JPH0418985B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a correction control device for a groove machining tool, that is, a groove tool, in an NC machine tool, particularly an NC lathe, and the present invention relates to a correction control device for a groove machining tool, that is, a groove tool, in an NC machine tool, particularly an NC lathe. The present invention relates to a correction control device for a grooved tool that converts the cutting edge point of the grooved tool and shifts the coordinates of the width of the grooved tool.

<Conventional technology> When grooving a workpiece with a grooving tool attached to the tool rest in an NC machine tool, especially an NC lathe,
Special consideration was given to the NC machining program because the groove tool has both edges with a constant width at the cutting edge point. Needless to say, in groove machining, it is necessary to machine the groove width of the workpiece to the specified dimensions. For this reason, the following items had to be specified in NC machining using grooved tools.

(1) Specifying the nose radius correction direction related to changing the cutting edge point (2) Specifying the tool offset (coordinate shift) related to the width of the groove tool In other words, regarding (1), the G code that is generally used as a machining preparation function For (2), the T code, which is a tool specification function, was used and specified by the offset number of the T code. Figure 7 shows
FIG. 2 is a sample diagram showing an example of an NC machining program when machining is performed using a conventional groove tool. FIG. 7 shows an NC machining program for machining the outer peripheral groove of a workpiece W as shown in FIG. 5A. In addition, block No. 7 in Figure 7.
(~) are the operation numbers in Fig. 5A used in the present invention.
does not match.

In Fig. 7, "G00" among the G codes that are preparatory functions is a positioning command by rapid traverse,
"G01" is a cutting feed command. Codes prefixed with X and Z indicate end point coordinate values for movement in the respective axis directions. is the T code directive T0300
However, the groove tool on turret surface No. 3 of the tool rest is called to the machining position. The called groove tool is positioned in rapid traverse to the position of X coordinate value 50.0 and Z coordinate value -12.5 from the program origin (). By the way, these coordinate values are programmed using a virtual cutting edge point that considers the cutting edge of the tool as a sharp point, and the actual cutting edge of the tool is a quantitative surface having the required nose radius from the center of the cutting edge of a carbide chip, etc. Therefore, the machining work is actually performed on a tangent to that surface. Therefore,
The nose radius correction described above is required. As shown in Figure 7, the command codes for nose radius correction during the program include "G40" (no correction or correction cancellation), "G41" (correction to the left in the direction of travel),
Since I set "G42" (compensation to the right in the direction of travel) and calculated the compensation amount for the nose R of the groove tool, I had to input it as compensation command data to the NC machining program, such as block, etc. Ta.

In addition, during machining, the groove tool converts the cutting edge points of the cutting edges on both sides and performs the nose radius correction described above while processing the groove width of the workpiece, so when proceeding with machining from one cutting edge point, first T at the cutting edge point
Input the code command, block T0305 in Figure 7, and specify tool offset No. 05. Next, the cutting edge point is converted to the other cutting edge point and machining is performed, but in this case, enter block T0315, specify tool offset No. 15, and change the width of the groove tool from one cutting edge point to the other. It was necessary to perform processing to shift the coordinates to the cutting edge point (hereinafter referred to as groove tool width correction).

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> When the conventional nose radius correction command and groove tool width correction command as described above are performed, the NC machining program itself and its processing become complicated, and moreover, it requires three moving blocks, for example. If careful attention is not paid, programming errors will occur frequently, such as when there is a slight acute angle (especially when calling a tool) in relation to the nose radius, causing interference when indexing the turret. It also requires a technically skilled programmer.

The purpose of the present invention is to solve these problems,
To provide a correction control device for a groove tool of an NC machine tool that is easy to program, eliminates programming errors, and is ideal for interactive automatic programming that can be easily programmed even by unskilled personnel.

<Means and effects for solving the problems> The present invention automatically processes the nose radius correction and groove tool width correction of a groove tool based on the NC machining program stored in the storage means and the tool layout of the tool post turret. A correction control device for a groove tool,
The specific means includes a cutting edge point conversion circuit that converts one cutting edge point data specified by the groove tool width correction command into the other cutting edge point data, and a cutting edge point conversion circuit that converts one cutting edge point data specified by the groove tool width correction command into the other cutting edge point data, and a groove tool. a coordinate shift direction determining means that determines the direction of the coordinate shift of the groove tool width by determining the machining content, and a coordinate shift direction determining means for determining the direction of coordinate shift of the groove tool width, and a coordinate shift of the movement command data of the NC machining program by the groove tool width based on the result of the coordinate shift direction determination means a groove tool width correction calculation processing means for obtaining correction movement command data;
The nose R correction calculation processing means performs nose R correction using the converted cutting edge point data, corrected movement command data, and nose R radius according to the nose R correction command.

Therefore, when performing groove machining with a groove tool using the apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to correct the nose radius and automatically convert the data of the cutting edge point by groove tool width machining to perform groove tool width correction. I did it like that.

<Example> Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

(1) First, the basic concept of groove tool correction control in the present invention will be explained.

That is, the input data of the nose R correction command and the groove tool width correction command in the NC machining program are automatically processed using only the recognition command of the groove tool correction. Register the tool data provided in the control device. Enter the width and cutting edge point data of the groove tool in the tool file. Based on the groove tool width correction command, the width of the groove tool is shifted in coordinates and the cutting edge point is converted.

For example, G151 of the preparation function issues a groove tool width correction command, and G150 inputs data to cancel the groove tool width correction command.

Furthermore, groove tools are roughly divided into four types: groove tools for outer circumference, groove tools for inner circumference, groove tools for end faces, and groove tools for back end faces. When performing outer or inner groove tool width correction, as shown in Fig. 2A, the inner groove tool converts cutting edge points 1 and 2 during machining, and changes the groove tool width m to +m or +m in the Z-axis coordinate direction. -Shift coordinates by m.

To determine the outer circumferential groove tool width, convert the cutting edge points 3 and 4 during machining and change the groove tool width m to +m or -m in the Z-axis coordinate direction.
Shift the coordinates of.

When performing edge or back edge groove tool width correction,
As shown in Figure 2B, the end groove tool has cutting edge points 2 and 3.
Convert the groove tool width m to +2m in the X-axis coordinate direction.
Or shift the coordinates by -2m. The back end groove tool converts cutting edge points 1 and 4 and shifts the groove tool width m by +2 m or -2 m in the X-axis coordinate direction. In addition, the correction of the end face and back end face groove tool width is
Since it is in the axial direction, the shift amount is calculated as twice the diameter value.

When grooving a workpiece based on the above-mentioned basic concept, the present invention is intended to automatically perform nose radius correction using a groove tool as well as groove tool width correction.

The basics of the nose radius correction control device have already been filed by the applicant in Japanese Patent Application No. 83450/1983, so please refer to this for details.

(2) The following specific configuration of the present invention will be explained.

FIG. 1 is a control block diagram showing an example of a groove tool correction control device in an NC lathe embodying the present invention.

In FIG. 1, a paper tape 2 serving as an input medium for an NC machining program is read by a paper tape reader 2a and input to a CPU 1 (central processing unit) via an input/output circuit 3. Further, other machining data, editing data of the NC machining program, etc. are input and output from the keyboard with screen 4 via the input/output circuit 3.

The input NC machining program data is stored in the NC machining program memory 5.

In addition, X and Z axis servo motors 6c are connected to the interpolator and position control circuit 6a via an amplifier 6b, and the tool mounted on the tool rest of the NC lathe is moved in two directions by driving the X and Z axis servos 6c. position is controlled.

Nose R correction direction table memory 7, tool layout memory 8 and tool file 9 are connected to CPU 1.
connected to.

The tool layout memory 8 stores information regarding tools attached to each turret surface number of the tool rest, as shown in FIG. 3A. In addition, the tool file 9 stores all the necessary information about the owned tools, as shown in FIG. As for the tool information, for the groove tool in the process column, the machining processes for the inner circumferential groove, outer circumferential groove, end face groove, and back end face groove shown in Fig. 2 A and B are specified, and as an example, in Fig. 3 B, the tool file is specified. As shown in No.L03,
Information on the outer circumferential groove tool is filed. Nose R correction and groove tool width correction are performed using the data of the items medium groove tool width, nose R radius, and cutting edge point for each process column. According to the NC machining program, data is transferred from the tool file 9 to the tool layout memory 8 for each turret surface number of the tool used for machining, edited, and its contents are displayed as shown in Figure 3 A. . As mentioned above, the data used for correction are the cutting edge point, nose radius, and groove tool width.
It is an item.

The nose R correction direction table memory 7 stores the nose R correction direction in relation to the cutting edge point and the moving direction, as shown in FIG. 4A. As already explained, the NC machining program is programmed with the virtual cutting edge point, but the actual tool is programmed with the nose radius.
, and the cutting edge in contact with the workpiece is at a different coordinate value from the virtual cutting edge point. Further, the direction in which the nose R is corrected is determined depending on the type of tool and the direction of movement. For example, if the coordinate system is
In the case of an outer diameter tool, the axis is the center O of the nose R.
On the other hand, in the figure, the cutting edge point is operated in quadrant 3 (quadrant area), and in the case of an internal diameter cutting tool, the cutting edge point is operated in quadrant 2 in the figure. This quadrant number is stored as the cutting edge point in the tool layout memory item in Fig. 3A, and since T01 is an outside diameter tool, the cutting edge point is 3.
Since T02 is an internal diameter tool, the cutting edge point is 2. Depending on which quadrant this cutting edge point is placed in, it is determined on which side (right or left) the workpiece is being machined with respect to the direction of movement of the tool. For example, in FIG.
In Figure 4 D, it is on the left side. The correspondence relationship between the cutting edge point and the moving direction is stored as a table memory in the nose R correction direction memory shown in Fig. 4A. ) and its boundaries (5~
The correction direction of the blade edge point in 8) is indicated by "right" or "left", and if it is forward or backward parallel to the moving direction, it is indicated by "-", which is the same as no correction. 0 of the cutting edge point number
9 is a case in which the correction itself is canceled and not performed, and 9 is a case in which there is no need for correction in any direction, and in both cases, the table contains only "-".

In FIG. 1, first, means for correcting the nose radius of a grooved tool will be explained. Note that the groove tool width correction command has not yet been issued. Movement data processing circuit 10 from NC machining program memory 5
Movement commands and movement data are input to. The first movement data, second movement data, and third movement data inputted to the movement data processing circuit 10 are taken into the vector calculation circuit 11 and subjected to vector calculation processing, and movement direction data including movement data is output. Ru. The moving direction data is taken into the nose R correction direction determining circuit 12.

Further, the nose R radius and cutting edge point data stored in the tool layout memory 8 are taken into the nose R radius register 14 and the cutting edge point data register 15, respectively, and are temporarily stored therein.

The first movement data taken into the movement data processing circuit 10 is input into the vector calculation circuit 11 and simultaneously taken into each of the AND gates 18, 19 and 20.

Nose R correction setup command (for example, T
When a command is issued for the movement data immediately after the turret surface No. 3 of the groove tool is called by the code command, the signal is
It is taken into gates 18 and 21. The blade edge point data temporarily stored in the blade edge point data register 15 passes through the AND gate 21 by opening the setup command, and is sent to the nose R correction direction determining circuit 12 via the OR gate 25. It is captured.

The nose R correction direction determination circuit 12 determines the nose R correction direction table memory 7 based on the obtained moving direction data and the captured cutting edge point data.
The correction direction of the nose R is determined from the table data. Further, the first movement data is passed through the AND gate 18 in response to a setup command, is taken into the nose R correction calculation circuit 13 via the OR gate 23, and is further input to the nose R radius register 14. The nose R radius temporarily stored in the nose R correction calculation circuit 13
be taken in.

The nose R correction calculation circuit 13 receives the first movement data after the setup command and the nose R correction direction data from the nose R correction direction determination circuit 12.
Nose R calculated from the direction and radius by inputting the nose R radius from the nose R radius register 14
Nose R correction movement data is calculated by adding the correction amount to the movement data, and the OR gate 27
through the nose R correction movement data register 28
Send to and hold. Based on the coordinate values X _R and Z _R held in the nose R correction movement data register 28,
An axis movement is performed. Cancel command for nose R correction (for example, issue a command for the movement data immediately before turret surface No. 3 of the groove tool is called by the T code command) or the cancel command for groove tool correction described later. The first movement data, either of which passes through the OR gate and is taken into the AND gate 19, is sent to the nose R correction calculation circuit 1.
Since the OR gate 27 is directly connected to the OR gate 27 without passing through the node R, the OR gate 27 converts the uncorrected movement data into the nose R corrected movement data according to the automatic determination of the branching procedure. Send to register 28 and hold. Coordinate values X _R and Z _R held in the nose R correction movement data register 28
Axis movement is performed based on.

Next, the means when the groove tool width correction command is issued will be explained. When a groove tool width correction command is issued, the signal is taken into AND gates 20 and 22. The cutting edge point data temporarily stored in the cutting edge point data register 15 is taken into the AND gate 22, and the AND gate 22 is opened by the groove tool width correction command, and the cutting edge point data is passed through. and is taken into the cutting edge point conversion circuit 26. The cutting edge point conversion circuit 26 takes in the signal of the outer circumference or inner circumference groove machining command or the signal of the end face or back end face groove machining command from the process field of the tool layout memory (Fig. 3 A), and converts it to the above-mentioned Fig. 2 A or As shown in FIG. For example, in the tool layout memory shown in FIG. 3A, when machining the outer peripheral groove of turret surface No. T03, the cutting edge point for the initial machining is 3. When the groove tool width correction command (G151) is issued by the NC machining program, processing is performed to convert the cutting edge point 3 to the cutting edge point 4 as shown in FIG. 2A.

The converted cutting edge point data taken into the OR gate 25 is taken into the nose R correction direction determination circuit 12, and the table memory data stored in the nose R correction direction table memory 7 is also used to determine the nose R correction direction as described above. It is taken into the circuit 12.

Therefore, the moving direction data, the converted cutting edge point data, and the table memory data are taken into the nose R correction direction determining circuit 12, which determines the nose R correction direction, outputs the nose R correction direction data, and determines the nose R correction direction. The signal is input to the correction calculation circuit 13. Further, a signal for outer circumference or inner circumference groove machining command is taken into the AND gate 29, and a signal for end face or back end face groove machining command is taken into the AND gate 30, respectively. The cutting edge point data already taken in by the groove tool width correction command is compared by one of the comparators 31, 32, 33, and 34 using one of the above signals. When an outer circumferential or inner circumferential groove machining command is received, the cutting edge point data is taken into the comparators 31 and 32, and the positions of the cutting edge points are compared. Comparator 3
1, it is compared whether the cutting edge point CP=2, and the comparator 32 compares whether the cutting edge point CP=3. When an end face or back end face machining command is received,
The cutting edge point data taken into the gate 30 is taken into the comparators 33 and 34, and the positions of the cutting edge points are compared. A comparator 33 compares whether the cutting edge point CP=1, and a comparator 34 compares whether the cutting edge point CP=2.

If either the cutting edge point CP=2 or the cutting edge point CP=3 match according to the cutting edge point data taken into the comparators 31 and 32, a pit signal is output, and an AND signal is outputted via the OR gate 35. gate 3
7,38. According to the blade edge point data taken into the comparators 33 and 34, the blade edge point CP=1,
Alternatively, if either one of the cutting edge points CP=2 matches, a bit signal is output and is taken into the AND gates 39 and 40 via the OR gate 36.

The groove tool width data already loaded into the groove tool width data register 16 from the tool layout memory 8 is loaded into AND gates 37, 38, 39 and 40, respectively.

Comparator 31 or 32 in AND gate 37
When a bit signal is output by , the groove tool width data m is passed through and input to the arithmetic circuit 41 .

In AND gate 38, comparator 31 or 3
2, when the bit signal is not output as a mismatch, the groove tool width data m is passed and the arithmetic circuit 4
2 is input.

Comparator 33 or 34 in AND gate 39
When a bit signal is output by , it passes through the OR gate 36 and the groove tool width data m is inputted to the arithmetic circuit 43 .

In AND gate 40, comparator 33 or 3
4, when the bit signal is not output as a mismatch, the groove tool width data m is passed through to the arithmetic circuit 4.
4 is input.

The signal for groove tool width correction command is AND gate 2.
0 is also taken in, and the first movement data is passed through and temporarily stored in the first movement data register 24. Z stored in the first movement data register 24
The coordinate value Z in the axial direction is taken into the calculation circuits 41 and 42, and the coordinate value X in the X-axis direction is taken into the calculation circuits 43 and 44.
be taken in.

The arithmetic circuit 41 performs arithmetic processing of Z+m,
The arithmetic circuit 42 performs arithmetic processing of Zm.
Further, the arithmetic circuit 43 performs arithmetic processing of X-2m, and the arithmetic circuit 44 performs arithmetic processing of X+2m.

Either value Z+m, Z-m, X-2m or X+2m calculated by each calculation circuit 41, 42, 43 and 44 passes through the OR gate 45 and OR gate 23, and the groove tool width is corrected. The value, that is, the coordinate-shifted correction movement command data is changed into first movement data and taken into the nose R correction calculation circuit 13, and thereafter the above-described processing is performed.

In an example of groove machining using a groove tool using the apparatus of the present invention, the groove tool (T03) is sequentially moved from a path as shown in FIG. 5A, and groove width machining is completed along the path. The NC machining program is as shown in Figure 5B, and the outer block numbers correspond to the operation numbers in Figure 5B. Correction command codes such as "G40,""G41," and "G42" are omitted, and only one groove tool width correction command code, G151, is used to perform groove tool width correction processing.

The operation of the present invention will be explained with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.

In FIG. 6, the correction control device of the present invention determines whether or not it is a groove tool width correction command in the first stage, and when it is a groove tool width correction command, the first movement data (X, Z), cutting edge point data (CP)
and groove tool width data (m) are taken into the first movement data register 24, cutting edge point data register 15, and groove tool width data register 16, respectively.

In the step, it is determined whether the groove is to be processed on the outer or inner circumference. If it is determined in the first step that it is outer circumferential or inner circumferential groove machining, comparators 31 and 32 determine whether the cutting edge point data is 2 or 3 in the second step. If the cutting edge point data is 2 or 3 in the judgment in the first stage, the arithmetic circuit 41 performs Z+m arithmetic processing, that is, corrects the groove tool width in the Z-axis direction, shifts the coordinates, and obtains corrected movement command data. If the cutting edge point data is not 2 or 3 in the judgment in the first stage, that is, if it is 1 or 4, in the second stage, the arithmetic circuit 42 performs Z-m calculation processing, that is, groove tool width correction processing in the Z-axis direction, and adjusts the coordinates. Shift and obtain corrected movement command data.

If it is determined in the first stage that it is not outer or inner circumference grooving, that is, if it is determined that end face or back end face grooving is being performed, the cutting edge point data is set to 1 in the second stage.
Comparators 33 and 34 make a decision as to whether the output is 1 or 2. If the cutting edge point data is 1 or 2 in the judgment in the first stage, the arithmetic circuit 43 performs the calculation process of X-2m, that is, the groove tool width correction process in the X-axis direction, shifts the coordinates, and outputs the corrected movement command data. demand. If the cutting edge point data is not 1 or 2 in the judgment in the first stage, that is, if it is 3 or 4, the calculation circuit 4
In step 4, the arithmetic processing of X+2m, that is, the groove tool width correction processing in the X-axis direction is performed, the coordinates are shifted, and corrected movement command data is obtained.

In the second stage, the cutting edge point data is converted by the cutting edge point conversion circuit 26, and in the third stage, the converted cutting edge point data is taken into the nose R correction direction determining circuit 12, and the nose R correction direction is determined together with the moving direction data. will be carried out. In the second stage, the nose R correction direction data and the corrected movement command data subjected to the groove tool width correction processing are taken into the nose R correction calculation circuit 13, and the nose R correction calculation processing is performed.

Axis movement is performed based on the axis movement data after the nose R correction process, which is taken into the movement data register 28 in the second stage. In the first stage, it is determined whether or not it is finished, that is, whether there is a groove tool correction cancel command (G150).If it is determined that it is not finished, it is fed back to the previous stage and the same processing is performed. . It ends when it is determined that the end is reached in the first stage.

<Effects> As explained above, according to the present invention, the input data of the nose R correction command and the groove tool width correction command can be minimized in NC machining using a groove tool, so the NC machining program can be simplified. This eliminates programming errors associated with nose radius correction and groove tool width correction, making programming possible even for non-experts, making it ideal for automatic, interactive programming. A control device can be provided.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a control block diagram showing a specific configuration of the present invention. FIGS. 2A and 2B are explanatory diagrams of groove tool width correction, which is the main part of the present invention. FIG. 3A is a sample diagram of the tool layout, and FIG. 3B is a sample diagram of the tool file. FIGS. 4A to 4D are explanatory diagrams of the nose R correction direction memory. FIGS. 5A and 5B show an example of grooving using the grooving tool of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a flow chart explaining the operation of the present invention. FIG. 7 is an example of an NC program for machining grooves using a conventional groove tool. 1... CPU, 4... Keyboard with screen, 5... NC machining program memory, 7... Nose R correction direction table memory, 8... Tool layout memory, 9... Tool file, 10... Movement data processing circuit, 11...
Vector calculation circuit, 12... Nose R correction direction determination circuit, 13... Nose R correction calculation circuit, 14... Nose R radius register, 15... Cutting edge point data register, 16... Groove width data register, 24... First movement data register, 26...Blade tip point conversion circuit, 28...
Nose R correction movement data register, 31 to 34...
Comparators, 41 to 44...Arithmetic circuits.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A groove tool correction control device that automatically processes nose R correction and groove tool width correction of a groove machining tool in an NC machine tool, which uses one cutting edge point data specified by a groove tool width correction command. a cutting edge point conversion circuit that converts the specified cutting edge point data to the other cutting edge point data, and a coordinate shift direction determining means that determines the direction of the coordinate shift of the groove tool width by determining the specified one cutting edge point data and the machining content of the groove tool; a groove tool width correction calculation processing means that coordinates shift the movement command data of the NC machining program by the groove tool width based on the result of the coordinate shift direction determining means and obtains corrected movement command data; and a nose R correction command. The converted cutting edge point data, corrected movement command data and nose R
What is claimed is: 1. A correction control device for a grooved tool, comprising a nose R correction arithmetic processing means for correcting the nose R based on the radius, and at the same time correcting the nose R of the grooved tool and shifting the width of the grooved tool in coordinates.