JPH04181992A - Tempo controller - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To allow the control of tempos while distinctly discriminating the tempo change over the entire part and the tempo fluctuation within measures by operating a specific tap switch at the measure top and operating the other tap switches in the beat position within the measure. CONSTITUTION:The tempo value for tempo control over the entire part is formed in accordance with the tap data by the specific tap switch among the plural tap switches 13 when this tap switch is operated. On the other hand, the tempo value for tempo control within the measure is formed in accordance with the tap data by the other tap switch when this tap switch is operated. The tempo clock information is outputted to an external sequencer 2, etc., in accordance with this tempo value. An operator (player), thereupon, operates the specific tap switch at the head of the measure and operates the other tap switches in the positions of the respective beats within the measure. The tempo control over the entire part is executed in accordance with the tap data by the specific tap switch and the tempo fluctuations within the measure are controlled in accordance with the tap data of the other tap switches.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Industrial Application Field The present invention relates to a tempo controller that provides tempo fluctuations to musical tones output from a sequencer, rhythm machine, or the like.

(b) Conventional technology As a means of imparting tempo fluctuations to musical sounds output from sequencers, rhythm machines, etc.
There is a method of giving parameters such as "ing feeling". When the operator sets the "rswing" parameter to an appropriate value, the tempo of the output from the sequencer etc. will fluctuate in accordance with the amount set for that parameter.

A method has also been proposed in which one tap switch is provided, tempo clock information is formed based on the tap data when the tap switch is hit, and the tempo is controlled from this tempo clock information.(C) Invention solved However, with the above-mentioned method of obtaining tempo fluctuations using parameters such as "Swing tempo", the tempo fluctuations become uniform, and if you try to change the fluctuations for each measure, it becomes difficult to do so. , which requires very complicated operations. Also,
Specifying by parameters such as ``rsw i ng deception'' has the disadvantage that it is not possible to control many points within one measure.

In addition, with the method of providing one tap switch and controlling the tempo from the tempo data when the switch is pressed, it is difficult for the operator's (performer's) ) has an inconvenience that does not match the intention of

Therefore, this invention provides multiple tap switches and separates the functions of these tap switches, making it possible to clearly distinguish between overall tempo changes and tempo fluctuations within a measure. The purpose is to form a

(B) Means for Solving the Problems This invention provides a plurality of tap switches each forming tap data, and a tempo value for controlling the overall tempo based on the tap data of a specific tap switch among the plurality of tap switches. means for forming a tempo value for tempo control within a measure based on tap data from other tap switches; and tempo clock information output means for outputting tempo clock information based on the tempo value. It is characterized by being prepared.

(e) Effect In this invention, when a specific tap switch among the plurality of tap switches is operated, a tempo value for controlling the overall tempo is formed based on the tap data of that tap switch. On the other hand, when another tap switch is operated, a tempo value for tempo control within a measure is formed based on the tap data from that tap switch. Then, tempo clock information is output to an external sequencer or the like based on the above tempo value. Operator (performer)
operates the specific tap switch mentioned above at the beginning of a measure, and operates the other tap switches at each beat within the measure. Through such operations, the overall tempo is controlled based on tap data from a specific tap switch, and tempo fluctuations within a measure are controlled based on tap data from other tap switches.

g) Example FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an embodiment of the invention.

In the figure, 1 is a tempo controller, 2 is a sequencer, 3 is a sound source, and 4 is a sound system. Performance data is stored in the performance data memory in the sequencer 2 in advance. A tempo controller 1 provides tempo clock information to a sequencer 2 via a MIDI cable. Actually, there is no clock on the MIDI cable,
F8 data flows. In addition to the F8 data, FA data is output when starting, and FC data is output when stopping. When the sequencer 2 receives the F8 data, it advances the pointer in the performance data memory by one. In other words,
Based on this tempo clock, the sequencer 2 reads performance data from an internal performance data memory and sends it to the sound source 3. The sound source 3 reads waveform data corresponding to the performance data from the sound source memory and outputs it to the sound system 4.

The tempo controller 1 is a microcomputer 10
, an operation panel 11, a timer 12, a tap switch 13, and a MIDI interface 14. The operation panel 11 includes a start/stop switch. Timer 12 is used as an external interrupt timer. The tap switch 13 is composed of N on/off switches. M
The IDI ink face 14 MIDs the F8 data for performance data memory count up based on the tempo clock information output from the microcomputer 10.
Put it on I cable 15. Note that when the tempo clock information is 0, F8 data is not formed. M i D I
The cable 15 connects the MIDI interface 14
Connected to the DI OUT terminal.

The sequencer 2 includes a sequencer main body 20 and a MIDI interface 21. M i D I cable 15 is M
It is connected to the MIDI IN terminal of the IDT interface 21. The sequencer main body 20 has previously stored performance data as shown in the performance data memory provided therein. The number of F8s between the event data is equal to the number corresponding to the event interval on the musical score. Event data is, for example, KON (note on), KCD (pitch), V
EL (key velocity) consists of notes, and when the pointer points to KON, these performance data are sequentially output to the sound source 3.

With the above configuration, when the period of the F8 data output from the tempo controller 1 becomes shorter, the performance data is output from the sequencer 2 so that the musical score time becomes shorter. Conversely, if the period becomes longer, the performance data is outputted so that the musical score time becomes longer.

Next, the operation of the tempo controller 1 will be explained with reference to FIGS. 2(A) and 2(B).

In FIG. 2(A), when any one of the N tap switches is turned on, the physical time is written in the beat position corresponding to that tap switch in a table prepared in advance. Furthermore, when the turned-on tap switch is switch number 0, the measure intended by the operator is estimated and the musical score time is adjusted to that measure.

First, when tap switch on is detected, step n1
, the physical time is placed in the table position corresponding to the nth switch.

As shown in the figure, the table includes an area for storing the physical time corresponding to each beat within one measure. For example, the physical time storage area for beat O stores the time when the first beat is struck, that is, the physical time at the beginning of one measure.

Subsequently, it is determined whether the tap switch operated at n2 is the switch No. 0 or any other switch. If 0
If it is not your turn, you will simply return. When the switch is number 0, the bar line intended by the operator (player) is estimated in n3. This estimation is determined by: C+uessPos=(CurPos+Measure) *Measure.

Here, GuessPos is the estimated musical score time position, Cur
ios represents the current music score time position, and M e a sure represents the music score time of one bar. Note that physical time and musical score time are defined as follows.

Physical time: normal time, generated by a timer. For example, it is a time in milliseconds.

Score time: represents the position in the score. Normally, a fraction of a beat is used as the basic unit. In this specification, musical score time is expressed in units of 1/384th of one beat, and in the MIDI standard, F8 is interpreted as a unit representing musical score time of 1/24th of one beat.

In the above formula, (CurPos+Measure) returns a rounded value, so GuessPos estimates the score time of the beginning of the bar line intended by the performer.

Next, correct the score time. This modification
This can be done as os=GuessPos.

Next, tables are switched (n5).

Two identical tables are prepared in advance. They are table 1 and table 2. When the 0th tap switch is turned on, the table in which physical time writing in nl is valid is switched. Therefore, when the Oth tap switch is turned on, the physical time is set in each area by turning on the other tap switches. The physical time recorded in the table is used to calculate the current tempo.

FIG. 2(B) is a flowchart that is executed by interruption every Nm5ec regardless of whether the tap switch is on or off.

When there is an interrupt, first maintain the physical time (n10)
. Physical time can be maintained as CurTime=CurTime-i-N.

Next, the current beat position within the measure is calculated.

This can be determined by Beatlndex=(CurPos%Measure)÷Beat. % is a remainder calculation symbol, CurPos
Calculate the remainder when divided by Measure. Also, (CurPos%Measure) returns a rounded value, and Beat represents the musical score time of one beat. Therefore, the Beat Index is a value representing the current beat position within the measure.

After calculating the beat position within the measure, the current tempo is then calculated (n12). This calculation is based on Temp O=B
e a t/ (Table (Beat Irxdex+1)-Ta
ble (Beat Index)). The table used here is different from the table in which the physical time when the tap switch was turned on is stored. That is, if the table in which the physical time at that time is set when the tap switch is turned on is, for example, table 1, the table used in n12 is table 2. Note that the tempo calculation using the above formula uses data from the previous measure, but it is based on the premise that the tempo does not change much between the previous measure and the current measure.

Next, the musical score time is maintained using the above calculated tempo value (n13). The music score time is maintained by CurPos = CurPos ten N*Temp.

It can be found by

Next, in n14, the current MIDICLock
Find the number. Here, the MIDI C1ock number is M
This is the number of counts at the resolution specified by the IDI standard (the number of counts per beat is 24). M up to now
The IDI C1ock number CurF8count is obtained by the following formula.

CurF8CounL= Cur Pos/F BT imeHere, F
8 T i rne represents the musical score time per MIDI Clock.

Next, at r+15, the number of MIDI C1ocks, that is, the number of F8 data, to be output to the MIDI cable is determined. This is determined by (CurF8Count-PrevF8Count). Here, PrevF8Count represents the number of MIDI C1ocks up to the previous time.

Note that if this interrupt flow is performed every 5ms e c, for example, the MIDICloc output at n15
The number of k (FB data) is O or 1, and it is thought that in normal performance of a musical score, there are quite a lot of 0s, and it occasionally becomes 1. Next, in 016, PrevF8Count=CurF8Count is executed to prepare for the next process and return.

With the above operation, by operating the tap switch number 0, the overall tempo can be controlled by correcting the score time in n4 above, and by operating the other tap switches, the tempo within a measure can be controlled. fluctuations can be controlled.

In the above embodiment, the tap switch 13 is N(N>
Although the switch 2) is used, the same operation as in the above embodiment can be performed by constructing the switch with the number 0 switch and switch number 1, and using a counter.

That is, when the switch No. 0 is operated, the musical score time is corrected and the counter is reset in the same way as in the above embodiment.

Further, when the No. 1 switch is operated, the counter is updated by one. Then, the physical time is stored in a table according to the count value of the counter (Fig. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation in this case.

When the tap switch is turned on, it is determined whether it is number 0 or 1 (n20), and if it is number 0, the bar line intended by the performer is estimated (n21), and the musical score time is corrected (n20). n22). Then, reset the counter n23)
, switches the table (n, 24). Also, when the first switch is turned on, the counter is updated (n
25), the physical time is set in the area of the table corresponding to the counter (n26).

In this way, the overall tempo and the tempo fluctuations within a bar can be controlled by operating the two tap switches, regardless of the time signature of the song being played.

(Effects of the Invention According to this invention, by operating a specific tap switch at the beginning of a measure and operating other tap switches at the beat position within the measure, changes in the overall tempo and tempo fluctuations within the measure can be clearly seen. It can be controlled while distinguishing between the two.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a configuration diagram when a sequencer, sound source, and sound system are connected to a tempo controller according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figures 2 (A) and (B) are flowcharts showing the tempo controller operation, and Figure 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of the tempo controller. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of the tempo controller of the embodiment. 1-tempo controller, 2-sequencer, 3-sound source, 4-sound system.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) a plurality of tap switches each forming tap data; means for forming a tempo value for overall tempo control based on tap data from a specific tap switch among the plurality of tap switches; A tempo controller comprising: means for forming a tempo value for tempo control within a bar based on tap data; and tempo clock information output means for outputting tempo clock information based on the tempo value.