JPH04216769A - Wall-surface structural material for building - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simplify execution by fixing rail-like members having projected threads up and down to a skeleton and, at the same time, loading inorganic surface plates having recessed grooves on up and down edges to fill joints with calkings. CONSTITUTION:Rail-like members 4 having an upper projected thread 5 and a lower projected thread 6 are fixed to a skeleton at a specific interval. While, the surface of a kiln system inorganic material requires mirror plane plane treatment to provide recessed grooves 2 and 3 on up and down edges of the surface plates 1 applying a weatherproof coating material on them. After that, the surface plates 1 are loaded to the rail-like members 4, and joints are filled with calking materials to complete an external wall. According to the constitution, wallboards having designing efficiency can be easily provided.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a material for constructing wall surfaces of buildings, which comprises a panel material and a bar material incorporated therein.

0002

[Prior Art] In order to obtain smooth and beautiful walls of concrete buildings and other types of buildings, methods such as finishing the wall surface flat and painting it with paint or pasting tiles, metal plates, etc. are used. ing. In particular, when changing the wall surface of an existing building to one with a new design, either demolish the existing wall surface and construct a new wall surface, or scrape the surface of the wall surface and make it a flat surface, painting it with paint or pasting tiles, etc. Methods such as these are being used. All of these methods are quite cumbersome, resulting in long construction periods and high costs.

0003

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The present invention is a wall material that does not require painting or pasting with tiles, etc., has a smooth and beautiful surface and appropriate base material characteristics, and is easy to install and remove. The aim is to provide a completely new type of building wall construction material that is capable of

0004

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the wall construction material of a building according to the present invention is a ceramic inorganic board whose surface is mirror-finished and finished with a weather-resistant paint, and which has grooves on the side surface. The grooves of the facing material fit into the ridges of the built-in bar material attached to the building frame, and the joints between the facing materials are caulked. The feature is that the wall surface is constructed by filling the wall with material.

[0005] Examples of the ceramic inorganic board which is the substrate of the face material in the present invention include slag gypsum cement board, calcium silicate board, cement calcium silicate board, asbestos slate board, wood wool cement board, and fiber reinforced cement such as GRC. Boards, other ceramic-based noncombustible building materials, and asbestos-free substrates thereof can be used.

It is desirable that these substrates be as light and strong as possible in consideration of workability as a face material and durability of the wall surface including the built-in bar material and the frame. In the manufacturing process, for example, in the case of a substrate subjected to high-pressure pressing, satisfactory bending strength and compressive strength can be obtained, but the hardness tends to become too high. If the hardness becomes too high, cracks or chips may appear in the grooves when machining to create grooves on the sides, or when strong force is applied to the face material after it is assembled into the built-in bar material. It becomes easier to Therefore, a substrate suitable for the face material of the present invention needs to have flexible characteristics that do not become too hard while ensuring strength.

In order to have these characteristics in a well-balanced manner, a preferable characteristic value is a bulk specific gravity (S) of 1.0±.
0.1g/cm3, bending strength 200kg/cm2 or more,
Specific strength 165kg/cm2・s2 or more, deflection 10-1
It is 5mm

Furthermore, the surface of the substrate is polished to a mirror-like finish. Generally, when ceramic-based inorganic boards are mirror-finished, pinholes, scratches, and
Fuzzing is likely to occur. In order to suppress these problems, we have developed a putty that has good adhesion to the base material and reduces meat thinning, and then polishes and
After going through processes such as surfacer treatment, it is finally painted with a weather-resistant paint such as fluororesin paint or inorganic paint. Through this series of processing, a durable wall material with a smooth and beautiful surface, rich in design, and excellent weather resistance, chemical resistance, acid resistance, alkali resistance, etc. can be obtained.

[0009] The thus obtained face material is further provided with grooves on both upper and lower sides thereof to be fitted into the protrusions of the built-in bar material. A typical shape of the face material is as shown in FIG. 1, and an upper groove 2 and a lower groove 3 are provided on both upper and lower sides of the face material 1. Also, if the side surface is not provided with a groove, one side (
It has a so-called stepped shape in which one corner of the front side (or both sides) is cut out, and a joint portion 21 is naturally formed between adjacent face materials. In some cases, a shape without this step is also used.

The built-in bar material is mainly made of metal such as aluminum, stainless steel, or hot-dip galvanized steel plate, and its typical shape is as shown in FIG. An upper protrusion 5 and a lower protrusion 6 are provided which fit into the upper protrusion 5 and lower protrusion 6.

[0011] In order to assemble the facing material into the built-in bar material, FIG. 3a
As shown in Figure 3b, after attaching the built-in bar material 4 to the building frame 8 with screws 7 (or welding, attachment, etc.), insert the upper groove 2 of the face material into the lower protrusion 6 of the built-in bar material, and then The lower groove 3 of the material is dropped into the upper protrusion 5 of the assembled bar material and fitted.

[0012] According to this method, the installation and removal of the face material (the reverse procedure of installation) can be carried out extremely easily, and so-called one-touch construction is possible.

Next, the basic groove shape and protrusion shape of the face material and built-in bar material according to the present invention are set, and the relationship between each part is shown. In FIG. 4, l1>l2, l5>l4, l1≒ l5
When l3>l4, the difference needs to be 0.2 mm or more, preferably about 2 to 5 mm, and there is a relationship of l2-l3≈l4. Also, h2
>h4 and the difference is 0.1mm or more, preferably 1mm
The size is necessary, and if it becomes too large, the durability will decrease. Furthermore, h3>h1 is more preferable. The reason for this is that when considering the load when positive and negative wind pressure is applied to the wall surface, firstly, when positive wind pressure is applied, that is, a load that presses down from the surface, the back side of the face material hits the bottom 9 of the built-in bar material, so the bottom 9 However, if a negative wind pressure, that is, a tensile load is applied to the surface, the end 10 of the face material will directly support the load, and the thickness of h3 The breaking load is determined by Therefore, it is better to make h3 larger than h1 to the extent possible. In fact, the relationship between l1 and l5 and the relationship between h1 and h4 are as follows:
It is necessary to make a decision by considering the type, strength and other physical properties of the face material, processing accuracy, the material, strength and other physical properties of the built-in bar material, processing accuracy, and workability during construction.

Specific examples of construction methods and procedures for attaching the wall material of the present invention to various building frames are as follows.

A. In the case of a concrete frame (RC, PC, mortar, etc.) (1) As shown in Figure 5, the adjuster 11 is fixed to the frame 15 with anchor bolts 12 and nuts 13, and the unevenness is adjusted by raising and lowering the adjustment part 14 to reduce the weight. A lip channel steel (or L-shaped angle) 16 is attached with screws 7, and the built-in bar material 4 is attached with screws 7.

(2) As shown in FIG. 6, a lightweight lip channel steel (or L-shaped angle) 16 is attached to the anchor bolt 1.
2. Fix to the frame 15 with nuts 13 and attach the built-in bar material 4 with screws 7.

B. When the base material is lightweight lip channel steel or other steel material, the wall construction material of the present invention has sufficient strength and durability as an exterior and interior wall surface of a building, and therefore can be used as a wall surface of a building frame by itself. Therefore, concrete on top of steel, AL
It is possible to directly install the built-in bar material with screws without performing construction work such as C.

C. In the case of ALC, extrusion molded boards, etc., as shown in Fig. 7, a lightweight lip channel steel (or steel material such as L-shaped angle or flat bar material) 16 is fixed with bolts 18 and nuts 19 passing through the back side of the board 20, The built-in bar material 4 is attached thereon with screws 7.

[0019] Once the face material has been assembled into the built-in bar material,
The joint portion 21 is filled with caulking material 22 to complete the construction of the wall surface using the facing material. Filling with caulking material prevents rainwater from leaking from the joints, and also improves the durability of the wall surface by joining the facing materials together.

[0020] As the caulking material, silicone-based, modified silicone-based, urethane-based, acrylic-based, polysulfide-based, etc. can be used, but modified silicone-based is most preferable in consideration of durability, adhesive strength, appearance after aging, etc. . It is necessary to apply the caulking material after applying primer treatment to the adhering area, but in order to allow the filled and bonded caulking material to freely expand and contract in the direction of the double-sided materials, double-sided adhesion is applied only to the sides of the double-sided materials. Basic. The role of caulking in the wall structure is extremely important, and as it affects the waterproofness, strength, and durability of the wall after construction, strict construction management is required.

[0021] Regarding the construction method and materials for fitting and attaching grooved plate materials to joiners with protrusions, please refer to the Japanese Patent Publication No. 6
Descriptions can be found in publications such as No. 1-47257 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-66981, all of which relate to the attachment of tiles made of ceramics, artificial marble, etc. to the walls of buildings. The present invention aims to provide a wall material that constitutes the wall surface of a building using a ceramic inorganic board, which has been widely used as a wall material for buildings in recent years, as a substrate. , the structure is naturally different.

[0022]

[Examples] Next, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples. All parts and percentages hereinafter are based on weight.

[0023]

[Example 1] In order to obtain a slag gypsum cement board having preferable properties as a facing material substrate in the present invention, the manufacturing method described in the specification of Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-31468 by the present inventor was used. , manufactured by the following method.

80 parts of granulated blast furnace slag, 20 parts of dihydric gypsum
A slurry was prepared by adding water to a mixture consisting of 5 parts of Portland cement, 5 parts of asbestos, 5 parts of pulp, 5 parts of perlite, and 5 parts of calcium aluminate trisulfate hydrate, and 50 pp of flocculant was added during molding using a paper machine.
It was molded into a plate-shaped body while adding m. After leaving the plate at room temperature for 48 hours, the temperature was raised stepwise and the temperature was increased to 80°C for 24 hours.
After steam curing for several hours, it was dried to obtain a substrate with a thickness of 12 mm. Furthermore, grooves with a width of 3.5 mm and a depth of 15 mm were formed on the top and bottom sides of the substrate using a router using a diamond cutter. This board was assembled into a built-in bar material attached to a lightweight lip channel steel to form a board assembly test piece.

[0025]

[Example 2] Of the raw materials blended in Example 1, 1 part of microfibrillated cellulose and 1 part of organic synthetic fiber were used instead of 5 parts of asbestos, and the other parts were the same as in Example 1, except that the same dimensions were used. An asbestos substrate was obtained. Furthermore, this board was made into an integrated test piece by the same method as in Example 1.

[0026]

[Comparative Example] Both sides of a commercially available asbestos slate plate with a thickness of 15 mm were polished with a belt sander to make the thickness uniform, thereby obtaining a substrate having the same dimensions as in Example 1. This board was used as an integrated test piece in the same manner as in Example 1. Physical property tests were carried out on the substrates obtained in the above Examples and Comparative Examples and their assembled test bodies, and the results are shown in Table 1.

As shown in the table, Example 1 and Example 2
The substrate obtained in Example 1 sufficiently satisfies the substrate characteristics preferable as a face material of the present invention, and the substrate obtained in Comparative Example does not satisfy the characteristics. Therefore, a load test is carried out from the front and back while it is assembled as a wall (the built-in bar material is screwed to a lightweight lip channel steel, the back panel is fitted to the built-in bar material, and the front and back surfaces of the panel material are broken, respectively). (We conducted a test where linear pressure was applied.) A clear difference was also seen. In addition, some of the substrates of comparative examples had cracks or chips in the hollowed parts after the side surfaces were rounded, and results were obtained that were unsuitable for use as substrates for face materials in the present invention.

[0028]

[Example 3] The substrate obtained in Example 1 was polished to a mirror finish, and finally painted with a fluororesin paint to obtain the surface material of the present invention. A physical property test was conducted on this face material, and the results are shown in Table 2. As shown in the table, a wall material having excellent physical and chemical properties as a wall material for buildings, particularly for exterior walls, was obtained.

Next, this face material is assembled into the built-in bar material,
The joints between the facing materials were filled with a modified silicone caulking material to form the walls.

A watertight test and a wind pressure test were conducted on this wall surface, and the results are shown in Table 3, Table 4-1, and Table 4-2. As shown in the table, the wall surface constructed by the wall material according to the present invention has excellent watertightness and a water resistance of 350 to 400 kg/cm.
It has been proven that it has a wind pressure resistance of 200 m2 and has sufficient strength as a wall for a building with a height of about 30 m above ground.

[0031] These wall performance tests were conducted at the Building Materials Testing Center (Foundation), and it was found that the performance was unprecedented for a building wall composed of a panel material and a built-in bar material. ``Construction Materials Test Information'' published by the same center, June 1990 issue, pages 11 to 22.
The test results were published on the page.

[0032]

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, the building wall construction material of the present invention has a smooth and beautiful surface rich in design and sufficient performance to constitute a wall by itself, and has It consists of a face material with a groove for fitting, and an integrated bar material that allows the face material to be installed and removed with a single touch. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a wall surface with excellent design with simple construction, without using the conventional method of constructing a base wall surface, finishing the surface with a flat surface, and pasting paint or tiles on it. It is possible to shorten the construction period and reduce costs. At the same time, it goes without saying that it is also possible to easily change the design of the wall surface and replace some of the wall materials.

[0033] Furthermore, when changing the design of an existing building wall (RC, PC, mortar, ALC, etc.), conventional methods involve demolishing the wall and constructing a new wall, or scraping the wall surface to create a flat finish. However, according to the wall material of the present invention, it is extremely easy to install the built-in bar material on the wall surface of an existing building and incorporate the facing material into it. It is now possible to make changes to the design, resulting in significant shortening of construction time and cost savings.

Further, the wall surface made of the structural material of the present invention is integrated by filling the joints between the facing materials incorporated in the built-in bar material with caulking material, and has sufficient strength and strength as a building wall surface.
It provides durability and an excellent design without degrading the design due to nailing and screwing the surface of the facing material.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an example of a panel material according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an example of the built-in bar material according to the present invention.

FIG. 3a is a perspective view of an example wall constructed with a facing and built-in bars according to the invention;

FIG. 3b is a cross-sectional view of the above.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view showing an example of a state in which the groove of the face material according to the present invention is fitted into the protrusion of the assembled bar material.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view showing an example of a state in which the built-in bar material according to the present invention is attached to a concrete frame.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view showing an example of a state in which the built-in bar material according to the present invention is attached to a steel material.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged sectional view showing an example of a state in which the built-in bar material according to the present invention is attached to a board.

[Explanation of symbols]

1　Facing material 2 Upper groove 3 Lower groove 4 Built-in bar material 5 Upper protrusion 6 Lower protrusion 7 Screws 8 Building framework 9 Bottom of built-in bar material 10　Face material end 11 Adjuster 12 Anchor bolt 13 Nut 14 Adjustment section 15 Concrete frame 16 Lightweight lip channel steel 17 Adjustment nut 18 bolts 19 Nut 20 Board 21 Joint 22 Caulking material

[Table 1]

[Table 2]

[Table 3]

[Table 4-1]

[Table 4-2]

Claims (1)

[Claims] Claim 1: A building frame consisting of a face material made of a ceramic inorganic board whose surface is mirror-finished and finished with a weather-resistant paint and grooves formed on the side surfaces, and built-in bar materials having ridges on the top and bottom. A material for constructing a wall surface of a building, characterized in that the wall surface is constructed by fitting the grooves of the facing material into the protrusions of the built-in bar material attached to the wall material, and filling the joints between the facing materials with caulking material.