JPH04231522A - Operating mechanism of hydraulic working machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To permit the switching of the front, back, left, and right operation patterns of an operating lever by providing the first switch mechanism for pilot operating valve to operate the operating valve of working machine and also providing the second switch mechanism between the first switch mechanism and the operation valve of working machine. CONSTITUTION:The pilot operating valve V of a hydraulic working machine is provided to an operating column 3L having an operating lever 1L. By back and front or bilateral turning of the lever 1L, another operation valve of the working machine is operated. The valve V is also designed to pivot around the lever 1L, and the first switch mechanism permitting the operating valve of working machine to be switched by the bilateral and front and back pivoting of the lever 1L is provided. The second switch mechanism for the operating valve of working machine is also provided between the first which mechanism and the operating valve of the working machine and also left-and right-handed operating levers 1L and 2R. The cost of the operating mechanism can thus be lowered and the mechanism can also be simplified.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

[Industrial Application Field] The present invention is applicable to a hydraulic working machine such as a backhoe, which is equipped with a plurality of hydraulic actuators to operate the working machine. The system is designed to allow easy switching of operation patterns to prevent erroneous operations when an operator switches from a hydraulic work machine that he or she is accustomed to using to a hydraulic work machine that has a different operation pattern. It is something.

0002

[Prior Art] Conventionally, in order to eliminate erroneous operation when the pattern of the operating lever of a hydraulic working machine is changed,
Techniques for changing patterns are known. For example, Publication No. 1-24221, JP-A-62-
This is similar to the technique described in Japanese Patent No. 297513.

0003

[Problem to be solved by the invention] However, the practical fairness 1-2
In Publication No. 4221, a spool-type advanced switching valve is separately arranged between the pilot operating valve and the work equipment operating valve, which is extremely expensive and requires a large installation area. Also, JP-A-62-297
In Publication No. 513, a rotary valve is interposed, and the rotary valve is also extremely expensive and large, so there is a problem in that it is difficult to choose a place to install it. The present invention does not require a separate spool or rotary valve, but instead configures a first switching mechanism by rotating the pilot operated valve itself, and a second switching mechanism configured by a rotating plate and a fixed oil path plate. The mechanism also allows switching between the left and right operating levers. Further, in the present invention, between the left and right operation levers on the same side, switching between left and right and front and rear operations is first performed by a first switching mechanism, and in addition to this, in other operation patterns. In some cases, it may be necessary to switch between the left and right operating levers, and in that case, a second switching mechanism provided separately is used.

0004

[Means for Solving the Problems] The problems to be solved by the present invention are as described above, and next, the means for solving the problems will be explained. That is, in the operating mechanism of a hydraulic working machine that is provided with a work machine operating valve that operates a work machine actuator and a pilot operating valve that operates the work machine operating valve, the pilot operating valve is connected to an operating column on which an operating lever is installed. and configured to operate a pilot operating valve of another work equipment operating valve by the left and right rotation and front and back rotation of the operating lever, and the pilot operating valve is rotatable around the center of rotation of the operating lever, A first switching mechanism is provided which allows the work equipment operating valve operated by the left and right rotation and front and back rotation of the operating lever to be switched by the rotation, and between the first switching mechanism and the work equipment operation valve, there is further a left and right switching mechanism. A second switching mechanism for switching the working machine operating valve is interposed between the operating levers. In addition, the first switching mechanism is constituted by a pilot operation valve consisting of a fixed body, a pilot valve rotation plate, and a rotatable joint, and by rotating the pilot valve rotation plate, the operation lever can be rotated left and right and forward and backward. The work equipment operating valve operated by rotation can be replaced, and a second switching mechanism composed of a lever switching rotation plate and a fixed oil path plate is interposed between the first switching mechanism and the work equipment operation valve. This is what I did. Also,
The first switching mechanism is constituted by making the entire pilot operation valve rotatable, and further provided with a rotatable joint, so that the work equipment operation valve operated by left and right rotation and front and back rotation of the operation lever can be replaced, A second switching mechanism constituted by a lever switching rotation plate and a fixed oil path plate is interposed between the first switching mechanism and the working machine operating valve. Also, the first
The switching mechanism is connected to the fixed oil passage pivot support 21 and the rotating cylindrical valve case 22.
The work equipment operating valve is constructed of a pilot operating valve V consisting of a rotatable cylinder valve case 22 that rotates only about the rotation center of the operating lever, and is operated by the forward and backward rotation and left and right rotation of the operating lever. A second switching mechanism is interposed between the first switching mechanism and the working machine operating valve, and is made up of a lever switching rotation plate and a fixed oil path plate. Also, a work equipment operation valve that operates a work equipment actuator,
In an operating mechanism for a hydraulic working machine that is provided with a pilot operating valve for operating the working equipment operating valve, the pilot operating valve is provided on an operating column on which an operating lever is erected, and the operating lever can be rotated from side to side and back and forth. a first switching plate configured to operate a pilot operating valve of another work equipment operating valve, the intermediate switching plate having a rotatable joint between the pilot operating valve and the working equipment operating valve; A mechanism has been established,
Furthermore, a second switching mechanism constituted by a lever switching rotation plate is disposed in series with the first switching mechanism and between the work equipment operating valve, and the first switching mechanism allows the left and right rotation of the operating lever. It is possible to switch the working machine control valve operated by forward and backward rotation, and furthermore, the operation pattern between the left and right control levers 1 can be changed by a second switching mechanism.

[0005]

[Operation] The present invention, constructed as described above, operates as follows. FIG. 9 shows a typical operation pattern between two operation levers provided on the left and right sides of a backhoe. That is, FIG.
Switching between operation pattern Y and operation pattern K shown in the upper two rows does not require any change in the right operation lever 1R. Therefore, switching from operation pattern Y to operation pattern K can be performed using only the left operation lever 1L. Therefore, switching between the operation pattern Y and the operation pattern K can be performed using the first switching mechanism provided in the operation column 3L or the intermediate switching rotation plate 1 provided in the middle of the pipe.
8 and a fixed oil passage plate 19. The change from the operation pattern K to the operation pattern M is different between the right side operation lever 1R and the left side operation lever 1L, and the operation direction is also different, so the change is made between the first switching mechanism and the work equipment operation valve. This is made possible by separately providing a second switching mechanism and rotating the lever switching rotation plate 33 constituting the second switching mechanism with respect to the fixed oil path plate 34.

[0006]

[Example] Next, an example of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional side view of an embodiment of a first switching mechanism that rotates the entire pilot-operated valve V to perform switching. In FIG. 1, operating columns are arranged on the left and right sides of the backhoe, and in this embodiment, the illustrated operating column is the left operating column 3L, and the operating lever is the left operating lever 1L. The left operating lever 1L is covered with a bellows 10, and an operating disc 8 that rotates back and forth and left and right is fixed to the lower end of the left operating lever 1L. Four pilot spools 4, 5, 6, and 7 arranged at front, rear, left, and right positions are in contact with the lower surface of the operating disk 8. In FIG. 1, arm pilot spools 4 and 5 of arm pilot operating valves for operating arm rotating work machine operating valves are arranged at positions in the front-rear direction. At the left and right positions, swing pilot spools 6 and 7 of swing pilot operating valves for operating swing work machine operating valves are arranged. Therefore, when the operating lever 1 is rotated back and forth, the arm pilot spools 4 and 5 are operated, the arm rotating work machine operating valve is switched, and the arm is moved up and down. Furthermore, when the operating lever 1 is operated left or right, the swing pilot spools 6 and 7 are switched, the swing work machine operating valve is operated, and the main frame on the swing base bearing is rotated.

As described above, the pilot operated valve V is constructed by fitting four pilot spools 4, 5, 6, and 7, and in this state, the pilot operated valve V can be rotated left and right. , a rotatable support section is configured inside the operation column 3L. A first pattern switching lever 2 of the first switching mechanism is fixed to the outer periphery of the pilot operated valve V,
The first pattern switching lever 2 protrudes from the operating column 3L and can be rotated outside the operating column 3L. A fixing bolt 9 is provided for fixing the pilot operation valve V at the rotational position of the first pattern switching lever 2. Furthermore, when the pilot operated valve V is rotated left and right, the hydraulic pipes 15a and 14a connected below the pilot operated valve V cannot follow the rotation of the pilot operated valve V. Pilot operated valve V
In the present invention, the pilot operating valve V and the hydraulic pipe 15a
Rotatable joints 14, 15, 16, and 17 are interposed between the rotatable joints 14a and 14a. Therefore, even if the pilot operation valve V is rotated by the first pattern switching lever 2, the restoring force by the hydraulic pipes 15a and 14a does not act. In the case of operation pattern Y in FIG. 9, by rotating the left operation lever 1L back and forth, the arm pilot spool 4 and
5 is operated to operate the arm rotating working machine operating valve. When the left operating lever 1L is rotated left and right, the swinging pilot spools 6 and 7 operate the swinging work machine operating valve. Conversely, when the first pattern switching lever 2 is rotated 90 degrees to the side so as to obtain the operation pattern K, the rotation pilot spool 6 is rotated as shown in the operation pattern K in FIG. 7 is operated, the swing work machine operation valve is operated, and by left and right rotation of the control lever 1, the arm pilot spools 4 and 5 are operated, and the arm swing work machine operation valve 31 is operated. It will be switched.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the first switching mechanism in which the pilot operated valve is composed of a fixed main body 13 and a pilot valve rotation plate 11, and only the pilot valve rotation plate 11 is configured to rotate. FIG. 2 is a partially sectional side view showing an example. In this embodiment, instead of rotating the entire pilot operated valve V by the first pattern switching lever 2, the pilot operated valve V is divided into two parts: a fixed main body 13 and a pilot valve rotating plate 11. . That is, the fixed body 1
The pilot spool 4 is inserted and fixed in the part 3.
The portions 5, 6, and 7 and the portions in contact with the operating disk 8 do not rotate. Instead, the connecting portion of the oil passage between the fixed main body 13 and the pilot valve rotating plate 11 is configured to be replaced. That is, a transfer oil passage is provided on the lower surface of the fixed body 13, and a transfer oil passage is also provided on the side of the pilot valve rotation plate 11, and the connection state of the transfer oil passages is determined by the pilot valve rotation plate. Switching is performed by rotating 11 by 90 degrees. The lower surface of the pilot valve rotation plate 11 has rotatable joints 14, 15,
16, 17 and hydraulic pipes 14a, 15a, 16a, 17
The point that a is provided is the same as in the embodiment shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of an embodiment of the first switching mechanism in which the pilot operated valve V is constituted by the rotary cylindrical valve case 22 and the fixed oil passage support body 21. As shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, the left operating lever 1L is pivotally supported at the upper end of the fixed oil passage pivot support body 21 by a rotation pivot joint 12, and is rotatable back and forth and left and right. And rotary cylinder valve case 22
Four pilot spools 4, 5, 6, and 7 are slidably fitted in cylindrical positions at every 90 degrees. The operating disk 8 is operated by the back and forth rotation of the left operating lever 1L about the pivot joint 12, and the arm pilot spools 4 and 5 are operated. The rear pressure oil is the hydraulic pipe 14
The arm pilot spools 4 and 5 are sent from a. It changes from left to right. Therefore, the arm pilot spools 4 and 5 are operated by left and right rotation of the operating lever 1, but the hydraulic pipes 14a and 15a are
・The flow of pressure oil to 16a and 17a after operation does not change because the pressure oil is inherited by the swivel joint. The fixed oil passage pivot support 21 and the hydraulic pipe 1
Rotatable joints 14, 15, 16, and 17 are not interposed between 4a, 15a, 16a, and 17a. This is because when the rotary cylinder valve case 22 rotates, the hydraulic pipes 14a, 15a, 16a, and 17a do not need to follow the rotation.

FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of an embodiment of a first switching mechanism in which a switching mechanism is provided between the pilot operating valve V and the swing work machine operating valve 30. In FIG. 5, the pilot operating valve V provided on the operating column 3 cannot be switched, but a switching mechanism constituted by a separate intermediate switching rotation plate 18 is provided between the pilot operating valve V and the work equipment operating valve. It was established. In the intermediate switching rotation plate 18,
Hydraulic pipe 14a following intermediate switching rotation plate 18
- The rotatable joints 14, 15, 16, and 17 are provided because the restoring force acts on the portions 15a, 16a, and 17a. The fixed oil road plate 19 is fixed to the main frame of the aircraft body. By changing only the intermediate switching rotation plate 18 by 90 degrees by rotating the first pattern switching lever 2, the oil passage is switched, and the swing work machine operation valve 30 and the arm rotation work machine operation valve 31 are switched. It will be done.

FIG. 5 is a side sectional view of the second switching mechanism interposed between the first switching mechanism and the work equipment operating valve, FIG. 6 is a front view of the second switching mechanism, and FIG. 7 is a lever switching mechanism. A drawing showing the mounting position of the hydraulic pipe to the moving plate 33, FIG. 8 is a drawing showing the relationship between the left operating lever 1L, the right operating lever 1R, and the lever switching rotation plate 33, and FIG. 9 shows the left operating lever 1L and the right operating lever. 1R operation pattern Y/K
・This is a drawing showing the difference between M. As shown in Figures 5 and 6,
The configuration of the second switching mechanism is almost the same as the configuration of the first switching mechanism shown in FIG. 4, but in the case of the first switching mechanism shown in FIG. However, Figure 5 and Figure 6
In the case of the second switching mechanism shown in FIG. 9, the switching is between the operating pattern K and the rear axle case M, and between the left operating lever 1L and the right operating lever 1R,
Furthermore, it is necessary to switch between forward and backward rotation of the operating lever 1 and left and right rotation.

In the present invention, a lever switching rotation plate 33 and a fixed oil passage plate 34 are provided as the second switching mechanism, and the lever switching rotation plate 33 has hydraulic pipes 14a and 34.
In addition to 15a, 16a, and 17a, hydraulic pipes 35, 36, 37, and 38 are connected to the boom work equipment operation valve and the bucket work equipment operation valve operated by the right side operation lever 1R in operation pattern K. It is being done. The first switching mechanism for installing a total of eight hydraulic pipes is constructed as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, and has a lever switching rotation plate 3.
3 can be changed by rotating the second pattern switching lever 32 by 90 degrees with respect to the fixed oil path plate 34. That is, the left operating lever 1
The back and forth rotation of L was used to turn left and right operations, but it was changed to lowering and raising the boom, and the left and right rotation of the left operating lever 1L was used to raise and lower the arm, but now it can be used to raise and lower the bucket. Switch to . In addition, the back and forth rotation of the right control lever 1R was used to lower and raise the boom, but it was switched to raise and lower the arm, and the left and right rotation was used to lower and raise the bucket, but now it is now turned to the left and right. Hydraulic pipes 14a, 15a, 16a, 17a, 35, 36, 3 relative to lever switching rotation plate 33
The placement of 7 and 38 has been decided.

[0013]

[Effects of the Invention] Since the present invention is constructed as described above, the following effects can be achieved. That is, with the configuration as claimed in claim 1, the operation pattern between the single left operation lever 1L can be switched by rotating the pilot operation valve V provided as an essential requirement.
Furthermore, switching between the left and right operating levers 1L and 1R can be performed by a second switching mechanism. This eliminates the need to separately provide a switching valve with a highly accurate spool structure or a switching valve with a rotary valve mechanism between the pilot operating valve V and the work equipment operating valves 30 and 31, as in the conventional technology. . Therefore, it was possible to reduce costs and achieve a simple configuration. Furthermore, since the first pattern switching lever 2 is provided on the operating column 3, there is no need to open the lid of the seat or step to operate the switching mechanism. It is also now possible to change the operating pattern even while driving. Moreover, if only the first switching mechanism is provided, the operation pattern Y and the operation pattern K
However, if this is all that is needed, there is no need to provide the second switching mechanism, and only when switching from operation pattern K to operation pattern M is necessary, the second switching mechanism can be switched automatically. Since the mechanism can be installed, unnecessary equipment can be omitted by making the first switching mechanism and the second switching mechanism completely separate switching mechanisms.

According to the structure of claim 2, only the portion of the pilot valve rotating plate 11 attached below is rotated while the fixed body 13 remains fixed, so that the entire pilot operated valve V is rotated. It is easier to support only the pilot valve rotation plate 11 in a rotatable manner than to support it in a slidable manner. By configuring as in claim 3, the hydraulic pipe 14a, 1 which occurs when the entire pilot operation valve V is rotated.
By interposing the rotatable joint, it was possible to solve the problem of restoring force being generated by 5a, 16a, and 17a or excessive load being applied to the joint part. Further, since the structure is configured as in claim 4, only the rotary cylindrical valve case 22 portion is rotated, and the fixed oil passage pivot support body 21 portion remains fixed to the operation column 3, so that the rotatable joint 14. There is no need to provide 15, 16, and 17, and the swivel joint can be switched by a simple operation of rotating only the rotary cylinder valve case 22. Further, since the structure is configured as in claim 5, a sliding spool type switching valve is provided between the pilot operating valve V and the work equipment operating valves 30 and 31, as in the conventional case.
This eliminates the need for a rotary type switching valve.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a side partial sectional view of an embodiment in which switching is performed by rotating the entire pilot-operated valve V. FIG.

FIG. 2 is a side partial sectional view of an embodiment in which a pilot operated valve is constructed of a fixed main body 13 and a pilot valve rotation plate 11, and only a portion of the pilot valve rotation plate 11 is configured to rotate.

FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of an embodiment in which a pilot operated valve V is constructed from a rotary cylinder valve case 22 and a fixed oil passage pivot support body 21. FIG.

FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of an embodiment in which a switching mechanism is provided between the pilot operating valve V and the swing work machine operating valve 30.

FIG. 5 is a side sectional view showing the second switching mechanism.

FIG. 6 is a front view of the second switching mechanism.

FIG. 7 is a front view showing the coupling arrangement of the hydraulic pipe to the lever switching rotation plate 33.

[Figure 8] Similarly, the left operating lever 1L and the right operating lever 1
R and a hydraulic circuit diagram.

FIG. 9 is a drawing showing the difference between operation patterns Y, K, and M.

[Explanation of symbols]

1L Left side operation lever 1R Right side operation lever 2. 1st pattern switching lever 3L left side operation column 4, 5, 6, 7 Pilot spool 8 Operation disc 9 Fixing bolt 10 Bellows 11 Pilot valve rotation plate 18 Intermediate switching rotation plate 19 Fixed oil road plate 21 Fixed oil path pivot support 22 Rotating cylinder valve case 33 Lever switching rotation plate 34 Fixed oil road plate

Claims (5)

[Claims] Claim 1: In an operating mechanism for a hydraulic working machine, which is provided with a work machine operating valve that operates a work machine actuator and a pilot operating valve that operates the work machine operating valve, the pilot operating valve is provided with an operating lever upright. installed in the operation column,
The pilot operating valve of another work equipment operating valve is configured to be operated by the left and right rotation and front and back rotation of the operating lever, and the pilot operating valve is rotatable around the center of rotation of the operating lever, and the rotation A first switching mechanism is provided that allows the work equipment operating valve to be switched between the left and right rotations and the front and back rotation of the operating lever, and the left and right operating levers are further provided between the first switching mechanism and the work equipment operating valve. An operating mechanism for a hydraulic working machine, characterized in that a second switching mechanism for switching a working machine operating valve is interposed therebetween. 2. The first switching mechanism according to claim 1 is constituted by a pilot operated valve consisting of a fixed body, a pilot valve rotating plate, and a rotatable joint, and by rotating the pilot valve rotating plate, The work equipment operating valve operated by the left and right rotation and front and back rotation of the operating lever can be replaced, and is comprised of a lever switching rotation plate and a fixed oil path plate between the first switching mechanism and the work equipment operation valve. The second
An operating mechanism for a hydraulic working machine characterized by being equipped with a switching mechanism. 3. The first switching mechanism according to claim 1 is configured by making the entire pilot operated valve rotatable,
Furthermore, a rotatable joint is provided on the pilot operation valve, so that the work equipment operation valve operated by left and right rotation and front and back rotation of the operation lever can be replaced, and a lever switching mechanism is provided between the first switching mechanism and the work equipment operation valve. 1. An operating mechanism for a hydraulic working machine, characterized in that a second switching mechanism configured by a rotating plate and a fixed oil path plate is installed. 4. The first switching mechanism according to claim 1 is constituted by a pilot operation valve V consisting of a fixed oil passage pivot body 21 and a rotary cylindrical valve case 22, and only the rotary cylindrical valve case 22 is operated. A work equipment operating valve that rotates about the center of rotation of the lever and is operated by forward and backward rotation and left and right rotation of the operating lever can be replaced, and a lever is provided between the first switching mechanism and the work equipment operating valve. An operating mechanism for a hydraulic working machine, characterized in that a second switching mechanism comprising a switching rotation plate and a fixed oil path plate is installed. 5. In an operating mechanism for a hydraulic working machine that includes a work machine operating valve that operates a work machine actuator and a pilot operating valve that operates the work machine operating valve, the pilot operating valve is provided with an operating lever upright. installed in the operation column,
A pilot operating valve of another work equipment operating valve is operated by the left and right rotation and front and back rotation of the operating lever, and a rotatable joint is provided between the pilot operating valve and the work equipment operating valve. A first switching mechanism constituted by an intermediate switching rotation plate is provided, and further a second switching mechanism constituted by a lever switching rotation plate is arranged in series with the first switching mechanism and between the work equipment operating valve. The first switching mechanism enables switching between the work equipment operating valves operated by left and right rotation and front and back rotation of the operating lever, and the second switching mechanism allows changing the operating pattern between the left and right operating levers 1. An operating mechanism for a hydraulic working machine characterized by: