JPH04171089A - Improved toilet - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To facilitate maintenence and repair and deal with changes in the number of users by installing a sewage system consisting of septic chambers, a filter chamber, a soil treating chamber and a storage chamber arranged in that order. CONSTITUTION:The human sewage flushed from a flush toilet 1 through a sewage pipe 2 is separated in a first septic chamber 3a and a second septic chamber 3b into suspended matter, sediment and supernatant liq. by microbial action, and the supernatant liq. is filtered through a filter chamber 4. The supernatant liq. of high BOD concn. produced by the filtration is sent into a soil treating tank 7 by a pump 5 in a pump chamber 6. Thus filtered supernatant liq. is sent to an infiltration member 21 by the pump 5 to be infiltrated into soil 10 uniformly and in an unsaturated condition. Upon infiltration into the soil 10, the supernatant liq. of high BOD concn. takes in oxygen efficiently, an active oxidation of this liq. takes place by aerobic bacteria and org. and ammoniacal nitrogen in the supernatant liq. are oxidized into nitrous and nitric nitrogen. The denitrified supernatant liq. is carried from a collecting pipe 11 into a storage tank 14.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an improved toilet tank used for sewage treatment in flush toilets, and particularly for use in domestic toilets, public toilets, public facilities, camping sites,
This invention relates to an improved toilet tank suitable for treating sewage in toilets at beaches, ski resorts, villas, etc.

[Prior Art] The toilet tank used for sewage treatment in conventional flush toilets is a combination of a human waste septic tank, a storage tank, and several types of pumps.

[Problems to be solved by the invention] However, with the conventional toilet tank as described above, it is necessary to use a vacuum truck to remove the waste, making maintenance and management difficult. In this case, it is necessary to install a toilet tank with a capacity suitable for the maximum number of users, which raises the cost of equipment and is wasteful.

An object of the present invention is to provide an improved toilet tank that solves the problems of the prior art, is easy to maintain, and can respond to changes in the number of users.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the inventor of the present invention, as a result of repeated studies, has discovered that it is sufficient to combine a septic chamber, a filtration chamber, a soil treatment tank, and a storage tank. The present invention has now been completed.

That is, the present invention is an improved toilet tank characterized in that a septic chamber, a filtration chamber, a soil treatment tank, and a storage tank are arranged in this order.

[Function] In the improved toilet tank of the present invention, the inflowing sewage from the flush toilet is separated into floating matter, sediment, and supernatant liquid by the action of microorganisms in the septic chamber, and the sewage contained in the supernatant liquid is removed in the filtration chamber. After filtering the suspended solids and supplying this supernatant liquid to a soil treatment tank, the organic matter is decomposed and denitrified by the action of microorganisms contained in the soil.
Collect it in a storage tank and pump it out.

In particular, by configuring the putrefaction chamber to include the 11g breakage chamber and the second putrefaction chamber, floating matter and sediment can be removed more completely.

In addition, the soil treatment tank forms a space in the soil with an open top using an impermeable member, fills the space with permeable soil, and lays a water collection pipe at the bottom of the space. In the case where an infiltration member is provided above the water pipe and earth is embanked above the space over the outside of the impermeable member,
When the supernatant liquid is supplied to the infiltration member, the supernatant liquid infiltrates into the soil from the infiltration member, forming parabolic hydraulic gradient lines A and A' on the left and right sides of the water collection pipe, as shown in Figure 2. be done.

The upper side of this hydraulic gradient line becomes a capillary unsaturated water zone, where the negative pressure of the soil's pore water is high, maintaining aerobic properties, and nitrogen compounds in the supernatant are oxidized by aerobic bacteria, producing nitrous acid. , becomes nitrate nitrogen. In particular, the supernatant liquid supplied from the septic chamber has nearly zero dissolved oxygen, but when it infiltrates into the soil from the infiltration member by siphoning and unsaturated flow,
It can take in oxygen very easily. Moreover, this supernatant liquid has a high BOD concentration and contains a large amount of organic matter that serves as food for soil microorganisms. These can activate the respiration and metabolic activities of microorganisms and promote oxidation reactions.

On the other hand, the area below the hydraulic gradient line becomes a capillary saturated water zone, and as time passes, the negative pressure of the soil's pore water decreases, resulting in an oxygen-deficient state. Therefore, in this zone, nitrite and nitrate nitrogen generated by oxidation in the capillary unsaturated water zone is reduced by facultative anaerobes and becomes nitrogen gas.

In this way, oxidation and reduction can be performed continuously in one treatment tank.

In addition, by embanking the upper part of the space formed by the impermeable member over the outside of the impermeable member and communicating the inside and outside of the impermeable member, the inside of the impermeable member is prevented from being damaged by the siphon phenomenon. This allows the formation of a capillary unsaturated water zone and a capillary saturated water zone separated by a hydraulic gradient line. If the inside and outside of a water-impermeable member are not communicated, the inside becomes positive pressure, and the entire inside becomes anaerobic, making it difficult to form both the capillary unsaturated water zone and the capillary saturated water zone. . This embankment also serves to prevent rainwater from entering the system by flowing it away as a surface stream.

Since the improved toilet tank of the present invention utilizes the purifying action of natural microorganisms, it can adequately cope with large fluctuations in the number of users, and the wastewater collected in the storage tank is extremely clean. There is no fear of re-decomposition, and the sludge accumulated in the septic chamber can be treated as fertilizer, so there is no need to pump it out with a vacuum truck, and maintenance is extremely easy.

[Example] Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view showing an example of the improved feces tank of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the soil treatment tank used in the present invention. 1 and 2, 1 is a flush toilet, 2 is a sewage supply pipe, 1 is a septic chamber consisting of a first septic chamber 3a and a second septic chamber 3b, 4 is a filtration chamber, 5 is a pump, 6
is the pump room. E is a soil treatment tank, which includes an impermeable member 8 forming a space with an open top in the soil 9, a permeable soil 10 filled in the space, a water collection pipe 11 laid at the bottom of the space, Infiltration member 12 provided above the water collection pipe 11
, an embankment 13 is formed at the upper part of the space over the outside of the impermeable member 8, that is, the side of the soil 9. 14 is a storage tank. Note that the discharge end 11a of the water collection pipe 11 is bent upward so as to have a constant hydrostatic head length of -' in order to maintain predetermined hydraulic gradient lines A and A'.

Examples of the water-impermeable member 8 that forms the open-topped space in the soil 9 include synthetic resin sheets, fiber-reinforced plastics, and reinforced concrete. The width W of the space formed by this water-impermeable member 8 is 60 cm to 4 m, while forming the hydraulic gradient lines A and A' and performing oxidation and reduction continuously in one treatment tank. In particular, it is preferably 1 m to 3 m.

Examples of the water collection pipe 11 include a synthetic resin pipe with an appropriate number of water passage holes, a pipe with a diameter of 5 to 10 mm made by braiding synthetic resin monofilament into a cylindrical shape, and wrapped in a non-woven fabric. I can do it.

Further, as the infiltration member 12, any material may be used as long as the treated water can be infiltrated into the soil uniformly in an unsaturated state. For example, a structure as shown in FIG. 3 is preferably used. It will be done.

In the infiltration member 12 shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of wing pieces 22 also made of a water-absorbent sheet are attached to the side surface of a tubular body 21 made of a water-absorbent sheet. :22″ is formed protrudingly,
The tubular body 21 is filled with bristle-like fibers 23, and a water-permeable pipe 24 is disposed in the center thereof. The outer lower surface of the tubular body 21 is covered with a water-impermeable sheet 25. As the water-absorbent sheet constituting the tubular body 21 and the wing pieces 22, 22', a polyester fiber nonwoven fabric having a thickness of about 1 to 10 mm is suitably used.

The embankment 13 provided above the space formed by the impermeable member 8 over the soil 9 outside the impermeable member 8 may normally be formed to have a thickness of 10 cm or more from the surface of the soil 9. Furthermore, the distance between the water collection pipe 11 and the infiltration member 12 is as follows:
Usually, 20 to 30 cm is sufficient.

Now, the sewage supplied from the flush toilet 1 via the sewage supply pipe 2 is separated into floating matter, sediment, and supernatant liquid by the action of microorganisms in the first septic chamber 3a and the second septic chamber 3b. The supernatant liquid is filtered in the filtration chamber 4.

The thus filtered supernatant liquid with high B OD concentration is sent to the soil treatment tank 2 by the pump 5 in the pump chamber 6. That is, the filtered supernatant liquid is transferred to the infiltration member 12 by the pump 5.
and infiltrated evenly into the soil 10 in an unsaturated state. In addition, if it is possible to create a slope between the filtration chamber 4 and the soil treatment tank in a mountainous area, etc., the pump 5 and the pump chamber 6 can be omitted and the supernatant liquid is transferred to the filtration chamber 4 using the natural slope. The soil can then be sent to the soil treatment tank.

In the soil 10, as shown in Fig. 2, parabolic hydraulic gradient lines A and A' are formed on the left and right sides of the water collection pipe 11, and the upper side of the hydraulic gradient lines A and A' is filled with capillary unsaturated water. The soil forms a belt, and the negative pressure of the soil's pore water is high, maintaining aerobic conditions. B.O.
When the supernatant liquid with a high Dfi degree infiltrates into the soil 10, it efficiently takes in oxygen, and in this zone, active oxidation by aerobic bacteria takes place, and organic and ammonia nitrogen in the supernatant liquid is oxidized. It becomes nitrite and nitrate nitrogen.

The supernatant liquid subjected to the oxidation treatment in this way has a hydrodynamic gradient fiA
, nitrite and nitrate nitrogen that seeps into the capillary saturated water zone (anaerobic zone) below A' and is oxidized in the capillary unsaturated water zone is reduced by facultative anaerobes. , becomes nitrogen gas.

The denitrified supernatant liquid is discharged from the water collection pipe 11 to the storage tank 14.

By connecting the inside and outside of the impermeable member 8 with the embankment 13, the inside of the impermeable member 8 can be maintained at a negative pressure by the siphon phenomenon, and the area can be divided by the hydraulic gradient lines A and A''. It becomes possible to form a capillary unsaturated water zone and a capillary saturated water zone, and sequentially perform oxidation treatment and reduction treatment. If the hydrostatic length can be changed by making it vertically expandable, the negative pressure difference between the inside and outside of the impermeable member 8 can be adjusted to change the position of the hydraulic gradient lines A and A' up and down. This is desirable because it allows movement to be controlled.

[Effect of the invention] The effects of the present invention are as follows.

(1) The wastewater treated with the improved toilet tank of the present invention and collected in the storage tank has BOD and COD of 3 ppm or less, Escherichia coli of 30 cells/m1 or less, total nitrogen of 20 ppm or less, and nitrate nitrogen of 10 ppm or less. It can be used for watering flowers and trees, and as water for miscellaneous purposes.Furthermore, the sludge accumulated in the septic chamber can be treated as fertilizer, so there is no need to pump it out with a vacuum truck.

(2) There is no need for a drive device at all, or even if a drive device is used, it is just a pump to send the supernatant, no special operation is required, and equipment costs and maintenance costs are low.

(3) Since it utilizes purification by natural microorganisms, it is not directly affected by fluctuations in the amount of inflowing sewage, and can adequately cope with large fluctuations in the number of users of flush toilets.

Therefore, the improved toilet tank of the present invention is extremely suitable for treating sewage in toilets such as domestic toilets, public toilets, public facilities, campgrounds, beaches, ski resorts, and villas, and is extremely effective in preventing environmental pollution. This is a significant invention.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical sectional view showing an example of the improved toilet tank of the present invention;
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the soil treatment tank used in the improved toilet tank of the present invention, and Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the infiltration member used in the soil treatment tank used in the improved toilet tank of the present invention. It is a diagram. Dan... Septic chamber 3a... 1st g failure chamber 3b... 2nd septic chamber 4... Filtration chamber E... Soil treatment tank 8... Impermeable member 9... Soil 10... Permeable soil 11... Water collection pipe 11a... Water collection pipe discharge end 12... Infiltration member 13... Embankment 21... Tubular body 22.22''... Wing piece

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An improved toilet tank characterized by having a septic chamber, a filtration chamber, a soil treatment tank, and a storage tank arranged in this order. 2. The improved toilet tank according to claim 1, wherein the septic chamber comprises a first septic chamber and a second septic chamber. 3. In the soil treatment tank, a space with an open top is formed in the soil using an impermeable member, the space is filled with permeable soil, and a water collection pipe is laid at the bottom of the tank. Claim 1: An infiltration member is provided above the water collection pipe, and earth is embanked above the space over the outside of the impermeable member.
Or the improved toilet tank described in 2. 4. The improved toilet tank according to claim 3, wherein the infiltration member has a plurality of wings made of a water-absorbing sheet protruding from a side surface of a tubular body of the water-absorbing sheet. 5. The improved toilet tank according to claim 1, wherein the length of the hydrostatic head at the discharge end of the water collection pipe can be changed.