JP2844025B2 - Construction composition - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The present invention relates to a construction composition containing hemp staple fibers to be mixed with inorganic materials such as a roof base material for building, a wall base material for interior and exterior, and a floor base material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, polymer fibers such as asbestos, polypropylene, and nylon, carbon fibers, and glass fibers have been used for the purpose of improving strength characteristics, maintaining molding, and preventing cracks.
It is used as a mixture with inorganic materials for construction. Although asbestos of these fibers are the most commonly used, harmful to the human body has been pointed out, is the current situation that worldwide use thereof is limited. Therefore, organic fibers such as polypropylene, nylon, and vinylon, or glass fibers are often used. However, these fibers have drawbacks such as weakness to heat, poor dispersibility, poor adhesion to inorganic substances, and poor alkali resistance.

[0003] Further, cotton and wood pulp are resistant to heat and excellent in alkali resistance. However, since they are single fibers, the entanglement between the fibers is large, and they cause deflation in water, resulting in poor dispersion and into inorganic substances. When kneading, it forms lumps,
There was a disadvantage that the quality was impaired. On the other hand, in hemp fibers, a large amount of impure polysaccharide components (eg, lignin) remains by simply removing the woody portion and the epidermis portion by mechanical treatment, which causes inhibition of hydration hardening of inorganic substances. In addition, the hemp fiber refined by the chemical treatment, the reaction proceeds excessively, the fiber is divided into single fibers, and the single fibers are easily entangled with each other. Cannot be uniformly dispersed.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention can be uniformly mixed with fibers that solve the problems of the prior art, ie, inorganic materials,
Moreover, an object of the present invention is to provide a construction composition containing hemp staple fibers, which can provide an inorganic material with anti-cracking properties, strength enhancement properties, humidity control properties, and the like, and can greatly improve the performance thereof.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have carried out an enzymatic treatment in which the reaction proceeds under mild conditions, instead of the above chemical treatment, thereby suppressing hemp fibers from becoming monofilament. The present inventors have found that it can be extracted as a cellulose fiber aggregate having a low impurity polysaccharide component, and have completed the present invention.

[0006] That is, the present invention comprises hemp staple fibers obtained by mechanically treating the hemp stalk itself or the hemp stalk to remove the woody part and the epidermis, to allow the action of an impure polysaccharide degrading enzyme, and then to cut it. A construction composition characterized in that: In the present invention, as the hemp fiber to be used, either raw stalk itself such as ramie, linen, hemp, jute or the like, or the raw stalk obtained by mechanically treating the above raw stalk can be used. Here, "mechanical treatment" refers to cutting using a machine (peeling machine) consisting of a rotary grinding drum having several steel blades and a passive insertion table which can maintain a very narrow gap parallel to the cutting edge of the drum. Immediately after the aso stalk is inserted into this gap, it is crushed and beaten by a drum steel blade, and the unnecessary woody and epidermis are removed. As the enzyme for degrading the impurity polysaccharide component used in the present invention, one or a mixture of two or more types of commercially available pectinase and hemicellulase enzymes such as an enzyme produced by Aspergillus or an enzyme produced by Bacillus may be used. it can. In the present invention, since it is necessary to minimize the degradation of cellulose,
An enzyme having weak cellulase activity is required. For reaction conditions such as the amount of enzyme added, reaction time, and pH during the reaction,
It is appropriately selected in view of the types of commercially available enzymes and the object of the present invention of suppressing cellulose decomposition.

[0007] The hemp fiber obtained by drying after the enzyme treatment is cut into an arbitrary length by a cutter. At this time, when the fixed-length cutting is performed by a guillotine-type cutter, it is preferable that the fibers are aligned and parallelized by a hackling device as a pre-process. On the other hand, when cutting with a rotary cutter, no pre-process is required. However, since the fiber length of a material cut by a rotary cutter shows a normal distribution, it is preferable to perform classification by a screen depending on the purpose of use. In the present invention ,
Although any of the above methods can be adopted, the latter is more preferable in consideration of economy.

The shape of the hemp fiber depends on the purpose of use, but the average fiber length is 0.5 to 30 m / m and the average diameter is 0.1 to 30 m / m.
It is good to adjust to 3 m / m. More preferably, the average fiber length is 3 to 15 m / m and the average diameter is 0.2 to 1 m / m. The amount of the inorganic material of hemp fibers, from 0.5 to 10% relative to the weight <br/> amount of cement. In consideration of finishability and compressive strength, a more preferable content is 1 to 4% based on the weight of the cement.

The hemp fiber obtained by the above method has most of the impurity polysaccharide components (particularly lignin) removed,
Even when mixed with an inorganic material, the hydration reaction of cement or the like is not hindered, and the adhesion between the fiber surface and the inorganic material becomes good after curing.
The hemp fiber can be uniformly dispersed even when dry blended with the inorganic substance in advance, or even when the hemp fiber is directly introduced at the time of kneading the inorganic substance with the mixer.

[0010] The construction composition of the present invention can be used as a roof base material for construction, a base material for interior and exterior, a floor base material and the like.

[0011]

The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples. Example 1 (1) Preparation of hemp staple fiber To 10 kg of mechanically treated ramie raw material, 300 ml of an impure polysaccharide component-decomposing enzyme (manufactured by Fluxzyme Novo Co., Ltd.) was added to water, and adjusted to pH 4.7 and a temperature of 40 ° C. Add 100 liters of the aqueous enzyme solution obtained at
The immersion treatment was performed for 24 hours.

After the enzyme treatment, the decomposed product was removed by washing several times and dried to obtain 8 kg of ramie fiber. The obtained ramie fiber is aligned by hackling, and a guillotine cutter (D-TYPE AUTOMATIC CUTTER manufactured by Onouchi Works)
To cut the fiber length to 3 m / m. The component composition of the obtained ramie fiber is as shown in Table 1.

[0013] After dry blending and kneading perlite 25, hemp short fiber 0.5 and water reducing agent 0.2 of the above adjustment with respect to cement 100 (weight ratio), the flow value after kneading (ASTMC-124-39)
Was adjusted to about 185 m / m to produce a construction composition.

Examples 2 to 6 The construction compositions were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the mixing ratio of the short fibers was changed to 1, 2, 4, 5, and 10 (Examples 2 to 6). Manufactured. Example 7 A construction composition was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the mixing ratio of hemp short fibers was changed to 4, except for perlite.

Comparative Example 1 A construction composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the short hemp fibers were omitted. Comparative Example 2 A construction composition was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that polypropylene (4% by weight) was blended in place of the hemp short fiber.

Comparative Example 3 A construction composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that wood pulp (4 wt%) was blended in place of the hemp short fibers. Comparative Example 4 A construction composition was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that pearlite and hemp short fibers were omitted.

The performance and evaluation of the construction composition obtained in each of the above examples are shown in Table 2 below.

[0018]

[Table 1]

[0019]

[Table 2]

The construction compositions obtained in Examples 7 to 7 have excellent uniform dispersibility of hemp staple fibers in inorganic materials, humidity control, water absorption, drying speed, strength enhancement, flexural strength, compressive strength, The nailing property was superior to the construction compositions obtained in Comparative Examples 1 to 4.

[0021]

According to the present invention, the dispersibility of fibers, the strength-enhancing property, the humidity control property, the anti-cracking property, the nailing property (nailing property) are improved and the workability (plastering finish) is improved as compared with the conventional one. sex)
And a construction composition containing short hemp fibers.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. Aso stalks are mechanically treated to produce a woody part,
After removing the epidermis, impregnated polysaccharide degrading enzyme is allowed to act to such an extent that the hemp fibers are not converted into monofilaments.
A moisture-controlling construction composition, which is blended by dry blending in a ratio of parts by weight.