JPH04222175A - Record analyzer for tunnel wall picture - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To objectively and speedily diagnose the current condition of a tunnel by continuously recording pictures of anomaly generated on the walls of the tunnel. CONSTITUTION:At a vehicle 1 traveling in the tunnel, a photographic head 5 is fitted to adjust the position so that the optical axis of the head 5 can be coincident with the central axis of the arched ceiling of the tunnel, and this head 5 is constituted so as to change the direction orthogonally to the central axis of the arched ceiling of the tunnel. Further, the head 5 is equipped with a prism and a lighting lamp, etc., as well. Thus, when recording continuous pictures in the longitudinally cross sectional direction of the tunnel, the vehicle is traveled along the one side lane of the tunnel, and the tunnel walls are photographed and recorded. On the other hand, in the case of photographing in a laterally cross sectional direction at the arbitrary point of the tunnel, the vehicle 1 is stopped, and the pictures are photographed while rotating the photographic head 5 with the rotary axis of the head 5 as a center. Then, a measurement on this recorded picture is enabled based on the picture, and the current condition of the tunnel walls can be speedily diagnosed.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for recording and analyzing images of tunnel walls, which records and analyzes deformations such as cracks that occur in tunnel walls.

0002

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Conventionally, this type of device is as follows. In recent years, stakeholders have pointed out that the risk of accidents and disasters is increasing as tunnels age, as seen in the collapse of a tunnel roof in Futtsu City, Chiba Prefecture. This is due to the fact that many tunnels in Japan, built before the war, in the late postwar period, or during the period of high economic growth, have deteriorated over time several decades after completion, as well as due to the expansion of the economy in recent years. There is no doubt that the remarkable increase in traffic use is accelerating its deterioration. Needless to say, tunnels (roads) are one of the main infrastructures that support economic society, and have functions that are difficult to obtain other than by penetrating mountains and sea cliffs to form arteries, or by supporting the exchange of living spaces across mountain passes. It is an important structure that provides Therefore, the decline in functionality due to aging poses a risk to the economy and the foundations of people's lives, and it can be said that the maintenance and management of functionality has the same significance as new construction. For the purpose of tunnel maintenance and management, the following methods are used to investigate deformations such as cracks, water seeps, and blisters that occur in tunnel walls. A. Visual inspection and sketches by workers. In this method, maintenance workers actually investigate and record deformations in the designated inspection items inside the tunnel, so work efficiency is poor in poor environments, and the inspection results also Because it reflects the person's physical condition and ability, it lacks objectivity. B. Photography with a still camera. Since this method uses photographic records, objective records can be made, but in order to photograph and record the entire wall of a long tunnel, it is necessary to take a huge number of photographs, which cannot be handled manually. Close to possible. On the other hand, if the private parts are photographed, detailed images such as cracks etc. can be recorded, but the recording of the photographing position etc. of the image must be done separately manually, and later handling is inconvenient, so it is not a simple method. hard. Furthermore, in the case of photography, since it is recorded as a frame image, distortion due to the lens occurs around the image, making it difficult to use for measurement purposes.

0003

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The prior art described above has the following problems. In many cases, work is carried out while traffic is maintained, making it difficult work to be carried out in poor conditions such as the risk of contact with vehicles and the presence of exhaust gas and dust. It is also often pointed out that the results of such work lack objectivity due to individual differences among workers, oversights, or incomplete records of hard-to-reach areas near the top. This is due to unavoidable circumstances related to the work environment as described above, and it is necessary to make improvements. This device uses a tunnel wall image recording and analysis device that moves longitudinally inside the tunnel to continuously record images of deformations that occur in the tunnel wall, thereby allowing objective and rapid diagnosis of tunnel deterioration. The purpose of this technology is to enable quantitative recording of minute deformations that occur locally, and to solve the following problems. A. Inspection work on tunnel walls involves the risk of contact with traffic due to the dust, exhaust gas, and traffic remaining in the tunnel, and the work environment is poor, with insufficient lighting on the tunnel walls. Even in these environments, images of the tunnel walls can be recorded quickly and easily by moving the device toward the tunnel, allowing analysis such as diagnosis of aging of the tunnel walls. B. To record continuous images without distortion using a digital continuous image recording method that does not rely on frame images, and to easily perform measurements on the images. C. Detailed records of the condition of the mine wall can also be recorded.

0004

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is as follows. The gist of the present invention is A. A. For vehicles or trolleys traveling inside the tunnel. The base is attached to a sliding rail whose position can be adjusted so that the optical axis of the photographing head coincides with the central axis of the tunnel ceiling arch, and the photographing head is attached to the base. b. A rotating frame is attached to the photographing head via a rotating shaft that can be rotated in the direction across the tunnel, and a TV camera box is attached within the rotating frame via a forward rotating shaft. c. A multidirectional prism is attached to the front of the TV camera box via a front frame that shares the front rotation axis, and an illumination lamp is also attached. d. Attach a laser scaler to the top of the TV camera box. e. A TV camera with a zoom lens is installed inside the TV camera box. B. An image processing unit, image recording unit, control unit, monitor, and generator are installed on the vehicle or trolley. C. A strike position indicator and a rearview mirror whose mounting position is adjustable are attached to the vehicle or bogie via a sliding rail. This is a tunnel wall image recording device configured as described above.

[0005]

[Effect]A. When recording continuous images in the tunnel longitudinal direction using the tunnel wall image recording device configured as described above, the tunnel wall is photographed and recorded while driving on one lane of the tunnel. At this time, make the following adjustments and work. The base position is changed using a sliding rail to align the optical center of the photographing head with the axis of the tunnel ceiling arch. The four-way prism is positioned in front of the TV camera box. The optical axis of the TV camera is made to coincide with the axis of the tunnel ceiling arch. The pit wall directly facing each prism is illuminated with an illumination lamp. Travel while checking with the strike position indicator and rearview mirror to ensure that the optical axis of the TV camera is maintained at a constant position within the tunnel. When images of the tunnel wall are taken while traveling in this way, the tunnel ceiling is always maintained at a constant distance from the tunnel wall, and the parts of the tunnel wall that directly face each prism are captured simultaneously (for example, in four directions) and continuously. Can be photographed. This image is captured as digital image data on the frame memory inside the image processing unit, and the tunnel crossing line at the shooting position is on the virtual line located on the image captured from each prism.
Each pixel data on the frame memory is taken in, rearranged to the coordinate position to be located on the virtual expanded image, and made into one row of element images. An electric pulse signal generated at a certain minute distance is repeated as a trigger signal, and the element images of each row are sequentially arranged on the expanded image memory to obtain a continuous tunnel wall image. B. In addition, when using this device to take continuous cross-sectional images of any part of a tunnel, stop the vehicle or trolley at the desired location in the tunnel, change the base position using the sliding rail, and rotate the imaging head. Align the axis with the center axis of the tunnel ceiling arch. Bend the TV camera box, front frame, and four-way prism at right angles from the center axis of the tunnel ceiling arch around the front rotation axis. Among the four-way prisms, the tunnel wall surfaces directly facing the two prisms facing the tunnel wall are illuminated with illumination lamps. By adjusting in this way and photographing while rotating the imaging head around the rotation axis, images of the tunnel wall in the transverse direction and images of the tunnel wall directly facing the prism in at least two directions can be obtained simultaneously from a substantially constant distance. , and can be photographed continuously. This image is imported into the frame memory in the image processing unit in the same way as in A above, and the image is stored in the expanded image memory using the electric pulses generated at every constant minute rotation angle from the pulse encoder attached to the rotating shaft or motor as a trigger signal. By reconstructing the images, it is possible to obtain continuous images in the tunnel cross direction. C. In addition, when attempting to obtain a detailed image of a local part of the mine wall using this device, adjust the position of the photographing head in the same manner as in B above, and a. Only the TV camera box is bent at right angles to the rotation frame about the front rotation axis, and the TV camera and zoom lens are made to directly face the mine wall surface. b. The mine wall is illuminated by an illumination lamp pointing toward the TV camera. c. By moving the vehicle or trolley and rotating around the rotation axis, the TV camera is brought to face directly the part of the mine wall that is to be photographed. d. A laser scaler projects the scale onto the mine wall. D. The zoom is adjusted depending on the condition of the mine wall surface, and this image is digitally recorded on a frame memory within the image processing unit. At this time, on the image, a. Fixed size scale by laser scaler b.
Distance information is displayed by a ranging wheel, and information about the rotation axis is displayed by a pulse encoder attached to the rotation axis, and the information is recorded together with detailed images of the mine wall.

The above will be explained in detail with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9. Fig. 8 shows a method of continuously recording images of the entire circumference of a tunnel wall by moving scanning using the device of the present invention, in which a four-way prism is attached to the photographing head and the photographing range of each prism is built-in. The zoom lens is adjusted to a 45 degree range. That is, FIG.
shows the shooting condition on the outbound trip, the optical center of the shooting head is adjusted to match the central axis of the tunnel ceiling arch, and the four-way prism is fixed so that it faces the four directions of the top, bottom, left, and right. There is. Now, when the illumination lamps in each direction are turned on and the vehicle is moved, band-shaped images in four directions at 45 degrees are continuously recorded as shown in the figure. In the figure, 13A indicates a range that is photographed on the outward journey, and 13B indicates a range that is not photographed on the outward journey, but this range 13B will be photographed on the return journey, which will be described later. FIG. 9 shows the photographing state on the return trip, in which the direction of the photographing head is rotated by 45 degrees with respect to the case of FIG. 8, and the same image recording as in A is performed. By recording continuous images in one round trip in Figures 8 and 9 shown above, the entire range of the tunnel wall has been photographed and recorded.
These can be combined to obtain a series of mine wall development images. In addition, in order to record more detailed images, the photographing range with the four-way prism is expanded by adjusting the zoom lens, and continuous recording is performed in the same way as in A. From then on, the photographing head is adjusted by the angle of the photographing range. It rotates, records images repeatedly, and records and synthesizes images of the entire pit wall to obtain a developed image of the pit wall. Figure 10 shows a method of recording an image of the entire circumference of a tunnel wall at a certain point by rotational scanning using the present invention. This shows a method of simultaneously photographing images in two directions and scanning and recording by rotating the photographing head. By moving the vehicle through the range captured in one rotational scan and performing rotational scanning at the next location, it is possible to obtain a full-circle image of each location, which can be combined to create a continuous mine wall image. A developed image can be obtained. In this case, the same effect can be obtained without stopping the vehicle by moving the vehicle continuously over the photographing range in synchronization with the half-rotation period of the rotary head and recording the tunnel wall in a spiral manner. be able to.

[0007]

[Example] An example will be described with reference to the drawings. B is a recording analysis device for tunnel wall images according to the present invention. 1 is a vehicle, and 2 is a distance measuring vehicle equipped with a pulse encoder disposed at the rear end of the rear center of the vehicle. In addition to the illustration, this vehicle may be a towed trolley. Reference numeral 3 denotes a rearview mirror for confirming the strike position located on the front right side of the front of the vehicle, and the center of the rearview mirror for confirming the strike position is the same distance from the vehicle as the strike position indicator 12 and forms a line parallel to the vehicle. It is installed on the line (center line). Reference numeral 4 denotes a support part for the photographing head, which is configured to have upper and lower sliding rails 4A attached to the upper and lower rear surfaces of the vehicle in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction of the vehicle, and to be movable left and right along the upper and lower sliding rails 4A. A vertical moving frame 4B and a left and right vertical frame 4 connected to the right side of the up and down moving frame.
C, and a base 4D configured in the shape of a square frame in front, which is configured to be able to rise and fall freely with respect to the left and right vertical frames, between the left and right vertical frames.
It is composed of. 4D1 is a height fixing knob that raises the base 4D along the left and right vertical frames to a desired height and fixes it at that position. Reference numeral 5 denotes a photographing head rotatably supported at the center of the base 4D in a direction opposite to the traveling direction of the vehicle. 6 is a monitor connected to the photographing head, 7 is an image processing unit connected to the photographing head, 8 is a control unit connected to the photographing head, 9 is an image recording unit connected to the image processing unit 7, and 10 is a control. A generator connected to unit 8, which controls the monitor, image processing unit, control unit, image recording unit,
The generator is installed on the vehicle. Reference numeral 11 denotes a strike position indicator, which is suspended at an intermediate position between the left and right vertical frames 4C connected to the right portion of the lower moving frame 4B. 12 is the center line, 13 is the tunnel ceiling arch, 1
4 is the center of the tunnel ceiling arch, and 15 is a warning light. Although not shown in the drawings, a skylight may be provided on the ceiling of the vehicle as necessary to allow confirmation of the work status. Next, details of the photographing head 5 will be explained. 5A
is a fixed frame configured in a cylindrical shape with a predetermined diameter, and the base 4D
It is attached at the center of the vehicle 1 in a state parallel to the traveling direction of the vehicle 1. Reference numeral 5B denotes a front frame rotation shaft, which is composed of a cylindrical body rotatably inserted into a fixed frame. Reference numeral 5C denotes a rotating frame, which is composed of left and right plate parts 5C1 connected in parallel to the rear end of the front frame rotation shaft 5B, and a rotation gear 5D is fixed to the front end of the front frame rotation shaft 5B. , and a hole for pulling in the cable 5E is provided at the center of this rotating gear. Further, a motor 5G equipped with a pulse encoder 5F is attached to the outer upper surface of the fixed frame 5A, and this motor is connected to the rotation gear 5 through a rotation gear 5H on the motor side.
Connected to D. 5I is a TV camera box arranged in a rotating frame 5C, and a front rotating shaft 5J that protrudes outward from the center of the left and right side walls of the TV camera box is located near the rear end of the rotating frame 5C. It penetrates into the hole and is attached to the rotating frame 5A so as to be able to rise and fall freely. This front rotation axis 5
A frame fixing screw 5K is screwed into one end of B. Therefore, a TV camera 5M with a rear-facing zoom lens 5L is housed inside the TV camera box, and is fixed to the TV camera box using a TV camera fixing screw, and a laser scaler is mounted on the top surface of the TV camera 5M. 5N is installed. 5O is a front frame, which is composed of left and right plate parts 5O1 that are configured parallel to the left and right plate parts of the rotation frame 5C, the front rotation shaft 5J is penetrated into the tip part, and the front A rectangular prism mounting frame 5P is arranged in series, a four-way prism 5P1 is mounted on the inner surface of the prism mounting frame, and an illumination lamp 5Q is mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the prism mounting frame. This prism may be a four-directional prism, a three-directional prism having a right-angled isosceles shape, or a ring-shaped prism. Reference numeral 5R denotes a front frame positioning stopper that projects outward from the side surface of the rotating frame 5C, and is locked when the front frame 5O is erected. 5S
is a TV camera positioning stopper hung on the rear lower surface of the rotating frame 5C, and is locked when the TV camera box 5I is erected. The data processing system of this device is an image processing analysis system installed in the vehicle, and is basically handled using a digital method. The signal processing flow of the system is shown in FIG. Additionally, the overall system supports the following three functions. A. Ability to record images of the mine wall by moving and rotating scanning. B. A function to record images of the mine wall using frame photography. C. Digital file creation, analysis, and search functions for the above images. Furthermore, the method of recording a pit wall image by moving scanning is as shown in FIG.

[0008]

[Effects of the Invention] Since the present invention is constructed as described above, it produces the following effects. A. All images can be recorded while driving inside the tunnel. In other words, since the vehicle is configured to carry all the equipment necessary for recording images of tunnel walls,
A series of tasks can be carried out on-site, from image recording to understanding tunnel conditions. B. For image recording, the following two methods can be selected or used in combination. a. Scanning recording by moving the vehicle or rotating the photographing head for the purpose of recording the entire tunnel (recording the entire circumference of the tunnel). b. Frame image recording for recording local details. C. Since the scanning image is created by moving the vehicle or rotating the imaging head, there is no distortion in the image at least in the direction of movement, and distortion within the scanning width can also be corrected by changing the position of each pixel. As a result, an accurate developed image can be obtained. This allows measurement on the image based on this image. D. All image records are digitally recorded, allowing for quantitative handling and search display. E. Scanning and recording of the entire tunnel wall can be done with one lane open on each side, and the recording can be completed in one round trip.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view from the rear with one portion cut away.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view from the back in a working state.

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view from the rear with a portion of the photographing head cut away.

FIG. 5 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the front frame rotating shaft portion that supports the imaging head;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view illustrating the operation of the photographing head.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view illustrating the operation of the photographing head.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view illustrating a photographing state on the outward journey.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view illustrating a photographing state on the return trip.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view illustrating a photographing state at a certain point.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart of signal processing of the system.

FIG. 12 is a chart diagram of a method of recording a mine wall image by moving scanning.

[Explanation of symbols]

B Tunnel wall image recording analysis device 1 Vehicle 2 Ranging vehicle with pulse encoder 3 Rearview mirror for checking strike position 4 Support part of photographing head 5 Shooting head 6. Monitor 7 Image processing unit 8 Control unit 9 Image recording unit 10 Generator 11 Strike position indicator

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A tunnel wall, characterized in that an optical system capable of viewing in multiple directions simultaneously is moved along the center of a tunnel ceiling arch to record continuous images of the tunnel wall. Image recording and analysis device. [Claim 2] A photographing head is mounted on a vehicle or a trolley moving inside a tunnel via a sliding rail and a base so that its position can be adjusted so that the optical axis of the photographing head coincides with the central axis of the tunnel ceiling arch. The recording and analysis device for tunnel wall images according to claim 1. 3. A TV camera box in which a rotating frame is attached to the photographing head via a rotating shaft that can be rotated in a direction across the tunnel, and a TV camera with a zoom lens is built into the rotating frame via a forward rotating shaft. The recording and analysis of tunnel wall images according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein a multidirectional prism is attached to the front of the TV camera box via a front frame that shares the front rotation axis, and an illumination lamp is further attached. Device. 4. The tunnel wall image recording and analysis apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a laser scaler is attached to the upper part of the TV camera box.