JPH04171030A - Filtration apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To efficiently filter a solution containing a large amount of fine particles and suspension substances by putting a plurality of filtration devices using bundles of a specified number of hollow yarn filtration membranes in a distance each other not to touch accumulated layers each other and making the lower end parts of the filtration devices not have open parts and be movable. CONSTITUTION:A filtration device is composed using hollow yarn bundles 20 consisting of hollow yarn filtration membranes 1. The number of the hollow yarn membranes 1 is set to be <=1000 and filled density of the part which is filled with the hollow yarn filtration membranes 1 with almost a uniform density in the transverse cross-section of the hollow yarn bundles 20 is made to be >=20%. The upper end parts of the hollow yarn bundles 20 are so supported and fixed as to have open parts 3 of the hollow yarn filtration membranes 1 and the lower end parts of them are made not to have open parts and made movable, and a plurality of the filtration devices are put in a container to give a filtration apparatus. In this case, the filtration devices are put in a distance each other in order not to touch the accumulated layers adhering due to the filtration each other easily. A raw liquid 12 is introduced into the hollow yarn bundles 20 and a filtered liquid is obtained in a cap body 22.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention is a method for precisely removing various types of fine particles and suspended solids from solutions containing a large amount of fine particles and suspended solids, such as water and sewage. The present invention relates to a filtration device for the purpose of filtration and removal.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, in purifying water, sewage, etc., several stages of sedimentation separation and sand filtration have been used to remove various particulates and suspended solids contained in the raw solution.

The main purpose of sedimentation separation is to obtain a clear liquid and to obtain concentrated particles and suspended solids (sludge). Sand filtration or the like is performed to further purify the clear liquid (supernatant liquid) obtained by sedimentation.

On the other hand, sludge is further concentrated by various filtration methods using filter cloth, etc., and then dried by heating or incineration.
Processing is taking place.

In addition, filter cloth, filter paper,
Filter media such as diatomaceous earth are used.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In recent years, in the treatment of water, sewage, etc., obtaining a more purified treatment liquid has become increasingly important from the point of view of environmental conservation. In addition, it is being considered to obtain a thicker sludge by further removing the water contained in the sludge separated by sedimentation, reducing the burden of subsequent processing, and improving efficiency. It is desired that the removed water be more purified.

Furthermore, in general, more precise filtration and separation is required in the filtration of liquids containing a large amount of various fine particles and suspended substances, such as culture solutions of microorganisms.

However, as mentioned above, filtration using sand filtration and other filter media can be said to be rough filtration, and although it is possible to remove a large amount of relatively large particles and suspended solids, the filtration accuracy is poor, and particles and suspended solids are There was a problem that leakage of water was unavoidable. In addition, particles tend to get trapped in filter media such as filter cloth and paper, and even if the filter media is regenerated by washing, it is difficult to remove the particles that have gotten in. This gradually causes clogging and reduces filtration performance. There is a problem with putting it away.

The precision filtration method using a filtration membrane having controlled micropores with a pore size of 1 μm or less allows highly accurate filtration and removal that solves the above problems. however,
The microfiltration method is a method mainly used when the concentration of particles and suspended matter in the stock solution is relatively low. This is because the micropores of the membrane are extremely fine compared to those of the filter cloth, etc.
This is because when a stock solution containing a large amount of particles and suspended matter is processed, they immediately accumulate on the surface of the layer to form a deposited layer, which rapidly reduces the filtration rate. It is thought that it is possible to perform filtration again by removing the deposited layer formed on the surface of the filtration membrane, but very few filtration devices using precision filtration membranes have sufficiently taken this point into consideration.

In addition, in order to filter the above-mentioned stock solutions, studies were conducted from the viewpoint of filtration operation methods, and it was found that the precision filtration method using cross-flow filtration would be suitable for filtration of stock solutions with relatively high particle concentrations. It has come to be used in some cases. However, in cross-flow filtration, it is necessary to constantly form a flow of the stock solution in order to perform filtration, and a circuit, power, and control system are required for this purpose, making the entire system complicated. Moreover, it cannot be applied at all to stock solutions with particle concentrations and viscosity that do not allow the formation of the necessary flow.

Among precision filtration membranes, hollow fiber filtration membranes (hollow fiber filtration membranes)
By using the above, it is possible to construct a filtration device that can obtain a high filtration rate, reduce a decrease in the filtration rate, and improve the ease of removing the deposited layer. This is because hollow fiber filtration membranes can have a much larger filtration area due to their shape than those of other structures, such as flat plate filtration membranes, and because of their thread-like shape, the membrane itself Since it partially functions as a support structure, there is no need for a complicated membrane support, and the structure is relatively simple.
This is because the deposited layer can be removed relatively easily by applying some type of fluid flow to the filtration membrane itself.

However, filtration elements with a conventionally used general structure using hollow fiber filtration membranes cannot take full advantage of this characteristic, and it is difficult to construct a device used for filtration for the above purpose. Ta.

Therefore, the present invention takes advantage of the characteristics of a filtration element using a hollow fiber filtration membrane, making it possible to filter liquids containing large amounts of fine particles, suspended solids, etc. more efficiently with a simple system. The purpose is to provide a filtration device.

[Means for Solving the Problem] A filtration element is constructed using a bundle (hollow fiber bundle) of hollow fiber filtration membranes (hollow fiber filtration membranes). The number of hollow fiber filtration membranes in the hollow fiber bundle is 1000 or less, one end of the hollow fiber bundle is supported and fixed so as to have an opening of the hollow fiber filtration membrane, and the other end is a hollow fiber filtration membrane. The filtration membrane has no openings and is movable. A filtration device is constructed by installing a plurality of these filtration elements in a container. The filter elements are arranged at intervals such that the deposited layers deposited by filtration do not easily come into contact with each other.

A cap body is installed on the supporting and fixing part having the opening of the hollow fiber filtration membrane, and a casing having a communication part is installed at a position W that does not easily come into contact with the deposited layer attached to the hollow fiber bundle by filtration. do.

Further, in the cross section of the hollow fiber bundle, the packing density of the portion where the hollow fiber filtration membranes are packed with a substantially uniform density is 20% or more.

By doing the above, it is possible to provide a filtration device that can more efficiently filter a solution containing a large amount of fine particles and suspended matter.

[Function] Figure 1 shows the structure of a general filtration element that uses a hollow fiber filtration membrane and has been widely used up until now.A hollow fiber filtration membrane 1 is adhesively fixed at both ends with a fixing resin 2. and is held by the casing 7.

An opening 3 of the hollow fiber filtration membrane 1 is formed in one of the adhesively fixed portions by the fixed resin 2. When performing filtration, the fluid 4 is introduced into the filtered side (undiluted solution side) 5 through the communication part 8 provided in the housing 7, and is introduced from the outside of the hollow fiber filtration membrane into the micropores formed in the hollow fiber filtration membrane wall. and flows out into the hollow part of the hollow fiber filtration membrane, from the opening 3 of the hollow fiber filtration membrane to the filtration side 6.
It comes out.

Suspended substances and the like in the fluid 4 are mainly captured on the outer surface of the hollow fiber filtration membrane. Figure 2a shows the state of the hollow fiber bundle when a stock solution containing a large amount of fine particles and suspended solids is filtered using the general filtration element shown in Figure 1.
The figure shows the xx' cross section. When filtering a solution containing a large amount of fine particles and suspended solids, the hollow fiber filtration membrane wall works effectively immediately after filtration starts, making use of the large filtration area that is characteristic of a filtration element using a hollow fiber filtration membrane. High filtration rates can be obtained. However, a deposited layer 11 of suspended matter immediately forms on the outer periphery 10 of the hollow fiber bundle, which acts as a resistance to filtration, resulting in a rapid decline in filtration performance.

The stock solution 12 passes through the deposited layer 11 and reaches the hollow fiber bundle, where it is immediately filtered, but since the amount that can be filtered by the hollow fiber filtration membrane is larger than the amount that passes through the deposited layer, this filtration is performed using the hollow fiber filtration membrane. This is done by the hollow fiber filtration membranes in the portion 13 of the fiber bundle near the deposited layer, and the hollow fiber filtration membranes near the center of the hollow fiber bundle become a wasted portion 14 that does not work effectively.

In general, practical filtration devices using hollow fiber filtration membranes to date have used filtration elements made up of bundles of several thousand to several hundred hollow fibers, resulting in a large number of wasted parts as described above. ineffective. Furthermore, in a bundle having a large number of hollow fibers, deposits enter the bundle and are extremely difficult to remove.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the hollow fiber bundle and the casing formed on the outside thereof are close to each other, and there is a problem in that it is difficult to remove deposits held between them.

As a result of fabricating and studying filtration elements of various structures using hollow fiber bundles of various number configurations, the present inventor found that the number of hollow fibers constituting one bundle is 1000 or less, particularly preferably 5.
By setting the number in the range of 0 to 500, efficient filtration is possible with less wasted parts, and this bundle is used to create a filtration element with a structure that is designed with a casing and a method of holding the bundle, and this is used as a container. The present invention was based on the discovery that by installing a plurality of filters in the filter, it is possible to easily remove deposits attached during filtration and to construct a device that can perform efficient filtration. be.

FIG. 3 shows an example of a filter element used in the apparatus of the present invention. Four bundles of hollow fibers 20 each having a number of 1,000 or less fibers are installed to form a filtration element. One end of the multi-bundle is glued and fixed with a fixing resin 2 so that there is an opening 3 in the hollow fiber membrane, and the other end is glued and fixed with a filling resin 21 in each of the multi-bundles so that there is no opening in the hollow fiber. ing. The ends of the multiple bundles bonded with the filling resin 21 are not fixed and are movable. A cap body 22 is further liquid-tightly joined to the fixed resin 2. During filtration, it can be removably connected to the line for collecting filtrate via this cap body, so you can increase or decrease the number of elements or replace them depending on the required processing amount. can be easily implemented. The filtration stock solution 12 is introduced from the outside of each hollow fiber, passes through the hollow fiber wall, and enters the opening portion 3 of the hollow fiber filtration membrane 1 formed on the fixed resin 2.
The liquid flows out from the cap body 22 and is obtained as a filtrate 23. As filtration progresses, a deposited layer forms around the multi-bundle as shown in Figure 2, but since it is a thin bundle of less than 1000 fibers, there is less wasted hollow fiber filtration membrane portion, making it more efficient. is good.

Now, as the filtration progresses, suspended substances and the like accumulate on the surface of each hollow fiber bundle to form a deposited layer, but if the deposited layers come into contact with each other, the filtration efficiency of the element will decrease. This is because when the deposited layers come into contact, the distance from the outer surface of the deposited layer to the hollow fiber bundle increases, and this deposited layer essentially acts as a pre-filtration layer, reducing the surface area of this pre-filtration layer. This is because you will end up doing it.

Therefore, it is best to place each bundle a certain distance apart.
The distance between each bundle should be at least 5 mm, preferably at least 10 mm. If it is less than this, the deposited layers will come into contact with each other immediately after a short time of filtration, reducing the efficiency of the filter element.
Furthermore, it becomes difficult to remove the deposited layer. In order to prevent the deposited layers from coming into contact with each other, filtration must be completed in a short period of time, which is impractical.

It is preferable that the packing density of the hollow fiber filtration membrane in each hollow fiber bundle is 20% or more. When the packing density becomes 20% or less,
Even in the present invention where the number of hollow fibers is 1000 or less, the amount of deposits of suspended substances that enter between the hollow fiber filtration membranes increases,
This is because it becomes increasingly difficult to remove this.

The packing density referred to here means that when looking at the cross section of the hollow fiber bundle, the cross section of each hollow fiber filtration membrane is It means the percentage of the area actually occupied.

One end of the hollow fiber bundle is adhesively fixed with a fixing resin or the like so that it has an opening in the hollow fiber filtration membrane, and the other end has a structure in which there is no opening in the hollow fiber filtration membrane, and the bundle is moved on the side without this opening. It is configured so that it can be By doing this, the deposit layer that has adhered to the hollow fiber bundle due to filtration can be removed by shaking the hollow fiber bundle by blowing fluid onto the hollow fiber bundle or vibrating the element from side to side. This is because it can be easily removed.

It is preferable that the ends of the hollow fiber filtration membranes, which can be moved, be bonded with a filled resin as shown above so that they can be moved while substantially maintaining the shape of the hollow fiber bundle. A similar removal effect can be achieved even if the thread filtration membranes are configured to move individually. However, the hollow fiber filtration membrane may become entangled or bent, so care must be taken when handling it during use.

Materials for hollow fiber filtration membranes include cellulose derivatives such as regenerated cellulose, cellulose acetate, and nitrocellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylonitrile, polymethyl methacrylate, and polyamide, as well as polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, and polytetrafluorocarbons. Various materials such as fluorocarbon polymers such as ethylene can be used.

The average pore diameter of the hollow fiber filtration membrane is desirably 1 μm or less, and in particular, 0.2 μm or less is required for removing microorganisms and the like. 1
If it exceeds μm, it becomes similar to rough filtration using filter cloth, diatomaceous earth, etc., and the advantage of using a precision filtration membrane decreases.

The filtration device of the present invention can be most suitably used for total filtration of liquids containing a large amount of fine particles, suspended solids, etc., with a concentration of several thousand ppm or more, but it can of course be used for filtration of various other liquids. It will be clear that it can also be used effectively.

EXAMPLES The present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples below, but the Examples are not intended to limit the present invention.

[Example 4] FIG. 4 shows an example of the filtration device of the present invention, in which a filtration element based on the structure shown in FIG. There are 4 units installed.

Each filtration element uses four bundles of hollow fibers, and one end of the bundle of hollow fibers is adhesively fixed with a fixing resin 2 so as to have an opening 3 of the hollow fiber filtration membrane 1. Further, a cap body 30 is fixed to the fixed resin 2 in a liquid-tight manner, and a housing 31 is further fixed to the fixed resin 2 for protecting the hollow fiber bundle during fabrication and handling of the device. A communication portion 8 is formed in the housing 31 . At the end of the hollow fiber bundle opposite to the fixed resin 2, the opening of the hollow fiber filtration membrane 1 is closed with a filling resin 21. Further, the filled resin 21 adheres and fixes each hollow fiber filtration membrane so as to maintain the shape of the hollow fiber bundle. In this part, each hollow fiber bundle itself is separated, and the housing 3
1 is not fixed, so each can be moved. Instead of using the filled resin 21, for example, in hollow fiber filtration membranes made of a thermoplastic material such as polyolefin, the openings of each hollow fiber filtration membrane may be closed and the ends may be fixed by thermal welding.

The housing 31 is desirably separated from the hollow fiber bundle to such an extent that the deposited layer produced by filtration does not easily come into contact with it, and the shortest distance to the hollow fiber bundle is 10 mm or more, preferably 15 mm.
The above is good. This is because if the accumulated deposited layer comes into contact with the casing, the casing will act to hold the deposited layer, which will hinder the removal of the deposited layer.

The filtration element constructed in this way is further liquid-tightly installed on the fixing plate 33 by means of an O-ring 32 installed on the cap body 30, and fixedly held by fixing screws 34.

The fixing plate 33 is further liquid-tightly attached to the lid body 36 by an O-ring 35.
The lid body 36 is liquid-tightly fixed to the box body 39 by a stopper 38 via a gasket 37, thereby forming a container 40.

The box 39 is provided with a stock solution inlet 41 and a drain 42 for removing accumulated suspended solids.

Further, a filtrate outlet 43 is installed in the lid body 36.

A stock solution 12 containing a large amount of fine particles, suspended matter, etc. is introduced into the filtration device 40 from the stock solution inlet 41, and is passed through the filtration element housing 3.
The filtrate 23 reaches the hollow fiber filtration membrane 1 through the communication portion 8 of the hollow fiber filtration membrane 1 and is filtered on its surface, and the filtrate 23 flows out from the opening 3 of the hollow fiber filtration membrane to the inside of the cap body 30 and further passes through the inside of the lid body 36. The filtrate exits from the filtrate outlet 43.

Now, by removing the deposited layer formed on the hollow fiber bundle after filtration, it becomes possible to repeatedly perform filtration with high efficiency. In the present invention, since one end of the hollow fiber bundle is movable, the deposited layer can be shaken off by vibrating the entire element vertically and horizontally. In this embodiment, by removing the stopper 38 of the container 40, separating the lid 36 and the box 39, and lifting the lid onto the box, each filtration element installed on the fixing plate 33 can also be removed from the lid. 36 and is lifted from the box 39.

By vibrating the lid 36 vertically and horizontally, the hollow fiber bundles of each element can be shaken to shake off deposits.

Further, at this time, backwashing can be performed by sending the filtrate 23 and other fluids in the opposite direction from the filtrate outlet side to achieve a higher removal effect. Although not shown in the figure, a nozzle for discharging running water or the like is installed in the box 39 and water is sprayed from there to each filter element, or a nozzle for discharging gas such as air is installed at the bottom of the box 39. It is also preferable to enable stirring by blowing in gas. In this way, when attempting to remove the deposited layer by spraying or stirring fluid such as water or air from outside the housing of each filtration element, the hollow fiber bundle itself also oscillates, resulting in high It is possible to obtain a removal effect.

It is also possible to install only one filtration element in the filtration device, but since a hollow fiber bundle with a small number of hollow fibers is used, the amount of filtration that can be obtained will be small, making it impractical. It is desirable to install multiple elements.

Examples of experiments conducted to confirm the effects of the present invention are shown below.

Experimental Example 1 Using polypropylene hollow fiber filtration membranes with a pore diameter of 0.1 μm and an outer diameter of 440 μm, filtration elements were prepared using bundles of various numbers of fibers each having a length of 25 cm.

The basic structure was similar to that shown in FIG. 3, and the other parts (cap body, casing, etc.) had the structure shown in FIG. 4. The packing density of the hollow fiber bundle was approximately 50%.

Since polypropylene is hydrophobic, a surfactant (Tr
The material was treated to make it hydrophilic using iton X100). This filtration element was set in the experimental circuit shown in Figure 5, and a pressure filtration experiment was conducted at a filtration pressure of 2 kg/cm.
S concentration 2.5%) was used. Stock solution 4 in stock solution tank 45
6 is a container 4 in which a filtration element 48 is installed with pressurized air 47;
9, and filtration is performed at a predetermined filtration pressure. The resulting filtrate 50 is collected in a filtrate tank 51.

Experimental results Figure 6 shows the relationship between the filtration rate per filtration element and the number of hollow fibers in the filtration element 10 minutes after the start of filtration.

When the number of hollow fibers increases, the filtration area increases correspondingly, and the filtration rate increases accordingly, but as the number of hollow fibers increases, the amount of increase gradually decreases even though the filtration rate increases. It can be seen that when the number of filters exceeds 1,000, the filtration rate cannot be increased much by increasing the number of filters, and the efficiency deteriorates.

In this way, in a filtration device using hollow fiber filtration membranes for implementing the purpose of filtration of the present invention, it is possible to achieve 10
It is more efficient to install a large number of hollow fiber bundles with a small number of 00 or less fibers.

The smaller the number of hollow fibers in the bundle, the higher the filtration efficiency per unit area of the filtration membrane. However, if the number of hollow fibers in the bundle is too small, the manufacturing and handling of the element will become complicated, and the structure of the filtration device will become complicated. There is a drawback.

In addition, the number of bundles that can be installed per installation area of the entire filtration device in which elements are installed will be larger if the number of hollow fibers is smaller, but the filtration rate per element or per device will be lower, so the number of bundles The number of hollow fibers is preferably in the range of about 50 to 500.

Experimental Example 2 Using a polypropylene hollow fiber filtration membrane with a pore diameter of 0.1 μm and an outer diameter of 440 μm, the number of hollow fibers was 250 and the length was 25.
c + a bundle, and using four of these bundles, the effective filtration area is 28
Three types of filtration elements having the same configuration as that shown in FIG. 3 of "00 am" were prepared.

One is configured such that the distance between each hollow fiber bundle is 15 mm or more (Example 2), and the other is configured such that the distance is 10 mm or more.
(Example 3), and the other one was 4 mm (Example 4).

The packing density of the hollow fiber filtration membrane was approximately 50%.

These filter elements were installed in the experimental circuit shown in Figure 5,
Filtration was carried out for 30 minutes under the same conditions as in Experimental Example 1. Thereafter, the filtration element 48 was taken out from the container 49, placed in a cleaning container filled with water, and shaken from side to side in an experiment to remove the deposited layer.

Experimental results FIG. 7 shows the change over time in the cumulative filtration amount of each filtration element. Immediately after the start of filtration, filtration was performed rapidly and a filtrate was obtained. However, it can be seen that after a few minutes, the filtration rate rapidly decreases and the amount of filtrate obtained decreases. This tendency is seen in all the examples, and it can be seen that the filtration rate is reduced due to the accumulation of suspended substances.

Looking at each example here, we find that in Example 2, the deposited layers attached to each hollow fiber bundle were formed at a sufficient distance from each other, and in Example 2, the deposited layers were almost separated from each other, but some of them were in contact. In Example 3, the values are similar. On the other hand, in Example 4, in which a considerable portion of the deposited layers attached to each hollow fiber bundle was in contact with each other at the shortest distance of the multiple bundles, the amount of filtration obtained was smaller than in these examples, and the filtration efficiency due to the contact of the deposited layers was It can be seen that there is a decrease in

Regarding the removal of the deposited layer, in Example 2, by shaking the fibers 5 to 6 times in water from side to side, the deposited layer adhered to each hollow fiber bundle was easily peeled off and could be removed cleanly. . Although Example 3 was a little more difficult to remove than Example 2, it could be similarly removed neatly by shaking it in water about 13 to 15 times. In Example 4, compared to the previous two examples, it was almost possible to remove it by shaking it in water 25 to 35 times. Some parts still remained. From this result, each hollow fiber bundle has at least 5
It can be seen that it is good to have a diameter of 10 mm or more, preferably 10 mm or more.

Experimental Example 3 Using a polypropylene hollow fiber filtration membrane with a pore diameter of 0.1 μm and an outer diameter of 440 μm, the number of hollow fibers was 250 and the length was 25.
Two types of filtration elements having a structure similar to that shown in FIG. 4 and having an effective filtration area of 700 cm'' using one bundle of cm were prepared.

On one side, the shortest distance between the inside and the hollow fiber bundle is 15 m.
A case with a large diameter of 5 mm was used (Example 5), and a case with a small diameter with a similar distance of 5 mm was used (Example 6).
), and the packing density of the hollow fiber filtration membrane was approximately 50%.

These filter elements were installed in the experimental circuit shown in Figure 5,
Filtration was carried out for 30 minutes under the same conditions as in Experimental Example 1. Thereafter, the filtration element was removed from the container, placed in a cleaning container filled with water, and shaken from side to side in an experiment to remove the deposited layer.

As a comparative example, a hollow fiber filtration element having the general structure shown in FIG. 1 with the same filtration area was prepared using a similar hollow fiber filtration membrane, and a similar experiment was conducted.

Experimental Results In Example 5, the deposited layer was easily peeled off from the hollow fiber bundle by shaking it from side to side 5 to 6 times in water, and could be removed cleanly. In Example 6, the deposited layer was in contact with the casing, and was slightly more difficult to remove than in Example 2, but it was able to be removed by shaking it about 25 to 35 times. On the other hand, in the comparative example, although it was possible to partially remove it by the same operation, the deposited layer that adhered between the hollow fiber bundle and the casing or between the fixing resin could not be easily removed, and it was necessary to shake it more than 40 times. remained.

These results show that the element of the present invention, in which one end of the hollow fiber bundle is configured to be movable, can remove the accumulated deposited layer very efficiently. Furthermore, by installing the casing, which is provided to protect the hollow fiber bundle, away from the hollow fiber bundle so that it does not come into contact with the deposited layer, the deposited layer can be removed more effectively. It turns out that it becomes.

Experimental Example 4 A filtration element with an effective filtration area of 700 c♂ was prepared using 250 polypropylene hollow fiber filtration membranes with a pore diameter of 11 μm and an outer diameter of 440 μm, and one bundle of 25 cm in length.

The basic structure was similar to that shown in Figure 3.

Here, in Example 7, the packing density of the hollow fiber filtration membrane was about 35%,
Example 8 was set to about 20%, and Example 9 was set to about 15%.

These filter elements were installed in the experimental circuit shown in Figure 5,
Filtration was carried out for 30 minutes under the same conditions as in Experimental Example 1. Thereafter, the filtration element 48 was taken out from the container 49, placed in a cleaning container filled with water, and shaken from side to side in an experiment to remove the deposited layer.

Experimental Results In Example 7, the deposited layer was easily peeled off from the hollow fiber bundle by shaking it left and right 5 to 6 times in water, and almost no deposit remained in the hollow fiber bundle, and it was removed cleanly. was completed. Similarly, in Example 8, the deposited layer adhering to the outer surface of the bundle could be easily removed, but compared to Example 4, the deposit remained inside the hollow fiber bundle, and it took about 20 to 30 times to remove it. I needed to shake it. On the other hand, in Example 6, the deposited layer adhering to the bundle could be peeled off by shaking it about 10 times, but a considerable amount of deposit remained inside the hollow fiber bundle, and it could not be removed cleanly even after shaking it more than 30 times. I couldn't do that. From the above results, it can be seen that if the packing density of the hollow fiber filtration membrane of the hollow fiber bundle is too low, it becomes difficult to remove deposits.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, the filtration device according to the present invention has the following advantages.

■Hollow fiber filtration membranes are used as a bundle, and multiple filtration elements are used in which the number of hollow fiber filtration membranes constituting the bundle is 1000 or less, so that the hollow fiber filtration membranes work effectively, and particulates and Efficient filtration of liquids containing large amounts of suspended solids, etc.
Be able to implement it.

■One end of the hollow fiber bundle has no opening in the hollow fiber filtration membrane, and is configured so that it can be moved while maintaining the substantial shape of the bundle, making it possible to effectively remove the accumulated deposit layer. .

(2) Since the substantial packing density of the hollow fiber filtration membranes in the cross section of the hollow fiber bundle is set to 20% or more, a deposited layer is not formed in the hollow fiber bundle and can be easily removed.

(2) Since the filtration elements are spaced apart so that the deposited layers formed on the filtration elements do not easily come into contact with each other, filtration efficiency is high and the deposited layers can be easily removed.

■Since the casing is installed away from the hollow fiber bundle so that it does not come into contact with the deposited layer, the deposited layer can be removed effectively.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 shows a partial cross-sectional view of a hollow fiber filtration element that has been commonly used, and Figure 2 a shows a case in which it is used to filter a stock solution containing a large amount of suspended solids, etc. b shows a partial cross-sectional view of the hollow fiber bundle portion, and b shows its xx' cross-sectional view. FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view showing an example of a filter element used in the filter device of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view showing an embodiment of the filtration device of the present invention. FIG. 5 shows an experimental circuit, FIG. 6 shows the results of Experimental Example 1, and FIG. 7 shows part of the results of Experimental Example 2. 1...Hollow fiber filtration membrane 2...Fixed resin 3...
Opening 4...Fluid 5...Filtered side
6...filtration side 7...housing 8.
...Communication portion 10...Outer periphery of hollow fiber bundle 11...Deposited layer 12...Natural solution 13...Near portion 14...Useless portion 20...Hollow fiber bundle 21...Filled resin 22
...Cap body 23...Filtrate 30...Cap body 31...Casing 32...O ring
33...Fixing plate 34...Fixing screw
35...○Ring 36...Lid body 3
7... Gasket 38... Stopper 39
... Box 40 ... Container 41 ... Stock solution inlet 42 ... Drain 43 ... Filtrate outlet 45 ... Stock solution tank 46 ... Stock solution 47
... Pressurized air 48 ... Filter element 49 ...
・Container 50...Filtrate 51...Filtrate tank Patent applicant New Material Research Institute Co., Ltd. Figure 1 Plaster 6: Filtered side 6: Filter j! 11gS 7: Housing 8: Communication part Fig. 2 1: Hollow fiber filtration membrane 2: 1ijil constant resin lO: Medium 2 Outer circumference of yarn bundle 1]: Deposition layer 12: Stock solution 13: Near part 14 = wasted part 3rd Figure 5 Figure 51:11 Jun Tsunoku Figure 6 Number of hollow fibers (pieces)

Claims (1)

Scope of Claims: (1) A filtration device comprising at least a container and a filtration element, wherein the filtration element uses a bundle of 1000 or less hollow fiber filtration membranes, and the filtration element A filtration device characterized by using a plurality of. (2) The distance between the filtration elements is such that the deposited layers formed on the filtration elements due to filtration do not easily come into contact with each other. The filtration device described in . (3) One end of the filtration element is adhesively fixed so as to have an opening of a hollow fiber filtration membrane, and the other end is movable and has no opening of a hollow fiber filtration membrane. The filtration device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is configured as follows. (4) A state in which the ends of the hollow fiber filtration membranes of the filtration element that are configured so as not to have openings are adhered, and the shape of the bundle of the hollow fiber filtration membranes is substantially maintained. Claim 1 characterized in that the structure is configured to be movable.
The filtration device according to any one of Items 3 to 3. (5) The substantial packing density of the portion filled with the hollow fiber filtration membrane in the cross section of the filtration element is 20%.
A filtration device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 above. (6) According to any one of claims 1 to 5, a cap body is liquid-tightly fixed to a portion of the hollow fiber-like filtration membrane of the filtration element that is adhesively fixed so as to have an opening portion. The filtration device described. (7) A casing having a communication portion is fixed to a portion of the filtration element that is adhesively fixed so as to have an opening portion of the hollow fiber filtration membrane, and the casing is configured to filter the hollow fiber filtration membrane by filtration. 7. The filtration device according to claim 1, wherein the filtration device is configured such that it does not easily come into contact with the deposited layer formed on the membrane bundle. (8) The average pore diameter of the micropores of the hollow fiber filtration membrane is 1 μm.
8. The filtration device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is less than or equal to m.