JP2001003962A - Coupling and differential gear - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To simplify the structure of a lead wire takeout part and to reduce its costs by enhancing degrees of freedom of design about the layout of the lead wire of an electromagnet and peripheral members. SOLUTION: The invention includes a clutch 43 positioned between torque transfer members 39, 41, an electromagnet 55 for moving an armature 53 from outside the member 39 to connect a clutch 45, a cam 49 actuated in response to the transfer torque between the members 39, 41 upon connection of the clutch 45 to connect the clutch 43, and a stationary casing 37. The core 79 of the electromagnet 55 is supported against the casing 37 and the member 39 is supported against the casing 37 via a bearing 97 and the core 79. The lead wire 115 of the electromagnet 55 is directly drawn out of the core 79.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a coupling for controlling a transmission torque by using an electromagnetic clutch, and a differential device for controlling a differential limiting force by using an electromagnetic clutch.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art "Gaia New Car Manual 0-22 pages" Edited by Toyota Motor Corporation Service Department 19
May 29, 1998 ”, coupling 5 as shown in Fig. 9
01 is described.

[0003] The coupling 501 is arranged in a rear wheel-side power transmission system of a four-wheel drive vehicle.
3, a hub 505, a multi-plate type main clutch 507 and a control clutch 509, an armature 511, an electromagnet 513, a cam ring 515, a ball cam 517, a pressing member 519, a controller and the like.

[0004] The coupling 501 is a differential carrier 521.
The differential carrier 521 is configured by fixing a cover 525 to a front portion of a carrier main body 523.

[0005] The core 527 of the electromagnet 513 is fitted to the carrier body 523 at an axial fitting portion 529 provided between the core 527 and the carrier body 523, and is centered.
In addition, the locking pin 535 is inserted into the engaging groove 531 of the core 527 and the engaging hole 533 of the cover 525, and the core 527 is inserted.
Is locked around the cover 525.

A lead wire 537 of the electromagnet 513 is drawn out from a grommet 539 attached to the differential carrier 521, and the core 527 is prevented from being damaged by the rotation of the core 527.

The rotating case 503 has a bearing 54 at its front.
1 supports the cover 525, and the rear portion is supported by the carrier body 523 via the core 527 of the electromagnet 513 and the bearing 543.

[0008] The rotating case 503 is connected from the transfer to the transmission via a propeller shaft. A drive pinion shaft 545 is connected to the hub 505 by selection, and a drive pinion gear 547 integrally formed therewith meshes with a ring gear on the rear differential side.

The hub 505 penetrates the rotating case 503,
The rotary case 503 is supported by a ball bearing 549 and a needle bearing 551.

The main clutch 507 includes a rotating case 503.
The control clutch 509 is disposed between the rotating case 503 and the cam ring 515.

The pressing member 519 is movably connected to the hub 505 and the ball cam 517 is connected to the cam ring 5.
15 and a pressing member 519.

The controller disconnects and connects the rear wheel and controls the torque transmitted to the rear wheel by exciting the electromagnet 513, controlling the exciting current, stopping excitation, and the like.

When the electromagnet 513 is excited, a magnetic loop 553 is formed, the armature 511 is attracted, and the control clutch 509 is engaged. When the control clutch 509 is engaged, a torque between the rotating case 503 and the hub 505 is applied to the ball cam 517, and the generated cam thrust force presses the main clutch 507 via the pressing member 519.

When the coupling 501 is connected in this manner, the driving force of the engine is sent to the rear wheels, and the vehicle enters a four-wheel drive state, so that the running performance on rough roads and the stability of the vehicle body are improved.

When the exciting current of the electromagnet 513 is controlled, the cam thrust force of the ball cam 517 changes due to the slip of the control clutch 509, and the coupling force of the main clutch 507 changes to reduce the driving force of the rear wheels. Adjusted.

When the excitation of the electromagnet 513 is stopped, the control clutch 509 is released and the ball cam 51 is released.
7, the main clutch 507 is released, the connection of the coupling 501 is released, and the vehicle enters the two-wheel drive state.

[0017]

However, in the coupling 501, the lead wire 537 of the electromagnet 513 is drawn out through the grommet 539, and the grommet 539 is attached to the differential carrier 521. The structure of the portion for leading the lead wire 537 is complicated and the cost is high.

In addition, the use of the grommet 539 increases the number of parts and increases the cost.

Further, the lead wire 53 is provided through a grommet 539 attached to the differential carrier 521.
7 is restricted.

In the coupling 501, the lead wire 537 is drawn out in the axial direction due to this restriction. For example, even if it is desired to draw out the lead wire 537 in the radial direction to avoid interference with peripheral members, I can't handle this.

As described above, the lead wire withdrawal property and the degree of freedom in the lead direction are low, and the interference with peripheral members is apt to occur.

The coupling 501 includes an electromagnet 513
Are contained in the differential carrier 521, and the cooling effect by the outside air cannot be expected.

Accordingly, the oil sealed in the coupling 501 becomes high in temperature and easily deteriorates, and the main clutch 507, control clutch 509, ball cam 517, ball bearing 549, needle bearing 551, etc. Wear is accelerated and durability is reduced.

Further, the coupling 501 housed in the differential carrier 521 has poor assemblability.

If the cooling is insufficient, the electromagnet 513
In this case, the exciting current and the attractive force of the armature 511 become unstable due to the temperature change, and the control function of the transmission torque is reduced.

The electromagnet 513 in which the core 527 is fitted by the fitting portion 529 requires a rotation stopping mechanism (an engagement groove 531, an engagement hole 533, and a rotation prevention pin 535). Cost increases.

If a rotation stopping mechanism is provided, the lead wire 5
Care must be taken to avoid interference with the 37 drawers, which increases design challenges.

Further, since the fitting portion 529 is a spigot portion in the axial direction, the coupling 501 becomes larger and heavier in the axial direction, thereby deteriorating the mountability.

Therefore, according to the present invention, the lead wire of the electromagnet can be drawn out in any direction, the structure of the lead-out portion is simple and low cost, and the cooling and durability of the device are high. It is an object of the present invention to provide a coupling and differential device which is excellent in assemblability and suppresses a temperature change of an electromagnet, thereby improving a control function of a transmission torque and a differential limiting force.

[0030]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a coupling comprising: a case-shaped torque transmitting member; an axial torque transmitting member penetrating the case-shaped torque transmitting member; A stationary clutch, an electromagnet for moving the armature from outside of the case-like torque transmitting member to press and connect the clutch, and a stationary casing. The stationary casing is fixed at the exposed fixing portion. One of the two torque transmitting members is rotatably supported by the core, and the lead wire of the electromagnet is provided on the core. It is characterized by being drawn out directly from the drawer.

As described above, in the coupling according to the first aspect, the grommet 5 attached to the differential carrier 521 is provided.
Unlike the conventional example in which the lead wire 537 is drawn out via the wire 39, the lead wire of the electromagnet is drawn directly from the lead-out portion of the core. Simple and low cost.

The use of the grommet is optional. Even when the grommet is used, the grommet may be attached to the opening of the drawer portion. Therefore, unlike the conventional example in which the grommet 539 is attached to the differential carrier 521, the stationary side case is provided. There is no need to machine the mounting portion of the grommet on the shing, and the shape of the stationary casing is simpler and the cost is reduced.

If the grommet is not used, the number of parts is reduced, and the cost is further reduced.

Further, by directly leading the lead wire from the lead-out portion of the core, the lead wire withdrawability and the degree of freedom in the leading direction are greatly improved.

Further, the degree of freedom in connection of the lead wire after the lead is greatly improved.

Accordingly, interference between peripheral members such as joints and suspension members and the lead wire can be easily avoided, and the lead wire can be easily removed.
The breakage of the lead wire is prevented, and the degree of freedom in designing the layout of the lead wire and peripheral members is greatly improved.

Further, since the lead wire is drawn out from the lead-out portion of the core to the outside, at least the lead-out portion is exposed to the outside, so that the core is cooled by the outside air.

Further, since the core of the electromagnet is fixed to the stationary casing at the fixed portion exposed to the outside, heat of the core is released to the outside from the stationary casing by heat conduction, and the core is removed. Cooled.

Since the cooling effect prevents the temperature change of the electromagnet, the exciting current and the armature attraction force are stabilized, and the control function of the transmission torque is improved.

Further, since the core is cooled, a cooling effect of the case-like torque transmitting member arranged close to the core can be expected.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a case-like torque transmitting member, a shaft-like torque transmitting member penetrating into the case-like torque transmitting member, and a main body disposed between the two torque transmitting members. A clutch; an electromagnet for moving the armature from outside the case-like torque transmitting member;
A control clutch that is pressed by the mach and connected
When the control clutch is connected, it is provided with a cam that operates by receiving the transmission torque between the two torque transmitting members and connects the main clutch, and a casing on the stationary side. One of the two torque transmitting members is rotatably supported by the core, and the lead wire of the electromagnet is drawn out directly from the core to the outside. It is characterized by being.

When the electromagnet is excited, the armature moves and presses the control clutch to connect it. When the control clutch is connected, the torque between the two torque transmitting members is applied to the cam, and the generated main thrust force connects the main clutch via the pressing member, thereby connecting the coupling.

When the exciting current of the electromagnet is controlled, the cam thrust force changes due to the slip of the control clutch.
The coupling force of the main clutch and the transmission torque of the coupling can be properly adjusted.

When the excitation of the electromagnet is stopped, the control clutch is released and the thrust force of the cam disappears.
The main clutch is released and the coupling is released.

In the coupling according to the second aspect, the same effect as the coupling according to the first aspect is obtained by directly leading the lead wire of the electromagnet to the outside from the lead portion of the core.

If the coupling according to claim 1 or 2 is arranged in each power transmission system on the front wheel side or the rear wheel side of the four-wheel drive vehicle, the coupling and disconnection of each side wheel is performed. ,
If the wheels are connected, the vehicle will be in a four-wheel drive state, and if disconnected, the vehicle will be in a two-wheel drive state.

The coupling is connected to a front differential (a differential device for distributing the driving force of the engine to the left and right front wheels) and a rear differential (a differential device for distributing the driving force of the engine to the right and left rear wheels) of a four-wheel drive vehicle. It is also possible to arrange on each wheel side axle.

Also in this case, when the coupling is connected,
When the vehicle enters the four-wheel drive state and the coupling is released, the differential gears rotate freely and differentially, thereby stopping the transmission of driving force to the wheels, and the vehicle enters the two-wheel drive state.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, a case-like torque transmitting member which is rotated by a driving force of an engine, and the rotation of the case-like torque transmitting member is transmitted to a wheel side through a pair of shaft-like torque transmitting members. Mechanism, a clutch disposed between any two of these torque transmitting members, and an electromagnet for moving the armature from outside the case-like torque transmitting member to press and connect the clutch. When,
A stationary casing is fixed to the stationary casing at a fixed portion exposed to the outside, and a case-shaped torque transmitting member is rotatably supported by the core. And a lead wire of the electromagnet is drawn directly to the outside from the core.

The electromagnet moves the armature to connect the clutch, and when the clutch is connected, the differential of the differential mechanism is limited by the frictional resistance.

When the exciting current of the electromagnet is controlled, the slip of the clutch changes, and the differential limiting force can be adjusted.

When the excitation of the electromagnet is stopped, the clutch is released, and the differential is allowed.

Further, the differential device according to claim 3 is:
By drawing out the lead wire of the electromagnet directly to the outside from the lead-out portion of the core, the same effects as those of the first and second aspects are obtained.

The invention according to claim 4 is the invention according to claims 1 to 3.
4. The coupling or the differential device according to claim 1, wherein the case-like torque transmitting member is exposed to the outside, and is equivalent to any one of claims 1 to 3. To get the effect.

In this configuration, for example, the core of the electromagnet is
Fixed to the stationary casing opening and exposed to the outside,
The case-like torque transmitting member is rotatably supported by the core, thereby exposing the case-like torque transmitting member to the outside.

Accordingly, the case-like torque transmitting member is sufficiently cooled by the outside air, so that the temperature of the oil sealed therein is suppressed from rising and deterioration is prevented. For example, clutches, cams, bearings, etc. The lubrication and cooling effects are improved, and the durability is improved.

Further, the coupling exposed to the outside provides a wide working space and does not have a support structure between the torque transmitting member and the stationary casing, so that the coupling is extremely good.

The invention of claim 5 is the invention of claims 1 to 4
5. The coupling or differential device according to claim 1, wherein the core of the electromagnet is fixed to the stationary casing by bolts, and a lead wire lead-out portion provided on the core. Are provided between the bolts in the circumferential direction.
An effect equivalent to either of the above is obtained.

In addition to this, since the core of the electromagnet is fixed to the stationary casing by bolts, it is different from the conventional example which requires a rotation stopping mechanism including the engaging groove 531, the engaging hole 533 and the locking pin 535. Therefore, the structure is simplified and the cost is reduced.

Further, since the core is bolted, the axial inset portion such as the conventional fitting portion 529 is not required, so that the coupling is axially compact and lightweight. In addition, the on-board performance is improved.

In addition, the axial compactness (axial vibration) is greatly reduced due to the compactness in the axial direction.

Further, since the lead wire lead-out portion and the bolt attaching portion are provided in the circumferential direction of each other, interference between the lead-out portion and the bolt hole is prevented, and the workability in tightening the bolt is great. improves.

The invention of claim 6 is the invention of claims 1 to 5
6. The coupling or the differential device according to claim 1, wherein the lead wire lead-out portion is provided on an outer peripheral side of the core. An effect equivalent to either one is obtained.

In addition, since the lead wire lead-out portion is provided on the outer peripheral side of the core, unlike the conventional example, it is possible to draw the lead wire in the radial direction to avoid interference with peripheral members. As a result, breakage of the lead wire is prevented.

Further, the degree of freedom in connection of the lead wires thus drawn is greatly improved.

The invention according to claim 7 is the invention according to claims 1 to 6
The coupling or the differential device according to any one of the above, wherein the connection shaft supported by the stationary-side casing penetrates the case-like torque transmitting member and the shaft-like torque transmitting member, One of the torque transmitting members is
7. An effect equivalent to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the connecting shaft is supported at the tip end thereof via a bearing, and oil is sealed inside the case-like torque transmitting member. Get.

In addition to this, one of the torque transmitting members is supported by a bearing at the end of the connecting shaft penetrating the case-like torque transmitting member and the shaft-like torque transmitting member, and the connecting shaft is stationary. Due to the support by the shing, one of the torque transmitting members is supported by the stationary casing through the connecting shaft.

As described above, by supporting the end remote from the stationary casing by the stationary casing, the supporting strength is greatly improved.

Although the shaft is liable to be shaken at the end remote from the stationary casing, an extremely high shaft shake suppression effect can be obtained by supporting this end with the connecting shaft. The normal function is maintained for a long time.

Further, since the torque transmitting member supported on the connecting shaft does not need to be supported by the stationary casing,
By removing the stationary casing on the outer peripheral side, the configuration of claim 4 in which the coupling is exposed to the outside becomes easy to implement, and the effect of claim 4 can be easily obtained.

In particular, in the case where the case-shaped torque transmitting member is exposed to the outside, the oil cooled to the outside air circulates through the case-shaped torque transmitting member, so that the internal temperature becomes uniform. For example, since heat generating parts such as clutches, bearings, and other sliding parts are effectively cooled, the cooling effect and the lubricating effect are further improved.

Further, since the supporting strength is high, for example, a cover of a sheet metal formed by press molding, a cover formed of resin, etc.
Thin and lightweight cover not intended to support the coupling
To the stationary casing to surround the coupling,
A fluid space may be formed between the cover and the coupling.

In this way, the cover protects the coupling from obstacles that fly during traveling, and a larger cooling effect can be obtained if the cooling fluid is sealed in the fluid space.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the coupling or the differential device according to the seventh aspect, wherein the bearing for supporting the torque transmitting member at the tip of the connecting shaft supports the torque transmitting member on the core of the electromagnet. The diameter of the bearing is smaller than that of the bearing, and the same effect as that of the seventh aspect is obtained.

In addition, the diameter of the bearing for supporting the torque transmitting member at the distal end of the coupling shaft is made smaller than the diameter of the bearing for supporting the torque transmitting member on the core of the electromagnet. Moment can be reduced.

As described above, if the inertial moment at the tip is reduced, the axial deviation of the coupling is further reduced.

If the distal end side of the coupling is made small, it is easy to prevent interference with peripheral members such as joints and suspension members, and the degree of freedom in designing the layout of the coupling and the peripheral members is reduced. Greatly improved.

[0078]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS First Embodiment A coupling 1 according to a first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

This coupling 1 is described in claims 1, 2, 4,
5, 6, 7, and 8 are provided. FIG. 1 shows a coupling 1 and FIG. 4 shows a power system of a four-wheel drive vehicle using the coupling 1. The left and right directions are the left and right directions of the vehicle, and the left side of FIGS. 1 and 2 corresponds to the front of the vehicle. In addition, members and the like without reference numerals are not shown.

As shown in FIG. 4, the power system includes a horizontally disposed engine 3, a transmission 5, a transfer 7, a front differential 9, front axles 11, 13, right and left front wheels 15, 1
7, rear wheel side propeller shaft 19, coupling 1,
Rear differential 21, rear axles 23, 25, left and right rear wheels 27, 2
9 and the like.

The driving force of the engine 3 is transmitted from the output gear 31 of the transmission 5 to the differential case 35 of the front differential 9 via the ring gear 33.
The transmission is transmitted to the coupling 1 through the front axles 11 and 13 and to the left and right front wheels 15 and 17. The propeller shaft 19 is further rotated from the differential case 35 via the transfer 7.

When the coupling 1 is connected, the driving force of the engine 3 is distributed from the rear differential 21 to the left and right rear wheels 27 and 29 via the rear axles 23 and 25, and the vehicle is driven in a four-wheel drive state.

When the connection of the coupling 1 is released, the rear wheels below the rear differential 21 are disconnected, and the vehicle is driven by two wheels.

As described above, the coupling 1 is arranged in the power transmission system on the rear wheel side, and controls connection and disconnection of the rear wheels 27 and 29 and control of the driving force transmitted to the rear wheel side.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the rear differential 21 is accommodated in a differential carrier 37 (a stationary casing), and the coupling 1 is disposed at the front end side of the differential carrier 37 and is exposed to the outside. I have.

As shown in FIG. 1, the coupling 1 includes a rotating case 39 (casing torque transmitting member), a hub 41 (shaft torque transmitting member), a multi-plate type main clutch 43 and a control clutch 45. , Cam ring 47, ball cam 49 (cam), pressure plate 51, armature 5
3. It is composed of a ring-shaped electromagnet 55, a controller and the like.

The rotating case 39 comprises a case 57 and a rotor 59 on the rear side.

The case 57 is made of a non-magnetic material.
The rotor 59 is made of a magnetic material.

The case 57 and the rotor 59 are screwed by a screw portion 61 and are positioned by an abutting portion 63 provided therebetween, and furthermore, by a nut 65 screwed to the screw portion 61. It is fixed by a double nut function, which is a common design means.

A seal ring 67 is provided between the case 57 and the rotor 59 to prevent oil leakage and foreign substances such as moisture and dust.

The hub 41 is disposed inside the rotating case 39, and the rear end thereof is supported by the rotating case 39 by a needle bearing 69.

A wall 71 is provided on the front side of the case 57. The wall 71 is provided between the hub 41 and the wall 71.
Between the rotor and the rotor 59 is a seal having an X-shaped cross section.
Rings 73 and 74 are respectively arranged to prevent oil leakage,
It prevents foreign substances such as moisture and dust from entering.

A drive pinion shaft 75 (a connection shaft that is supported by the stationary casing and passes through both torque transmission portions) is connected to the hub 41 by a selection portion 76. A seal ring 77 is disposed between the front end of the hub 41 and the drive pinion shaft 75 to prevent oil leakage and entry of foreign substances such as moisture and dust.

The drive pinion shaft 75 is supported on the differential carrier 37 via angular contact bearings 80 and 81.

As shown in FIG. 3, the core 79 of the electromagnet 55 is provided with an exposed flange portion 83 (fixed portion, radially extending portion), and the flange portion 83 has eight bolt holes 85.
Is provided. The core 79 is fixed to the front end of the differential carrier 37 through a bolt 87 in each bolt hole 85.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the differential carrier 37 and the core 79 are respectively provided with pin holes 89 and 91 at two places, respectively. The core 79 and the differential carrier 37 are provided with a knock pin 93 before being fixed. It is inserted into these pin holes 89 and 91 and is centered.

As shown in FIG. 3, the two pin holes 91 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction (point-symmetric positions with respect to the axis).

Alternatively, the knock pin 93 may be hollow, and may have a sufficiently larger diameter than the bolt 87 so that the bolt 87 penetrates the knock pin 93.

A liquid seal material or a gasket is disposed between the flange portion 83 of the core 79 and each mating surface of the differential carrier 37 to maintain fluid tightness, thereby preventing oil leakage, moisture and dust. And the invasion of foreign substances such as

The front end of the rotating case 39 is formed at the front side wall 71 of the case 57 by ball bearings 95 (small diameter bearings) on both sides of the drive pinion shaft 7.
The rear end is supported by a differential carrier 37 via a core 79 by ball bearings 97 on both sides of the seal by means of a rotor 59.

As shown in FIG. 1, the ball bearing 95 at the front end of the drive pinion shaft 75 (the front end of the rotating case 39) has a smaller diameter than the ball bearing 97 at the rear end of the rotating case 39. is there.

As described above, since the diameter of the ball bearing 95 is reduced, the diameter of the rotating case 39 at the distal end is reduced, and the inertia moment at the distal end is reduced.

Each angular contact bearing 8
Reference numerals 0 and 81 denote ball bearings 9 by means of lock nuts 99 screwed to the tips of drive pinion shafts 75.
5 is pressurized through the inner race 101 and the hub 41, the respective radial gaps are appropriately adjusted and centered, and the movement in the axial direction is restricted.

As described above, the drive pinion shaft 7
5 is a large capacity angular contact bearing 80,
The hub 41 is firmly connected to the drive pinion shaft 75 by a lock nut 99 by being supported by the differential carrier 37 by 81. Furthermore, rotating case 3
9 is supported by a drive pinion shaft 75 and a core 79 by bearings 95 and 97.

Thus, the coupling 1 is properly positioned in both the radial direction and the axial direction.

The drive pinion gear 103 formed on the drive pinion shaft 75 meshes with the ring gear 105 on the rear differential 21 side.
Connected to one side.

A plurality of bolt holes 107 are provided in the front wall 71 of the case 57. As shown in FIG. 4, the front side wall portion 71 (rotating case 39) is connected to the flange 113 on the joint 111 side by bolts 109 screwed into these bolt holes 107, and the rotating case 39 is propeller-driven. It is connected to the shaft 19 side.

The core 79 and the flange 83 of the electromagnet 55 are connected to a lead-out passage 117 (reel) bent radially from the axial direction.
A grommet 119 is attached to the opening of the lead wire.

The lead wire 115 is drawn radially through the lead-out path 117 and the grommet 119, and is connected to a connector on the vehicle-mounted battery by a connector 121.

As shown in FIG. 3, the lead-out passage 117 of the flange portion 83 is arranged between the bolt holes 85 in the circumferential direction, and prevents interference with the bolt holes 85.

The main clutch 43 is arranged between the rotating case 39 and the hub 41.

The control clutch 45 is disposed between the rotating case 39 and the cam ring 47, and the armature 53 lowers the rotating case 39 as described later.
And is fastened by the tab 59 and fastened.

The ball cam 49 is disposed between the cam ring 47 and the pressure plate 51.

A thrust bearing 123 for receiving a cam reaction force of the ball cam 49 and a washer 125 are disposed between the cam ring 47 and the rotor 59.

The armature 53 has a disk shape, is disposed between the control clutch 45 and the pressure plate 51, and has the main clutch 43 and the control clutch 4
5 is connected to a spline 127 on the inner periphery of the rotating case 39 with which each outer plate is engaged so as to be movable in the axial direction.

Further, the armature 53 faces the pressure plate 51 on the inner peripheral side thereof at a small predetermined interval, and the position thereof is regulated so as not to be separated from the control clutch 45, and the spline 127 is also provided. The position on the outer peripheral side is regulated by being connected to the, and the attraction control by the electromagnet 55 is enhanced.

The core 79 of the electromagnet 55 penetrates into the concave portion 129 provided in the rotor 59, and the air gap 131
Is formed.

The air gap 131 is provided so that the armature 53 is sucked with sufficient strength.
By changing the mounting position of the core 79 and the rotor 59 in the axial direction according to 7, the adjustment is made to the optimum value.

The rotating case 39 is composed of the case 57 and the rotor 5
9, the seal ring 67, the hub 41 and the rotating case 3
9 and the X-rings 73 and 74 between them form a sealed state, and a sealed space is formed therein.

Oil is injected into the sealed space from an oil supply channel 133 provided in the front wall 71 of the rotating case 39. The oil supply passage 133 is sealed by press-fitting a sealing ball 135 after injecting oil. Also, a special oil different from the oil of the differential carrier 37 is used for this oil.

The filling rate of the exclusive oil is at a level of 50% to 90%, preferably at a level of 70% to 85% with respect to the total capacity of the sealed space. Also, the rest of the sealed space is occupied by air.

This filling rate is an oil level at which the spline portion 137 on the inner circumference side of the control clutch 45, that is, the outer circumference of the cam ring 47 is immersed while the rotating case 39 is rotating. It is determined to satisfy various conditions such as the ability to absorb the internal pressure when the temperature of the rotating case 39 rises.

When the coupling 1 rotates, the enclosed oil circulates inside the sealed space, and the main clutch 43
And the sliding surface of each plate of the control clutch 45,
Sliding surface between cam ring 47 and hub 41, ball cam 4
9. Lubricate and cool the thrust bearing 123 and the washer 125, etc.

The centrifugal force of the coupling 1 promotes the flow and diffusion of the oil, that is, the oil circulation action, and greatly improves the lubricity and the cooling property.

[0125] The inner pre-
The opening 139 is provided in the pressure
The through hole 141 is provided in the gate 51.

The movement of oil is promoted by the opening 139 and the through hole 141, and the lubrication and cooling effects are further improved.

The pressure plate 51 has a through hole 14.
1 is to reduce the resistance of the oil received by the pressure plate 51 to improve the pressing response of the main clutch 43, to facilitate the movement of the oil to the main clutch 43 side, and to improve the lubricity and cooling of the main clutch 43. Have improved.

A cylindrical dust cover-143 is fixed to the core 79 of the electromagnet 55. This dust cover-1
A minute gap is formed between the distal end of the case 43 and the outer periphery of the case 57 to prevent foreign matter such as muddy water and dust from entering from outside.

The dust cover-143 is made uneven,
A labyrinth seal may be formed between the casing and the case 57, or a labyrinth seal may be used.

By providing a small gap between the dust cover-143 and the case 57 in this manner, a pressure difference between the inside and outside is prevented, foreign substances are prevented from being sucked, and sealing performance is further improved. Can be enhanced.

A contact-type seal may be arranged between the case 57 and the core 79.

An oil seal 147 is arranged between the boss 145 of the rotating case 39 and the differential carrier 37.

The oil seal 147 prevents the oil sealed in the differential carrier 37 from leaking outside.

The X-ring 74 and the oil seal 147 prevent the oil of the differential carrier 37 from entering the sealed space of the rotating case 39, and the oil of the differential carrier 37 and the oil sealed in the rotating case 39 are removed. Since these are prevented from being mixed with each other, an oil suitable for each application can be selected as these oils.

The oil on the side of the differential carrier 37 lubricates and cools the sliding portion of the rear differential 21, the meshing portion between the drive pinion gear 103 and the ring gear 105, the angular contact bearings 80 and 81, the needle bearing 69, and the like.

The differential carrier 37 is provided with an oil drain groove 149, and the oil lubricating the needle bearing 69 and the angular contact bearings 80 and 81 returns to the oil reservoir from the drain groove 149 and circulates. Promoted, improve lubrication and cooling effect.

A space 151 is provided on the inner periphery of the hub 41. Therefore, an oil seal is arranged between the rear end side of the hub 41 and the drive pinion shaft 75 to shut off the oil on the differential carrier 37 side, and as shown by a broken line, a radial oil passage 153 is formed in the hub 41. Is provided, the oil capacity of the sealed space is increased, and the lubrication and cooling effects are improved.

The oil in the space 151 flows out to the main clutch 43 through the oil passage 153 by centrifugal force, and the lubrication and cooling effects of the main clutch 43 are improved.

The differential carrier 37 includes an oil seal 14.
7, an air chamber 155 (air volume increasing space) is provided which is isolated from the oil on the differential carrier 37 side.

The air chamber 155 has an air gap 131.
Communicates with the dust cover-143 side to absorb the pressure difference between the outside and the inside, greatly improving the effect of reducing the pressure difference.

Further, in the coupling 1 exposed to the outside, the capacity of the space for reducing the pressure difference while satisfying the lubrication conditions of the drive pinion shaft 75 and the like is increased by the air chamber 1.
55 to the maximum.

Further, the oil seal 147 is provided in the rotating case 3.
In addition to the boss 145 of the ninth embodiment, for example, it may be arranged between the differential carrier 37 and the drive pinion shaft 75, the outer race of the bearing, the nut, or the like.

The controller detects turning based on the vehicle speed, steering angle, lateral G, and the like, or performs excitation of the electromagnet 55, control of the excitation current, and stop of excitation according to the road surface condition and the like.

When the electromagnet 55 is excited, a magnetic loop 157 is formed, the armature 53 is attracted, and the control clutch 45 is pressed against the rotor 59 to be fastened. When the control clutch 45 is engaged, the torque between the rotating case 39 and the hub 41 is increased by the ball cam 49.
, The main clutch 43 is pressed via the pressure plate 51 by the generated cam thrust force and is engaged.

When the coupling 1 is connected in this manner,
The driving force of the engine is sent to the rear wheels, and the vehicle is driven in a four-wheel drive state, so that the running performance on rough roads and the stability of the vehicle body are improved.

When the exciting current of the electromagnet 55 is controlled,
Ball cam 4 according to the slip of control clutch 45
9 changes, the coupling force of the main clutch 43 (the transmission torque of the coupling 1) changes, and the driving force of the rear wheels is adjusted.

By controlling the driving force distribution ratio between the front and rear wheels in this way, for example, the steerability and stability of the vehicle during turning are improved.

When the excitation of the electromagnet 55 is stopped, the control clutch 45 is released, the cam thrust force of the ball cam 49 disappears, the main clutch 43 is released and the connection of the coupling 1 is released. It becomes a two-wheel drive state.

A ring 159 of a non-magnetic material such as stainless steel is disposed on the rotor 59 of the rotating case 39, and the rear rotor 59 is magnetically insulated outside and inside the ring 159. are doing. Further, each plate of the control clutch 45 has an opening 161 and a bridge portion.

The ring 159 and the opening 161 prevent magnetic leakage from the magnetic loop 157, and the magnetic force of the electromagnet 55 concentrates on the armature 53.

As described above, the armature 53 is a free member positioned axially and radially between adjacent members. Since the portion having the outer peripheral portion having a lower magnetic flux density than the magnetic loop 157 has substantially no influence on the attraction force of the armature 53.

When the coupling 1 is connected, the driving force of the engine 3 is transmitted from the case 57 of the rotating case 39 to the hub 41 through the main clutch 43, and from the case 57 to the control. Luc clutch 45, ball cam 49,
The pressure is transmitted to the hub 41 through the pressure plate 51.

As described above, the rotor 59 of the rotating case 39 is used.
Are excluded from the torque transmission path, including the ring 159 of a non-magnetic material, and do not participate in the transmission of torque.

In this manner, the rotor 59 is released from the requirement for strength, and a material having excellent magnetic permeability can be selected.

On the other hand, the case 57 is excluded from the magnetic circuit as a torque transmission path and is released from the requirement of magnetic permeability, so that a material having excellent strength can be selected.

As described above, the case 57 and the rotor 59 are
Each is released from excessive requirements, and materials can be selected according to requirements such as strength and magnetic permeability,
The performance of the coupling 1 is correspondingly improved, and expensive materials are not used, resulting in low cost.

The coupling 1 corresponds to the arrow 16 in FIG.
3 shows that the transfer 7 and the propeller shaft 1
9 may be arranged.

In this case, the rear wheels 27 and 29 are disposed similarly to the case where the rear wheels are disposed between the propeller shaft 19 and the rear differential 21.
Connection and disconnection and torque control.

The coupling 1 is indicated by arrows 165 and 16
As shown by 7, it may be arranged between the front differential 9 and the front axles 11 and 13, and as shown by an arrow 169,
It may be arranged in combination with a gear mechanism in the transfer 7, and may be arranged between the rear differential 21 and the rear axles 23 and 25 as indicated by arrows 171 and 173.

When the couplings 1 are connected, the vehicle enters the four-wheel drive state when the couplings 1 are connected, and when the connection is released, the differential rotation of the front differential 9 becomes free, and the front wheels 15 and 167 become free. The transmission of the driving force to 17 is stopped, and the vehicle enters the two-wheel drive state.

In the case where it is arranged at the position of arrow 169,
As described above, a function equivalent to that when the propeller shaft 19 and the rear differential 21 are disposed is obtained.

When the couplings 1 are connected, the vehicle enters the four-wheel drive state when the couplings 1 are connected. When the connection is released, the differential rotation of the rear differential 21 becomes free, and the rear wheels 21 The transmission of the driving force to 27 and 29 is stopped, and the vehicle enters the two-wheel drive state.

In this case, if the transfer 7 is provided with a clutch (2-4 switching device) for interrupting the driving force to cut off the driving force transmitted to the rear wheels 27 and 29, The power transmission system can be kept completely stationary, and the fuel efficiency of the engine 3 is improved.

Thus, the coupling 1 is configured.

As described above, the coupling 1 has the lead wire 115 of the electromagnet 55 drawn out from the grommet 119 attached to the lead-out passage 117 of the core 79.
Grommet 539 is attached to cover 525 of differential carrier 521.
Unlike the conventional example, the structure of the portion for drawing out the lead wire 115 is simple and the cost can be reduced accordingly.

Further, by directly leading the lead wire 115 from the lead-out path 117 of the core 79, the lead wire 115
The drawability and the degree of freedom in the drawing direction are greatly improved.

Further, since the lead-out path 117 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the core 79, the lead wire 115 can be pulled out in the radial direction without difficulty, and the lead wire 11 drawn out
5, the degree of freedom in connection is also improved.

For these reasons, it is easy to avoid interference between the lead wire 115 and peripheral members such as joints and suspension members, so that the breakage of the lead wire 115 is prevented and the lead wire 115 is prevented from being damaged. The degree of freedom in designing the layout for avoiding the interference between 115 and peripheral members is improved.

Since the core 79 of the electromagnet 55 is fixed to the opening of the differential carrier 37 and is exposed to the outside, the core 79 is sufficiently cooled by the outside air.

Further, since the flange portion 83 of the core 79 is in contact with the differential carrier 37 over a large area, the heat of the core 79 is released from the differential carrier 37 to the outside by heat conduction, and the core 79 is cooled.

Due to these cooling effects, the temperature of the electromagnet 55 is prevented from rising excessively, the exciting current and the attractive force of the armature 53 are stabilized, and the function of controlling the transmission torque is improved.

Since the core 79 of the electromagnet 55 is fixed to the differential carrier 37 by bolts 87, the engagement groove 531
Unlike the conventional example requiring a rotation preventing mechanism including the engaging hole 533 and the rotation stopping pin 535, the structure is simpler and the cost is lower.

Further, since the core 79 is bolted, it is possible to install the core 79 in the axial direction like the fitting portion 529 of the conventional example.
No parts are required.

Accordingly, the coupling 1 is axially compact, lighter, and more easily mounted on the vehicle.

Further, a lead wire 115 provided on the core 79 is provided.
The drawer 117 and the mounting portion (bolt hole 85) for the bolt 87 are provided in the circumferential direction with respect to each other.
And the bolt holes 85 are prevented from interfering with each other, and workability when tightening the bolt 87 is greatly improved.

The core 79 is fixed to the opening of the differential carrier 37 and is exposed to the outside, and the rotating case 39 is supported on the core 79 by the bearing 97.
9 is exposed to the outside.

Therefore, the rotating case 39 is sufficiently cooled by the outside air, and the deterioration of the oil sealed in the internal sealed space due to the rise in temperature is prevented, so that the main clutch 43, the control clutch 45, the ball Lucham 49,
The lubricating effect and the cooling effect of the thrust bearing 123, the washer 125 and other sliding parts are kept high, and the durability is improved.

The oil cooled to the outside air circulates through the rotating case 39, so that the internal temperature becomes uniform. For example, the clutches 43 and 45 and the bearing 123
Since the heat generating portion is effectively cooled, the lubricating effect and the cooling effect are further improved.

The coupling 1 is extremely easy to assemble since the work can be performed in a wide space by exposing it to the outside, and there is no support structure for the differential carrier 37.

The rotating case 39 is supported by the differential carrier 37 via the drive pinion shaft 75 because it is supported via a bearing 95 at the tip of a drive pinion shaft 75 that passes through the hub 41. .

Shaft shake is likely to occur at the end remote from the differential carrier 37, but since this end is supported by the differential carrier 37, the support strength of the rotating case 39 is greatly improved. It is extremely effective and maintains normal function for a long time.

Since the rotating case 39 supported by the drive pinion shaft 75 does not need to be supported by the differential carrier 37, the case covering the coupling 1 is not required.
By removing the singing portion, the configuration in which the coupling 1 is exposed to the outside can be easily implemented, and the above-described effect by exposing the coupling 1 to the outside can be easily obtained.

Further, the diameter of the bearing 95 for supporting the rotating case 39 at the tip of the drive pinion shaft 75 is made smaller than the diameter of the bearing 97 for supporting the rotating case 39 on the core 79 of the electromagnet 55. Ring 1
The diameter of the tip can be reduced, and the moment of inertia at the tip can be reduced.

Therefore, the shaft deflection of the coupling 1 is further reduced, and the vibration is suppressed.

Also, by making the tip of the coupling 1 small in diameter, interference with peripheral members such as joints and suspension members is prevented, and damage to the coupling 1 is prevented. The degree of freedom of layout for avoiding interference with the layout is improved.

As described above, since the coupling 1 has a high supporting strength, it is thin and lightweight, such as a cover of a press-formed sheet metal or a cover of a resin, which is not intended to support the coupling. A cover may be attached to the stationary casing to cover the coupling, forming a fluid space between the cover and the coupling.

In this way, the cover protects the coupling from obstacles that fly while traveling, and
If a cooling fluid is sealed in the fluid space, a greater cooling effect can be obtained.

[Second Embodiment] Next, a coupling 201 according to a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

This coupling 201 is characterized in that
5, 6, 7, and 8 are provided. FIG. 5 shows a coupling 201, and FIG. 6 shows a power system of a four-wheel drive vehicle using the coupling 201. The left and right directions are the left and right directions of the vehicle, and the left side of FIG. 5 corresponds to the front of the vehicle. In addition, members and the like without reference numerals are not shown.

The coupling 201 is disposed between the rear wheel propeller shaft 19 and the rear differential 21 of the vehicle shown in FIG. 6, similarly to the coupling 1 of the above embodiment, and is connected to the rear wheels 27 and 29. And the transmission torque is controlled.

In the following, mainly the differences will be described while giving the same reference numerals to the same functional members as those of the coupling 1.

The coupling 201 includes a rotating case 39,
Hub 41, main clutch 43, control clutch 45, cam ring 47, ball cam 49, pressure plate 51, armature 53, electromagnet 55, control
It is composed of LA and the like.

The coupling 201 has a front cover 203 fixed to the differential carrier 37 by bolts 87.
(Static side casing).

The core 79 of the electromagnet 55 is
7 and the front cover 203 are fixed with an exposed flange portion 83 (fixed portion) therebetween.

As described above, the differential carrier 37 and the core 7
9 is centered by a knock pin 93 before being fixed, and the front cover 203 is fitted to the core 79 by a fitting portion 205 provided between the front cover 203 and the core 79 and is centered.

The front end of the rotating case 39 is connected to the front cover 203 by ball bearings 207 on both sides of the seal.
It is supported by

Further, a dust cover 209 is attached to the front end of the rotating case 39. Dust cover-20
9 extends to the end face in the axial direction of the front cover 203, and covers the space between the rotating case 39 and the front cover 203, so that an obstacle flying during running and the ball bearing 207 collide. Is prevented, and the ball bearing 207 is protected.

The hub 41 has a front end with a needle bearing 211 (small diameter bearing) and a rear end with a needle.
Each of the rotating cases 39 is provided by a dollar bearing 69.
It is supported by

Further, the hub 41 is fixed to the drive pinion shaft 75 between the lock nut 99 and the angular contact bearing 80.

The angular contact bearings 80 and 81 for supporting the drive pinion shaft 75 are
A lock nut 99 screwed to the tip of the drive pinion shaft 75 is pressurized through the hub 41, the respective radial gaps are appropriately adjusted and centered, and the movement in the axial direction is restricted.

An air chamber 213 is provided between the rotary case 39 and the front cover 203 and is isolated from oil on the rear differential 21 side by an oil seal 147.

Note that the coupling 201 also has arrows 163 and 16 in FIG. 6 similarly to the coupling 1 of the first embodiment.
5, 167, 169, 171 and 173. In any case, the transmission of the driving force to the front wheels and the rear wheels is interrupted by a function equivalent to that of the coupling 1 to reduce the transmitted driving force. Control.

[0203] Thus, the coupling 201 is formed.

As described above, in the coupling 201,
The rotating case 39 has a front end supported by the front cover 203 by a bearing 207 and a rear end supported by the core 79 by a bearing 97. The hub 41 is connected to the differential carrier 37 via a drive pinion shaft 75.
It is supported by

As described above, the rotating case 39 and the hub 41
Are properly positioned both in the radial direction and the axial direction, and since no axial force is applied between them, the needle bearings 69 and 211 are used as bearings between each other. It can be used.

The use of the needle bearings 69 and 211 makes the coupling 201 smaller and lighter, so that interference with peripheral members can be avoided and the mountability is improved.

[0207] Also, by being accommodated in the front cover 203, the coupling 2 can be prevented from flying obstacles during traveling.
01 is protected.

Also, the rotating case 39 and the front cover 20
If the cooling fluid is sealed in the air chamber 213 between the three, the coupling 201 is sufficiently cooled, the temperature change of the electromagnet 55 is prevented, the attraction force of the armature 53 is stabilized, and the transmission torque control function is improved. improves.

[0209] The cooling effect prevents deterioration of the sealed oil, and the main clutch 43, the control clutch 45, the ball cam 49, and the thrust bearing 12
3. The lubricating effect and the cooling effect of the washer 125 and the like are kept high, and the durability is improved.

In addition, the coupling 201 has the same effect as the coupling 1 except for the features of the coupling 1 of the first embodiment.

[Third Embodiment and Fourth Embodiment] Next, a third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 7, and a fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, members and the like without reference numerals are not shown.

In these embodiments, the lead-out direction of the lead wire 115 of the electromagnet 55 is changed in the coupling 1 of the above-described embodiment.
4, 5, 7, 8 are provided.

In the third embodiment shown in FIG. 7, through the core 79 of the electromagnet 55 and the exposed flange portion 83 (fixed portion),
Lead-out paths 251 and 253 (lead-out portions for lead wires) communicating with each other are provided. The lead-out path 251 is provided in the axial direction, and the lead-out path 253 is provided diagonally in the axial direction, and a grommet 119 is attached to an opening thereof.

The lead wire 115 is connected to these lead-out paths 25.
1 and 253, it is pulled out obliquely in the axial direction from the grommet 119, and is connected to a connector on the vehicle-mounted battery side by a connector 121.

In the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 8, an axial lead-out path 255 (lead wire lead-out part) is provided through the core 79 and the exposed flange part 83 (fixed part).
A grommet 119 is attached to the opening.

The differential carrier 37 has a drawer 25
5 are provided.

The lead wire 115 is connected to these lead-out paths 255.
And through the through hole 257, is drawn out from the grommet 119 in the axial direction, and is connected to the connector on the vehicle-mounted battery side by the connector 121.

As in the third and fourth embodiments, in the present invention, the lead wire 115 can be drawn in any direction, and the degree of freedom in connection of the lead wire 115 is large.

For these reasons, the lead wire 115 can easily avoid interference with peripheral members such as joints and suspension members, so that the lead wire 115 is prevented from being damaged and the layout of the coupling is reduced. The degree of freedom in design is greatly improved.

[0220]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the structure of the portion for drawing out the lead wire of the electromagnet is simple and the cost is low.

The use of the grommet is optional, and if not used, the number of parts is reduced and the cost is further reduced.

Further, even when the grommet is used, the grommet can be attached to the drawer portion of the core. Therefore, unlike the conventional example, it is not necessary to process the mounting portion of the grommet on the stationary side casing. Is simpler and the cost is lower.

Further, since the leadability of the lead wire and the degree of freedom in the direction in which the lead is drawn are greatly improved, and the degree of freedom in connection of the drawn lead wire is greatly improved, the lead wire and the peripheral members are greatly improved. Interference with the lead wire can be easily avoided, breakage of the lead wire can be prevented, and the degree of freedom in designing the layout of the lead wire and peripheral members can be greatly improved.

Further, the lead wire lead-out portion is exposed to the outside,
Since the core is cooled by the outside air and the heat of the core is released to the outside from the stationary casing by heat conduction, the temperature change of the electromagnet is reduced, and the function of controlling the transmission torque is improved.

[0225] The coupling according to claim 2 is a reed of an electromagnet.
By pulling out the lead wire directly from the lead-out portion of the core, the same effect as the coupling of the first aspect is obtained.

In the differential device according to the third aspect, the same effects as those of the first and second aspects are obtained by directly leading the lead wire of the electromagnet from the lead portion of the core.

The invention according to claim 4 is the invention according to claims 1 to 3.
And the case-like torque transmitting member exposed to the outside is sufficiently cooled by the outside air to prevent deterioration of the sealed oil, thereby improving the lubricating effect, cooling effect and durability. I do.

Further, the coupling exposed to the outside can work in a wide space and has no bearing structure between the torque transmitting member and the stationary casing, so that the coupling is extremely easy to assemble.

The invention of claim 5 is the invention of claims 1 to 4
In addition to obtaining the same effect as any one of the above, the structure is simple and the cost is low since the mechanism for stopping the rotation of the core is unnecessary.

[0230] Further, since the axial inset portion is not required, the size and the size are reduced in the axial direction, and the mountability is improved.

[0231] Further, since the shaft is made compact in the axial direction, shaft shake is reduced accordingly.

Further, interference between the drawer portion and the bolt hole is prevented, and workability when tightening the bolt is greatly improved.

The invention of claim 6 is the invention of claims 1 to 5
In addition to obtaining the same effect as any one of the above, the lead wire drawn in the radial direction makes it easy to avoid interference with the peripheral member, prevents breakage, and has a design related to the layout of the lead wire and the peripheral member. The degree of freedom is greatly improved.

Further, the degree of freedom in connection of the lead wire thus drawn is greatly improved.

The invention of claim 7 is the invention of claims 1 to 6
In addition to obtaining the same effect as any one of the above, the supporting strength of the coupling is greatly improved by supporting the distal end side of the torque transmitting member on the stationary casing through the connecting shaft, so that the effect of suppressing shaft shake is reduced. Extremely high, functioning normally over a long period of time.

Also, since the torque transmitting member supported on the connecting shaft does not need to be supported by the stationary casing, the coupling is exposed to the outside by removing the surrounding stationary casing. The configuration of the fourth aspect is easy to implement, and the effect of the fourth aspect is easily obtained.

In the structure in which the case-like torque transmitting member is exposed to the outside, the sealed oil cooled by the outside air circulates and the internal temperature becomes uniform, so that the heat-generating portion such as the clutch is effectively cooled. In addition, the cooling effect and the lubrication effect are further improved.

According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, the same effect as that of the seventh aspect is obtained, and the diameter of the bearing for supporting the torque transmitting member at the distal end of the connecting shaft is reduced, so that the distal end of the coupling is reduced in diameter. The inertia moment can be reduced.

If the moment of inertia at the tip is reduced, the shaft runout of the coupling is further reduced, and vibration is suppressed.

If the tip of the coupling is made small,
Interference with the peripheral member is easily prevented, and the degree of freedom in designing the layout of the coupling and the peripheral member is greatly improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a coupling according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a main part of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a skeleton mechanism diagram showing a power system of a four-wheel drive vehicle using the coupling of the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a coupling according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a skeleton mechanism diagram showing a power system of a four-wheel drive vehicle using the coupling of the second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a main part of a third embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing a main part of a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view of a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Coupling exposed outside 37 Diff carrier (static side casing) 39 Rotating case (casing torque transmitting member) 41 Hub (axial torque transmitting member) 43 Multi-plate type main clutch 45 Multi-plate type control -Leg clutch 49 Ball cam (cam) 53 Armature 55 Electromagnet 75 Drive pinion shaft (connection shaft) 79 Core of electromagnet 87 Bolt for fixing the core to the differential carrier 95 Supporting a rotating case at the tip side of the drive pinion shaft Bearing (small-diameter bearing) 97 Bearing for supporting a rotating case on a differential carrier via a core 115 Lead wire of an electromagnet 117 Lead wire lead-out path (lead portion) provided on the outer peripheral side of the core 201 Cup Ring 207 Bearing (supporting rotating case on differential carrier) 211 N Dollar bearing (small diameter bearing)

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A case-like torque transmitting member, a shaft-like torque transmitting member penetrating the case-like torque transmitting member, a clutch disposed between the two torque transmitting members, and a case-like torque transmitting member. An electromagnet for moving the armature from outside the torque transmitting member to press and connect the clutch, and a stationary side
And a core of the electromagnet is fixed to the stationary casing at a fixed portion exposed to the outside, and one of the torque transmitting members is rotatably supported by the core. A coupling characterized in that a lead wire of an electromagnet is directly drawn out of a drawer provided on a core. 2. A case-like torque transmitting member, a shaft-like torque transmitting member penetrating into the case-like torque transmitting member, a main clutch disposed between the two torque transmitting members, and a case. An electromagnet for moving the armature from outside of the torque transmitting member, a control clutch pressed and connected to the armature, and receiving a transmission torque between the two torque transmitting members when the control clutch is connected. A cam that operates to connect the main clutch and a stationary side case
And a core of the electromagnet is fixed to the stationary casing at a fixed portion exposed to the outside, and one of the torque transmitting members is rotatably supported by the core. A coupling characterized in that a lead wire of an electromagnet is directly drawn out of a drawer provided on a core. 3. A case which is rotated by a driving force of an engine.
A torque transmission member, a differential mechanism for distributing the rotation of the case torque transmission member to the wheels via a pair of shaft torque transmission members, and a differential mechanism between any two of the torque transmission members. A clutch arranged, an electromagnet for moving the armature from outside the case-shaped torque transmitting member to press and connect the clutch, and a stationary casing, wherein the core of the electromagnet is exposed to the outside A fixed portion is fixed to the stationary casing, one of the two torque transmitting members is rotatably supported by the core, and a lead wire of the electromagnet is provided on the core. A differential device which is directly drawn out of the device. 4. The coupling according to claim 1, wherein the case-like torque transmitting member is exposed to the outside, or
Differential device. 5. The invention according to claim 1, wherein the core of the electromagnet is fixed to the stationary casing by bolts, and the core is provided on the core. -A coupling or a differential device, wherein a lead-out portion of the wire is provided between the bolts in the circumferential direction. 6. The coupling according to claim 1, wherein the lead wire lead-out portion is provided on an outer peripheral side of the core. ,
Or, a differential device. 7. The invention according to claim 1, wherein the connecting shaft supported by the stationary casing includes a case-shaped torque transmitting member and an axial torque transmitting member. One of these torque transmitting members penetrates the member, and one of the torque transmitting members is supported via a bearing at the tip of the connecting shaft, and oil is sealed inside the case-shaped torque transmitting member. Or a differential device. 8. The invention according to claim 7, wherein the bearing for supporting the torque transmitting member at the tip of the connecting shaft has a smaller diameter than the bearing for supporting the torque transmitting member on the core of the electromagnet. Coupling or differential device.