JPH04281079A - Method for dyeing yarn and woven fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable dyeing to a dark color excellent in fastness with a small amount of a pigment in a short time by converting yarn or a woven fabric composed of natural fiber into cations, fixing the natural pigment on the yarn or woven fabric and coloring the yarn or woven fabric with a mordant. CONSTITUTION:Yarn or a woven fabric composed of natural fiber such as silk, cotton or hemp is preferably converted into cations with 3-chloro-2- hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, etc., under alkaline conditions, then dyed with a dye extracted from a plant or an organism, subsequently fixed and colored with a mordant (e.g. alum, tannin or copper sulfate) (as necessary, colored with oxygen in air) to enable dyeing at a high concentration and high color fastness in a short time without requiring much labor as compared with those of conventional dyeing methods.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

[Industrial Application Field] This invention uses liquid extracted from plants and organisms existing in the natural world as a dye, and mordantes it with lye, alum, vinegar, tannin, copper sulfate, dichromic acid, etc. to fix and develop various colors. . It also relates to a method for dyeing threads and fabrics that are exposed to the air and colored with oxygen.

0002

[Prior Art] Conventionally, there has been a dyeing method in which liquids extracted from plants and organisms existing in the natural world are used as dyes, and various colors are mordanted with lye, alum, vinegar, tannins, copper sulfate, dichromic acid, etc., and fixed and colored. Collecting plants that grow naturally in the fields and mountains,
The roots, leaves, stems, skins, fruits, etc. of these plants are boiled, and the decoction of the insects is used as a dye to dye silk, cotton, linen, etc. threads and fabrics, and then lye, alum, vinegar, etc. tannins,
Mordants such as copper sulfate and dichromic acid are used to fix and develop color. Indigo dyeing is also a dye that develops color when exposed to the air and exposed to oxygen.

[0003] However, these dyeing methods require a lot of effort during the production process, and the process of dipping and drying the dye solution must be repeated dozens of times, or more than 100 times for highly concentrated dyes. .

[0004] At this time, the dye is easily perishable, making it difficult to store it for a long period of time, and the number of working days required. Furthermore, the fastness of the finished product is generally very inferior to that of chemical dyes, and they have drawbacks such as being particularly susceptible to discoloration due to sunlight and being susceptible to getting wet.

[0005] In view of the above, it has been desired to put into practical use a dyeing method that can achieve high density and excellent fastness with as little effort as possible.

[0006]

[Problem to be solved by the invention] This invention solves the problems of silk, cotton,
A liquid extracted from naturally occurring plants and organisms is used as a dye on linen threads and textiles, and mordanted with lye, alum, vinegar, tannin, copper sulfate, dichromic acid, etc., to fix and develop color.

[0007] Alternatively, the aim is to make the process of exposing the product to the air and developing the color with oxygen as pain-free as possible, to use as little dye as possible, to have a high concentration, and to achieve the best possible fastness of the finished product. shall be.

[0008]

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention introduces cationic groups into the whole or part of threads or textiles such as silk, cotton, hemp, etc., and then dyes the liquid extracted from plants and organisms existing in the natural world. As a mordant, it is mordanted with lye, alum, vinegar, tannin, copper sulfate, dichromic acid, etc. to fix and develop color. Alternatively, it is a dyeing method characterized by exposing the dye to the air and developing color with oxygen.

In the present invention, 3-chloro-2 is used as a chemical for introducing cationic groups into silk, cotton, linen, etc.
-Hydroxypropyltrimelammonium chloride, glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride, 3-
Chloro-2-hydroxypropyldimethylammonium chloride, 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl-2
-Hydroxyethyldimethylammonium chloride and the like are used, among which 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride is extremely effective.

[0010] Alkali is used as an auxiliary agent to introduce cationic groups, and NaOH, KOH, NaCO3, etc. are effective, and in the case of silk, NaOH is especially effective as long as the amount used is kept to a limit that does not affect the physical properties. Effective.

[0011] After pre-treating silk, cotton, linen, etc. threads and fabrics using the above chemicals, lye, alum, vinegar,
It is mordanted with tannins, copper sulfate, dichromic acid, etc. to fix and develop color, or exposed to air to develop color with oxygen.

0012

[Action] Silk, cotton, hemp, and other threads and fabrics with cationic groups introduced have a much stronger dyeing effect than untreated threads and silk, and can be dyed in a short amount of time, so the dyeing time is very short. It can be significantly shortened. Furthermore, the amount of dye required for dyeing is extremely small compared to conventional dyeing methods.

[0013] Furthermore, it has been extremely difficult to dye silk fabrics with ties or knots, such as Hikita Shibori, in a high concentration because the color is injected into the ties. However, in the present invention,
Since dyeing can be done in a short time, this problem can be easily solved.

[0014] Next, the present invention will be explained with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0015]

[Example 1] White cotton or linen fabric was coated with a solution of 80 g/l of 3-chloro-2hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (purity 60%) and 40 g/l of NaOH at a bath ratio of 1:10 to 20 at room temperature for one day and night. After treatment, the mixture was washed with water, acid treated with 1 ml/l of acetic acid, washed with water, and dried.

A white silk fabric was coated with 3-chloro-2hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (purity 6
0%) 40g/l, NaOH 8g/l solution, bath ratio 1:10-20, temperature raised to room temperature to 80°C over 10-20 minutes, treated at 80°C for 5 minutes, washed with water, acetic acid 1ml/l It was treated with acid, washed with water, and dried.

About 300 g of cotton or linen treated under the above conditions was boiled in 1 liter of water for 30 minutes, and then the treated cloth was boiled for 10 minutes in the same bath as the untreated cloth. The untreated cloth was dyed for 30 minutes at 60° C. or higher, and fixed color was developed using aluminum mordant.

Next, the cotton or silk cloth treated under the above conditions was
Approximately 300g of autumn leaves are boiled in 1 liter of water for 30 minutes, then used as a dye. It was dyed at temperatures above ℃ and fixed and developed with iron mordant.

The color fastness and color measurement results of these fabrics are shown in Table 1. In particular, the color density index K/S value, which indicates the deep dyeing effect, is extremely large for treated fabrics, even though the dyeing time is shorter than for untreated fabrics, which clearly shows the extent of the effect. ing.

[0020] The sunlight fastness of the treated fabrics was slightly better than that of the untreated fabrics in some cases, but in most cases they were at the same level.

[0021] Both dry rub fastness and wet rub fastness of treated fabrics are inferior to untreated fabrics.

However, using conventional dyeing methods, it takes a long time and a huge amount of dye to dye untreated fabric to a K/S value similar to that of treated fabric, so it is difficult to simply compare. It can be said that it is difficult to do so.

[0023] Among them, when dyeing cotton cloth with a leaf dye and an iron mordant, which have a relatively small deep dyeing effect, the dry rub fastness and wet rub fastness values were the same.

[0024] From this result, in the case of other dyes, if the K/S value of the untreated fabric is made comparable to the K/S value of the treated fabric and the dry rub and wet rub fastnesses can be compared. , is expected to be about the same.

[0025]

[Example 2] Approximately 100 g of cotton yarn was cationized under the same conditions and operations as the cationization treatment of the cotton fabric in Example 1.

Next, 100 g of silk thread was subjected to cationization treatment under the same conditions and operation as the cationization treatment of the silk fabric in Example 1.

[0027] These cotton, silk threads and untreated cotton, silk threads of approx.
00g, boiled about 300g in 1 liter of water for 30 minutes, used as a dye, dyed the treated thread for 10 minutes and the untreated thread for 30 minutes at 60℃ or higher in the same bath, and dyed the aluminum. It was fixed and colored with mordant.

The color fastness of these yarns is shown in Table 2. Although color measurement was not performed this time, similar to Example 1, the deep dyeing effect was high.

The sunlight fastness of the treated silk thread was slightly better than that of the untreated silk thread, but the fastness to sunlight was the same for the cotton thread.

The dry rub and wet rub fastnesses of the treated yarn were inferior to those of the untreated yarn. However, for the same reason as the fabric of Example 1, it cannot be simply compared.

[0031]

[Example 3] Approximately 10g of Indian indigo was powdered and
It was dissolved in about 2 liters of water at 0°C, a small amount of hydrosulfite and caustic soda were added, and the mixture was stirred well.

[0032] Using this as a dye, cationized cotton, silk cloth, untreated cotton, and silk cloth were dyed in the same bath for 10 minutes using the conditions and procedures of Example 1, and after soaking in water for a while, dyed again for 10 minutes. The dye was soaked for a minute and then exposed to air to develop color with oxygen.

The cationized cotton and silk fabrics clearly had a higher deep dyeing effect than the untreated cotton and silk fabrics. This tendency was more pronounced for silk fabric than for cotton fabric.

[0034]

[Example 4] A commercially available concentrated extract of Japanese amberjack was diluted several times and applied to silk cloth that had been cationized and untreated under the conditions and procedure of Example 1, and was dyed several times with a brush. After dyeing and fixing and developing color using tin mordant, steam treatment was performed for 30 minutes, followed by washing with water and drying.

[0035] The cationized silk fabric clearly had a higher deep dyeing effect than the untreated silk fabric, both in dip dyeing and draw dyeing.

[0036]

[Example 5] About 50 g of cochineal was boiled in 1 liter of water as a dye, and cotton and silk cloth that had been cationized under the conditions and procedure of Example 1 and untreated cotton and silk cloth were treated in the same bath. The treated cloth was dyed for 10 minutes, and the untreated cloth was dyed for 30 minutes, and fixed color was developed using tin mordant.

The cationized cotton fabric could be dyed, but the untreated cotton fabric could hardly be dyed. The cationized silk fabric had a much higher dyeing effect than the untreated silk fabric.

[0038]

[Table 1]

[0039]

[Table 2]

Color density index K/S=(1-R)2/2R(
0<R≦0). R is the reflectance at the maximum absorption wavelength in the wavelength range of 400 nm to 700 nm. The larger the K/S value, the darker the color appears.

The dyed fabrics and dyed yarns according to the present invention were dyed with cationic groups introduced at 60° C. or higher for 10 minutes, and untreated fabrics were dyed in the same bath for 30 minutes. .

[0042] The color fastness test and color measurement were commissioned to the Kyoto City Dyeing and Weaving Laboratory.

[0043]

[Effects of the Invention] As is clear from the above examples, the present invention solves the problems of conventional dyeing techniques by introducing cationic groups into yarns and fabrics such as silk, cotton, and hemp in advance. However, it is possible to increase the density without requiring much dyeing time and effort.

[0044] Conventionally, it was difficult to dye Hikita-shibori or tight silk fabrics because the higher the concentration, the more the color might appear, but with this dyeing method, dyeing is now possible very easily. Ta. Further, only a very small amount of dye is needed at this time.

The dyes used in this dyeing method are extracted from plants and organisms that exist in nature, and some of them are very expensive in small amounts.

Furthermore, in order to increase the density, a large amount of dye is required in addition to a huge amount of labor and work. This requires a large amount of material to extract the dye, which makes it difficult to maintain consistent quality and is expensive.

[0047] For these reasons as well, the present dyeing method can supply products of constant quality at a much lower cost than conventional dyeing methods.

As explained in Example 1, the color fastness of this dyeing method is not inferior to that of the conventional dyeing method. In fact, there are some things that have improved, albeit slightly.

As is clear from the examples, with this dyeing method, not only is it possible to dye at a high density that is unimaginable with conventional dyeing methods, but it is also possible to dye threads and fabrics that could hardly be dyed. is possible. This can be said to be the emergence of a completely new dyeing material that has never existed before.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of plant/biological dyeing materials before being boiled.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of boiling plant/biological dyeing materials.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of boiling dyeing cloth in a dye solution.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing how dye liquid is applied to cloth.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Dyeing materials from suou plants 2. Dyeing materials from Haseno plants 3. Indigo plant dyeing materials 4 Dyeing materials from Ange plants 5 Cochineal biological dyeing material 6 Pot 7 Plant/biological dyeing materials 8 Firepower 9 Dye stick 10 Dye tub 11 Dye liquid 12 Cloth 13 Brush

Claims (1)

[Claims] Claim 1: 1 When dyeing threads and fabrics, silk,
After fully or partially introducing cationic groups into threads and fabrics such as cotton and linen, we use liquids extracted from plants and organisms that exist in nature as dyes, such as lye, alum, vinegar, tannins, etc.
A dyeing method characterized by mordanting with copper sulfate, dichromic acid, etc. to fix and develop the color, or exposing it to the air and developing the color with oxygen.