JPH04272560A - Power transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable sufficient lubrication inside a rotary case by allowing oil splashed by a rotary member to be collected into an oil reservoir via an oil gutter and then circulated through the inside of the rotary case. CONSTITUTION:An oil gutter 121 is disposed inside a transfer case 31 and oil is splashed as indicated by the arrow 137 as a rotary case 33 rotates. The oil gutter 121 is provided with a projecting oil guide 139 and the oil splashed by the guide 139 is collected from an opening 141 into a channel 123 provided inside the gutter. The oil which has been allowed to flow down within the gutter 121 is then allowed to fall down from a notch 143 and used to cool an electromagnet 109 and the like, and is also allowed to fall down from an outlet 147 provided at the lowermost portion of the gutter and is collected into an oil reservoir 151 formed by both a single mold bearing 39 and a seal 117. The oil in the oil reservoir 151 is allowed to flow into the rotary case 33 and supplied to a multiple disk clutch 105 and a differential gear 41 and discharged by centrifugal forces after lubricating both of them and then allowed to return into the oil reservoir 151.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a power transmission device used in vehicles and the like.

0002

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional power transmission device, there is one which has been filed as Japanese Patent Application No. 2-138516 by the present applicant. This device is a center differential device (center differential) that distributes engine power between the front wheels and rear wheels in a four-wheel drive (4WD) vehicle, and includes a planetary gear type differential mechanism and a differential limiting mechanism. Equipped with an electromagnetic clutch. This differential mechanism and multi-plate clutch section are housed in a rotating case, and the rotating case is housed in a transfer case.

0003

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In addition to being housed in the rotating case, the differential mechanism also has a pinion carrier that supports the pinion shaft and its shaft, and a side wall of the internal gear and its shaft. , has a multi-layered mechanism in which the side wall of the rotating case overlaps, making it difficult for oil to spread, resulting in insufficient lubrication.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a power transmission device that can sufficiently lubricate the interior of the rotating case as described above.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems] A power transmission device of the present invention includes a casing that houses a power transmission mechanism, a shielded bearing that supports a rotating case in the casing, and a shielded bearing and a seal that are formed in the casing. an oil reservoir, an oil gutter that collects oil that is enclosed in a casing and is splashed up by a rotating member and supplies it to the oil reservoir, an inflow channel that communicates with the oil reservoir and guides oil into the rotating case, and an oil gutter that communicates with the oil reservoir and guides the oil into the rotating case; It is characterized by comprising a discharge oil passage for discharging oil from.

[0006]

[Operation] The oil splashed up by the rotating member is collected in the oil reservoir formed by the shield bearing through the oil gutter, and is further guided into the rotating case from the inflow oil path communicating with the oil reservoir for lubrication. It is discharged from the discharge oil path and returns to the casing.

The interior of the rotating case is sufficiently lubricated by the oil circulation path thus formed.

[0008]

[Embodiment] A first embodiment will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. This embodiment is a transfer for a four-wheel drive vehicle as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and FIG. 3 shows a power system of a vehicle using this transfer. The left and right directions are the left and right directions in this vehicle and in FIG. 1, and the upper part of FIG. 1 corresponds to the front of this vehicle (the upper part of FIG. 3). It should be noted that members that are not numbered are not shown.

First, the configuration of this power system will be explained with reference to FIG.

This power system includes an engine 1, a transmission 3, a center differential 5, a front differential 7 (differential device on the front wheel side), front axles 9 and 11, left and right front wheels 13 and 15, a direction conversion gear set 17, and a propeller shaft. 1
9. Rear differential 21 (differential device on the rear wheel side),
It is composed of rear axles 23, 25, left and right rear wheels 27, 29, and the like.

Next, transfer will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.

Transfer case 31 (casing)
Inside, there is a rotating case 33 (rotating member) and a transfer gear 35 fixed to the left end side of the rotating case 33 and bearings 37 and 39.
is supported by.

The right bearing 39 (shielded bearing) is a one-sided shielded bearing whose left side is sealed.

A planetary gear type differential mechanism 41 (power transmission mechanism) is disposed within the rotating case 33. That is,
An outer pinion gear 45 meshes with the internal gear 43, and the pinion gear 45 is connected to the left and right carriers 47,
It is supported on a pinion shaft 51 supported by 49 via bearings 53, 53. An inner pinion gear meshes with the outer pinion gear 45. The inner pinion gear is supported via bearings on an inner pinion shaft supported by carriers 47 and 49, and meshes with sun gear 55. The carriers 47 and 49 are welded together. In this way, the differential mechanism 41 is configured.

As shown in FIG. 3, the transmission 3
The output gear 57 is an input gear 61 fixed to a hollow shaft 59.
It meshes with the. The internal gear 43 is formed on a hollow shaft 63, and the hollow shaft 59 is connected to this hollow shaft 63 by a spline. Also, the left carrier 47 has a hollow shaft 6
5 and is connected to the differential case 67 side of the front differential 7. Hollow shaft 6 with sun gear 55 formed
9 is connected to the rotating case 33 by a spline. The right front axle 11 rotatably passes through the hollow shafts 65, 69 and the rotating case 33.

Transfer gear 35 of rotating case 33
meshes with the gear 73 integrated with the countershaft 71,
A first bevel gear 75 fixed to the shaft 71 meshes with a second bevel gear 77 to form a direction changing gear set 17. The bevel gear 77 is connected to an output shaft 79 arranged in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.
The output shaft 79 is connected to the propeller shaft 19 side via a flange member 81. The countershaft 71 is supported by the transfer case 31 by bearings 83 and 85, and the output shaft 79 is supported by bearings 87 and 89, respectively.

Therefore, the rotation from the engine 1 is input to the internal gear 43 and is transmitted from the pinion gear to the carrier 47.
It is dividedly outputted from the sun gear 55 to the rear wheels 27 and 29 via the rotating case 33,
Depending on the difference in drive resistance generated between the front and rear wheels, the rotation and revolution of the pinion gear differentially distributes the drive force between the front and rear wheels.

The hollow shaft 63 is supported by the transfer gear 35 via a bush 91, and the hollow shaft 65 is supported by the bush 9.
3 and is supported on a hollow shaft 63. Furthermore, seals 95 and 97 are arranged between the transfer case 31 and the hollow shaft 63 and between the hollow shaft 63 and the hollow shaft 65, respectively. Furthermore, a shim 99 is arranged between the inner ring of the bearing 37 and the transfer case 31.

A clutch ring 10 is provided on the outer periphery of the hollow shaft 69.
1 is spline-connected, and a clutch drum 103 is integrally formed with the right carrier 49. ring 101
A multi-disc clutch 105 is arranged between the drum 103 and the drum 103 to connect them. An armature 107 is disposed on the inner circumference of the drum 103 so as to be movable in the axial direction.

A ring-shaped electromagnet 109 is arranged on the right side of the rotating case 33 and is fixed to the transfer case 31 with bolts 111. Right side wall 1 of rotating case 33
A non-magnetic ring 115 is embedded in the electromagnet 13 in order to prevent the magnetic force of the electromagnet 109 from short-circuiting and guide it to the armature 107.

When the armature 107 is attracted by the electromagnet 109, the multi-plate clutch 105 is pressed and engaged with the right side wall 113, and the carriers 47, 49 and sun gear 55
The relative rotation of the differential mechanism 41 is thereby restricted.

A seal 117 is disposed between the right end of the transfer case 31 and the right front axle 11, and inside the seal 117, the front axle 11 is supported by the transfer case 31 by a bearing 119.

As shown in FIG. 1, an oil gutter 121 is arranged inside the transfer case 31. The oil gutter 121 is made of nylon and is shown in Figure 2 (
The collar 12 has a groove 123 with a U-shaped cross section as shown in b).
5 and flexible arms 127, 129, 131, 133 to the transfer case 31 and the electromagnet 109.

As shown in FIG. 2, the transfer case 31 is filled with oil up to an oil level 135, and as the rotating case 33 rotates, the oil moves in the direction indicated by the arrow 13.
It is thrown up like 7. The oil gutter 121 is provided with a convex oil guide 139 at a portion facing the rotating case 33, and as shown in FIG. 121 in groove 123.

As shown in FIG. 1, the oil flowing down inside the oil gutter 121, which is lowered toward the right, flows down from a notch 143 in the middle as shown by an arrow 145 and reaches the electromagnet 1.
09, and flows down as shown by an arrow 149 from an outflow hole 147 provided at the bottom.

An oil reservoir 151 is formed in the transfer case 31 by the bearing 39 and the seal 117, and the oil flowing down from the outflow hole 147 is collected in this oil reservoir 151. Between the right front axle 11 and the rotating case 33, there is a gap 153 (
The oil in the oil reservoir 151 flows into the rotating case 33 through this gap 153. A portion of the oil that has flowed into the rotating case 33 and the hollow shaft 69
is supplied to the multi-disc clutch 105 side from the gap 155 between
The other oil is from the gap 157 between the front axle 11 and the hollow shaft 69 to the gap 15 between the left end of the hollow shaft 69 and the left carrier 47.
9 to the differential mechanism 41. These oil flows flow through the rotating case 33 and each tapered portion 1 of the hollow shaft 69.
Promoted by No. 61,163. The oil that has lubricated the multi-disc clutch 105 and the differential mechanism 41 is discharged from the opening 165 (discharge passage) to the outside of the rotating case 33 by centrifugal force, and returns to the sealed oil reservoir in the transfer case 31.

The interior of the rotating case 33 is sufficiently lubricated by the oil circulation path formed in this manner. Since the bearing 39 is of a single shield type, each bearing 39, 119 is also lubricated by this oil reservoir 151. Since the bearing 39 is used as a seal, there is no need to add a new seal, which is advantageous in terms of cost and space.

The transfer is thus configured.

In the vehicle shown in FIG. 3, the rotation of the engine 1 is transmitted to the center differential 5 via the transmission 3, and distributed from the front differential 7 to the left and right front wheels 13,1.
The output is divided into 5 parts from the rear differential 21 to the left and right rear wheels 27,
It is divided into 29 parts and output.

If the center differential 5 restricts the differential between the front and rear wheels, the straight-line stability of the vehicle will be improved on good roads, and even if one of the front and rear wheels spins on bad roads, the center differential 5 will limit the differential movement between the front and rear wheels. The driving force sent to the other wheel improves running performance.

By loosening or canceling the differential restriction of the center differential 5, smooth turning can be achieved and tight corner braking phenomenon, such as when parking the vehicle in a garage, can be prevented.

Since the center differential 5 is sufficiently lubricated and cooled, it has high durability against long-term high-speed operation and high-torque operation.

Next, the second embodiment will be explained with reference to FIG. In this embodiment, differential limiting mechanisms such as the multi-disc clutch 105 and the electromagnetic clutch 109 are omitted from the rear differential 5 in the first embodiment. The left and right direction is the left and right direction in FIG. 4, and in FIG. 4, the same numbers are given to the members having the same functions as those in FIG. Hereinafter, differences from the first embodiment will be explained.

An oil gutter 167 is arranged inside the transfer case 31. oil garter 167
is a container with a U-shaped cross section made of nylon, and has a 16-piece collar.
9 and flexible arms 171, 173, 175, 177.

The oil gutter 167 has a rotary case 33
A convex oil guide 179 and an opening are provided opposite to the oil guide 179 , and oil splashed up by the rotation of the rotating case 33 hits the oil guide 179 and changes direction and is collected inside the oil gutter 167 from the opening. .

This oil flows down inside the oil gutter 167 to the right, and a portion of the oil flows down from the notch 181 as shown by an arrow 183 and enters the interior of the rotating case 33 through an opening 185.

The remaining oil is drained from the outflow hole 187 at the right end of the oil gutter 167 through the X-ring 189 (having an oil reservoir 1 provided in the transfer case 31 between the
91 as shown by arrow 192.

This oil is applied to the rotating case 33 and the hollow shaft 69.
The oil enters the rotating case 33 through a gap 193 (inflow oil path) between the front axle 11 and the hollow shaft 65, and passes through a gap 194 that forms part of the oil reservoir 191 between the front axle 11 and the hollow shaft 65. Part of the oil is introduced into the differential mechanism 41 from the groove 195 (inflow oil passage), and the other oil is introduced into the bush 93 side via the oil passage 197 of the carrier 47, and after lubricating these, the oil is introduced into the opening 165 (discharge oil passage). ) etc. to the outside of the rotating case 33. Further, other oil passes through the oil passage 199 of the carrier 47 and is discharged from the rotating case 33 through the oil passage 201 due to centrifugal force, thereby lubricating the bush 91.

Since the bearing 39 is of the single-shield type, the bearings 39 and 119 are lubricated by the oil reservoir 191.
oil.

The power transmission device of the present invention is not limited to transfers as in each of the embodiments, but can also be used as any power transmission device that circulates splashed oil via an oil reservoir to lubricate the interior of the rotating case. It is possible to implement.

[0041]

[Effects of the Invention] In the power transmission device of the present invention, the splashed oil is collected in the oil reservoir through the oil gutter, is further guided into the rotating case from the inflow oil path for lubrication, and is discharged from the discharge oil path to the casing. Since we have created an oil circulation path that returns to the engine, the oil continues to circulate and provides sufficient lubrication. Since a sealed type bearing is used as the bearing that supports the rotating case, there is no need to install a new seal, which is advantageous in terms of cost and space.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

[FIG. 1] A cross-sectional view of the first embodiment, showing XQ1Q in FIG.
2 Corresponds to the X section.

FIG. 2 is a side view and an enlarged view of this embodiment, partially in section.

FIG. 3 is a skeleton mechanism diagram showing a power system of a vehicle using the power transmission device of the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the second embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

31 Transfer case (casing) 33
Rotating case (rotating member) 39 Bearing (shielded bearing) 41 Differential mechanism (power transmission mechanism) 117 Seal 121, 167 Oil gutter 151, 191 Oil reservoir 153, 193 Gap (inflow oil path) 165 Opening (discharge oil path) 195 Groove (inflow oil path)

Claims (1)

[Claims] Claim 1: A rotating case housing a power transmission mechanism, a casing housing the rotating case, a shield bearing supporting the rotating case in the casing, and an oil reservoir formed in the casing by the shield bearing and the seal. an oil gutter that is enclosed in the casing and collects oil splashed up by the rotating member and supplies it to the oil reservoir; an inflow channel that communicates with the oil reservoir and guides the oil into the rotating case; and an oil gutter that discharges the oil from the rotating case. A power transmission device characterized by comprising a discharge oil passage.