JPH04174772A - Antibacterial, antifungal and deodorant nonwoven fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a nonwoven fabric not affecting human bodies, having no toxicity and exhibiting excellent antibacterial, antifungal and deodorant properties by coating a nonwoven fabric comprising the short fibers of a thermoplastic polymer with the deacetylated product of chitin. CONSTITUTION:To A nonwoven fabric comprising the short fibers of a thermoplastic polymer is coated with a coating solution containing the deacetylated product of chitin in an organic solvent such as formic acid or acetic acid and subsequently dried to from the coated fabric where the deacetylated product is bonded to the surface of the fabric. Since the coating nonwonen fabric exerts excellent antibacterial, antifungal and deodorant properties and is non-toxic, the fabric is suitably used especially as a medial sanitary material or bedding material.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention has antibacterial, antifungal and deodorizing properties, and is applicable to medical hygiene materials such as general clothing materials, hospital bedsheets, bandages, poultice base fabrics and diapers; ItT 3i! is used as a material for daily life-related materials such as towels and tablecloths, and bedding materials such as sheets and duvet covers. This invention relates to a short fiber nonwoven fabric that can be used for i.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In recent years, many textile products with antibacterial and deodorizing treatments have been proposed due to the need to create a healthy and comfortable living environment.

For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-54013, Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-54013,
No. 175117 and JP-A-1-250413 disclose antibacterial metals (Ag, Cu, Z) supported on zeolite.
It has been proposed that antibacterial properties be imparted by ionic dissociation of n). In addition, methods have been proposed in which various antibacterial agents such as piganite derivatives and organic silicon quaternary ammonium salts are applied to fibers and fabrics to impart antibacterial properties.

However, all of these methods have hygienic problems for the human body, especially those with sensitive skin such as newborns, depending on the intended use. Therefore, in recent years, attempts have been made to apply chitosan or 11-tosan derivatives, which are non-toxic to the human body and extremely safe, to antibacterial products. Examples of products that utilize the antibacterial properties of chitosan include JP-A-62-83875 and JP-A-63-102.
No. 623 proposes a film and a fishing net to which Ki1 to San are added. The safety of chitosan is supported by the fact that chitin containing chitosan has been used as food for agricultural products such as crabs, shrimp, insects, and mushrooms. It has also recently been added to diet foods and is included in the list of natural food additives compiled by the Ministry of Health and Welfare. Furthermore, D-glucosamine, which is a constituent unit of chitosan, exists as a constituent substance that plays a physiological function in the body, and is known to have a metabolic function. Furthermore, no acute toxicity or mutagenicity was found in searches for general toxicity and local toxicity using mice and rats, and it has been reported that it is almost non-irritating in human patch disease.

However, the above conventional example is used for general clothing materials, medical hygiene materials, etc.
It did not apply to items that come into direct contact with the human body.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention The present invention is non-toxic to the human body, extremely safe, has antibacterial, anti-fungal and odor-resistant properties, and is suitable for general clothing materials, medical hygiene materials, and bedding materials. The purpose is to provide an excellent short fiber nonwoven fabric that can be used.

Means for Solving the Problems The short fiber nonwoven fabric of the present invention is composed of short fibers of a thermoplastic polymer, and a deacetylated product of chitin is coated on the nonwoven fabric. The short fibers constituting the non-IS fabric of the present invention are made of a thermoplastic polymer having fiber-forming properties, and are made of a single polymer, or two or more polymers of a core-sheath type or a side-by-side type. It is a combination of Examples of thermoplastic polymers include polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, and copolymerized polyesters, polyolefins such as linear low-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, and polypropylene, or nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 610, Examples include polyamides such as nylon 46, and in the case of composite fibers, examples include combinations of polyethylene terephthalate and high-density polyethylene, and combinations of polypropylene and linear low-density polyethylene.

Although the single fiber fineness of the short fibers is not particularly limited, it is preferably 5 deniers or less, preferably 2 deniers or less, especially when flexibility is required in applications such as medical hygiene materials and bedding materials. In addition, when this single yarn fineness is less than 0.5 denier, when creating a web using a carding machine,
This is not preferable because it reduces the card passing performance. The fiber length is as strong and short as required when making it into a non-woven fabric! , is appropriately determined by the web creation method. For example, when a strong nonwoven fabric is required, the fiber length is set to 25 nm or more - preferably 35 mm or more. In addition, when using a card machine to form a web, the fiber length should be 25 rnm or more and 80 rnm or more.
It is preferable that the fiber length is less than +nm, and if the fiber length is less than 25 mm or exceeds 80 mm, the card passage property will deteriorate, which is not preferable. In addition, when using the papermaking method, the fiber length is preferably 10 mm or less; if the fiber length exceeds 10InI11, the dispersibility of the short fibers decreases, which is not preferable. The cross-sectional shape may be an irregular shape such as a round shape or a triangular shape, or a hollow cross-sectional shape. The nonwoven fabric referred to in the present invention is composed of the short fibers described above. These non-woven fabrics have an eye-catching I injury of 5 g/rr? If the basis weight is less than 5 g/rd, it is not only difficult to produce a uniform nonwoven fabric due to the low basis weight, but also the value of the nonwoven fabric is poor. On the other hand, if the eye injury exceeds 200 g/rri', the basis weight becomes high and the nonwoven fabric becomes thick and hard, making it undesirable for use as clothing materials or medical and sanitary materials. The antibacterial and deodorizing nonwoven fabric of the present invention is obtained by applying deacetylated chitin to the short fiber nonwoven fabric as described above. The deacetylated chitin, which is an antibacterial and deodorant component in the present invention, is obtained by removing impurities such as calcium and protein from the outer shells of crustaceans such as crabs and shrimps by acid and alkali treatment. An example is a high molecular weight 1 polymer having an amine group with a molecular weight of several hundred thousand, which is obtained by deacetylating chitin obtained by acid treatment or enzyme treatment. Alternatively, a relatively low molecular weight polymer having a molecular weight of several thousand to several tens of thousands obtained by appropriately decomposing chitosan by acid or enzyme treatment may be used. The degree of deacetylation of chitosan is preferably 50% or more in consideration of solubility in organic acids and inorganic acids and antibacterial properties.

-〇- In the present invention, first, long fibers made of the above polymer are spun using a normal melt spinning device, the spun yarn is once wound up, and a plurality of obtained undrawn yarn packages are collected to form a tow. Stretch in the state. Alternatively, without winding the spun yarn,
A plurality of pieces are bundled into a tow and stretched. During spinning, the take-up speed is usually about 100 to 1,500 m/min. The focused tow is drawn in multiple stages of two or more stages.

During stretching, the stretching ratio depends on the type of polymer constituting the fiber and the strength level required for the short Ifam, but is usually 1.
It is preferable to set it to about 5 to 6.0 times. Next, the obtained stretched tow is mechanically crimped using a stuffer-type crimping device or the like, and then cut into a predetermined length to obtain short fibers. The number of crimps is usually about 8 to 20 crimps/inch, although it depends on the bulkiness required when the nonwoven fabric is made. A web is then created using the short fibers obtained as described above.

Web formation can be performed using a card machine or by a papermaking method. Next, the obtained web is subjected to embossing treatment using, for example, an embossing roller to form a nonwoven fabric. The embossing treatment conditions are such that the linear pressure of the embossing roller is usually 30 to 100 kg/(7), and the temperature of the embossing roller is 5 to 30 kg/(7), which varies depending on the type of thermoplastic polymer or is lower than the melting point of the thermoplastic polymer constituting the fiber. The temperature should be as low as °C. In the case of composite fibers, the temperature is preferably about 5 to 30°C lower than the melting point of the low melting point component of the polymer constituting the fiber. In addition, when creating a nonwoven fabric by heat fusion treatment using a hot air circulation type dryer, etc., the treatment temperature is 30°C from the melting point of the polymer constituting the fibers.
It is preferable that the temperature is as high as 0.degree. C. and the treatment time is 5 to 120 seconds. Next, a water-soluble treatment solution of a deacetylated product of chitin, such as an organic or inorganic acid salt of chitosan or a mildly decomposed product of chitosan, is applied to the obtained nonwoven fabric. As a method of application, a dipping method, a spraying method, a vat-drying method, etc. can be used.

Coating is preferably carried out in a separate coating process provided after web formation and between winding. The treatment solution is prepared by swelling the deacetylated chitin with water and then dissolving it in acid. As the acid used for solubilization, organic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, citric acid, adipic acid, gluconic acid, and tartaric acid, or inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid and phosphoric acid can be used. Next, the nonwoven fabric coated with the treatment liquid is dried. Drying is carried out using an ordinary hot air circulation dryer, and by evaporating the water, the deacetylated chitin is fixed on the surface of the constituent fibers of the nonwoven fabric. The drying temperature is usually 5°C or more lower than the melting point of the thermoplastic polymer constituting the short fiber nonwoven fabric. The application speed may be the production speed for non-woven fabrics, usually 2 to 80 m/min, and there is no restriction on the production speed. Adjustment of the coating amount due to differences in coating method, coating speed, processing liquid viscosity, etc. is performed by changing the processing liquid concentration. An oil agent may be applied to the short fiber nonwoven fabric.
For example, an antistatic agent, a water-absorbing agent, and an oil agent such as a water repellent may be mixed and applied. As described above, the treatment liquid may be applied online during the nonwoven fabric manufacturing process, or may be applied offline to the nonwoven fabric that has been wound up.

Function: As mentioned above, the antibacterial, antifungal, and deodorizing nonwoven fabric of the present invention has antibacterial, antifungal, and deodorizing properties because the deacetylated chitin product is applied to the short fiber nonwoven fabric made of a thermoplastic polymer. . Regarding the antibacterial effect of chitosan, it has an effect of inhibiting the growth of mold and Escherichia coli (
coli), 5 taphylococcus aureus
S (Staphylococcus aureus), PseudoIlona
saeruginosa (Pseudomonas aeruginosa), Bacill
It has been reported that it has an inhibitory effect on the growth of Durham-positive and Durham-negative bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis. The details of the mechanism of these antibacterial effects are unknown.The anionic constituent substances in the bacterial cell wall are adsorbed by the cationic amine group of the quaternized 'F1~san, and as a result, cell wall biosynthesis is inhibited or It is presumed that the antibacterial effect occurs because the active transport of substances inside and outside the wall is blocked. On the other hand, many mosquitoes and bacteria that exist around us utilize the components of sweat adsorbed on underwear and socks and multiply, producing unpleasant odors. Therefore, the growth of these microorganisms can be prevented.
It is possible to suppress the odor generation by suppressing the odor with organic or inorganic acid salts of ~san or mildly decomposed products of chitosan.

Example Next, the present invention will be specifically explained based on examples.

In the Examples, as a deacetylated product of chitin, B
Chitosan having a viscosity of 9.8 centivoices and a degree of deacetylation of 91.6% as measured using an L-type viscometer at a sample concentration of 1% by weight and a temperature of 20°C was used. In addition, this chitozan 1
Add 25 parts by weight of ion-exchanged water to 1'F
After swelling the +-zan, 0.2 parts by weight of glacial acetic acid and 23.8 parts by weight of ion-exchanged water were added to prepare a stock solution for the -'F l-zan treatment, which was applied to the non-woven coating A.1. It was made into a liquid.

In addition, the bacterial reduction rate (%) was measured by the 0-Ike flask method (an antibacterial effect test method certified by the Textile Products Sanitary Processing Association) to evaluate the antibacterial properties. In addition, in the above evaluation, pneuIlloniae^TCC43 was used as the strain.
52 was used. Further, the tensile strength of the nonwoven fabric shown in the examples was determined by measuring the maximum tensile strength from a test piece having a width of 25 mm and a length of 100 n+n+ according to the strip method described in JIS l-1096.

-1,1-1 Example 1 Melting point is 128℃, Mel 1 index value is 80g/1
0 minute polyethylene polymer component A and a melting point of 258°C
1. A polyester polymer component B having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.70 is passed through a spinneret having 200 composite spinning holes into a core-sheath composite molding tool a.
Spin n. Single hole discharge amount is Polymer A.

0.6 g/min for both B (weight ratio of component A and component B is 1:1)
) Toshina. After cooling the spun long fiber yarn, it was wound up to obtain a package of core-sheath composite undrawn yarn. A plurality of the obtained packages were collected and stretched in two stages at a stretching ratio of 2.15 times. Next, stuffer is applied to the obtained stretched tow.
Type crimping (=1) After performing mechanical crimping using the given device, short fibers were obtained by cutting into a predetermined length.The number of crimps in this short fiber was 14.
The fiber length was 51 mm, and the single yarn fineness was 2 denier.

Using this short fiber, the roller card 11 manufactured by Ground Machinery
The web was made using a M32 Type 60-M32. Next, the obtained web was thermally bonded to a nonwoven fabric using a hot air circulation type morning dryer at a temperature of 135° C. for a processing time of 60 seconds. The obtained nonwoven fabric has a basis weight of 50g.
/d, the tensile strength in the direction of machine movement is 10.4kg /
25+nm, lateral tensile strength is 1.68kg/2
It was 5ROM. Next, the composite short fiber nonwoven fabric was coated with an aqueous acetic acid solution. For application, a separate pad drying machine is used, and after immersing in an aqueous acetate solution adjusted to a predetermined concentration, it is squeezed with a nip roller with a linear pressure of 4.0 kg/■, and then heated with hot air at 120'C. After drying in a dryer, it was wound up into a roll. Processing speed is 10m
/minute. In addition, when applying the chitosan acetate aqueous solution, the concentration was changed by adding ion-exchanged water to the treatment stock solution, and the short fiber nonwoven fabrics with different amounts of chitosan acetate (Example 1 1 to Examples 1-7) were collected.

Comparative Example 1 The process was carried out in exactly the same manner as in Example 1, except that ion-exchanged water was applied by dipping instead of the 1'e + -san acetate aqueous solution.

Antibacterial property test of short fiber nonwoven fabrics obtained in Example 1-1-1-7 and Examples 1-1 to 1-71 in Comparative Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Adhesion amount and antibacterial results of hextosan acetate Example 2 Melting point is 128°C, melt index value is 80g/1
0 minute polyethylene polymer component A and a melting point of 258°C,
Polyester polymer component B having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.70 was spun into a core-sheath composite type long fiber from a spinneret having 200 composite spinning holes. Single hole discharge amount is Polymer A.

0.6 g/min for both B (weight ratio of component A and component B is 1:1)
). After cooling the spun long fiber yarn, it was wound up to obtain a package of core-sheath composite undrawn yarn. A plurality of the obtained packages were collected and stretched in two stages at a stretching ratio of 2.15 times. Next, stretching treatment and stuffer-type crimp (=
After machine crimping was performed using a J-type machine, short fibers were obtained by cutting into a predetermined length. The number of crimps of this short fiber was 14/inch, the length of fiber 11 was 51 mm, and the single fiber fineness was 2 denier. Using the short fibers, a web was prepared using a roller card machine M32 type 60-M32 manufactured by Ikeji Kikai@, and then an aqueous chitozan acetate solution of a predetermined concentration was sprayed onto the web.

Next, this web was passed through a hot air circulation dryer at a heating temperature of 135° C. to be dried and thermally fused, thereby producing a nonwoven fabric. The obtained nonwoven fabric has a basis weight of 50 g/"r+
', lfi machine tension strength in all directions is 10.2kg/25
1I1m, lateral tensile strength is 1. EMkg/25
+nm.

Comparative Example 2 A nonwoven fabric-15 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2, except that ion-exchanged water was sprayed instead of the chitosan acetate aqueous solution.

Table 2 shows the amount of chitosan acetate adhered to the short fiber nonwoven fabric obtained in Example 2 and the results of the antibacterial test on the short fiber nonwoven fabric obtained in Example 2 and Comparative Example 2. As can be seen from Table 2, the nonwoven fabric to which x)-san acetate of Example 2 of the present invention was attached had an extremely high bacterial reduction rate.

Effects of the Invention The antibacterial, antifungal, and deodorizing nonwoven fabric of the present invention has the above-mentioned structure, and exhibits excellent antibacterial, antifungal, and deodorizing properties. Moreover, since deacetylated chitin is used, it is non-toxic and does not cause any effects on the human body such as rash when used, making it extremely safe. Therefore, it can be suitably used as a material for general clothing and life-related materials, especially medical and sanitary materials, and bedding materials.

Agent Hiroshi Mori Moto

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A nonwoven fabric made of short fibers of a thermoplastic polymer,
An antibacterial, antifungal, and deodorizing nonwoven fabric characterized by having a deacetylated product of chitin applied to the nonwoven fabric.