JPH0421093Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an apparatus for performing a bending test on the shaft of an engine valve used to open and close intake and exhaust ports of an engine.

[Conventional technology]

An engine valve used to open and close the intake and exhaust ports of an engine consists of a shaft with an umbrella portion formed at one end. The umbrella portion is in strong pressure contact with the intake and exhaust ports from inside the cylinder due to the urging force applied to the engine valve by the spring.

Since the end face of the shaft is repeatedly pressed strongly by one end of the rocker arm that swings in conjunction with the cam, martensitic steel, which can be hardened by quenching, is used as the material.

Small engine valves are generally manufactured from a single material, martensitic. However, manufacturing large engine valves from a single material made of martensite alone would be expensive, so we used engine valves made from inexpensive austenite with martensite welded to the shaft end, or alternatively, welded martensite to the shaft end of engine valves made from inexpensive austenite. One part of the shaft is made of austenite, the remaining part of the shaft forming the shaft end is made of martensite, and the ends of both shafts are joined by welding.

Engine valves made by welding shafts made of different materials must be sampled from a suitable number and subjected to a bending test in order to check for defects in the welds and to check the mechanical properties of the shaft. .

To strictly examine the mechanical performance of shaft bending, it is necessary to use a commercially available bending tester that is certified as an official material testing machine, but due to the large number of engine valves to be tested, the above method is not suitable. Testing with a testing machine is not possible. Therefore, in factories, relatively simple bending testers are used that can perform bending tests on shafts at the manufacturing site.

In FIGS. 2 and 3, 51 indicates an example of a conventional bending tester.

The base of a bracket 54 is fixed to the left side of a substrate 53 fixed to the upper surface of the table 52 with screws 55. The gripping member 56 consists of a screw 58 to which a block 57 is fixed at its right end, and a stopper member 61 whose base is inserted into the right side of the block 57 and fixed to the block 57 by a bolt 59.

The screw 58 is inserted into a hole (not shown) drilled in the upper part of the bracket 54, and is attached to the bracket 54 by tightening a pair of nuts 62.

Mounting base 6 fixed to the upper right side of the board 53
3 and a guide plate 64 whose base is fixed on the base plate 53 at the rear of the mounting base 63 and has a forward-facing projecting piece 64a on its upper part, a guide groove 65 is formed as shown in FIG. A plate-shaped gripping member 66 is inserted into the guide groove 65, and by pressing the top surface of the gripping member 66 with a screw 67 screwed into the protrusion 64a, the gripping member 66 can be attached to the board 53.
is fixed.

A lever 68 whose base is fixed to the right end of the gripping member 66 is guided by inserting its base into a block 69 whose base is fixed to the substrate 53.

The engine valve 71 has an umbrella portion 7 at one end of the shaft 72.
It is made up of parts that form the number 3. The umbrella portion 73 and a portion of the shaft 72a continuous thereto are made of austenite, and the shaft 72c on the shaft end portion 72b side is made of austenite.
It is made of martensite material and has both shafts 72.
a, 72c are welded together at the welded portion 74.

A base portion of a short column 75 having a circular cross section is detachably attached to the upper left portion of the mounting base 63. This short column 75 is located close to one side of the shaft 72 (in the embodiment, the right side).

An arcuate portion 76 is formed at the lower right corner of the board 53, and on the board 53 along this arcuate portion 76 there is a mark for reading the bending angle of the shaft 72 of the engine valve 71 which is bent as will be described later. A scale plate 77 is provided.

78 is a relatively long lever having a mounting hole 79 into which a part of the shaft end side of the shaft 72 of the engine valve 71 can be loosely inserted.

By appropriately adjusting the position of the gripping mechanism 81 consisting of the gripping members 56, 66, etc., the engine valve 71 can be mounted at the neck portion 7 with the shaft end 72 facing forward.
The shaft 72 on the third side is gripped.

Conventionally, in the bending test of the shaft 72 using the above-mentioned bending test machine, a lever 78 is attached to the shaft 72 as shown in FIG.
With the rear end attached, one or two people manually rotate the lever 78 in the direction of the arrow.

When the shaft 72 is bent, the sides of the shaft 72
While being pressed against the side of the short column 75, the press contact portion is expanded along a part of the circumferential surface of the short column 75. The short pillar 75 corresponds to the size of the outer diameter of the shaft 72.
It has been replaced with one with the appropriate radius.

When bending the shaft 72, the bending angle of the shaft 72 is measured by visually measuring the value at which the right side of the shaft 72 coincides with the scale 77. This reading is taken by another worker who is holding the table 52 to prevent it from moving.

In this way, when the shaft 72 is bent to a certain predetermined angle, for example, 40 degrees, the welded portion 7 of the shaft 72
4 is checked for cracks or breakage phenomena, or if the shaft 72 breaks before bending the shaft 72 to a predetermined angle, the angle at that time is read.

[Problem that the invention attempts to solve]

In the bending test using the above-mentioned testing machine, a large amount of worker power is required to bend the shaft, and two or three workers are required: one to operate the lever 78 and the other to hold the table 52. There is a problem in that it requires a human worker.

In addition, the bending angle of the shaft 72 is difficult to read on the scale 77 on the board 53, and when the shaft 72 is bent,
If you bring your face close to the scale 77, when the shaft 72 breaks, the umbrella portion 73 and the shaft 7 that is continuous with it will break.
There is a risk that a part of 2 may spring upward and cause injury to the worker.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention consists of a board fixed to the top surface of a table, a gripping mechanism provided on the board, and a gripping mechanism provided on the board, in which the neck side of the engine valve shaft, whose shaft end faces forward, is removable. located close to the side of the engine valve shaft,
a short column whose base is removably attached to the base plate and stands upright; a hydraulic cylinder whose base is pivoted to a suitable position on the table on the side of the short column and whose free end is rotatable laterally; A hydraulic cylinder device consisting of a piston rod that is movable in a cylinder and whose free end faces forward, a hydraulic pump that supplies pressure oil to this hydraulic cylinder, and a mounting hole into which the shaft end of an engine valve can be removably inserted. An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems by providing an adapter which has a free end thereof and a base portion which is detachably attached to the free end of the piston rod.

[Effect]

According to the present invention, with the adapter provided at the free end of the piston rod attached to the end of the shaft of the engine valve, pressure oil is supplied into the hydraulic cylinder by the hydraulic pump, and the piston rod is retracted into the hydraulic cylinder. As a result, a bending test on the shaft of an engine valve can be easily carried out by one operator without any effort.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below based on FIG.

Components having the same functions as those shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 are designated by the same reference numerals, and their explanations will be omitted.

On the table 52 on the right side of the short column 75 of the gripping mechanism 81, the base of the hydraulic cylinder 1 with its free end facing forward is rotatably attached to the shaft 2. A hydraulic cylinder device 4 is constituted by the hydraulic cylinder 1 and the piston rod 3 that is movable forward and backward from its free end.

A base portion of an adapter 5 is removably pivoted to the free end of the piston rod 3 by a shaft 6, and a mounting hole 7 is bored at the free end through which a shaft 72 of an engine valve 71 can be inserted and removed. ing.

8 is a scale plate fixed on the table 52 by screws 9, and 11 is an indicator integrally formed at the end of the adapter 5 on the base side.

A hydraulic pump 13 is located on the upper right side of the table 52.
are fixed in the front and back directions. A base portion of an operating lever 14 is pivotally attached to the rear portion of the hydraulic pump 13 via a shaft 15 .

A switching valve 17 is provided at the rear end of the hydraulic pump 13, and the base of a switching lever 16 is pivotally attached to the upper part of the switching valve 17. End portions 18a and 19a of hydraulic hoses 18 and 19 are connected to a pair of oil ports (not shown) provided in this switching valve 17, respectively. The other ends of the hydraulic hoses 18 and 19 are connected to the base and free ends of the hydraulic cylinder 1, respectively.

The hydraulic pump 13 is connected to a hydraulic tank (not shown) provided below the table 52, and by manually moving the free end 14a of the operating lever 14 up and down, the pressure oil in the hydraulic tank is supplied to the switching valve. It is now being sent to the 17th side.

When the switching lever 16, which is in the neutral position as shown in FIG. The pressure oil is returned into the hydraulic tank through the hydraulic hose 19, and the piston rod 3 advances from the hydraulic cylinder 1.

Conversely, with the switching valve 16 set to position B,
When the operating lever 14 is moved up and down, pressure oil is supplied to the free end side of the hydraulic cylinder 1, and the pressure oil on the base side is returned to the hydraulic tank via the hydraulic hose 18, thereby causing the piston rod 3 to move. , is returned into the hydraulic cylinder 1.

The engine valve 71 is constructed by inserting the shaft 72 of the piston rod 3 into the mounting hole 7 of the adapter 5 with the piston rod 3 extending an appropriate length from the hydraulic cylinder device 4, and gripping the shaft 72 on the umbrella portion 73 side. Mechanism 8
1, preparation for the bending test is completed.

With the switching lever 16 set at position B, the operating lever 14 is operated to move the piston rod 3 back into the hydraulic cylinder 1, thereby gradually bending the shaft 72 of the engine valve 71 in the direction of the arrow 21. .

The bending angle at this time can be easily measured by reading the value indicated by the indicator 11 on the scale plate 8.

In this way, the shaft 72 of the engine valve 71
Whether or not a rupture occurs at the welded portion 74 of the shaft 72 within a certain predetermined angle when the
Alternatively, in the case of a breakage, the angle etc. at that time are inspected.

In the above embodiment, a manual hydraulic pump 13 is used as the pump for supplying pressure oil to the hydraulic cylinder device 4, but an electric hydraulic pump may be used instead. It is.

[Effect of idea]

According to the present invention, the end side of the shaft of the engine valve, which is gripped by the shaft on the umbrella side, is attached to the adapter provided on the piston rod, and pressure oil is supplied to the free end side of the hydraulic cylinder, so that the piston rod can be moved under hydraulic pressure. By retracting into the cylinder, engine valve bending tests can be performed with little effort by one operator.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a conventional bending tester for engine valves, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line -- in FIG. 1...Hydraulic cylinder, 2...Shaft, 3...Piston rod, 4...Hydraulic cylinder device, 5...Adapter, 6...Shaft, 7...Mounting hole, 8...Scale plate, 9...Screw, 11... Instructor, 13... Hydraulic pump, 14... Operating lever, 15... Shaft, 16
...Switching lever, 18, 19...Hydraulic hose, N
...Neutral position, A, B...Switching lever position, 2
1... Arrow, 51... Bending tester, 52... Table, 53... Board, 54... Bracket, 55
... Screw, 56 ... Gripping member, 57 ... Block, 58 ... Screw, 59 ... Bolt, 61 ... Backing member, 62 ... Nut, 63 ... Mounting base, 64
... Guide plate, 65 ... Guide groove, 66 ... Gripping member, 67 ... Screw, 68 ... Lever, 69 ...
Block, 71...Engine valve, 72...
Shaft, 73... Umbrella part, 74... Welding part, 75... Short column, 76... Arc part, 77... Scale plate, 78...
Lever, 79...Mounting hole, 81...Gripping mechanism.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] The board fixed to the top surface of the table and the neck side of the engine valve shaft with the shaft end facing forward,
A gripping mechanism that is removably provided on the board, and a position that is close to the side of the shaft of the engine valve that is gripped by the gripper, and the base is removably attached to the board and is erected. with a short pillar,
A hydraulic cylinder whose base is pivotally attached to the appropriate position of the table on the short column side and whose free end is rotatable in the lateral direction, and a piston rod which is provided in the hydraulic cylinder so as to be able to move forward and backward, and whose free end faces forward. A cylinder device, a hydraulic pump that supplies pressure oil to the hydraulic cylinder, and a mounting hole at the free end into which the shaft end of the engine valve can be inserted detachably, and a base section is detachably attached to the free end of the piston rod. A bending test device for engine valves, comprising an attached adapter.