JPH04207944A - Commutator failure detector of brushless rotating machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make it possible to detect which fuse on which arm is melted by processing an optical signal from an optical fiber cable and a synchronizing signal from a probe cable on an apparatus to process failure signals of a device. CONSTITUTION:A light emitting device constituted of a light emitting diode 19 which emits light at the fuse melting is embedded in an outer insulating tube of a fuse 15. A photo detecting device is installed on the fixed side containing a condensing lens 23 which receives a light emission signal from the light emitting diode 19. And, a block for detecting location 22 is installed in a balance weight slot of a rectifier ring 36. At the place on the fixed side which faces the block for detecting location 22, a synchronizing signal generator which is constituted of a gap sensor 25 is installed. The fuse melting is accurately detected by an apparatus to process failure signals of a device 27 which processes a photo detection signal and synchronizing signal for identifying which fuse on which arm of a rotating rectifier 14 is melted.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Object of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a device for detecting a failure of a rectifying element of a rotating rectifier in a brushless rotating electrical machine, and particularly relates to a device for detecting a failure of a rectifying element of a rotating rectifier in a brushless rotating electrical machine, and in particular, detects which fuse of which arm at the time of failure. The present invention relates to a rectifying element failure detection device for a brushless rotating electrical machine that can reliably detect whether the rotating electrical machine is fused and determine whether or not it is possible to continue operating the rotating electrical machine.

(Prior Art) In general, a brushless rotating electric machine, for example a brushless synchronous machine, has an armature winding 1, as shown in a circuit diagram in FIG.
an alternating current exciter 5 including a stator side armature 1 having a stator side armature 1, a rotor side field winding 2, a stator side field winding 3, and a rotating armature 4; The rotary rectifying device 6 rectifies the alternating current voltage generated in the rotating armature 4 and supplies direct current to the rotor side field winding 2. In addition, as shown in the dotted line block in the figure, the rotary rectifier 6 has three rectifying elements 7 and three fuses 8 for overcurrent protection connected in series per arm, and six fuses 8 are connected in series for each of the three phases. A full wave rectifier circuit is formed by placing the two arms in parallel.

By the way, in such a rotary rectifying device 6, if any of the rectifying elements 7 has a short-circuit failure, the fuse 8 connected in series with the failed rectifying element 7 will melt instantly, and the remaining normal Either the operation of the rectifying element 7 should be continued, or it is necessary to use some kind of detection means to detect that the rectifying element 7 has failed and the fuse 8 has blown.

Conventionally, various types of fuse blowout detection devices have been developed and put into practical use to detect the blowout of such overcurrent protection fuses. However, in any of these devices, it is not possible to determine which arm's fuse is blown in the event of a failure, or when one arm is configured by connecting multiple rectifying elements and fuses in parallel. , it is not possible to determine how many fuses are blown. In addition, even if it is possible to determine how many fuses in each arm are blown, since part or most of the fuse blown detection device is mounted inside the rotating body,
Alternatively, in order to make it easier to detect the fuse blow signal from the fixed side, the configuration of the high-speed rotating rectifier becomes extremely complicated, which may cause problems such as a decrease in reliability.

Therefore, since the detection of a fuse blowout is the detection of a failure of the rectifying element, it is necessary to avoid as much as possible any undesirable demands on the original function or a decrease in reliability.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) As described above, in the conventional fuse blowout detection device, not only the configuration of the rotary rectifier is complicated, but also it is difficult to detect which fuse in which arm of the rotary rectifier has blown. Since it could not be detected, there was a problem in that it was not possible to determine whether the rotating electric machine could continue to operate or not.

An object of the present invention is to detect which fuse of which arm has blown, and to determine whether or not it is possible to continue operation of the rotating electric machine, without having almost any adverse effect on the configuration of the rotating rectifier. An object of the present invention is to provide an extremely reliable rectifying element failure detection device for a brushless rotating electric machine.

[Structure of the Invention] (Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes an AC exciter, a rotary rectifier, and a main machine field winding on the same rotating shaft. Each arm of the rectifier, or a device that detects failure of the rectifier when the fuse of the rotary rectifier in a brushless rotating electrical machine that combines multiple rectifiers and a fuse for overcurrent protection is blown, is installed in the outer insulating tube of the fuse. a light emitting element that is embedded in the fuse and emits light by a reverse voltage applied to both ends thereof when the fuse is blown; and a condensing lens that is disposed on a fixed side facing the light emitting element and receives a light emission signal from the light emitting element. , an optical fiber cable that is integrally connected to the condenser lens and transmits the optical signal condensed by the condenser lens, and a position detector that is provided on the outer peripheral end surface of the rectifier ring and detects a synchronization signal for fuse blowout detection. a displacement meter that is disposed on the fixed side facing the position detection block and detects the synchronization signal, and a probe cable that is connected to the displacement meter and transmits the synchronization signal detected by the displacement meter. Then, the optical signal transmitted by the optical fiber cable and the synchronization signal transmitted by the probe cable are input and processed, and when one fuse blows in either arm, two fuses in either arm The device includes an element failure signal processing device that outputs different alarm signals when each fuse blows.

(Function) Therefore, in the rectifier failure detection device for a brushless rotating electric machine of the present invention, when a certain fuse blows, the light from the light emitting element that emits light due to the reverse voltage applied to both ends of the fuse is focused by the condensing lens, and the optical fiber is The cable leads the signal as an optical signal to an element failure signal processing device. Further, a position detection block provided on the rectifier ring detects a synchronization signal for fuse blowout detection, and this synchronization signal is guided to an element failure signal processing device by a displacement meter and a probe cable. In the element failure signal processing device, the optical signal from the optical fiber cable and the synchronization signal from the probe cable are processed. Different alarm signals are output depending on when the fuse blows out.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an example of the configuration of a rectifier failure detection device for a brushless rotating electric machine according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, 11 is the stationary armature of the synchronous machine, 12 is the rotating field winding 13, the rotating rectifier 14, and the rotating armature 2 of the exciter.
21 is the field winding of the exciter. Further, the rectifier ring is loaded with a position detection block 22 for detecting a synchronization signal for detecting a fuse blowout.

Further, each arm of the rotary rectifying device 14 has a rectifying element 16
, fuse 15, and capacitor 17, fuse 1
A fuse blowing special light emitting element consisting of a resistor 18 and a light emitting diode 19 is installed in parallel with the fuse blower 5.

On the other hand, the rectifying element failure detection device includes a condenser lens 23 disposed on the fixed side facing the above-mentioned light emitting diode 19;
An optical fiber 24 is connected integrally with the condenser lens 23 and transmits the optical signal condensed by the condenser lens 23, and an optical fiber 24 is disposed on the fixed side facing the synchronization signal detection block 22 and transmits the synchronization signal. A gap sensor (displacement meter) 25 for detection, a probe cable 26 connected to the gap sensor 25 and transmitting the synchronization signal detected by the gap sensor 25, an optical signal transmitted by the optical fiber cable 24, and an optical signal transmitted by the probe cable 26. It inputs a synchronization signal, processes the signal, and outputs different alarm signals when one fuse blows in either arm or when two fuses blow out in either arm. The device consists of an element failure signal processing device 27 that performs the following operations, and an alarm indicating device 28 that displays the output contents from the element failure signal processing device 27.

Next, using FIGS. 2 to 5, a description will be given of how the circuit connections shown in FIG. 1 are assembled into an actual brushless excitation device.

In the figure, 35 is a shaft directly connected to the main body generator, and a rectifying ring 36 is fixed by shrink-fitting to this shaft 35. Further, a DC ring 38 is assembled inside the rectifier ring 36 with an insulating ring 37 interposed therebetween. Further, a fuse 15 and a rectifying element 16 are inserted into the DC ring 38 and are electrically and mechanically connected.

On the other hand, three are rectifier covers that cover the entire rectifier ring 36. In addition, a condenser lens 23 is provided at the tip of the optical fiber 24.
is connected to the rectifier cover 39 to collect the light from the light emitting diode 19 embedded in the fuse 15 which is a rotating body.
Fixed. Further, the signal of the optical fiber 24 is guided to a signal processing device 28.

On the other hand, an armature core (not shown) is shrink-fitted to the shaft 35. Further, an armature coil (not shown) is inserted into this armature core, and a connecting copper band 40 is provided on the rectifying ring 36 side, and is connected to the rectifying element 16 in the rectifying ring 36.

The AC output generated by the AC exciter 5 (shown in FIG.
5 etc., it is converted to DC on the rotating shaft, and the DC ring 3
8 and is supplied to the field winding 13 (shown in FIG. 13) of the main generator via a central copper band 43. In addition, the circumferential groove for the balance weight of the rectifying ring 36 is used, and the position detection block 2 is placed there.
2 is attached, which has a correlation with the position of the fuse in the rectifier ring 36, and is used for detecting the position of the fuse 15. Furthermore, the position detection block 22 is
For example, it is installed at the location corresponding to the capacitor between the W-phase and U-phase fuses, and determines the reference position. To avoid misalignment, a balance groove is used to allow movement in the circumferential direction for fine adjustment. Furthermore, a gap sensor 25 for position detection pickup is fixed to an exciter cover 39, and an output terminal of this gap sensor 25 is connected to an element failure signal processing device 27 via a cable 44.

FIG. 3 is an axial view of the rectifier ring 36 shown in FIG.
or inserted. Further, the connecting copper band 40 connects the rectifier 16
and a capacitor 17 in parallel.

FIG. 4 shows an external view of the excitation device, in which a condenser lens 23, an optical fiber cable 24, a gap sensor 25, and a cable 26 are wired to an element failure signal processing device 27 as shown.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of an electrical connection configuration between a light emitting element consisting of a resistor 18 and a light emitting diode 19, and a fuse 15. In FIG. 5, a series circuit of a resistor 18 and a light emitting diode 19 is connected between both electrodes of the fuse 15 and in parallel.

This resistor 18 is constructed by connecting a plurality of resistors in parallel as shown. Furthermore, the light emitting diode 19 has two
unit light emitting diodes 19a.

19b are electrically reversed in polarity and connected in parallel.

Therefore, when the fuse [5] is blown, when a reverse voltage is applied to the light emitting element consisting of the resistor 18 and the light emitting diode 19, the light emitting diode 19 emits light due to the current flowing due to this voltage.

On the other hand, since the resistor 18 is embedded in the laminated insulation part of the fuse tube, a plurality of resistors are used as small as possible. Furthermore, the light emitting diode 19 has a configuration in which two elements are connected in parallel with opposite polarities because the anode side of the rectifying element is connected to the negative side DC ring of the rectified output via the fuse 15 in the rotary rectifying device. In some cases, the cathode side of the rectifier is connected to the positive DC ring of the rectified output via the fuse 15, and the voltages applied to the light emitting elements when the fuse 15 blows have opposite polarities. Furthermore, one of the unit light emitting diodes 19a and 19b also serves to protect the other when the opposite polarity is applied.

On the other hand, as shown in the shaded area 15c in FIG.
A resistor 18 and unit light emitting diodes 19a, 19b are embedded in the outer insulating cylinder 15d of No. 5, and a connecting screw 15a between the resistor 18, the unit light emitting diodes 19a and 119b1, and both poles of the fuse.

A groove suitable for embedding the connecting wire to 15b is machined with an end mill, and a resistor 18 is inserted into this machined groove 15c.
A light emitting diode is inserted and electrically connected as shown in the figure. Also, a unit light emitting diode 19a.

19b is molded into the groove 15c with an epoxy adhesive so that its light emitting surface is exposed to the outer surface of the fuse insulating cylinder 15d, and each part is fixed.

In the manner described above, a light emitting element that can withstand high speed rotation can be manufactured without imposing any disadvantageous restrictions on the configuration of the rotary rectifier.

Note that 15e is a screw joint for connecting the fuse 15 and the rectifying element 16, and also serves as a radiation fin.

Further, on the fixed side facing the light emitting diode 19, a condensing lens 23 for receiving light and an optical fiber cable 2 are provided.
4 are arranged, and are connected by an optical connector 29 to an O/E converter attached to the element failure signal processing device 27.

Next, the relationship between the light emitting time and position of the light emitting diode will be explained with reference to FIG. FIG. 6(a) shows the waveforms of the three phases (U, V, and W phases) of the AC input to the rotary rectifier 14, and shows the waveforms of the series circuit consisting of a plurality of rectifying elements and fuses constituting the U-phase rectifier. When one or more or not all of the U-phase rectifying elements have a short-circuit failure and the fuse 15 in series with it is blown, this fuse]
The reverse voltage applied to the light emitting diode 19 embedded in the insulating cylinder 15d of No. 5 is shown by the hatched portion.

In addition, the relationship between the voltage applied to the light emitting element of the blown fuse and time for the U phase, ■ phase, and W phase is shown in Figure 6 (b).
It is shown in FIG. 6(C) and FIG. 6(d).

For each phase, a 2π/3 pause and a 4π/3 voltage application are repeated in terms of electrical angle, and there is a time delay of 2π/3 in the order of U phase, ■ phase, and W phase. FIG. 7 shows the positional relationship between the fuse 15 and the light emitting diode 19, and the condensing lens 23 and the pickup (gap sensor) 25.
, ■, ■, ■ become N(, 2, N3, ■, ■.

■KaP,,P2. If the third element of the U phase, which is P3, is short-circuited, a voltage is applied to the N side in the range of ■ and to the P side in the range of ■, and light is emitted.

On the other hand, there is also a delay of 2π/3 in the energization time for the ■ phase and the W phase, but since there is a mechanical position shift of the same amount, the condenser lens 23 can be shared. Therefore, since the P side and N side receive light separately on the outer periphery of the rectifying ring, blowing of all the fuses 15 can be detected by placing 61 P and 61 N condenser lenses.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the positional relationship with the condenser lens 23 when the fuse 15 rotates. light emitting diode 19
has a directional characteristic as shown in FIG. 9, or since the light reception signal of the condenser lens 23 is proportional to the light amount of the light emitting diode 19, the insulating cylinder 15d of the fuse]5 is blown as shown in FIG.
The amount of light received by the condenser lens element 23 when the light emitting diode 19 embedded in the light emitting diode 19 rotates is as shown in FIG.

That is, when one light emitting diode is placed perpendicular to the light receiving surface of the condensing lens 23, the maximum amount of light is received, and the fuse 15 and light emitting diode 19 arranged adjacent to each other
The light emitting diode 190 is not affected by the light emitted from the adjacent light emitting diode 190.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, the fuse [5] and the capacitor 17 when viewed from above the rotor shaft are fabricated radially on the same circumference at equal intervals. Of these, W phase and U phase
A position detection block 22 is attached to a portion corresponding to one capacitor adjacent to the phase, and is used as a reference position signal for the rotating body. Further, the directions of the condenser lens 23 and the gap sensor 25 when viewed from the rotor axis direction are made to coincide. With the above arrangement, the position detection blower 2 is detected by the gap sensor 25.
A voltage waveform that provides a synchronization signal is obtained when the signal passes through 22.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing an example of a configuration inside and around the element failure signal processing device 27, and the element failure signal processing device 27 is shown by a chain double-dashed line. In FIG. 11, the timing pulse frequency-divided by the oscillator circuit 5o and the frequency divider circuit 31 is input to a counter 52, and serves as a clock for the position designation counter of the position determination memory. After being reset as a synchronizing signal via the sensor 25 and displacement meter converter 54, it is input to the memory 53 and counted. On the other hand, when an element failure occurs and the fuse 15 blows and the light emitting diode lights up, the signal detected by the condenser lens 23 and the optical fiber cable 24 becomes 0.
The optical signal is converted into an electrical signal by an /E (electrical/optical) converter 55, and then sent to the memory 5 via an amplifier circuit 56 and a waveform circuit 57.
3 data is input, and is set in the memory addressed by the counter 52 at that time.

In addition, if necessary, the memory 53 can be
The circuits up to this point are provided separately for the P side and N side of the rectifier circuit.

Since the contents set in the memory 53 correspond to the respective rectifying element positions by the logic circuit 58, the contents of the memory 53 are displayed on the display circuit 59, and the position of a blown fuse can be displayed. In addition, in the case of one defect (one fuse blown) and the case of two defects (two fuses blown), the contents of the memory 53 can be easily determined by logical sum and logical product, and this can be done for each arm. can also be determined. Further, the integrating circuit 60 is a circuit for preventing malfunctions caused by temporal input signals and noise, etc., and outputs a fuse blown signal when a continuous input signal continues for a predetermined period of time (for example, 2 seconds) or more. . Note that 61 is a power supply unit for each of the above circuits.

FIG. 12 shows the element failure signal processing device 2 in FIG.
7 shows a specific connection diagram.

In FIG. 12, the input section of the element failure signal processing device 270 is a position detection cable connector 62 that connects the optical connector 29 and the gap sensor 54. Further, the terminal block 63 is provided with a power source 64 and a relay output terminal 65 with one or two holes.

As described above, in the rectifier failure detection device for a brushless synchronous machine according to the present embodiment, a light emitting element consisting of a light emitting diode 19 embedded in the outer insulating tube of the fuse 15 and emitting light when the fuse blows; A light-receiving device including a condensing lens 23 for receiving light emission signals arranged on the fixed side, a position detection block 22 attached to the rectifier ring balance weight groove, and a light receiving device disposed on the fixed side opposite to this position detection block 22. The fuse is blown by a synchronization signal generator consisting of a gap sensor 25 attached to the synchronous signal generator, and an element failure signal processing device 27 that processes the received light signal and the synchronization signal to identify which fuse of which arm has blown. It is designed to detect.

Therefore, it is possible to reliably detect which fuse of which arm has blown out, with almost no adverse effect on the rotary rectifier 14, and it is possible to determine whether or not it is possible to continue the synchronous machine operation. I can do something. In addition, since most of the rectifier failure detection device is mounted outside the rotating body, or the fuse blow signal is detected from the fixed side, the configuration of the high-speed rotary rectifier 14 is different from that of the conventional one. It is possible to improve the reliability of the device without making it complicated.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the present invention, it is possible to operate the rotating electrical machine by reliably detecting which fuse in which arm has blown, without having almost any adverse effect on the configuration of the rotating rectifier. It is possible to provide an extremely reliable rectifier element failure detection device for a brushless rotating electrical machine that can determine whether continuation is possible or not.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a circuit configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a rectifier failure detection device for a brushless rotating electric machine according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an assembled sectional view of an excitation device and a synchronous detector in the same embodiment, and FIG. Figure 4 shows the arrangement of the rectifier, fuse, and conductor in the rotating ring in the example. Figure 4 shows the state in which the detection device is attached to the excitation device. Figure 5 shows the electrical connection between the fuse and the light emitting circuit, and the connection to the fuse. A schematic diagram showing the buried state of the light emitting element, Figures 6 and 7 are diagrams showing the relationship between the voltage waveform applied to the blown fuse and the position where the voltage is applied and the light emitting diode emits light. Figure 8 is a diagram showing the rotation of the light emitting element. Figure 9 shows the directional characteristics of the light emitting diode and the position of the light emitting element and the light receiving element, and the direction of light reception. Figure 10 shows the movement of the position shown in Figure 8 over time as the amount of light received by the light receiving element. FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing an example of the internal configuration of the element failure signal processing device in the same embodiment, FIG. 12 is a specific connection diagram of the element failure signal processing device in the same embodiment, and FIG. 13 is a circuit wiring diagram of a brushless synchronous machine. ]4... Rotating rectifier, 15... Fuse, 16...
- Rectifying element, ] 9... Light emitting diode, 22... Position detection block, 23... Condensing lens, 24...
Optical fiber cable, 25... gap sensor,
55... Optical/'electrical converter, 57... Waveform shaping circuit logic circuit. Applicant's Representative Patent Attorney Takehiko Suzue Figure 2 Intercostal Figure 6 ＼ 1 ・' \ White 1i8 Figure 9 Figure 10

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) An AC exciter, a rotary rectifier, and a main machine field winding are provided on the same rotating shaft, and each arm of the rotary rectifier has
In a device for detecting failure of a rectifying element by blowing a fuse of a rotary rectifying device in a brushless rotating electric machine, which is formed by combining a plurality of rectifying elements and a fuse for overcurrent protection, the fuse is embedded in an outer insulating cylinder of the fuse, a light-emitting element that emits light due to a reverse voltage applied to both ends thereof when the light-emitting element is fused; a condensing lens that is disposed on a fixed side facing the light-emitting element and receives a light emission signal from the light-emitting element; An optical fiber cable that is integrally connected to the lens and transmits the optical signal focused by the condensing lens, and a position detection block that is installed on the outer peripheral end face of the rectifier ring and that detects a synchronization signal for fuse blowout detection. , disposed on the fixed side facing the position detection block,
a displacement meter that detects a synchronization signal; a probe cable that is connected to the displacement meter and transmits the synchronization signal detected by the displacement meter; an optical signal transmitted by the optical fiber cable; and an optical signal transmitted by the probe cable. When a synchronization signal is input and the signal is processed, and one fuse blows in either arm,
A rectifying element failure detection device for a brushless rotating electric machine, comprising: an element failure signal processing device that outputs different alarm signals depending on when two fuses are blown in either arm. (2) The rectifying element failure detection device for a brushless rotating electrical machine according to claim (1), characterized in that the element failure signal processing device is provided with an indicator lamp that displays which fuse of which arm has blown. . (3) According to claim (1), the position detection block is attached to a balance weight groove of a rectifying ring so as to be movable in the circumferential direction, so that the position can be adjusted in the circumferential direction. A rectifying element failure detection device for a brushless rotating electric machine as described above. (4) In the element failure signal processing device, after the fuse blow signal is processed by the logic circuit, the fuse blow signal is outputted by the integrating circuit when the continuous input signal continues for a predetermined time or more. The rectifying element failure detection device for a brushless rotating electric machine according to claim (1).