JPH0426233A - Relay device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To prevent the signal loss of a repeater by combining an antenna attached to the outside of a shielding environment in a radiation and transmission region with a tuning means connecting a dipole which makes the reception and transmission the maximum in a plane crossing the axis of the antenna to the radiator of the antenna. CONSTITUTION: A cell repeater 10 is provided with a bar radiator 12 and a base section 14 which is stuck to the outside of the window glass 16 of an automobile with an adhesive. A pair of 1/4-wave radicals 18 is fixed to the base section 14 and, at the same time, extended nearly perpendicularly to the axis of the radiator 12 and connected to each other so that the radicals 18 can become a 1/2-wave dipole. The radicals 18 are coupled with the radiator 12 and assist the passive repeater function for the signals received through the radiator 12 and received from a nearby portable transmitter. Therefore, the gain of the repeater 10 in the horizontal plane can be improved and the communication between an antenna for portable telephone in the automobile and the external dipole can be improved.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a relay device. More specifically, it relates to a radio that communicates between a fixed antenna outside the structure and a transceiver inside the structure.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Wireless communication is difficult if the entire transceiver is located inside a structure that can act as a shield against radiation.6 For example, the interior of a car is difficult to communicate with radio signals emitted outside the car. is cut off from. Furthermore, the transmission of wireless signals from transmitters located inside the vehicle will also be blocked.

A transceiver located inside the vehicle is typically connected by a coaxial cable or other wiring to an antenna mounted outside the vehicle. The radiating and receiving elements of the antenna installed outside the car are capacitively connected to the coaxial cable terminals through the glass window of the car, thus eliminating the need to drill holes in the car body. It has become.

With the increasing use of compartment telephones operating in the 800-100100 frequency range in motor vehicles, the use of glass-through antennas of this type is increasing. This is because compartment telephones preferably use antennas whose masts extend above the roofline of the vehicle for better transmission and reception.

Glass-transparent antennas can be easily mounted near the top of the rear window, and antenna masts can also be installed near the top of the rear window.

It can be extended vertically above the roofline.

Several types of cubicle telephones are in use today. Permanently installed mobile telephones have a direct power connection to the electrical supply of the motor vehicle and are equipped with a coaxial ring to the antenna.

So-called portable compartment telephones are similar telephone units that have a self-contained power supply and a mobile antenna so that they can be carried in a briefcase. The transmit power of both permanent and portable telephones is up to 3.0 watts, and the telephone typically requires the use of a coaxial transmission line to the antenna.

In recent years, compartment telephones have been developed that are small and lightweight and can be held and operated in one hand. I can hold it in my hands,
That is, portable telephones typically have an integral antenna as part of the unit.

and is used with a transmit power of only 0.6 watts.

This type of phone is small and can be carried in a pocket. When used in an open space, a mobile phone can easily communicate with Cell J of the compartment device.However, if you are inside a car and want to use your mobile phone, the metal body of the car may be a barrier to input and output signals. A problem arises because it becomes an object.

This problem is overcome by connecting the mobile unit to an external antenna or by operating the mobile unit through an open window of the car.

In this case, metal objects in the car do not adversely affect the reception pattern or radiation pattern of the antenna.

Commercially available products include Larsen Electronics Inc., Vancouver, Washington, USA.

Model KGB-825 by Larsen (LAR5EN).

Product name)" has an antenna.

This unit is described as a "passive repeater antenna" that passes signals to and from an externally mounted gain antenna element.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, such solutions cannot be considered to take advantage of the low power output from the mobile phone unit; in fact, the radiation pattern from the mobile phone antenna is be. This results in very low radiated power reaching the "repeater" and the outer antenna unit.

Similarly, the energy received by the outer antenna is transferred to a "repeater" and radiated in all directions inside the car. Cell phone antennas pick up only a fraction of the signals they receive.

Furthermore, since the external antenna and internal dipole repeater are capacitively coupled through a glass window, some signal loss is inevitable.

The object of the invention is to provide a repeater that eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks.

(Means for Solving the Problems) According to the present invention, the antenna is mounted in alignment with an external transmitting/receiving antenna that is adhesively attached to a car window.

A directional passive repeater is provided having a dipole and preferably 172 wavelengths. It is best to use the rear window to avoid blocking the driver's view.
Of course, the antenna can be mounted anywhere on the windshield or fixed side window.

In the simplest embodiment of the invention, the dipole is formed from sheet material to increase the surface area inside the vehicle. This increases the gain in the direction perpendicular to the surface by about 2 dB over conventional round wire. The portable unit inside the car is then able to see through the externally mounted dipole and communicate in a transmit/receive mode.

To further increase the gain in the direction of the mobile phone unit and its antenna, one or more additional elements may be provided, for example approximately perpendicular to the antenna and dipole axes and between the dipole and the antenna of the mobile unit. A "reflector" radial that is about 0.58 wavelengths is spaced at least 1710 wavelengths (or multiples thereof) away from the dipole in such a way that the gain for signals being communicated therebetween is increased.

This reflector dipole can also be mounted on the exterior of the car and is communicated with the mobile unit by radiation passing through the glass.

In another embodiment, a second parasitic radial, i.e. a waveguide of at least 0.45 wavelength, is placed inside the car and on the opposite side of the glass, at least 1710 nm from the dipole.
Can be installed far away from the waves.

In yet another embodiment, the directivity of the array can be increased by attaching ancillary elements that act as waveguides or reflectors.

The gain for the signal between the repeater and the mobile unit's antenna may also be increased.

When adding accessory elements, it is important that each element be separated from its neighbors by at least 1/1O wavelength.

For radio frequencies during operation, the glass has no shielding effect, so no capacitive coupling through the glass is required. Therefore, 1 the device according to the present invention is a passive array, and therefore has high directivity and can effectively impart gain to the signal passing between the mobile phone antenna and the external antenna. .

In other embodiments, additional attachment elements can be mounted inside or outside the vehicle to increase the gain and directionality of the array. The reason is that there is no capacitive coupling through the glass, and there is no coupling loss.

(Embodiments) Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these embodiments are merely given as examples and do not limit the present invention.

FIG. 1 shows a compartment repeater (1) in a basic example of the present invention.
0), this repeater (10) is a bar radiator (12)
and a base portion (14) that is attached to the outside of a window glass (16) of an automobile with an adhesive.

The rear window of a car is preferred as the window glass (I6), but it can be installed anywhere as long as it is a non-conducting panel of the car.You can choose to install it on the rear window or backlight, but it can be installed on the side window of the car or It could also be the windshield.

A pair of quarter wavelength radicals (18) are connected to the base part (14
), and extends substantially perpendicular (but not necessarily) to the axis of the bar radiator (12), and is connected to form a 1/2 wavelength dipole.

The radial (18) is coupled to the rod radiator (12) and also to the signal received by the rod radiator (12).

and assists in passive repeater function for signals received from nearby mobile transmitters (not shown).

Figures 2 and 3 show an improved antenna (20) to improve the efficiency of the radial (18).

Instead of using small diameter round wires as radials, we use elongated flat plates (14') at the base (14').
22) is used. It is approximately 1 from the rod radiator (12)
/4 wavelengths and is a dipole.

By using the plate (22), the gain in the horizontal plane can be increased considerably, and therefore, between the mobile phone antenna (24) inside the car and the dipole plate (22) installed outside the car. communication can be improved.

To further increase the gain, another repeater (30) is provided, as shown in FIG. 4, with ancillary elements.

The base part (14') is modified to have two pairs of elements.

The first dipole (2
2) is provided in close proximity to the glass (16), and the second pair of elements (26) is at least 1/10 wavelength separated from the dipole pair, and the presence of the mobile unit is highly visible in a motor vehicle. It acts as a reflector with the sensing gain axis in the direction of the front of the sensor.

In the embodiment of FIG. 5, the same result is achieved using an attached element inside the vehicle for the repeater (40). As shown in WI, a base part (14') containing 174 wavelength segments (22) is fixed to the outside of the glass plate (bar);
And the inner base part (42) has the same pair of ancillary elements (44) which function as wave directors.

The combination is even more sensitive to radiation in the horizontal plane along the inside approximately parallel to the vehicle axis when the base part (14') is fixed to the rear window.

In general, the waveguide element should be no larger than 1/4 wavelength and should be separated from the dipole segment by at least 1710 wavelengths, including the thickness of the glass (16).

FIG. 6 shows a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Here, another antenna (30) shown in FIG. 4 is coupled with an internal base part (42) shown in FIG.
A repeater assembly (50) having a waveguide as an accessory element (44) is formed in the section (42).

This device approximates a highly directional passive dipole array and exhibits significant gain along the sensing axis orthogonal to the attached elements.

As in another embodiment, the spacing between adjacent elements is at least 1/10 wavelength and the effective length of the waveguide is 172
In contrast, the wavelength of the 5 reflector is 1/2 wavelength or more.

In one experimental model, the waveguide was set at 0.45 wavelength, while the radiator was set at 0.58 wavelength.

FIG. 7 is an electrical equivalent circuit diagram of the dipole (18) shown in the first figure connected to the rod radiator [12].

As shown in the figure, the connection is connected to the capacitive component (46)
to one arm of the dipole (18).

It is also connected to the other arm of the dipole (18) via an inductive component (48). The impedance values are calculated for the rod radiator (12) and the dipole (12) at the frequencies of interest.
18) so that an appropriate electrical connection can be made between the

The dipole elements of the other embodiments are electrically equivalent to the dipole shown in the first figure, so the electrical interconnections are the same.

The above is a passive antenna repeater for portable compartment telephones used inside automobiles. A repeater unit in its simplest embodiment comprises a passive dipole connected to a bar radiator with which uninterrupted communication is made with a "cell".

This cell phone operates inside a car, effectively shielding the phone antenna from the cell.

As a result, the telephone antenna and dipole are in direct line of sight communication for receiving and transmitting electrical signals. The signal received by the passive dipole is radiated by the rod radiator, and the signal received by the rod radiator is radiated from the dipole to the internal telephone antenna at a power level low enough not to cause harm to a person. .

In another embodiment, the accessory element is also provided on the body with an external attachment, or with an internal attachment located on the inner surface of the glass of the motor vehicle opposite said external attachment to the body.

Other modifications will occur to those skilled in the art; therefore, the invention is limited only by the scope of the claims appended hereto.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a relay device according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a front view of a relay device according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a side view of the relay device shown in the second figure. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a passive repeater array according to the present invention. FIG. 5 is a side view of a relay device according to another embodiment, showing a state in which parasitic elements are attached to each glass surface of an automobile. Figure 6 shows two parasitic elements on one side of the glass. FIG. 3 is a side view of the relay device according to the invention with one accessory element mounted on the other side; FIG. 7 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a relay device according to the present invention. (10) Compartment repeater (12) Rod radiator (14
) (14') (14') Base part (16) Window glass (18) Radial (20) Antenna (22
) plate (24) mobile phone (26) element (reflector) (30) repeater (40) repeater
(42) Internal base part (44) Attached element
(46) Capacitive component (48) Inductive component
(50) Repeater combination Fig, 1 Rg, 4°

Claims (8)

[Claims] (1) A repeater for use with a transceiver located within a shielded environment having a region that is transparent to electromagnetic radiation, the relay device comprising: (a) a radiator having an axis; and the shielding in the radiation transparent region; (b) a dipole attached to said antenna and extending in a direction to maximize reception and transmission in a plane transverse to the antenna axis; (c) said dipole in combination with tuning means electrically connected to an antenna radiator, thereby enabling a transceiver within a shielded environment to enter into radiant energy communication with said dipole; A relay device characterized in that a radiator enables communication with a remote transmitter and receiver that are in radiant energy communication with the radiator. (2) an accessory element mounted adjacent to the antenna within a shielded environment in the transmission region, said accessory element being at least 1/10 wavelength separated from the dipole and transmitting and receiving in a selected direction; arranged substantially parallel to the dipole in order to increase the
According to claim 1, a gain is applied to a signal transmitted in a selected direction between the relay device and a transceiver inside the shielded environment. Relay device. (3) To enhance transmission and reception in selected directions,
an auxiliary element in the antenna substantially parallel to the dipole for imparting gain to a signal transmitted in a selected direction between the repeater and a transceiver within the shielded environment; The relay device according to claim 1, characterized in that: (4) an accessory element mounted adjacent to the antenna within a shielded environment in the transmission region, said additional element being at least 1/10 wavelength separated from the dipole and transmitting and receiving in selected directions; is arranged substantially parallel to the dipole in order to increase the gain, thereby imparting gain to the signal transmitted in the selected direction between the repeater and the transceiver inside the shielded environment. 4. The relay device according to claim 3, wherein: (5) A repeater for use with a transceiver located within a shielded environment having an area that is transparent to electromagnetic radiation, the repeater comprising: (a) a mast member having a shaft; and (b) a first base member connected to the antenna and adapted to be mounted outside the shielded environment in the radiation-transmitting region; c) attached to the first base member and electrically connected to the antenna via a reactive impedance element, and further connected to the mast axis to maximize transmission and reception in a plane transverse to the mast axis; dipoles extending in a non-parallel direction such that a transceiver within a shielded environment is in radiant energy communication with the dipole, and the mast is in radiant energy communication with the mast. A relay device characterized in that it is capable of communicating with a remote transmitter and receiver that are in a state. (6) an accessory element mounted on a second base member adapted to be mounted adjacent the first base member within the shielded environment in the transmissive region, the accessory element being at least 1/2 inch from the dipole; 10 wavelengths apart and positioned approximately parallel to the dipole to enhance transmission and reception in selected directions, thereby providing a direct connection between the repeater and the transceiver inside the shielded environment. The relay device according to claim 5, wherein a gain is added to the signal transmitted in the selected direction. (7) To enhance transmission and reception in selected directions,
an accessory element on a first base member substantially parallel to the dipole for imparting gain to a signal transmitted in a selected direction between the repeater and a transceiver within the shielded environment; The relay device according to claim 6, characterized in that: (8) an accessory element mounted on a second base member adapted to be mounted adjacent to the first base member within the shielded environment in the transmissive region, the accessory element being at least 1/2 inch from the dipole; 10 wavelengths apart and positioned approximately parallel to the dipole to enhance transmission and reception in selected directions, thereby connecting the repeater equipment to transceivers inside a shielded environment. 8. The relay device according to claim 7, wherein a gain is applied to a signal transmitted in a selected direction between the two directions.