JPH0424483A - Heating device for granular body - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To heat the whole of granular bodies efficiently and continuously to obtain a high quality by heating the granular bodies by an far infrared lay heating means while agitating the granular bodies by an agitating means. CONSTITUTION:Granular bodies are dropped on the belt 5 of a conveyer 4 by a given amount by and by and are heated by a far infrared ray heating means or planar heaters 14, 14... provided under the ceiling of a housing 2 with a predetermined interval. When the granular bodies come to the position of an agitating plate 15, provided between the planar heaters 14 as an agitating means, the granular bodies, colliding against the agitating plate 15, are agitated and divided so as to pass between agitating bodies 16, 16 since the tip end of the agitating body 16 arrives at the upper surface of the belt 5. When the agitated granular bodies arrive at next agitating plate 15, the positions of the agitating bodies 16 of the agitating plate 15 are deviated from the positions of the previous agitating bodies 16 and, therefore, the crests of string type arrangement of the granular bodies, produced by the dividing effect of the previous agitating plate 15, are collided against the agitating bodies 16 whereby the crests of the string type arrangement of the granular bodies are replaced by the troughs of the same and the granular bodies are agitated again. Accordingly, the granular bodies are heated by far infrared rays while being agitated every times when they come to the positions of the agitating plates 15.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Object of the invention] (Industrial application field) The present invention is applicable to grains, tea leaves, dried vegetables, nests of medicinal herbs, herbal medicines or their shredded products, wood chips, fertilizers, etc. Suitable for treating biological materials such as iron ore, limestone, earth and sand, aluminum hydroxide, cement, etc.

The present invention relates to a heating device for heating, drying, and firing these powders to 50 to 200°C.

(Prior art) Heating of powder particles with a size of 30 iris or less is often carried out for drying purposes, and the following methods are known in the past: .

These include box-type dryers, single-rotation dryers, air wave dryers, fluidized flow dryers, groove-type stirring dryers, and vacuum dryers. All of these basically have a configuration in which air is heated, hot air is sent, and the powder is heated with the hot air. Since indirect heating does not directly heat the granular material with a heat source, there are problems in that thermal efficiency is poor, it takes time, and the gaps between the granular materials act as a heat insulating layer, making heating inside the material slow. There is also an infrared dryer, but if the absorption wavelength band of the irradiated object matches, it can heat efficiently, but only one surface layer is heated, so it cannot uniformly heat objects other than thin objects such as paint films.

In recent years, it has been found that the above-mentioned biological materials to be treated have an absorption wavelength band in the far-infrared region and can be efficiently heat-treated by far-infrared heating, and a heating type using far-infrared rays has been proposed.

However, in the case of this far-infrared heating, parts that are not directly irradiated with far-infrared rays, such as those at the bottom of the layered powder or granular material, may not be heated, or the surface layer may be overheated. As an improvement for this purpose, for example, JP-A-63-291
548, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 62-158981, and Japanese Utility Model Application No. 62-97489 are known.

The first one heats the powder by placing a heat source above the conveyor, and has a structure in which the conveyor itself vibrates to stir the powder in order to evenly heat the entire powder. That is, it is stirred and heated by vibration.

With such a conveyor that vibrates itself, it is difficult to sufficiently agitate some types of powder and granules, and a vibrating conveyor itself that has sufficient capacity has the problem of being complicated to adjust and expensive.

An intermediate method uses a screw conveyor in which a rotating screw is placed in a cylindrical transport case, and the powder and granules are moved while being rotated by the screw and stirred, and are heated at the same time. Although the method using such a screw conveyor provides sufficient stirring and uniform heating of the entire product, there is a problem in that it is extremely expensive.

The last one uses the far-infrared radiation plate itself as a heat source as a conveyor, and it dries the powder while running it on the plate fixed at an angle, and at the end it is dropped onto the next plate with a different inclination direction. It is designed to dry by repeatedly running it. Although such a simple structure is suitable for inexpensive and simple drying, it is not possible to control the heating temperature, and there are restrictions on the powders and granules that can be used.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention provides a heating device that can quickly, efficiently, and easily heat heated powder or granular material to a high quality product, and that can be used for all kinds of powder or granular material. The goal is to provide the following.

[Structure of the Invention] (Means for Solving i) The first invention provides a far-infrared heating means for heating the powder and granular material on the container above the container which carries the powder and granular material and moves. , and a stirring means for stirring the powder and granular material is arranged on the conveyor, but the stirring means uses a large number of stirring bodies arranged in a long line, and the stirring means is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the arrangement. The stirrer is disposed so as to intersect with the moving direction of the conveyor, and the tip of the agitator is placed close to the upper surface of the conveyor.

It is desirable that the stirring means described in I- be provided at a plurality of locations at predetermined intervals.

It is sufficient that the stirring means is a comb-like long rod with thin stirring bodies arranged at fine intervals of many degrees. The tip of the stirring body may be sharpened, the comb-shaped stirring means may be reciprocated in the longitudinal direction, and the stirring means may be a rotating screw used in a screw conveyor or the like. Needless to say, it's good.

The second invention provides a plurality of heating sections provided with far-infrared heating means in the vertical direction above the conveyor provided with the agitating body,
It is characterized in that it is structured so that the powder and granules fall from the upper layer to the lower layer.

Furthermore, the third invention is characterized in that the plurality of far-infrared heating means of the apparatus having the above-mentioned structure is a rod-shaped heater that rapidly heats the first one, and a planar heater that heats the latter one slowly. It is.

(Operation) Powder is placed on a conveyor and moves at a predetermined speed. During this time, it is heated by far-infrared heating means placed above the conveyor.

By the way, in the case of the present invention, the powder and granules transported by the conveyor are piled up on the conveyor to a certain thickness, and the powder and granules move while coming out to the agitation means whose tip is placed close to the conveyor. It turns out. Therefore, the granular material is stirred on the conveyor. That is, according to the present invention, the powder or granular material is heated by the far-infrared heating means while being stirred.

If a plurality of stirring means are provided at predetermined intervals, stirring will be performed at the plurality of locations, and the powder will be mixed more uniformly and the whole powder will be evenly heated by the far-infrared heating means.

When drying by heating, the effective ingredients of substances such as medicinal herbs will volatilize along with the water contained inside the powder.Powder and granules for which volatilization of the active ingredients is inconvenient must be dried. Even when this is necessary, in the past, simply heating was performed, which was undesirable because the amount of the active ingredient evaporated. On the other hand, in the third aspect of the present invention, since the powder is rapidly heated with a rod-shaped heater first, the surface of the powder can be preferentially burnt to change its quality and make it difficult to volatilize. If the heating temperature is maintained at a predetermined temperature using a rear heater, it is possible to dry the active ingredients with less volatilization and to prevent deterioration of the overall quality.

(Embodiment) FIGS. 1 and 2 show one embodiment of the wooden inventive clothing, with FIG. 1 being a front sectional view and FIG. 2 being a side sectional view.

The nut flow side device is an example in which the heating section is in one stage.

A housing 2 placed on a stand 1 framed with a steel frame etc.
A heating section is housed inside. The housing 2 has a double-wall structure filled with a heat insulating material 3 to provide heat insulation properties. An inert gas supply section is attached so that an inert gas atmosphere can be created inside the chamber as required.

The conveyor 4 on which the granular material is carried is composed of a belt 5, rollers 6, 7 for driving the belt, an auxiliary roller 8, a tension roller 9, and the like. The rollers 6.7 are provided on both left and right sides of the central portion of the housing 2, and the belt 5 is looped around them so as to circulate endlessly. This belt 5
An auxiliary roller 8.8 and a tension roller 9 are provided to prevent the belt from deflecting, and a deflection prevention plate 10 is further provided along the lower surface of the upper side of the belt 5. Side plates 11 and 11 are provided on both sides of this belt 5 to prevent powder and granular materials from falling.
(Fig. 2) is provided.

The heald 5 may be of a mesh type or a plate type made of glass string or heat-resistant rubber depending on the size of the powder or granular material.

The roller 6.7 is mounted on the housing 2 as shown in Figure WS2.
It is rotatably attached to a shaft 12 whose both ends are attached to the sides of the belt 5, and this shaft 12 itself is provided in a long hole for tension adjustment in the belt 5.

The shaft 12 of one roller 7 is rotated by a motor 13,
The shaft of the other roller 6 is simply driven. The shaft of this roller 6 may be fixed so that only the roller rotates.

Planar heaters 14, 14, . . . serving as far-infrared heating means are installed at predetermined intervals on the ceiling of the housing 2. The planar heater 14 is a far-infrared emitting ceramic plate, for example, a silicon nitride heating plate, with a heating element such as a monochromium wire and a heat insulating material attached to the back side of the plate.

In this actual flow side design, as shown in the figure, the planar heaters 14 are provided at four row intervals, and a stirring plate 1 serving as a stirring means is provided between them.
5 is installed. As shown in Fig. 2, this stirring plate 15 has a comb-like shape in which a large number of stirring bodies 16 with tapered tips are lined up.The tips of the individual stirring bodies 16 do not necessarily have to be tapered. , this stirring plate 15
As shown in the figure, both ends thereof are fixed to the side surfaces of the housing 2.

The illustrated stirring means is a stirring plate 1 formed by punching a steel plate.
5 is used, but a long rod with elongated stirring elements 16 attached may also be used.In the case of rods with individual stirring elements 16 attached, there is no particular restriction on the material as long as it can withstand heat. Rubber etc. can also be used. In this device, the stirring means is installed perpendicular to the conveyor 4 as shown in Figure 1, but it does not need to be perpendicular to the conveyor as long as it intersects with the conveyor.

When fixed stirring means are provided at a plurality of locations as in this example, it is desirable that the positions of the individual stirring bodies 16 are shifted for each stirring plate 15.

In this device, a hopper 17 is further installed on the right side of the housing 2 in the drawing for supplying powder and granules that have penetrated from the ceiling to the roof onto the belt 5. At the bottom of this hopper, near the top of the belt 5, a rotation 118 is attached for dropping a fixed amount of powder onto the belt 5. This rotary blade 18 is connected to a feeder motor 19 (sixth
(Fig.) is rotated at a constant speed, and the amount of powder and granular material that falls is adjusted by this rotation.

The roof of the housing 2 is further equipped with 2 for exhausting the inside.
Two exhaust systems M20 are installed. This exhaust device 20
has two ventilation holes 21, 21 that penetrate through the ceiling, and a fan 22 sucks indoor air from these two places to exhaust air 2.
It is configured to discharge from 3.

A chute 25 is arranged at the position of the roller 6 on the other end side of the belt 5 to guide the powder and granules placed on the belt 5 to a storage box 24. Furthermore, a control panel 26 containing circuits and the like for controlling the electrical operation of the device is attached to one side of the housing 2. The temperature of the planar heater 14 is adjusted by conduction angle control using a thyristor.The entire planar heater 14 may be made to have the same temperature all at once, or it may be divided into several blocks and the temperature of each may be adjusted. It may be set as appropriate depending on the number of heaters and the type of powder or granular material. Furthermore, the speed of the belt 5 can also be adjusted.

The operation of the above example will be explained below. The granular material placed in the hopper 17 is dropped onto the belt 5 in fixed amounts by the rotary blades 18. Since the belt 5 is circulated at a rate of, for example, 0.51 to 5 m/min by a drive motor 13 controlled by an inverter, the powder on the belt moves at that speed. During movement, it is heated by sheet heaters 14, 14, . . . . During this time, when the agitating plate 15 is reached, the tip of the agitating body 16 has reached the upper surface of the belt 5, so that the powder and granules hitting the agitating plate 16 are scraped through between the agitating bodies 16 and 16. That is, it is stirred. After that, when the next stirring plate 15 is reached, the position of the stirring body 16 of this stirring plate is shifted from the position of the stirring body of the previous stirring plate, so it is scraped by the previous stirring plate 15 and becomes streaked. The same applies to the zero-order stirring means in which the mountainous portion of the powder or granular material just hits the stirring body 16, and the peaks and valleys of the streak are exchanged and stirred again. In this way, each time the granular material comes to the position of the stirring plate 15, it is stirred and heated by far infrared rays. Therefore, in this apparatus, not only the powder and granular material stacked on the surface but also the entire material on the belt 5 is heated evenly and uniformly. The heated and dried material is transferred from the end of the belt 5 to the chute 2.
5 and accumulated in the storage box 24.

FIG. 3 shows another embodiment, in which the stirring means is changed. Others are no different from those described above.

This stirring means 26 has a large number of elongated stirring bodies 28 fixed so as to hang from a shaft 27 slidably attached to the side wall of the housing 2. 27 is made to reciprocate. Sliding gear of this example! 129 uses a link mechanism in which a lever is used to connect a disk pin with a bottle rotated by a motor to the shaft 27, but it is also possible to use a link mechanism in which another rod-shaped object such as a reciprocating piston is continuously reciprocated in its longitudinal direction. Anything you can do is fine.

If a large number of stirring bodies 28 arranged upright on the belt 5 reciprocate in the width direction of the belt 5 in this way, the powder and granules placed on the belt 5 can be easily stirred. As can be seen, the stirring effect is greater than in the previous example where it remains stationary.

FIG. 4 shows yet another embodiment, in which a screw rotor 132 is spirally attached to a rotating shaft 31 as the stirring means, and there is no other difference from the first embodiment.

Fig. ff15 shows still another embodiment, in which the heating section consisting of the far-infrared heating means 14, the belt 5, and the stirring plate 15 described above is arranged in two stages, upper and lower, to form one heating device. The housing 2 is thicker, but there is basically no difference from the previous example. The same parts are designated by the same symbols and their explanations will be omitted.

The above-mentioned elements may be simply provided in two stages within the housing 2, but in this example, the far-infrared heating means in the upper heating section is replaced with the above-mentioned planar heater, and a rod-shaped heater 33 that can easily heat rapidly is used. I am using it.

This rod-shaped heater 33 is a heater in which a heating element such as a nichrome wire is embedded in a far-infrared ray emitting ceramic tube. This is housed inside the reflector plate 34 as shown in the figure.
They are arranged in rows as one block and used in correspondence with the planar heater 14 that performs slow heating in the lower stage. in this case,
When falling from the upper conveyor to the lower conveyor in multiple stages, the stirring effect of the upper stage is interrupted and a different stirring effect is added.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of the embodiment of FIG.
Each side has the same configuration as described above, except that a motor 35 for circulating the belt 5 of the upper heating section is attached to the roof of the heating section. That is, a hopper 17 is installed on the ceiling of the housing 2, and two exhaust devices 20 and 20 are mounted on the roof.

In the case of this example having two heating sections, the upper heating section rapidly heats up to a predetermined temperature, and the lower heating section is heated slowly at a predetermined temperature lower than the previous stage. Rapid heating at high temperatures in the upper stage preferentially burns the surface of vegetable chips, such as medicinal herbs and vegetables, to a predetermined temperature, and then slow heating avoids deterioration of the entire structure and prevents volatilization of the active ingredients in the powder. , which only removes moisture slowly. Suitable for drying medicinal herbs, foods, etc.

The heating section is not limited to two stages, but may be arranged in three or more stages depending on the throughput.

[Effects of the Invention] Hereinafter, as shown in (H), the device of the present invention uses far infrared heating means and is configured to heat the granular material while stirring it using the stirring means, so it is more efficient than when there is no stirring means. , the heating rate can be increased to approximately twice that of the previous method, and the entire powder or granule material can be efficiently and continuously heated. Therefore, it is possible to improve productivity, reduce power consumption, and save space of the device.

In addition, since heating is performed using far-infrared heating means as described above, heating can be performed efficiently, eliminating overheating or underheating depending on the position on the belt in the depth direction, and making the quality of the product uniform. I can do it.

Furthermore, even if the product type is changed, the optimum conditions can be easily set for the product type.

Furthermore, since the stirring means of the present invention stirs with a stirring body whose tip is close to the surface of the conveyor and is attached across the conveyor, it can be fixed, reducing power consumption. I can do it.

Furthermore, according to the present invention, heating and drying treatment is performed during conveyance on a conveyor, so that the granular material processing system can be simplified.

Furthermore, according to the third aspect of the present invention, since the heating is performed rapidly at first, the surface of the powder or granules is preferentially altered while reducing the structural change inside the powder or granules, and then the powder is heated slowly, so that it is effective from within. Volatization of components can be reduced. Therefore, in the case of medicinal herbs, etc., the medicinal efficacy is not reduced, and in the case of foods, loss of flavor can be prevented, and loss of nutrients such as vitamins can be suppressed.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional front view of one embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional side view, FIGS. 3 and 4 are cross-sectional views centered on the stirring means of different embodiments, and FIG. The figure is a sectional front view of still another embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a plan view of the example of FIG. 5. 1: Stand, 2: Housing, 4: Conveyor, 5: Helt,
6.7: Roller, 14: Planar heater, 15: Stirring means,
16: stirring body, 17: hot spring, 18: rotary blade, 19
: Motor, 20: Exhaust system/Agent Patent attorney Konno
MasayukiFigure 2Figure 3Figure 4

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A conveyor that carries powder and granules, a far-infrared heating means that is placed above the conveyor to heat the powder and granules on the conveyor, and a large number of stirring bodies arranged in the longitudinal direction. A heating device for powder or granular material, characterized in that it has a stirring means for stirring the powder or granular material, which is disposed so that its longitudinal direction intersects with the moving direction of the conveyor and the tip of the stirring body approaches the upper surface of the conveyor. (2) A plurality of heating units each comprising the conveyor, far-infrared heating means, and stirring means are arranged in a vertically stacked manner, and the granular material is sequentially moved from the upper stage to the lower stage for heating. A heating device for powder and granular materials. (3) The powder and granules are placed on a conveyor that moves in a straight line, and the powder and granules are moved while being stirred by a stirring means placed on the top of the conveyor, and multiple far infrared rays placed above the conveyor. Heating is performed by a heating means, the heating means having a rapid heating rod-shaped heater in the first stage,
A heating device for powder or granular material, characterized in that the latter stage is a slow heating planar heater.