JPH04267956A - Centrifuge - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a centrifuge whose acceleration and deceleration characteristics are set to the optimum characteristics in the separation of a sample regardless of the kind of a rotor to be used in such a case that two or more kinds of rotors are used in a replaceable manner. CONSTITUTION:A control circuit 4 receives the rotor kind data discriminated by a rotor discriminating circuit 6 through a rotor kind setting device 8 constituted so that the kind of a rotor 1 is arbitrarily set by a user or a rotor detector 7 automatically detecting the kind of the rotor 1 and takes out the optimum acceleration and deceleration data of the rotor 1 from a rotary characteristic memory part 5 to control a motor 2. By this constitution, a highly accurate centrifuge having acceleration and deceleration characteristics set to the optimum characteristics in the separation of a sample regardless of the kind of the rotor to be used in such a case that two or more kinds of rotors are used in a replaceable manner and enhanced in reproducibility and reliability can be obtained.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a centrifuge in which a plurality of types of rotors are used interchangeably.

0002

[Prior Art] Conventionally, centrifuges have been used, for example, in
As described in Publication No. 8379, the rotation speed control circuit makes the acceleration/deceleration characteristics variable in the low speed range (for example, 1,000 RPM or less) and can linearly accelerate/decelerate in the low speed range within a range of one minute to several minutes. It was controlled.

FIG. 2 is an acceleration characteristic diagram of a centrifuge.

In FIG. 2, "characteristic H" is an acceleration characteristic when a certain rotor is accelerated at the fastest speed, and characteristic "L" is an acceleration characteristic suitable for separating a sample filled in the rotor. N
mmin is the minimum rotational speed at which the control circuit can detect the rotational speed of the motor via the rotational speed detector. In addition, the rotation speed N
It has a steep rise characteristic above Ns.
In the above range, the turbulence of the mixed solution containing the sample is no longer relevant to the acceleration characteristics, and the slope is the same as "characteristic H" to shorten the centrifugal special time. Usually, Ns = 500 to 1
,000RPM, ts=3 to 7 minutes.

[0005] According to the conventional centrifuge, "characteristic L
'', it is possible to obtain good acceleration characteristics suitable for sample separation in a region where the control circuit can detect the rotation speed of the motor (Nm min or more).

[0006]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, according to the conventional centrifuge, there is a region where the rotational speed of the motor cannot be detected (Nmm
(in or less), the acceleration characteristics vary greatly depending on the size of the rotor, that is, the load on the motor. To explain this in detail, in FIG. 3, it is assumed that the moments of inertia of rotors A, B, and C are Ia, Ib, and Ic, respectively, and that they have the following relationship [Equation 1]. Ia<Ib<Ic...... [Formula 1] Then, if the optimum acceleration characteristic is executed for rotor B, rotor A, which has a small load, will have a steep rise up to Nm min, and the motor rotation speed will be detected. Once this is possible, the predetermined acceleration characteristics can be obtained. Also, when the rotor C, which has a large load, is accelerated, the acceleration torque necessary for starting is not obtained at first, and it does not rotate until tco, and then the motor starts to rotate, but it rotates very slowly until Nm min. This results in acceleration characteristics. That is,
If the time required for rotors A, B, and C to reach Nm min is ta, tb, and tc, respectively, then ta<tb<tc
becomes. Similarly, when decelerating, in the rotation speed range below Nm min, if the rotor has the optimum deceleration characteristics as shown in Fig. 4, when rotors A and C are operated with different loads, sudden deceleration occurs. , resulting in slow deceleration. That is, rotors A, B, and C are Nm
The time from min to stopping is toa and to, respectively.
b, toc, toa<tob<toc.

[0007] Since the rotational speed of the motor can be detected above Nm min, the acceleration/deceleration characteristics of the centrifuge are controlled by the detected rotational speed of the motor, and the predetermined acceleration/deceleration characteristics are maintained regardless of the size of the rotor. is obtained.

As described above, according to the conventional centrifuge, in the low speed range where the rotational speed of the motor cannot be detected, the acceleration and deceleration characteristics become steep or slow depending on the size of the rotor, and the sample inside the rotor is This causes disturbance in the mixed solution. When a rotor with a large load is used, there is a problem in that the acceleration/deceleration time becomes long.

An object of the present invention is to eliminate the drawbacks of the prior art described above, and to solve the problem when a plurality of types of rotors are used interchangeably.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a centrifuge whose acceleration/deceleration characteristics are optimal for sample separation regardless of the type of rotor used.

0010

[Means for Solving the Problems] The object is to provide a rotor that takes in rotor type information, determines the rotor type, and outputs the information to a control circuit in a centrifuge that uses multiple types of rotors interchangeably. This is achieved by including a discrimination circuit and a rotation characteristic storage section that stores acceleration characteristic data and deceleration characteristic data for each type of rotor.

[0011] The optimum characteristics of acceleration and deceleration are determined by motor control based on the unique properties of the rotor used, such as moment of inertia, critical mass, maximum outer diameter, statistical acceleration/deceleration time, centrifugation time, etc. This can be obtained by distinguishing the data, storing the thus differentiated control data in a storage section in advance, and extracting the control data that matches the type information of the rotor used to control the motor.

0012

[Operation] In the above configuration, when multiple rotors of different types are replaced and used, the control circuit receives the rotor type information discriminated by the rotor discrimination circuit, and stores the rotor's optimum acceleration/deceleration data in rotation characteristics. control the motor by pulling it out from the section.

[0013] The optimum acceleration/deceleration data for a rotor is created by creating optimum values for the starting torque, acceleration torque, and deceleration torque of the rotor using parameters such as the unique properties of the rotor used, such as the moment of inertia. I have already mentioned this point.

[0014]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be explained below based on the drawings.

In FIG. 1 showing an embodiment of the centrifuge of the present invention, a rotor 1 for centrifuging a sample mixture solution is rotationally driven by a motor 2, and the rotation speed of the motor 2 is controlled by a control circuit 4. The rotation of the motor 2 is detected by a rotation speed detector 3, and the rotation signal thus detected is taken into a control circuit 4. Note that the rotation speed detector 3 may detect the rotation of the rotor 1 instead of the motor 2.

[0016] The motor 2 is configured so that a plurality of rotors of different types can be replaced and installed, and the type of the rotor 1 can be distinguished and rotational speed control for acceleration and deceleration can be performed for each rotor. Therefore, in the case of the illustrated embodiment, the rotor discrimination circuit 6 operates through a rotor type setting device 8 that allows the user to arbitrarily set the type of rotor used, or has a function to automatically detect the rotor type. Rotor type information is taken in via a rotor detector 7 having a rotor detector 7. Then, the rotor discrimination circuit 6 discriminates the type of rotor based on the rotor type information and outputs the information to the control circuit 4.

The rotation characteristic storage section 5 stores acceleration characteristic data and deceleration characteristic data for each type of rotor. When the control circuit 4 receives the rotor type information from the rotor discrimination circuit 6, it retrieves acceleration characteristic data and deceleration characteristic data suitable for the received rotor type from the rotation characteristic storage section 5, and controls the motor 2.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the operation of the control circuit 4 during acceleration, and FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the operation of the control circuit 4 during deceleration.
3 is a flowchart showing the operation of FIG.

In FIGS. 5 and 6, (a) shows the case where rotor type information is input via the rotor type setting device 8.
(b) shows the case where rotor type information is input via the rotor detector 7.

In FIG. 2, if the optimum acceleration characteristic for the rotor 1 is "characteristic L", then there is a region where the rotational speed cannot be detected by the rotational speed detector 3, that is, the rotational speed is Nm mi
In the region below n, this circuit can realize optimal acceleration control for each rotor. To explain this in more detail based on FIG. 3, in FIG. 3, if the acceleration characteristics of rotor B are the optimum characteristics, even in the region of Nm min or less,
Rotors A and C, which are different in terms of load, can be decelerated with the same characteristics as rotor B.

Note that by changing the data in the rotation characteristic storage section 5, the time t in FIG.
ma can be changed.

When the rotational speed reaches a range where the rotational speed can be detected by the rotational speed detector 3, the control circuit 4 determines acceleration and deceleration characteristics based on the detected rotational speed and controls the motor 2.

On the other hand, in FIG. 4, assuming that the deceleration characteristic of rotor B is the optimum characteristic, in the region below Nm min,
Optimal deceleration control for each rotor can be realized by this circuit, and rotors A and C, which have different loads, can be decelerated with the same characteristics as rotor B, and the data in the rotation characteristic storage section 5 can be used in the same way as during acceleration. By changing the time tob-
tmb can be changed.

The present invention can also be applied to a centrifuge that is not equipped with the rotational speed detector 3. In that case, acceleration/deceleration characteristic data in all rotational ranges during rotation of the centrifuge may be provided for each rotor. Just do it.

[0025]

Effects of the Invention The present invention is as described above, and according to the present invention, when a plurality of types of rotors are used interchangeably, the acceleration/deceleration characteristics can be adjusted regardless of the type of rotor used.
It is possible to obtain a high-precision centrifuge with characteristics that are optimal for sample separation, and high reproducibility and reliability.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a centrifuge according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an acceleration characteristic diagram of a centrifuge.

FIG. 3 is an acceleration characteristic diagram when a conventional centrifuge is used with multiple types of rotors exchanged.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing deceleration characteristics when a conventional centrifuge is used with multiple types of rotors being replaced.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the operation of the centrifuge of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 during acceleration.

6 is a flowchart showing the deceleration operation of the centrifuge of the present invention also shown in FIG. 1. FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Rotor. 2 Motor. 3. Rotation speed detector. 4 Control circuit. 5. Rotation characteristic storage section. 6 Rotor discrimination circuit. 7 Rotor detector. 8 Rotor type setting device.

Claims (6)

[Claims] Claim 1: A centrifuge in which multiple types of rotors are used interchangeably, includes a rotor discrimination circuit that takes in rotor type information, discriminates the rotor type, and outputs the information to a control circuit; The control circuit has a rotation characteristic storage unit that stores acceleration characteristic data and deceleration characteristic data, and upon receiving rotor type information from the rotor discrimination circuit, the control circuit stores acceleration characteristic data and deceleration characteristic data that match the received rotor type. A centrifuge characterized in that a motor is controlled by drawing from a rotational characteristic storage section. 2. In claim 1, the control circuit controls the motor by extracting acceleration characteristic data and deceleration data suitable for the type of rotor from the rotation characteristic storage unit in a low speed range where the rotation speed of the centrifuge cannot be detected. A centrifuge characterized by: 3. In claim 1, the control circuit controls the motor by extracting acceleration characteristic data and deceleration characteristic data suitable for the type of rotor from the rotation characteristic storage unit while the centrifuge is rotating. Centrifuge. 4. The centrifuge according to claim 1, further comprising a rotor type setting device that outputs rotor type information arbitrarily set by a user to a rotor discrimination circuit. 5. The centrifuge according to claim 1, further comprising a rotor detector that automatically detects rotor type information and outputs the information to a rotor discrimination circuit. 6. In any one of claims 1 to 3, there is provided a rotor type setting device that outputs rotor type information arbitrarily set by a user to a rotor discrimination circuit, and a rotor type setting device that automatically detects rotor type information. A centrifuge comprising: a rotor detector that outputs the output to a rotor discrimination circuit.