JPH0423226B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0423226B2 JPH0423226B2 JP61305851A JP30585186A JPH0423226B2 JP H0423226 B2 JPH0423226 B2 JP H0423226B2 JP 61305851 A JP61305851 A JP 61305851A JP 30585186 A JP30585186 A JP 30585186A JP H0423226 B2 JPH0423226 B2 JP H0423226B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- antenna device
- circuit
- antenna
- feeding circuit
- peripheral
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
この発明は、低仰角方向に存在する目標物の方
向を検出するアンテナ装置に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an antenna device for detecting the direction of a target existing in a low elevation angle direction.
低仰角方向に存在する目標物の方向を検出する
方式として、下記文献に示されたFIXED
BEAM方式が知られている。
FIXED, which is shown in the following document, is a method for detecting the direction of a target that exists in a low elevation angle direction.
The BEAM method is known.
W.D.WHITE，“Low−Angle Radar
Tracking in the Presence of Multapfth”，
IEEE Trans.Aerospace and Electronic
Systems，vol.AES−10，pp.835−852，
November1974
以下、文献にしたがつてFIXED BEAM方式
の動作について説明する。 WDWHITE, “Low−Angle Radar
Tracking in the Presence of Multapfth”
IEEE Trans.Aerospace and Electronic
Systems, vol.AES-10, pp.835-852,
November1974 Below, the operation of the FIXED BEAM method will be explained according to the literature.
第５図はアンテナ装置と目標物との位置関係を
示す図であり、図において、１はアンテナ装置、
２は目標物、３は海面、４は海面３によつて生じ
た目標物２の鏡像、５は直接波の伝搬径路、６は
反射波の伝搬径路である。 FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the antenna device and the target object. In the figure, 1 indicates the antenna device,
2 is a target object, 3 is a sea surface, 4 is a mirror image of the target object 2 caused by the sea surface 3, 5 is a direct wave propagation path, and 6 is a reflected wave propagation path.
アンテナ装置１はFAビーム及びFBビームなる
形状の異なる２種類の放射ビームを形成し得るも
のとし、ｕを角度座標とすると、任意のｕについ
てFAビーム及びFBビームは(1)式に示す対称条件
を満足するものとする。 It is assumed that the antenna device 1 can form two types of radiation beams with different shapes, F A beam and F B beam, and if u is the angular coordinate, the F A beam and F B beam can be calculated by equation (1) for any u. It is assumed that the symmetry condition shown in is satisfied.
FB（ｕ）／FA（ｕ）＝FB（−ｕ）／FA（
−ｕ）(1)
アンテナ装置１の軸線を、目標物２と鏡像４の
２等分角方向に向けるものとすると、FAビーム
による受信電圧VAは(2)式のように表すことがで
きる。 F B (u)/F A (u)=F B (-u)/F A (
-u) (1) Assuming that the axis of the antenna device 1 is directed in the direction of the bisecting angle between the target object 2 and the mirror image 4, the received voltage V A by the F A beam can be expressed as in equation (2). can.
VA＝ES｛FA（ｕ）＋ρej〓FA（−ｕ）｝ (2)
ここで、
ESは直接波の振幅
ｕは直接波がアンテナ装置１へ入射する角度
−ｕは反射波がアンテナ装置１へ入射する角度
ρは海面３の電圧反射係数
φは海面３の位相反射係数
である。同様にして、FBビームによる受信電圧
VBは、(3)式のように表すことができる。 V A = E S {F A (u) + ρe j 〓F A (-u)} (2) Here, E S is the amplitude of the direct wave, u is the angle at which the direct wave is incident on the antenna device 1, and -u is the reflection. The angle at which the waves are incident on the antenna device 1 ρ is the voltage reflection coefficient of the sea surface 3 φ is the phase reflection coefficient of the sea surface 3. Similarly, the received voltage by F B beam
V B can be expressed as in equation (3).
VB＝ES｛FB（ｕ）＋ρej〓FB（−ｕ）｝ (3)
VBとVAの比をとると、
VB／VA＝FB（ｕ）＋ρej〓FB（−ｕ）／FA（ｕ）＋ρ
ej〓FA（−ｕ）
＝FB（ｕ）／FA（ｕ）
・｛１＋ρej〓FB（−ｕ）／FB（ｕ）｝／｛１＋ρ
ej〓FA（−ｕ）／FA（ｕ）｝(4)
となり、(1)式の対称条件を代入して整理すると、
VB／VA＝FB（ｕ）／FA（ｕ） (5)
となる。 V B = E S {F B (u) + ρe j 〓F B (-u)} (3) Taking the ratio of V B and V A , V B /V A = F B (u) + ρe j 〓F B (-u)/F A (u)+ρ
e j 〓F A (-u) =F B (u)/F A (u) ・{1+ρe j 〓F B (-u)/F B (u)}/{1+ρ
e j 〓F A (-u)/F A (u)}(4), and substituting the symmetry condition in equation (1) and rearranging, we get V B /V A = F B (u)/F A ( u) (5) becomes.
したがつて、電圧比VB／VAを測定することに
より、反射波の存在とは無関係に、既知の関数
FB／FAを用いて目標物２の方向ｕを正確に求め
ることができる。 Therefore, by measuring the voltage ratio V B /V A , a known function can be obtained, independent of the presence of reflected waves.
The direction u of the target object 2 can be accurately determined using F B /F A.
以上のように、FIXED BEAM方式は低仰角
方向に存在する目標物の方向を検出する方式とし
て有効であるが、(1)式の対称条件を満足するアン
テナ装置を構成する方法が不明であるという問題
点があつた。
As described above, the FIXED BEAM method is effective as a method for detecting the direction of targets that exist in low elevation angle directions, but it is unclear how to construct an antenna device that satisfies the symmetry condition of equation (1). There was a problem.
この発明は上記のような問題点を解消するため
になされたもので、(1)式の対称条件を満足するア
ンテナ装置の具体的な構成を明らかにし、
FIXED BEAM方式を実際に適用できるアンテ
ナ装置を得ることを目的とする。 This invention was made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it clarifies the specific configuration of an antenna device that satisfies the symmetry condition of equation (1).
The purpose is to obtain an antenna device that can actually apply the FIXED BEAM method.
この発明に係るアンテナ装置は、アンテナ装置
を構成する複数個の素子アンテナを中央部と周辺
部に分割し、中央部と周辺部にそれぞれ独立した
給電回路を設け、中央部の給電回路の入力端の１
つと周辺部の給電回路の入力端の１つをハイブリ
ツド回路で接続して構成したものである。
In the antenna device according to the present invention, a plurality of element antennas constituting the antenna device are divided into a central portion and a peripheral portion, independent feeding circuits are provided in the central portion and peripheral portion, and an input terminal of the feeding circuit in the central portion is provided. No. 1
It is constructed by connecting one of the input terminals of the power supply circuit and the peripheral power supply circuit with a hybrid circuit.
この発明におけるハイブリツド回路は、中央部
で得られた信号と周辺部で得られた信号を加減算
し、和信号と差信号を出力する作用を行う。この
和信号を(1)式のFAビームとして用い、差信号を
(1)式のFBビームとして用いることにより(1)式の
対称条件を満足することができ、FIXED
BEAM方式を適用できるアンテナ装置を得るこ
とができる。
The hybrid circuit of the present invention performs the function of adding and subtracting a signal obtained at the center and a signal obtained at the periphery, and outputting a sum signal and a difference signal. This sum signal is used as the F A beam in equation (1), and the difference signal is
By using it as the F B beam in equation (1), the symmetry condition in equation (1) can be satisfied, and FIXED
An antenna device to which the BEAM method can be applied can be obtained.
以下、この発明の一実施例を図について説明す
る。
An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
第１図において、７ａは中央部の素子アンテ
ナ、７ｂは周辺部の素子アンテナ、８は中央部の
素子アンテナ７ａを給電する中央部の給電回路、
９は周辺部の素子アンテナ７ｂを給電する周辺部
の給電回路、１０は中央部の給電回路８の入力端
と周辺部の給電回路９の入力端を接続するハイブ
リツド回路である。 In FIG. 1, 7a is a central element antenna, 7b is a peripheral element antenna, 8 is a central feeding circuit that feeds the central element antenna 7a,
Reference numeral 9 denotes a peripheral feeding circuit for feeding the peripheral element antenna 7b, and 10 denotes a hybrid circuit connecting the input terminal of the central feeding circuit 8 and the input terminal of the peripheral feeding circuit 9.
次に、この発明の一実施例を送信状態で使用し
た場合の動作について説明する。 Next, an explanation will be given of the operation when one embodiment of the present invention is used in a transmitting state.
ハイブリツド回路１０の和信号端子に高周波信
号を入力すると、この高周波信号はハイブリツド
回路の性質により同位相で２分配され、中央部の
給電回路８と周辺部の給電回路９に同位相の高周
波信号が供給される。中央部の給電回路８と周辺
部の給電回路９は、それそれ中央部の素子アンテ
ナ７ａ及び周辺部の素子アンテナ７ｂに対して所
定の分配を行い、結果として第２図ａに示す開口
分布を生じる。この開口分布は中央部の素子アン
テナ７ａと周辺部の素子アンテナ７ｂがすべて同
位相で励振された状態であるから、第２図ｂに示
すようにアンテナ装置１の正面方向に最大値を有
する上下対称な放射パターンが得られる。 When a high frequency signal is input to the sum signal terminal of the hybrid circuit 10, this high frequency signal is divided into two parts with the same phase due to the nature of the hybrid circuit, and the high frequency signal with the same phase is sent to the central power supply circuit 8 and the peripheral power supply circuit 9. Supplied. The feeder circuit 8 in the center and the feeder circuit 9 in the periphery perform predetermined distribution to the element antenna 7a in the center and the element antenna 7b in the periphery, respectively, and as a result, the aperture distribution shown in FIG. 2a is obtained. arise. This aperture distribution has a maximum value in the front direction of the antenna device 1, as shown in FIG. A symmetrical radiation pattern is obtained.
ハイブリツド回路１０の差信号端子に高周波信
号を入力すると、この高周波信号はハイブリツド
回路の性質により逆位相で２分配され、中央部の
給電回路８と周辺部の給電回路９に逆位相の高周
波信号が供給される。中央部の給電回路８と周辺
部の給電回路９は、それそれ中央部の素子アンテ
ナ７ａ及び周辺部の素子アンテナ７ｂに対して所
定の分配を行い、結果として第３図ａに示す開口
分布を生じる。この開口分布は中央部の素子アン
テナ７ａに対して周辺部の素子アンテナ７ｂが逆
位相で励振された状態であるから、第３図ｂに示
すようにアンテナ装置１の正面方向に極小値を有
する上下対称な放射パターンが得られる。 When a high frequency signal is input to the difference signal terminal of the hybrid circuit 10, this high frequency signal is divided into two parts with opposite phases due to the nature of the hybrid circuit, and the high frequency signals with opposite phases are sent to the central power supply circuit 8 and the peripheral power supply circuit 9. Supplied. The feeder circuit 8 in the center and the feeder circuit 9 in the periphery perform predetermined distribution to the element antenna 7a in the center and the element antenna 7b in the periphery, respectively, and as a result, the aperture distribution shown in FIG. 3a is obtained. arise. This aperture distribution has a minimum value in the front direction of the antenna device 1, as shown in FIG. A vertically symmetrical radiation pattern can be obtained.
以上、送信状態で使用した場合の動作について
説明したが、一般にアンテナの送信特性と受信特
性については可逆の定理が成り立つため、受信状
態で使用した場合でも上記と同じ放射パターンが
得られる。すなわち、ハイブリツド回路１０の和
信号端子に得られる受信パターンは第２図ｂと同
一であり、ハイブリツド回路１０の差信号端子に
得られる受信パターンは第３図ｂと同一である。 The operation when used in the transmitting state has been described above, but since the reversibility theorem generally holds for the transmitting and receiving characteristics of an antenna, the same radiation pattern as above can be obtained even when using in the receiving state. That is, the reception pattern obtained at the sum signal terminal of the hybrid circuit 10 is the same as that shown in FIG. 2b, and the reception pattern obtained at the difference signal terminal of the hybrid circuit 10 is the same as that shown in FIG. 3b.
したがつて、受信状態において、ハイブリツド
回路から得られる和信号を(1)式のFAビームとし
て用い、差信号を(1)式のFBビームとして用いる
ことにより(1)式の対称条件を満足することがで
き、FIXED BEAM方式を適用して低仰角方向
に存在する目標物の方向を検出することができ
る。 Therefore, in the reception state, by using the sum signal obtained from the hybrid circuit as the F A beam in equation (1) and the difference signal as the F B beam in equation (1), the symmetry condition in equation (1) can be satisfied. The results can be satisfied, and by applying the FIXED BEAM method, it is possible to detect the direction of a target that exists in a low elevation angle direction.
なお、上記実施例では中央部の給電回路８が分
配器のみで構成されるものを示したが、中央部の
給電回路８を、第４図に示すように、複数個の分
配器１１と、１個または複数個のハイブリツド回
路１２で構成してもよい。第４図の実施例におい
ては、上記実施例と同様にFIXED BEAM方式
を適用することができ、さらに、ハイブリツド回
路１２の差信号を利用してモノパルス方式による
測角を行うことができる。 In the above embodiment, the central power feeding circuit 8 is composed of only a distributor, but as shown in FIG. It may be configured with one or more hybrid circuits 12. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the FIXED BEAM method can be applied in the same way as in the above embodiments, and furthermore, the difference signal of the hybrid circuit 12 can be used to perform angle measurement using the monopulse method.
また、上記実施例では周辺部の給電回路９が分
配器のみで構成されるものを示したが、周辺部の
給電回路９を、複数個の分配器と、１個または複
数個のハイブリツド回路で構成してもよく、第４
図の実施例と同様の効果が得られる。 Further, in the above embodiment, the power supply circuit 9 in the peripheral part is composed of only a distributor, but the power supply circuit 9 in the peripheral part is composed of a plurality of distributors and one or more hybrid circuits. The fourth
The same effect as the embodiment shown in the figure can be obtained.
さらに、上記実施例では海面により反射波が生
じる場合について説明したが、特にこれに限定さ
れるものではなく、大地、建築物または構造物等
による反射波に対しても上記実施例と同様の効果
が得られる。 Further, in the above embodiment, the case where reflected waves are generated by the sea surface has been explained, but the invention is not limited to this, and the same effect as in the above embodiment can be obtained for reflected waves from the ground, buildings, structures, etc. is obtained.
以上は移送器を用いないアンテナ装置について
説明したが、素子アンテナと給電回路との間に移
相器を接続し、電子的にビーム走査を可能とした
アンテナ装置についても上記実施例と同様の効果
が得られる。 The above description has been about an antenna device that does not use a transfer device, but an antenna device that connects a phase shifter between the element antenna and the feeder circuit and enables electronic beam scanning can also have the same effect as the above embodiment. is obtained.
以上のように、この発明によれば素子アンテナ
及び給電回路を中央部と周辺部に分割し、中央部
の給電回路の入力端の１つと周辺部の給電回路の
入力端の１つをハイブリツド回路で接続して構成
したので、FIXED BEAM方式を適用するため
に必要となる放射ビームの対称条件を満足するこ
とができ、低仰角方向に存在する目標物の方向を
検出可能なアンテナ装置が得られる効果がある。
As described above, according to the present invention, an element antenna and a feeding circuit are divided into a central part and a peripheral part, and one input terminal of the central part feeding circuit and one input terminal of the peripheral part feeding circuit are connected to a hybrid circuit. Since the two antennas are connected and configured, it is possible to satisfy the radiation beam symmetry conditions required to apply the FIXED BEAM method, and an antenna device that can detect the direction of a target located in a low elevation angle direction can be obtained. effective.
第１図はこの発明の一実施例によるアンテナ装
置の構成を示す図、第２図ａ及びｂならびに第３
図ａ及びｂはこの発明の一実施例の動作を説明す
るための図、第４図はこの発明の他の実施例によ
るアンテナ装置の構成を示す図、第５図は文献に
報告のあるFIXED BEAM方式の動作を説明す
るための図である。
図において、１はアンテナ装置、２は目標物、
３は海面、４は鏡像、５は直接波の伝搬径路、６
は反射波の伝搬径路、７ａは中央部の素子アンテ
ナ、７ｂは周辺部の素子アンテナ、８は中央部の
給電回路、９は周辺部の給電回路、１０はハイブ
リツド回路、１１は中央部の分配器、１２は中央
部のハイブリツド回路である。なお、図中、同一
符号は同一または相当部分を示す。
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIGS. 2a and b, and 3.
Figures a and b are diagrams for explaining the operation of one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 is a diagram showing the configuration of an antenna device according to another embodiment of the invention, and Figure 5 is a FIXED device reported in the literature. FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the BEAM method. In the figure, 1 is an antenna device, 2 is a target,
3 is the sea surface, 4 is the mirror image, 5 is the direct wave propagation path, 6
7a is the propagation path of the reflected wave, 7a is the element antenna in the center, 7b is the element antenna in the periphery, 8 is the feeder circuit in the center, 9 is the feeder circuit in the periphery, 10 is the hybrid circuit, and 11 is the distribution in the center. 12 is a hybrid circuit in the center. In addition, in the figures, the same reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts.
Claims (1)
成されるアンテナ装置において、複数個の素子ア
ンテナを中央部と周辺部に分割し、中央部にある
複数個の素子アンテナを給電する給電回路と、周
辺部にある複数個の素子アンテナを給電する給電
回路を備え、中央部の給電回路の入力端の１つと
周辺部の給電回路の入力端の１つをハイブリツド
回路で接続して構成したことを特徴とするアンテ
ナ装置。 ２ 前記アンテナ装置の中央部を複数個の素子ア
ンテナ群に分割し、前記中央部の給電回路をそれ
ぞれの素子アンテナ群を給電する複数個の分配器
と、それぞれの分配器を接続するハイブリツド回
路で構成したことを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第
１項記載のアンテナ装置。 ３ 前記アンテナ装置の周辺部を複数個の素子ア
ンテナ群に分類し、前記周辺部の給電回路をそれ
ぞれの素子アンテナ群を給電する複数個の分配器
と、それぞれの分配器を接続するハイブリツド回
路で構成したことを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第
１項記載のアンテナ装置。[Claims] 1. In an antenna device composed of a plurality of element antennas, a feeding circuit, etc., the plurality of element antennas are divided into a central part and a peripheral part, and the plurality of element antennas in the central part are used to feed power. It is equipped with a feeding circuit that feeds power to multiple element antennas in the periphery, and a hybrid circuit that connects one input terminal of the central feeding circuit and one input terminal of the peripheral feeding circuit. An antenna device comprising: 2. The central part of the antenna device is divided into a plurality of element antenna groups, and the feeding circuit in the central part is composed of a plurality of distributors that feed the respective element antenna groups and a hybrid circuit that connects the respective distributors. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that the antenna device is configured as follows. 3. The peripheral part of the antenna device is classified into a plurality of element antenna groups, and the feeding circuit of the peripheral part is composed of a plurality of distributors that feed the respective element antenna groups and a hybrid circuit that connects the respective distributors. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that the antenna device is configured as follows.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61305851A JPS63157506A (en) | 1986-12-22 | 1986-12-22 | Antenna system |
| US07/130,646 US4827270A (en) | 1986-12-22 | 1987-12-09 | Antenna device |
| DE3743123A DE3743123C2 (en) | 1986-12-22 | 1987-12-18 | Antenna device |
| GB8729712A GB2202092B (en) | 1986-12-22 | 1987-12-21 | Antenna device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61305851A JPS63157506A (en) | 1986-12-22 | 1986-12-22 | Antenna system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63157506A JPS63157506A (en) | 1988-06-30 |
| JPH0423226B2 true JPH0423226B2 (en) | 1992-04-21 |
Family
ID=17950126
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61305851A Granted JPS63157506A (en) | 1986-12-22 | 1986-12-22 | Antenna system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS63157506A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02111109A (en) * | 1988-10-20 | 1990-04-24 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Array antenna system |
| JP7115829B2 (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2022-08-09 | 株式会社デンソーテン | radar equipment |
-
1986
- 1986-12-22 JP JP61305851A patent/JPS63157506A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS63157506A (en) | 1988-06-30 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |