JPH04182290A - Control device for elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To stop an elevator urgently with the mechanical and electrical braking force at the time of emergency by comprising a linear motor, which consists of a primary side coil and a secondary side conductor, and a mechanical braking means and a VVVF inverter means. CONSTITUTION:At the time of applying the emergency braking, bases of transistors 32a-32f of a VVVF device 21 is cut to be under the cut-off condition, and contact points 22 of a contactor are opened, and while an electromagnet of a braking device is deenergized. Simultaneously, a contact point 23 is closed to connect a braking resistance 24 to a direct current circuit of the VVVF device 21. As a result, an elevator cage is braked by the braking force of the described braking device, and also the regenerative power from a primary side coil 7 of a linear motor is consumed by the braking resistance 24. Deceleration of the described elevator cage is controlled by a value of the braking resistance 24.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an elevator control device, and more particularly to an elevator control device that raises and lowers a moving object such as an elevator car using a linear motor.

[Prior Art] Generally, in a conventional rope elevator, an elevator car is provided at one end of the rope, a counterweight is provided at the other end of the rope, and the rope is wound around a sheave of a winding machine. The so-called Rakuyon method is adopted, in which the elevator car and the moving body of the counterweight are raised and lowered by frictional force. However, if the elevator car is made extremely lightweight, the frictional force may be reduced so much that the elevator cannot be driven using the l-traction type. Therefore, a ropeless type elevator that does not use ropes has been proposed. As this kind of ropeless elevator, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-08058
There is one shown in Publication No. 1.

[Problem to be solved by the invention] In the conventional ropeless type electric heater as described above,
Elevators were operated by linear motors. In this type of elevator, an emergency braking mechanism is extremely important, and in consideration of safety in the event of an emergency, the elevator car etc. can be stopped in an emergency.

However, to improve elevator safety, usually
It is necessary to combine a large number of mechanical and electrical braking mechanisms, making the elevator control system extremely complex.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an elevator control device that has a simple configuration, can exert stable braking force, and can safely make an emergency stop of the elevator.

[Means for Solving the Problems] An elevator control device according to the present invention includes a linear motor including a primary coil disposed in a hoistway and a secondary conductor disposed in an elevating body; a mechanical braking means for braking the moving body by gripping a guide rail disposed in the hoistway; A braking resistor is connected to the linear motor, and VVVF inverter means is provided for operating the mechanical braking means.

[Operation] In the elevator control system of the present invention, during normal operation, the VVVF inverter drives a linear motor consisting of a primary coil disposed in the hoistway and a secondary conductor disposed in the elevator. However, in case of emergency, the said VVVF
The switching element of the inverter means is electrically cut off, a braking resistor is connected to the linear motor, and the mechanical braking means brakes the movable body by gripping a guide rail disposed in the hoistway. Therefore, in the event of an emergency, the elevator can be brought to an emergency stop using mechanical and electrical braking forces.

[Example] Examples of the present invention will be described below.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a ropeless type elevator using an elevator control device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, (1) is the elevator hoistway, (2) is the elevator car that goes up and down in the hoistway (1), and (3) is a pair of guide rails installed on both the left and right walls of the hoistway (1-). , (4) are guide rollers arranged at the upper and lower parts of both left and right sides of the elevator car (2) so as to sandwich both guide rails (3), and (6) are the floors of a structure such as a building. It is. (7) is the primary coil of the near motor, which is installed on both the left and right walls of the hoistway (1), and is separated vertically at an intermediate position between the adjacent floors (6). It also consists of four conductive coils (7A) to (7D) separated in the front and rear by rails (3).

(8) is the secondary side conductor of the near motor, which is arranged on both the left and right sides of the elevator car (2), and is the secondary side coil (7) of the near motor.
) -4= It is composed of four permanent magnets (8A) to (8D) facing normal conduction coils (7A) to (7D).

These permanent magnets (8A) to (8D) are rare magnets with a thickness of about 5 mm, and their back surfaces are lined with iron plates with a thickness of about 5 mm to form a magnetic path. (1
0) is a braking device attached to the elevator car (2), and this braking device (10) will be described later in the explanation of FIG. 3.

As for the linear motor drive system, in addition to the description in -, the primary coil of the linear motor (
7) and a secondary conductor (8) on the hoistway (1) side, but in this case, the elevator car (2)
It is difficult to supply power to the linear motor, and the primary coil (7) of the linear motor is too heavy with a normal conduction coil, making it impossible to obtain the desired thrust. It is located on the road.

The secondary conductor (8) of the linear motor may be simply an aluminum plate lined with a steel plate, but in an elevator driven by a linear motor, if the power is cut off, the elevator Since the car (2) falls freely due to gravity, by adopting a linear synchronous motor system like this system, the so-called dynamic brake can be activated by short-circuiting the primary coil (7) of the linear motor. , the falling speed of multiple elevator cars can be suppressed. In other words, if the % impedance of the secondary coil (7) is 5%, the elevator car (2
The falling speed of ) is 5% of the rated speed, which is extremely safe, and the deceleration speed can be freely adjusted using the short circuit resistance.

By the way, the size of the permanent magnet that is the secondary conductor (8) of the linear motor is as follows.

Currently, the rated load capacity is 1500kg, and the total weight of the basket is 5000k.
g, rated speed 300 m/min, acceleration 0.1 g (0,98
rn/s/s), the thrust is 5500 kg. The thrust of the linear motor is approximately 0゜2 kg/c!
Therefore, the required magnet size is 550010.2=2
It becomes 7500c/. Therefore, the elevator car (2
) are attached to permanent magnets (8A) to (8D) each having a diameter of approximately 0.7rnX1. It can be as small as 0m. Also,
When the speed of the linear motor is 300rn/min, the power supply on the primary side of the linear motor is rated output type car 5000kg x 5m/sec-250
kW, rated human power - 250kw10.85 = 3
It is 00kw.

Next, an elevator control device which is an embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an elevator control device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, (20) is an inverter device for driving the elevator, and (21) is a VV composed of power transistors, etc.
The VF device (22) is a contactor contact for connecting the negative side coil (7) and the VVVF device (21), (23)
) is a contact for short-circuiting the negative side coil (7), (24
) is the braking resistance. - The next coil (7) is connected to each floor (6
) is divided into sections in the middle of the primary coil (7
1) to (78), and the primary side coil (78) of each set is
1) to (78) separately to control the near motor. For example, the VVVF device (21) is attached to the primary coils (71) to (78) of each section.
supplies power independently, or vVVF device (21)
The elevator car (2)
This reduces the increase in reactive power caused by energizing the primary coil (7) of the linear motor in the section where the linear motor does not exist.

Here, a mechanical braking means of an elevator control device, which is an embodiment of the present invention, will be explained.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a mechanical braking means of an elevator control device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, (10) is a braking device attached to the elevator car (2), (1, 1) is a brake shoe disposed facing each side (3b) of the guide rail (3), (1
2) is the lever with the brake shoe (11) removed.
(13) connects the brake shoe (11) via the lever (12).
(14) is the connecting shaft of the lever (12), (15) is an electromagnet, and (16) is a plunger that is moved by the electromagnet (15). = 8 - ru.

In the braking device (10) having this configuration, when the electromagnet (15) is excited, the braking shoe (11) is brought into the open state against the (=J force) of the spring (1-3). The braking device (10) holds the elevator car (2) on the guide rail (3) by deenergizing the electromagnet (15) every time the elevator car (2) stops at a target floor (6).

Also, if the emergency stop button (not shown) provided in the elevator car (2) is operated or if the elevator car (2)
The braking device (1) may also be activated by the operation of the abnormal speed detection contact in the speed governor (not shown) provided in the elevator such as (2), etc.
0) is activated. Normally, this abnormal speed detection contact operates before the speed of the elevator increases abnormally and reaches 1.3 times the rated speed. At this time, the primary coil (7) of the linear motor is connected to the driving inverter device (2) as described above.
0), resulting in a short-circuit condition, and the elevator car (2
) of the braking device (10).
5) is deactivated. The elevator car (2) is then braked by the braking force of the braking device (1, 0). Therefore, when the emergency stop button is operated, or when an abnormality occurs and the abnormal speed detection contact is activated, the elevator car (2) can be brought to an emergency stop within a short braking distance.

Next, the inverter of this elevator control device will be explained.

First, the current type inverter device (20) will be described. FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing the current type VVVF means of the elevator control device.

In the figure, (R), (S), and (T) are three-phase AC power supplies, (31a) to (31f) are transistors on the converter side, (32a) to (32f) are transistors on the inverter side, and (33a) to (31f) are transistors on the inverter side. (33f) is a diode on the converter side, (34a) to (34f) are diodes on the inverter side, (35) beam axle, (U), (
V) and (W) are the outputs of the VVVF device (21) and are connected to the primary coil (7) of the linear motor.

The VVVF device (21) as shown in FIG. 4 is called a current type because the direction of current in the DC circuit between the converter and the inverter is constant.

However, in the case of the current type shown in Figure 4, in order to connect the braking resistor (24) to the primary coil (7) of the linear motor, it is necessary to connect the VVVF with the three-pole contactor contact (22).
It is necessary to disconnect the device (21) from the linear motor's primary coil (7), and then connect the braking resistor (24) to the linear motor's primary coil (7) using a three-pole contactor contact (23). . Moreover, this braking resistor (24) also needs to be three-phase, making the configuration complicated.

Therefore, in order to provide an elevator control device with a simple configuration, a VVVF inverter as shown in FIG. 5 is adopted. FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a voltage type inverter of an elevator control device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, (36) is a capacitor inserted in the DC circuit instead of the beam axle (35), (37) is a voltage relay that operates by detecting the voltage of the DC circuit of the VVVF device (21), and (38) is the 11-1 normally closed contact. In this inverter device (20), the transistors (3), a) to (31f) on the converter side and the diodes (33a) to (33f) are respectively connected in antiparallel. Also, the transistor on the inverter side (3
2a) ~(32f) and diodes (34a) ~(34
f) are also connected in antiparallel. V like this figure
The VVF device (21) is called a voltage type.

Moreover, the braking resistor (24) is a single-pole contactor contact (24).
3) is connected to the DC circuit via.

And the output (U) of this VVVF device (21).

(V) and (W) are connected to the primary coil (7) of the linear motor without going through the contactor contact (22) like the current type VVVF device (21).

Note that in FIG. 5, the switching circuit is omitted even when the primary coils (71) to (78) of the linear motor are divided into sections between floors.

In the voltage type VVVF inverter with this configuration, when applying emergency braking, the bases of the transistors (32a) to (32f) of the VVVF device (21) are cut off and the contactor contacts (22) are cut off. At the same time, the electromagnet (15) of the braking device (10) is released.
) is deactivated.

At the same time, the contact (23) is closed and the braking resistance (24) is VV
It is connected to the DC circuit of the VF device (21).

As a result, the elevator car (2) is moved by the braking device (1).

The regenerative power from the primary coil (7) of the linear motor is braked by the braking force of the braking resistor (2).
4) is consumed. The deceleration of the elevator car (2) at this time can be adjusted by the value of the braking resistance (24). In the voltage type VVF inverter shown in Fig. 5, for example, when the speed of the elevator car (2) is abnormally high, the voltage relay (37) is activated and its contacts (38) are in an open state. Become.

Therefore, the deceleration of the elevator car (2) at this time is determined by the mechanical braking force of the braking device (10) and the braking resistance (2).
4) is determined by the electrical braking force. When the speed of the elevator car (2) decreases, the voltage relay (3)
7) is deenergized, the contact (38) is closed, and the - part of the braking resistor (24) is short-circuited, so that the mechanical braking force of the braking device (10) and the electrical braking force of the braking resistor (24) are Braking force is released.

As described above, the elevator control device of this embodiment has a secondary coil (7) disposed in the hoistway (1) and a secondary coil disposed in the elevator car (2) (lifting body). Side conductor (
8), and the elevator car (2) grips a guide rail (3) arranged in the hoistway (1).

Braking device (1
0), and a transistor (32a) that drives the linear motor during normal operation and serves as a switching element in an emergency.
~(32f) - The base is turned off (electrically cut off), the braking resistor (24) is connected to the secondary coil (7) of the linear motor, and the braking device (
10).

(mechanical braking means)
), (voltage type VvVF inverter means).

That is, during normal operation, the voltage type inverter device (20)
Secondary coil (7) arranged in the hoistway (1) by
and a secondary conductor (8) arranged on the elevating body, and in an emergency, the inverter device (2) is activated.
0), the bases of the transistors (32a) to (32f) are turned off, a braking resistor (24) is connected to the secondary coil (7) of the linear motor, and the hoistway (1°) is turned off. A braking device (10) that brakes the moving body is activated by gripping a guide rail (3) disposed inside the movable body.

Therefore, in the event of an emergency, the elevator can be brought to an emergency stop using mechanical and electrical braking forces.

Therefore, with a simple configuration, stable braking force can be exerted, and the elevator can be safely stopped in an emergency. As a result,
This is a ropeless elevator control device driven by a highly safe and reliable linear motor.

By the way, in the embodiment described in -I-, for the convenience of explanation, a control device for a ropeless type elevator is explained, but the control device is not necessarily limited to a control device for a ropeless type elevator, and it is not necessarily limited to a control device for a ropeless type elevator. Not only can it be applied to the control device of rope-type elevators, but also a braking device (1
0) can also be used in an elevator control device incorporating.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, the elevator control device of the present invention includes a linear motor including a secondary coil and a secondary conductor, mechanical braking means, and VVVF inverter means, and is capable of controlling normal operation. Sometimes, a linear motor consisting of a secondary coil disposed in the hoistway and a secondary conductor disposed on the elevator is driven by a VVVF inverter, and in an emergency, the VV
Mechanical braking means that electrically cuts off a switching element of the VF inverter means, connects a braking resistor to the linear motor, and brakes the moving body by gripping a guide rail disposed in the hoistway. Due to the simple configuration of activating the brake, in the event of an emergency, the Elm = 16-Beta can be brought to an emergency stop by applying mechanical and electrical braking force, so stable braking force can be exerted and safety can be improved. This provides a highly reliable elevator control device driven by a linear motor.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a ropeless type elevator using an elevator control device which is an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an elevator control device which is an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a mechanical braking means of an elevator control device which is an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a current type inverter of an elevator control device, and FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a voltage type inverter of an elevator control device according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure: 1: Hoistway 2: Elevator car 3: Guide rail 7: -Next coils 7A to 7D = Conductive coil 8: Secondary conductors 8A to 8D, permanent magnet 10: Braking device 11: Braking shoe 15: Electromagnet 20: Inverter device 21: VVVF device 24: Braking resistance. In the drawings, the same reference numerals and the same symbols indicate the same or equivalent parts. Agent: Patent attorney Masuo Ohatsu and 2 others

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] A linear motor consisting of a primary coil disposed in a hoistway and a secondary conductor disposed in an elevating body, and a guide rail disposed in the hoistway. a mechanical braking means that drives the linear motor during normal operation, electrically cuts off a switching element in an emergency, connects a braking resistor to the linear motor, and 1. A control device for an elevator, comprising: VVVF inverter means for operating a braking means.