JPH04163535A - Blurring preventive device for camera - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To perform an effective blurring compensation as utilizing the blurring compensation range to the maximum within the limited blurring compensating range by setting a blurring compensation means at a specified position in advance of photographing. CONSTITUTION:This preventer is provided with a subject travel speed detecting means 3 which detects information as to a travel speed of a subject from each output of an image blurring detecting means 1 and a mechanical shaking detecting means 2. Also it is provided with a blurring compensation value operational means 4, operating a blurring compensation value in exposure from the travel speed of the subject and the exposure time and an initial position setting means 6 which presets the initial position of a blurring compensation mechanism 5 of a camera on the basis of this means 4. In addition, it has a blurring compensation control means 7 which controls the blurring compensation mechanism 5 on the basis of each output of the image blurring detecting means 1 and the mechanical shaking detection means 2. In advance of photographing, information conformed to only a movement of the subject is found out, and blurring compensation takes place in consideration of travel information of the subject previously sought when the image travel information by means of the mechanical shaking is compensated. With this constitution, the blurring compensation range is utilizable to the maximum within the limited blurring compensation range, thus effective blurring compensation takes place in this way.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention is a camera that corrects image blur caused by movement, vibration, etc. of the subject or the photographing device in an image information photographing device such as a camera or a video camera. This invention relates to an anti-shake device.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-53957, an angular velocity sensor has been used as a shake correction device in a photographing device to reduce the shake of the hand of the photographer who is supporting the camera. There is a camera that detects information regarding the rotation of the photographing device due to camera shake (shake) and moves the entire lens barrel, a part of the optical system, or the imaging unit based on the information to correct the camera shake. In addition, there is a device that corrects image blur by detecting image blur from the output from an imaging means made of a photoelectric conversion element and controlling the timing of charge transfer of image information accordingly.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] By the way, in preventing blurring using a video signal, it is suitable for detecting low-frequency blurring that rarely causes random movements in a short period of time.

However, in preventing blur using this video signal, it takes time for the photoelectric conversion element to integrate the object light and process the data, and since the image moves during this time, it is difficult to prevent random movements. It was difficult to perform follow-up control.

Further, in a case where it is difficult to use a video signal from a photoelectric conversion element during actual photographing, such as with a silver halide camera, it is not possible to detect blurring that changes during exposure.

Furthermore, in the case of blur prevention using a mechanical vibration sensor such as an angular velocity sensor, it is suitable for detecting relatively high-frequency random vibrations caused by camera shake, which is difficult to prevent using the above video signal. However, in preventing blur using mechanical vibration sensors such as angular velocity sensors and acceleration sensors, it has not been possible to prevent blur caused by movement of the subject.

In addition, the means for correcting blur naturally has a limit in its range, and cannot correct image blur in a range that exceeds the limit. This means that if the photographer starts blur prevention carelessly, he or she may not be able to make the most of the blur prevention, and the camera may not be fully effective.

This invention was made in view of the above-mentioned points, and is a camera that can make maximum use of the limited image stabilization range and perform effective image stabilization. The purpose of the present invention is to provide an anti-shake device.

[Means for Solving the Problems] That is, the camera shake prevention device according to the present invention has the following features:
As shown in the figure, image blur detection means 1 detects image blur based on the output of an image sensor, and detects blur based on the output of a mechanical sensor provided inside the camera.
Mechanical blur detection means 2 calculates the image blur caused by the image blurring; Subject movement speed detection means 3 detects information regarding the moving speed of the subject from the output of the image blur detection means 1 and the mechanical blur detection means 2; a shake correction amount calculating means 4 for calculating a shake correction amount during exposure from a moving speed and an exposure time; and an initial position setting means 6 for presetting an initial position of the shake correction mechanism 5 of the camera based on the shake correction amount. , and further includes a shake correction mechanism 5 based on the outputs of the image shake detection means 1 and the mechanical shake detection means 2.
By having the shake correction control means 7 that performs control, shake correction during exposure can be effectively performed over a wide range.

[Function] In the camera shake prevention device according to the present invention, since the image movement information obtained from the video signal is information regarding the relative movement between the subject and the camera, the image movement component due to the movement of the subject, It consists of components caused by mechanical blur movement. Further, the image movement information due to mechanical shake obtained by the mechanical shake detection means is made up only of components due to mechanical shake and movement of the camera. Therefore, by finding the difference between the image movement information obtained from the video signal and the image movement information obtained from the mechanical blur of the camera, it is possible to obtain the image movement information caused by the movement of the subject. Furthermore, prior to shooting, information corresponding only to the movement of the subject is obtained as described above, and image movement information due to mechanical shake is detected from the mechanical shake of the camera that occurs momentarily during shooting, and the information is corrected. By correcting camera shake by taking into account the movement information of the subject previously determined, mechanical camera shake can be canceled, and even if the video signal cannot be captured during exposure, the subject's movement can be corrected. It becomes possible to cancel image blur caused by movement.

[Example] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram schematically showing the configuration of a camera to which the camera shake prevention device according to the present invention is applied. In the figure, this camera includes a photographing lens 11,
Focus detection optical system 12, area image sensor 13, interface circuit 14, CPU (central processing unit) 15
, ROM (read only memory) 16, lens R
OM 17, lens drive circuit 18, lens drive motor 19, slit 20, light emitting diode 21a1 which constitutes a photo ink converter, double dimensional diode 21b, display device 22, exposure time setting section 23, vibration isolator 24, mechanical shake detection part 25, shake detection correction signal generation part, first release switch SW1, second release switch SW
It is made up of 2nd class.

The focus detection optical system 12 receives a light beam (image information) from a subject (not shown) through the photographic lens 11, and
The focal point is detected in order to form an image of the subject captured by the photographing lens 11.

The area image sensor 13 photoelectrically converts a formed image of a subject into an electrical signal (video signal), and is driven by the interface circuit 14. The interface circuit 14 also includes an area image sensor 13.
The electrical signal (analog signal) is converted into a digital signal and output to the CPU 15.

The CPU 15 controls the operation of the entire camera, for example, calculates the object distance based on the output of the area image sensor 13, and controls the in-focus, out-of-focus, and other states of the display device 22. It is designed to control the display of , and also control the vibration isolator 24 .

Further, the ROMIB stores the amount of deviation of the in-focus point (distance between two images) in a plurality of areas where focus detection is performed.

The lens ROM 17 is provided in the lens barrel and stores information such as conversion coefficients for converting the F number of the lens and the amount of image shift into the amount of defocus and the amount of drive of the focusing optical system, for focus detection and focus adjustment. It stores various necessary data.

The lens drive circuit 18 moves the focus adjustment optical system of the photographic lens 11 by driving a lens drive motor 19 under the control of the CPU 15.

Normally, in an AF (autofocus) operation that detects a subject distance and drives the photographic lens 11 based on the distance information, it is necessary to feed back the driving amount of the photographic lens 11 to the CPU 15. In this case, the photographic lens 11
It is common practice to substitute the rotational speed of the drive motor 19 for the actual amount of movement. Therefore, here, the number of slits 20 is determined by counting with a photo interrupter. That is,
When the lens drive circuit 18 operates and the drive motor J9 is rotated, the slits 20 provided at equal intervals on the rotating member of the lens barrel are rotated. Then, this slit 2
0 passes between the light emitting diode 21a and the photodiode 21b, which are arranged opposite to each other, and the number of rotations thereof is counted by the CPU 15. Thereafter, when the count reaches a predetermined value, the drive motor 19 is controlled to stop rotating. In addition, first release switch SWI and second release switch SW
2 is a switch for AF operation.

FIG. 3 is an optical layout diagram showing the detailed configuration of the focus detection optical system 12 of FIG. 2. FIG. The focus detection optical system 12 includes a quick return mirror 121, a prism 12□, a field lens 12. The aperture diaphragm L2a and optical axes are prisms.
It is constituted by a visual field image transmission optical system 124 consisting of 12b and the like. Furthermore, 12. represents the film surface.

The quick return mirror 12+ is for guiding the light beam from the photographing lens 11 toward the prism 12□ during AF operation and toward the film 125 during photography. In addition, the visual field image transmission optical system 1
24 divides the guided light beam into two by pupil division,
Two images 1a and 2b are formed on the area image sensor 13.

For focus detection, two images 1a,
A generally known phase difference method is used to determine the object distance from the interval Ib. The principle of this phase difference method is shown in FIGS. 4 CB) to 4 (C).

The light flux that has passed through the photographing lens 11 is passed through the field lens 1.
23, it is divided by the visual field image transmission optical system 124, and the images 1a and 1a are respectively displayed on the area image sensor 13.
It becomes S Ib and is imaged. In this case, when in focus (just in focus), the two images 1a and Ib are separated by a certain distance f, regardless of the subject distance, as shown in FIG. 4(a).
The image is formed while holding a. In addition, when the front side of the subject is in focus, so-called front focus, as shown in FIG. 4(b),
The distance fb between the two images 1a and Ib is narrower than the distance fa when the two images are in just focus. On the other hand, when the back of the subject is in focus (so-called rear focus), the image shown in Figure 4 (C)
As shown in , the distance fc between the two images is maintained wider than the above fa. Therefore, by detecting and calculating the interval between the two images IaS and Ib, it is possible to obtain information about the focus shift and the focus state.

Next, the configuration of the exposure time setting section 23 will be explained with reference to FIG.

The exposure time setting section 23 includes a photometry section 231, an exposure correction section 232, an exposure mode setting section 233, an exposure value setting section 234, and an exposure calculation section 23. It consists of

The photometry section 23□ generates a brightness signal of the subject by measuring the intensity of the subject light that has passed through the photographic lens 11.

The exposure compensation section 232 generates an exposure compensation signal indicating how much compensation to perform on the photometric value based on the sensitivity information of the film loaded in the camera and the sensitivity of exposure compensation specified by the photographer. be. In addition, the exposure mode setting section 23
3. Various well-known exposure modes, depending on the settings of the photographer.
For example, exposure mode information indicating which exposure mode is selected from among aperture priority exposure mode, shutter speed priority exposure mode, manual exposure mode, program exposure mode, etc. is generated.

The exposure value setting section 234 generates, for example, which aperture value is set in the aperture priority exposure mode, and which shutter speed is selected in the shutter speed priority exposure mode. In addition, in manual exposure mode, it generates a signal indicating both the set aperture value and shutter speed, and in program exposure mode, it generates exposure value setting information corresponding to a signal indicating the amount of smoothing of the program diagram. be.

Further, the exposure calculation section 235 receives the subject brightness signal from the photometry section 231 described above, the exposure correction signal from the exposure correction section 232, the exposure mode information from the exposure mode setting section 233, and the exposure value from the exposure value setting section 234. From the value setting information, exposure time information and aperture value information to be controlled for actual photography are calculated and output.

FIG. 6 shows an example of the rotation direction of the camera. For example, the longitudinal direction of the film surface is the y-axis, the short side direction of the film is the y-axis, and the optical axis direction is the two axes.

Further, FIGS. 7(a) and 7(b) show a pair of area image sensors 13, for example, area image sensors 13a and 1.
3b shows the range for tracking the moving object. In this case, the moving object tracking range 13. ．． 13□ indicates that it is located approximately at the center of the screen.

Furthermore, FIGS. 8(a) and 8(b) show the pixel array within the moving object tracking range, and FIG. 8(a) shows the pixel arrangement within the moving object tracking range of the area image sensor 13a. (
b) is a pixel array of the moving object tracking range of the area image sensor 13b.

Note that these moving object tracking will be described later.

Next, the vibration isolating device 24 according to this embodiment will be explained.

9 and 10 are a cross-sectional view and a schematic perspective view of a single-lens reflex camera to which this vibration isolator 24 is applied. 9 and 10, the above-mentioned eye reflex camera consists of a camera body 26 and a photographic lens 27. This photographing lens 27 includes a photographing optical system 28, a first correcting optical element 30 configured to be rotatable about an axis 29 and for correcting vibrations in the yz plane, and this first correcting optical element 30. A disk-type ultrasonic motor 31 for driving the first correction optical element 30, an encoder 32 for detecting the rotational state of the first correction optical element 30, and an encoder 32 for correcting vibrations in the xz plane, which is configured to be rotatable about an axis 33. a second correction optical element 34 for driving the second correction optical element 34, a disk ultrasonic motor 35 for driving the second correction optical element 34, and an encoder 36 for detecting the rotational state of the second correction optical element 35. It has The photographic lens 27 also includes an electric circuit section 37 for driving the disk-type ultrasonic motors 31 and 35, and a photographic lens side contact 38 for exchanging signals between the camera body 26 and the photographic lens 27. It is also equipped with

The encoder 32 includes a drum 32□ that rotates in accordance with the rotation of the first correction optical element 3o, and a magnetic sensor (such as a magnetic head, etc.) for detecting the rotational state of the drum 32□.
32□ (hereinafter abbreviated as MR sensor) and an optical sensor (not shown) for detecting the end of rotation of the tram 32□.
It is composed of a photoreflector (hereinafter abbreviated as PR sensor).

Similarly, the encoder 36 rotates the drum 34 . And this drum 34
．． The drum 341 includes an MR sensor 342 for detecting the rotational state of the drum 341, and a PR sensor (not shown) for detecting the end of rotation of the drum 341.

On the other hand, the camera body 26 has a quick return mirror 39.
, a focus detection optical system and a finder optical system 4°, an eyepiece lens 41, an electric circuit section 42 for performing signal processing and calculating the amount of camera shake, and signals between the camera body 26 and the photographing lens 27. It is composed of a camera body side contact point 43 for exchanging information. Further, the camera body 26 is equipped with an angular velocity detection section 44 consisting of an X-axis angular velocity detection section 44□ and an X-axis angular velocity detection section 44□ in order to detect the amount of mechanical shake of the camera.

The y-axis angular velocity detection section 441 detects the angular velocity of rotational shake of the camera around the y-axis.

The blur caused by this rotation around the y-axis causes image blur in the x-axis direction on the film. Further, the X-axis angular velocity detection section 44□ similarly generates the angular velocity of the rotational shake of the camera around the X-axis.

This blurring due to rotation around the X-axis causes image blurring in the y-axis direction on the film. The camera shake information detected by these y-axis and X-axis angular velocity detection units 441 and 442 is transmitted to
Transferred to 15.

Furthermore, regarding the electric circuit system of this vibration isolator 24, the eleventh
This will be explained with reference to the figures. In FIG. 11, the same parts as in FIGS. 9 and 10 are designated by the same reference numerals, and their explanation will be omitted.

In FIG. 11, the CPU 15 includes a lens ROM 17 that stores information regarding the photographing lens 27, drive control units 45 and 4B for driving the disk-type ultrasonic motors 31 and 35, respectively, and encoders 32 and 36.
A storage section 47 that stores various programs is coupled thereto. The CPU 15 also stores camera shake information detected by the y-axis and X-axis angular velocity detection sections 25 and 25 Information is being provided.

Based on the image movement signal thus supplied and various constants and programs stored in the lens ROM 17 and the storage unit 47, the CPU 15 adjusts the first and second correction optical elements 30 and 30 necessary to cancel the image movement. Calculate the angular velocity of 34,
This calculated angular velocity is sent to drive control units 45 and 46. These drive control units 45 and 46 drive the disk type ultrasonic motors 31 and 35 based on the acquired angular velocity to correct image blur.

Next, the mechanical shake detection section 25 will be explained with reference to FIG. 12. The mechanical shake detection section 25 includes an X-axis angular velocity detection section 251 that detects angular velocity around the y-axis, an X-axis angular velocity detection section 252 that detects angular velocity around the
Focal length information output unit 25 that detects and outputs information regarding the focal length of No.7. , a subject distance detection unit 254 that detects and outputs information on the distance of the subject, and a mechanical shake image movement calculation unit 25 that processes this information and calculates the speed of image movement due to mechanical shake. It consists of. Then, this mechanical blur image movement calculation section 25. The mechanical shake image movement speed information in the y-axis direction and the X-axis direction is supplied to the CPU 15 from the above.

FIGS. 13(a) to 13(C) are diagrams showing the configurations of the encoders 32 and 36 described above, and FIG. 13(a) is a top view;
The figure (b) is a perspective view, and the figure (c) is a side view. still,
The encoder 32 will be described here, but since the encoder 36 has a similar configuration, its explanation will be omitted here.

A predetermined magnetic pattern (not shown) is magnetized on the first outer peripheral portion 32,' of the drum 321, which rotates in accordance with the rotation of the first correction optical element 30. This magnetic pattern is read by the MR sensor 322, and the amount and direction of rotation of the disk-type ultrasonic motor 31 are detected. Furthermore, the rotation speed is also detected from this value.

In addition, patterns with different infrared light reflectances are attached to the second outer peripheral part 32,' located below the first outer peripheral part 321' of the drum 321, and are read by PR sensors 323 and 324. It is now possible to These are used as a limit switch to detect the rotational limit of the first corrective optical element 30 and prevent it from hitting a mechanical end.

FIGS. 14(a) and 14(b) are diagrams for explaining the operations of the PR sensors 32 and 324.

Now drum 32. If rotates to the left in the figure, then
The pattern of the second outer periphery 321' of the drum changes from a bright area (the white area in the figure) to a dark area (the solid area in the figure). Then, the PR sensor 32. outputs a signal indicating the left rotation limit.

Similarly, when the drum 32□ rotates clockwise, the pattern on the second outer peripheral portion 321' of the drum changes from a dark area to a bright area, and the PR sensor 324 outputs a signal indicating the limit of clockwise rotation.

The rotation signals and direction signals output by the PR sensors 323 and 324 are converted into rotation amount signals of the disk-type ultrasonic motors 31 and 35 per unit time. The converted signals are then used by the drive control units 45 and 46 to control the speed of the disk-type ultrasonic motors 31 and 35 as a speed control feedback signal for the disk-type ultrasonic motors 31 and 35, or Used for position control as a displacement signal from the reference position. Also, CPU1S
The sequence control section (not shown) in the M
Disk type ultrasonic motor 31 outputted by R sensor 32□
The rotation signal and direction signal of 35 are monitored and used for correcting the angular velocity signal for driving. When the control unit in the CPU 15 monitors the rotation signal, the drum 32 is
It is desirable to set the interval between the magnetic patterns on the first outer circumferential portion 32,' of the monitor 1 or to use a latch portion to prevent the rotation signal from being read even if the operation of the monitor is delayed.

Next, we will discuss image blur caused by mechanical camera shake.

FIG. 15 is a schematic side sectional view of the camera viewed from the positive side of the X-axis in FIG. In the figure, consider the case where a rotation of θ8 occurs. First, let us consider the rotation of θ1 around the center of the film. The amount of image blurring (Δyc) that occurs in this case is determined by setting the photographing magnification to β and the focal length to f(w
), Δr, =-f (1+β)2・tan(θ
, ) −=(1). Now, in the case of infinite light, that is, the imaging magnification is zero, Δ7cm-f-tan(θ8)...
(2). In general photographing, the photographing magnification is small. For example, if the magnification is assumed to be zero and considered approximately, equation (2) generally holds true. In addition, when the amount of image movement is small relative to the focal length f, θ is small and becomes tan(θ・)2θ・, and equation (2) becomes Δ7cm+ir・θ, ... (
3) can be approximated.

Also, if necessary, 8y. −((1+β)2 ・θa...
(4) may be approximated.

Considering the time differentiation of the right and left sides of approximate equation (4), Δ7cm−f・θ8 ...(5)
The relationship holds true. Here, δ8 is the angular velocity, ΔQ,
is the image movement speed (Vcy) when an angular velocity of δ8 occurs
It is.

The photographing magnification β is determined by the focal length f and the distance to the subject. The imaging magnification β can be determined by a known method. In addition, calculations can be easily performed by using approximate expressions, etc. in accordance with the requirements for accuracy. In this case, if there is no need for information regarding the photographing magnification, there is no need for information on the subject distance, so there is no need to detect the subject distance.

FIG. 16 is a schematic side sectional view of the camera viewed from the positive side of the y-axis in FIG. In the same figure, if we consider the rotation of θ, as in the above case, the amount of image blur is Δxe −−f' (tll)2・tan(θ, )
-(6), and approximately, the image movement speed is Δx c = -f'θ, -Vc,
- The relationship (7) holds true.

As mentioned above, when detecting image movement due to mechanical camera shake, in addition to information about the mechanical shake of the camera, information such as focal length, focal length and magnification, or focal length and subject distance is required. information is required. This information can be obtained from data processing such as data reference and calculation by detecting the position of the focusing optical system of the photographic lens 27, and the position of the variable magnification optical system if the lens has a variable magnification optical system. I can do it. Therefore, when detecting image blur caused by mechanical blur of the camera, it is necessary to
detecting position information of at least a part of the optical system moment by moment;
All you have to do is detect the blur while determining the focal length and imaging magnification.

Next, consideration will be given to image movement when at least part of the optical system of the photographing lens is moved during shake detection.

In FIG. 17, consider the image of the subject projected onto the film surface, with the subject placed at a point a distance H apart from the optical axis. The position of the photographing lens 27 is set to lens positions L1 and F2.
Considering two locations, the image magnification at lens position 1 is β1, and the distance of the image from the optical axis at that time is dl.

Similarly, the image magnification at lens position 2 is β2, and the distance of the image from the optical axis at that time is β2. Then, the following relational expression holds true.

dl-β1・H...(8) β2-β2・H...(9) Therefore, d, -(β1/β2)・β2...(10) Now, shoot from lens position to lens position L2 lens 2
The amount of movement of the image when 7 moves and changes the configuration is d 2 d + −d 2 (β1/β2)
β2-(1-βl/β2) β2-((β2-β1)/β2)・β2...(
11). That is, even if the subject and the film surface maintain the same positional relationship, the position of the image changes when the image magnification changes due to a change in the position of the lens. When detecting the movement of the image of the subject, this value must be subtracted in consideration of the movement of the image.

When considering the moving speed of the image, the time when image information at lens position 1 is sampled is tll, the image information at lens position L2 is sampled at time t12, and the image information at lens position 2 is sampled within the screen. The position at is (d,,d,) with the center of the film as the origin, and the moving speed of the image due to the change in lens position is (VL,.

VL, ), then can be asked.

Next, consider the movement of the subject on the image.

FIG. 18 is a diagram showing image movement due to mechanical shake, image movement due to subject movement, and image shift on the film surface (imaging surface). In the figure, Fl represents the original position of the subject, and F2 represents the position of the subject after movement.

In addition, Pl represents the original camera position, F2 represents the camera position due to camera shake, El and F2 represent the original image position and the image position due to mechanical shake, respectively, and EF represents the image position due to mechanical shake and subject movement (image B represents the amount of movement of the image due to movement of the subject, and Fjl represents the film surface. It can be seen from FIG. 17 that the image shift that occurs on the imaging surface is due to the movement of the image due to mechanical shake and the movement of the image of the subject due to movement of the subject.

The image movement information obtained from the video signal is information about the relative movement of the subject and the camera, but it is also information about the movement of the subject (F
It is made up of a component of image movement due to + to F2) and a component due to mechanical shake or movement of the camera (from Pt to F2). Further, the image movement information due to mechanical shake obtained by the mechanical shake detection unit 25 includes only components due to mechanical shake and movement of the camera.

Therefore, considering the dimension of speed, the image movement speed (V,,V,) obtained from the video signal and the image movement speed (■, y, v=y) obtained from the mechanical shake of the camera are By calculating the difference, the moving speed of the image caused by the movement of the subject (V
o,, V ay). Here, V, ,Vcf,V. Say, each is an image movement component in the X-axis direction. Similarly, ■7, ■0, and y ay are image movement components in the y-axis direction, respectively. Specifically, it can be obtained as follows.

Here, if the moving speed of the image (VL, , VL,) due to the change in the lens position described above is further taken into account, it becomes, and in the example shown above, it can be expressed as follows.

Next, a description will be given of image stabilization control for preventing blur during photographic exposure.

Before shooting, as mentioned above, information corresponding only to the movement of the subject is obtained, and information on the movement of the image due to mechanical shake is detected from the mechanical shake of the camera that occurs every moment during shooting, and when it is corrected. By correcting the blur in consideration of the previously obtained object movement information, it is possible to cancel mechanical blur and also cancel image blur caused by the movement of the object. FIG. 18 is a conceptual diagram summarizing such basic ideas.

Object movement (block 24A) does not occur at such high frequencies within the shell. Especially when taking panning shots, etc.
The movement of the image of the subject occurs at approximately constant speed (block 24
B). Therefore, in the image stabilization control during exposure, constant-velocity blur prevention control is basically performed so as to cancel the moving speed of the subject image determined immediately before the start of exposure. Further, mechanical shake of the camera due to vibrations of the photographer's body is detected, the movement of the image due to the shake is calculated, and shake prevention control is performed to cancel the shake. That is,
The moving speed of the subject image (V,
,,V, , ) (block 24A) and the image movement speed (Vex,
Vc, ) (block 24C) is added to the blur during exposure (block 24D). Therefore, image stabilization control is performed in real time to cancel this added blur during exposure.

Next, the optimal initial position of the vibration isolation mechanism that can effectively perform vibration isolation during exposure will be described.

Since the optimal initial position of the vibration isolation mechanism occurs randomly due to mechanical shake, it is desirable to place it at the center of the drive range where shake correction is possible. However, since the movement of the image (B) due to the movement of the subject is unidirectional, by adjusting the initial position to the edge of the blur correction possible range, blur correction can be performed over a wider range.

Now, taking into account these two types of blur, the optimal position of the anti-shake mechanism before shooting is determined from the amount of movement of the subject's image measured just before shooting, and the anti-shake mechanism is moved to that position. .

If we calculate the amount of correction for the image of the subject during exposure, we now get:
The control exposure time for actual photographing set by the exposure time setting section 23 is assumed to be So. In the case of a camera with a focal-brain shutter, the actual time required for shooting is 2
This takes into account the running time S1 of the shirt curtain.

The exposure time including the running time S1 is assumed to be S.

S = S o + 81- (1B) The time during which the vibration isolating device 24 as an image blur correction means is required to operate is during this time S. The actual time S1 is about 5 secondsC, which is quite short compared to the exposure time that requires blur correction. Therefore, the above equation (16) can be changed to 5
-So may be approximated. 5-S for lens shutter etc.
o.

Also, the moving speed of the image of the subject (V, -= V, y)
The basic driving speed of the vibration isolator 24 is determined in accordance with the above. Therefore, the amount of displacement (v61+V0.) of the image due to the movement of the subject to be corrected by the image stabilization device 24 during the time S is as follows. The initial position for effective image stabilization is (-V, , /2) with the center of the film as the origin.
．． -X, , /2) positions are possible.

As for the amount of image movement due to mechanical shake, the radius is estimated for the range that is expected to occur during exposure. Let this value be (rm). The maximum amount of shake that must be prevented during exposure is (2・rm+.8+
. , ) can be considered. And this is x,
Considering each Y axis, (2・rm+Xaj, (2・
rm + In this case, it is also possible to perform appropriate anti-shake driving by changing the exposure time and the position of the variable magnification optical system during photographing.

In addition, if the tentative direction at the start of exposure due to mechanical shake cannot be determined from the mechanical shake measurement results, the predicted value of the mechanical shake within a short time is defined as X□, The optimum position of the vibration isolation mechanism before photographing is determined from the amount of movement of the image of the subject, and the vibration isolation mechanism is moved to that position. In this case, (-V,,/2-X□,
-Xo, /2-Xyo, ) positions are considered.

Next, regarding the operation of the entire camera, the CPU 1 in FIG.
This will be explained with reference to the overall sequence flowchart of No. 5.

First, after the power is turned on and the program starts,
In step S1, an initialization program is executed to perform various initial setting operations.

This includes, for example, the timer settings for the CPU 15,
hardware or software reset operations of the CPU 15, such as interrupt condition settings, I10 port settings, stack pointer settings, etc., and various camera operation statuses from a non-volatile storage section located outside the CPU 15. It also performs operations such as reading out data such as the number of frames to be photographed on a film, and operations such as initial setting, initial operation, and state detection of each electric circuit and mechanical mechanism controlled by the CPU 15.

Next, in step S2, each input switch of the camera is read by executing a key manual routine, and the setting mode and data of the camera are set according to each operation according to the operating state of these switches. If the key input is executed, the process advances to step S3 and a display routine is executed. Here, the operating status of the camera, data, etc. are displayed using a display device.

Next, in step S4, a photometry subroutine is executed. This photometry subroutine is shown in FIG. This photometry subroutine is the operation of the exposure time setting section 23 described above. Exposure calculation unit 23 in the exposure time setting unit 23. is the photometry section 23□
Measure the subject brightness signal generated in step A
I). Then, the sensitivity information of the film loaded in the camera generated by the exposure compensation section 23□ is read out (step A2), and the exposure compensation signal generated in accordance with this sensitivity information is read out (step A3). Further, the exposure calculation section 23. is the exposure mode setting section 23. Predetermined exposure mode information is read out from the exposure value setting section 234 (step A4), and the set exposure value is read out from the exposure value setting section 234 (step A5). Then, the exposure calculation section 23. Step A6) calculates the exposure value necessary for actual photography from the read subject brightness signal, exposure compensation signal, exposure mode information, and exposure value setting information, and controls the exposure time accordingly. output the aperture value (step A7), and further output the aperture value (step A8).
).

In this way, when photometry is completed, in step S5,
Read and judge the first release switch SW1. Here, if the first release switch SWI is in the off state, that is, it is not operated, step S2
Return to On the other hand, if the first release SWI is on, that is, is being operated, the process advances to step S6 and a distance measurement subroutine is executed. In this distance measurement routine, information regarding the focus shift of the subject in the optical axis direction is obtained. Here, if the above focus shift is small enough to be judged as being in focus,
A focus determination flag is set. On the other hand, if it is determined that the focus shift is unacceptable, the focus determination flag is cleared. The focus determination flag is also cleared when it is determined that it is impossible to focus on the subject due to insufficient brightness or contrast of the subject.

Next, in step S7, focus determination and operation are separated using a focus determination flag. Here, if it is not in focus (focus determination flag -0), step S8
If the camera is in focus (focus determination flag -1), the process branches to step S9.

If it is determined in step S7 that the focus is not in focus and the process branches to step S8, then in step S8
The F-driven subroutine is executed. In this subroutine, the focusing optical system of the photographing lens 27 is driven to focus on the subject based on the information on the out-of-focus obtained in the distance measurement routine of step S6. After this, the process returns to step S2.

If it is determined in step S7 that the focus is in focus, the process proceeds to step S9, where the image blur detection subroutine (V
OCAL-1) is executed. This image blur detection subroutine is shown in FIG. 22, and is described below in FIGS.
), this image blur detection will be explained.

Now, Fig. 7 (a) and (b), Fig. 8 (a) and (b)
) is the pixel output of the area image sensor 13a having a pixel array in the moving object tracking range as shown in FIG. (m represents a row and n represents a column), and the pixel output of the area image sensor 13b is assumed to be b□. Then, let the sum of the pixel outputs of the first row at time t of the area image sensor 13a be (where X represents addition in the X direction), and the sum of the pixel outputs of the first row at time t of the area image sensor 13a is Let the sum of pixel outputs be (where y represents addition in the X direction). Similarly, the sum of the pixel outputs of the fifth column at time t of the area image sensor 13b is assumed to be.

First, the image moving speeds V, , V, in the x- and y-axis directions on the moving object film surface, and the moving speed v8 of the moving object in the optical axis direction are determined. First, the photographer decides on a composition so that the subject is placed in the center of the viewfinder of the camera (step Bl). Next, at time t1, after integrating the area image sensor 13 (step B2), the pixel signals are sequentially read out and A/D converted, and the CPU 15 performs the above (18) and (19).
), performs pixel addition expressed by equation (20) (step B
3, B4). Next, at time t2, step B2
Similarly, integration of the area image sensor 13 is performed (step B5), and pixel addition expressed by the above equations (18), (19), and (20) is performed (steps B6 and B7).

Then, using such data, V,,V,.

The velocity of Vl will be found. The two images on the area image sensors 13a and iab are out of phase in the X-axis direction as distance information in the optical axis direction (positive direction of the z-axis in FIG. 6) to the subject, but the phase is shifted in the y-axis direction. The phase as the distance information does not change. Also, the X axis of the subject,
As a movement in the y-axis direction, the area image sensor 13a
, 13b will change by the same amount in both the X-axis direction and the y-axis direction. Therefore, the moving speed of the image in the y-axis direction can be easily determined as a temporal change between time t1 and t2 of image A or B, or the increase in the The amount of movement in the direction is combined. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate it by considering the amount of movement of the A image and the B image.

tl.

Now, among 5A81 (1-1 to m), as a reference image,
As shown in FIG. 23(a), 5Axl (i-to-
N) shall be used. Here, it is assumed that the correlation calculation output of SA of time t1 and tl is. F.A.
D. When S, which minimizes (S), is Sl, this S represents the temporal shift amount S1 of the image at time t2, which most closely matches the reference image (Fig. 24(a) and (b)
reference). Therefore, the imaging magnification of the focus detection optical system 12 (
If the imaging magnification) is β, then y of the image on the film surface is
The moving speed V in the axial direction is Vy = S+ /β(tl t + ) −(
22) (step B8).

Next, the moving speed (1) of the image in the X-axis direction is determined.

In the same manner as above, as shown in FIG. 23(b),
S A r + (1-1 to n) at times t1 and tl
Let the correlation calculation output of be . Here, as a reference image at time t1, tl
.

uses S A y + (1-k' to N'). Then, if S, which minimizes FA,'(S), is 82, then S2 is X of the A image at time t2 with respect to time t1
It represents the amount of movement of the image in the axial direction (see Figure 25).

Similarly, SB at times t1 and tl.

Let the correlation calculation output of (l-1 to n) be. If S, which minimizes FB, (S), is 83, then
This S is the X of the B image at time t2 with respect to time t1.
It represents the amount of movement in the axial direction (see Figure 25).

In this way, as can be seen from FIGS. 23(a) and (b), when the imaging magnification of the focus detection optical system 12 is β, the moving speed V8 in the X-axis direction is v, -(S2 +33) / 2β(tl tr ) (25) (Step B9).

Next, at time 1, the subject moves in the direction of the optical axis (two axes in FIG. 6). The two-image interval Ω at tl, and g2 are determined. Calculating the distance to the subject requires calculations with high information, so the pixel addition outputs SA and 1°SB□ shown in Fig. 8 (a) and (b) are not used, and the number of pixel additions is higher. It is necessary to calculate by reducing . Here, it is assumed that one row of pixels is used. Now, A at time t1
In determining the two-image interval g1 between the image and the B image, the α-th row (k x α x Ω) is used. Here, aal(i-ni' ~
g') as a reference image, and a 0° correlation calculation is performed between the A image and the sensor output of the α-th row of the B image. Assuming that the value of g that minimizes I(+(j7)) is Ill -1, 11 represents the distance between the two images of the subject in images A and B at time t1 shown in FIG. Step B10).Since g is an integer, in order to obtain it accurately, it is necessary to perform an interpolation operation to obtain a decimal number, but this is not the main point of this invention.
We will omit this.

Next, the distance 12 between two images of the subject at time t2 is determined. At time t2, the object (moving object) is moving on the area image sensor 13, so the sensor in the same row as in equation (26) above and the same correlation interval (i-)
Correlation cannot be performed with N'). Now, when image A is used as the reference image, the above calculation shows that the subject has moved by Sl and S2 in the y-axis direction and the X-axis direction, respectively, so the correlation calculation between images A and B at time t2 is 2-image interval 1
In the calculation of step 2, use the (Z+S, row output a Fa+sl lI+ b f+++s+ 11 of the A image and B image, and use i − (k
'+S2) to (ρ'+S2) are used.

That is, a correlation calculation B2 (N) at time t2 between the A image and the B image is performed. When the value of ρ that minimizes B2(ρ) is 12, g2 represents the interval between two images of the subject in image A and image B at time t2 (step B11).

In addition, the moving speed V of the subject (object) in the optical axis direction is (However, α is a coefficient) (Step B 12).

If V,,V,,V, exceeds a certain predetermined value, the control limits of the anti-shake drive and moving object prediction drive described above are exceeded, so the upper limit of controllable speeds C,,C2, and C3 are set for each of them. Steps B13, B14, and B15 determine whether or not V>C, or v,>C2, v, and>C3.
), if these relationships are established, a second release prohibition flag is set (step B20). When this second release prohibition flag is set, exposure of the second release switch SW2 is further prohibited. On the other hand, if none of the relationships in steps B13, B14, and B15 are established, the process proceeds to step BIB. The above Vx.

Is V, , V
, the change per unit time of the difference ΔV8. ΔV7. ΔV,
It is determined whether the absolute values of are larger than C4°Cs and C6, respectively (steps BIB, B17, and B18). Here, the above ΔV1°Δv7. When the absolute values of ΔV, respectively, are larger than C4, C6°C6, it is determined that image blur correction is impossible, and a second release prohibition flag is set (step B20). On the other hand, step B
Relational expression of IB, B17, B18 1ΔV, I>C4°1Δ
If Vy l > C9, lΔv, l > C6 hold, then
Canceling the second release prohibition flag (step B1
9).

After this, the above-mentioned steps are repeated, but since the object is moving, if the tracking range is fixed, the object may not be within the tracking range in the next integration. Therefore, the next optimal tracking range is predicted from the above calculation result (step B21). The next integration time is t.

Then, the tracking range of image A is in the y-axis direction in units of pixels. in the X-axis direction Change to a different position.

Further, the tracking range of the B image is the same as the number of pixels in the y-axis direction as in equation (29) above, but is changed to a position shifted in the x-axis direction.

The image blur detection subroutine described above uses the output of the area image sensor for phase difference AF to determine the moving speed V in the X-axis direction and the y-axis direction.

■, but using a normal non-eccentric imager,
It is also possible to easily find V,,V,.

That is, in the image blur detection in step S9, the image blur speed (V,,V,) based on the image information is detected.

Next, in step SIO, a subroutine for detecting mechanism shake is executed. This subroutine for detecting mechanical shake is shown in FIG. 26, and will be explained below.

In the mechanical shake detection section 25, the mechanical shake image movement calculation section 2
5. is from the focal length information output unit 253 to the photographing lens 27
Step C1) to read out information regarding the focal length (focal length f) of the lens 27, step C2) to read out the position P of the photographing lens 27, and read out the out-of-focus d (step C3).
. Then, the object distance detection unit 254 detects and calculates object distance information (subject distance R) based on the lens position P and focus deviation d (step C4), and calculates the object distance information based on the object distance R and focal length f. The photographing magnification β is calculated (step C5).

Next, the angular velocity θ around the X-axis is detected by the X-axis angular velocity detection unit 25□.
If 1 is detected (step C6), the mechanical shake image movement calculation unit 25. is the image movement in the y-axis direction (
VC, -f-(1+β)2·tanθ yo) is calculated (step C7), and the mechanical image movement speed in the y-axis direction is output to the CPU 15 (step C8). Similarly, when the y-axis angular velocity detection unit 251 detects the angular velocity θ around the y-axis (step C9), the mechanical blur image movement calculation unit 25° moves the image in the X-axis direction (Ve, - f
−(1+β)2・tanθ, ) (step Cl0), the mechanical blur image movement speed in the X-axis direction is determined by the CPU 15.
(step C11). In this way, the mechanical blur image movement calculation unit 25. The mechanical shake image movement speed information in the y-axis direction and the X-axis direction is supplied to the CPU 15 from the above.

Note that the photographing magnification β can be determined by a known method, and the calculation can be made easier by using an approximation formula or the like according to the requirements for accuracy.

In that case, if the information regarding the photographing magnification is not needed, the information about the object distance is not necessary, so the object distance detection section 254 can be omitted.

In this way, the image blur speed (
After determining V, , V, , 5, a subroutine for generating a shake detection correction signal is executed in step Sll. This subroutine is shown in FIG.

In generating this blur detection correction signal, first, the image magnification (β1) at the time of the first image detection for detecting the image movement speed is detected (step D1), and then the time (t2+) at that time is detected (step D1).
) is detected (step D2).

Next, step D3) to detect the image magnification (β2) at the time of the second image detection for detecting the image movement speed, the time (t2□) at that time, and the image position at that time (d, d ,
) is detected (steps D4, D5).

Next, from the values obtained in steps D1 to D5,
It is determined whether the movement of the image due to the change in image magnification can be calculated (step D6). Here, the case where calculation cannot be performed is the case where the reliability of each of the above values is determined to be low for some reason.

For example, if the position detection of the focusing optical system that was intended to be used when calculating the magnification is considered to be inappropriate due to the wobbling of the optical system, etc., the time (β21, β22
) is determined to be too wide, or the movement of the variable magnification optical system or focusing optical system is complicated and detection of the image magnification is inappropriate or impossible. If it is determined in step D6 that the calculation cannot be performed for these reasons,
Set the image blur suppression flag to "1" (step D
11). Thereafter, a warning is issued to the photographer to the effect that image blur detection is inappropriate through a warning means such as sound or display (step D12).

On the other hand, if it is determined in step D6 that the moving speed of the image due to the change in image magnification can be calculated, the image blur suppression flag is cleared and the speed of change in image magnification (■β) is first calculated from the above value. (Step D7).

■β−((β2−β1)/β2+/(j22 t2□
)...(32) Also, the moving speed of the image (VL,, VL,) due to the change in image magnification due to the movement of the optical system is expressed as (
12) It is determined by referring to the formula (steps D8 and D9).

Image magnification (β1) and time (t2+) during the first image detection for image movement speed detection, magnification (β2) during the second image detection, image position (β8゜d,), and time (t 2
2) may be detected at the time of each image detection, stored in a RAM (random access memory), etc., and read out and used in the subroutine for generating the shake detection correction signal.

When such generation of the blur detection correction signal is completed, a subroutine for detecting movement of the subject image is executed in step S12. This subroutine determines the speed of image movement (V ay ) due to movement of the subject, and is schematically shown in FIG. 28 .

The basic algorithm is as described above, but here, first, the image blur suppression flag is determined (step E1).
, if the image blur suppression flag is cleared in step E1, the image movement speed (V, , V
,,) (14) Formula l: Therefore, calculate (
Steps E2, E3).

On the other hand, if the image blur suppression flag is set in step E1, the speed data (V, -=Vy) of image movement due to movement of the subject is set to zero (steps E4, E5).

Figures 29(a) to (d) and Figures 30(a) to (e)
shows a time chart when determining the speed of image movement due to the above-mentioned image movement.

For example, FIGS. 29(a) to 29(d) are time charts for the above algorithm explained using FIG. 28, and the time (t20,
At t2□), the video signals are read out. and,
At time t2□, the image movement speed (Vx, V,)
is calculated. Next, at time t23, the mechanical shake of the camera is measured, and the moving speed of the image due to the mechanical shake (
V c,, V cy) can be found. Next, time t
In step 24, after detecting (VL, , VL,), the speed of image movement (V , , V , , ) due to the movement of the subject is calculated. Here, Δt2□ and Δt2□ are time t2□
, t22 represents the integration time (sampling time length) of the video signal read out.

Now, when considering the position of the object determined at time t2+, it is considered to be the average position within time Δt21. Similarly, the information on the position of the object determined at time t2□ is the average position within the time Δt2□. Therefore, the moving speed of the object image determined at time t22 is considered to be the average value between time t20 and t2□. Image movement speed due to mechanical shake of the camera (V, ,
By taking this point into consideration when determining VC,), it becomes possible to increase the accuracy of the speed of image movement (■.t+Vey) due to the movement of the image of the subject.

FIGS. 30(a) to 30(e) show an example of this, in which the image movement speed (V, .

V, ) or the amount of mechanical shake is measured multiple times, and then the average value is determined at time t23. Based on this average value, the image movement speed (V,
(VL8.VL
, ) is detected, the speed of image movement due to the movement of the subject (Vo
l, Vo, ). In this case, it is not necessary to measure the mechanical shake on each of the X-axis and the y-axis at the same time; for example, the measurement may be performed at alternate timings to reduce the time required for one measurement.

In this way, in step S12, the image movement speed of the subject (
V. , , V, ,) is obtained, step S13
Then, the state of the first release switch SWI is read and determined again. Here, if the first release switch SW1 is in the off state, that is, if scanning is not being performed, the process returns to step S2. If the first release switch SWI is on, that is, if the operation continues, check whether the second release is prohibited in the shake detection subroutine or the like in the next step S]4, and whether the second release prohibition flag is set. Determine whether or not.

If it is prohibited here, the process returns to step S9.

On the other hand, if the second release is permitted, the process advances to step 515 and the second release switch SW2 is
Read and judge the status of. If the second release switch SW2 is in the off state, that is, it is not operated, the process returns to step S9. On the other hand, if the second release switch SW2 is operated, the process shifts to a second release operation.

In step 51B, a moving object predictive driving subroutine is executed, and the focusing optical system is driven to correct the movement of the object in the optical axis direction during the exposure operation, as necessary, and the out-of-focus correction is corrected. Note that the moving object predictive drive here refers to the speed V of the subject (object) in the optical axis direction, and predicts the movement of the subject during the release time lag, and adjusts the shooting lens so that it is in focus when exposing the film surface. 27 focusing optical systems. As for this moving object predictive driving, a known method will be used, and since it is not the gist of the present invention, a detailed explanation thereof will be omitted here.

That is, in this step 51B, the focus adjustment optical system is driven to correct the out-of-focus so as to correct the movement of the subject in the optical axis direction during the exposure operation, if necessary.

Next, in step S17, a subroutine for resetting the anti-vibration mechanism is executed.

This subroutine is shown in FIG. 31, and here, in order to prevent shake during exposure, the vibration isolating device 24 is set at the optimal initial position of the vibration isolating mechanism. The moving speed (V, , Vo,) of the object image is read out (step F1), and the exposure time (S) is read out (step F2).
). Here, the moving speed of the image of the subject (V,,,V,,)
and the exposure time S, the amount of movement of the subject image during the exposure time (
X...

Y6. ) is determined (step F3). That is, it is expressed as. Then, during the exposure time determined here, the image displacement amount (X, , X
, , ), the initial position to effectively correct the image stabilization is set at the center of the film as the origin (-
X6. The image stabilization device 24, which serves as a shake correction means, is driven to a position of /2°-X, , /2) prior to photographing.

When the anti-vibration mechanism reset subroutine is completed, anti-vibration is started in step 318, and then step S1
Exposure starts at 9. Next, in step S20, a subroutine for vibration isolation control is executed.

FIG. 31 is a flowchart showing an outline of the image stabilization control. First, in step G1, mechanical shake is detected based on the above-mentioned principle, and the image movement speed (Ve,
, Ve,) is detected. Next, in step G2, the moving speed of the subject image (Vo-
, Voy). After that, an addition operation (V o, + V , , ) is performed for the shake in the X-axis direction (step G3), and then for the shake in the y-axis direction (V 0.+
V, 1) is added (step G4), and this (V0 total Vc and (■., +v cy) represents image blur that should be prevented in real time during exposure.

In this way, based on the shake information obtained by addition, the vibration isolating device 24 as a shake correction means is driven so as to cancel the shake information (step G5). The above series of operations is repeated during exposure.

Once the anti-vibration control has been achieved in this way, step S
At step 22, it is determined whether the exposure is completed or not. Here, if the exposure is not completed, return to step S20,
If the process has ended, the process advances to step S23. The above determination of the end of exposure may be made using a signal generated within the CPU 15, such as an exposure time timer, or by providing a switch or the like to detect the end of the exposure operation linked to the shutter device. The state may also be detected.

If it is determined in step S22 that the exposure has ended, an exposure mechanism reset routine is executed in step S23. By executing this exposure mechanism reset, the shutter is charged, the aperture is driven to open, the quick return mirror 39 is raised, the film is wound one frame, etc. for the next photographing. After this, step S2
Return to and repeat the above operations.

FIG. 33 is a flowchart showing an example of basic camera operation in continuous shooting mode.

First, in step H1, the first integration of the photoelectric conversion element is performed, and pixel addition in the X-axis and y-axis directions of the tracking area is performed.

Next, in step H2, a second integration of the photoelectric conversion elements is performed, and pixel addition in the X-axis and y-axis directions is similarly performed for the tracking region. Next, in step H3, a correlation calculation is performed in the same manner as in the flowchart shown in FIG. 22, and the velocity (v8), (V, ), (v8) of the image in the
(Step H4).

Next, in step H5, the image blur velocity (V, . . . due to the mechanical blur of the camera) is determined by the method described above.

After determining the blur detection correction signal (Vcy), the camera shake detection correction signal (VLt) is calculated based on the position information of the optical system of the photographic lens when the first and second integrations of the photoelectric conversion elements are performed.

VL, ) is determined (step H6). From the above, in step H7, the moving speed of the subject image (V 0.

Find Vo,).

Then, in step H8, it is detected and determined whether or not a second release has been performed, and if not, the process returns to step H1. On the other hand, if the second release has been performed, the continuous shooting mode is in effect, and the process advances to step H9 to perform moving object predictive driving. Next, when image stabilization control is performed (step HIO) and exposure control is completed (step H11), the process returns to step H1 and the same operation is repeated thereafter.

Further, FIG. 34 is a flowchart showing another example of basic camera operation in continuous shooting mode. The operations in steps 11 to Ill in this embodiment are the same as the operation example shown in steps H1 to H1l in FIG. 33 described above, and the difference between the two is in the first example shown in FIG. In contrast, in the second example shown in FIG. 34, the process starts from "integration 2" in step H2 when the exposure control ends. In this case, the velocity of the image in the X5YSZ direction (V, ), (
Vy) and (V,) are calculated based on the output from the photoelectric conversion element from the previous "integration 2" and information on the configuration of the optical system of the photographing lens at that time, and from the photoelectric conversion element from the current "integration 2". This is done based on the output of the camera and information on the configuration of the optical system of the photographic lens.

As a result, the number of integration operations of the photoelectric conversion element during the second release can be reduced by one time, thereby enabling higher-speed continuous shooting.

Furthermore, FIG. 35 is a flowchart showing still another example of the basic camera operation in the continuous shooting mode. The operations in steps J1 to Jll in this embodiment are the same as the operation examples shown in steps H1 to H1l and steps 11 to Ill in FIGS. 33 and 34 described above,
The difference from the first and second examples described above is that the third example shown in FIG. 35 immediately enters the second release operation after the exposure control ends. That is, in this case, the data before the previous second release is used as the image blur correction data and the moving object predictive drive data. This allows for even faster snapshot photography.

In the embodiments described above, the output of the blur detection correction signal generation means is sent to the object blur detection means, but it is not used for detecting image blur in the image blur detection means. Good too. In other words, image blur may be detected using the blur detection means while constantly considering the image magnification.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, by setting the image stabilization means at a predetermined position prior to shooting, it is possible to make maximum use of the image stabilization range within the limited image stabilization range. Accordingly, it is possible to provide a camera shake prevention device that can perform effective shake correction. Furthermore, the effect can be even greater by utilizing information on movement of the image of the subject or information on movement of the image due to mechanical shake.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the basic configuration of a camera shake prevention device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram schematically showing the configuration of a camera to which the camera shake prevention device according to the present invention is applied. Figure 3 is an optical layout diagram showing the detailed configuration of the focus detection optical system in Figure 2, and Figures 4 (a) to (c) are
A principle diagram schematically showing the phase difference method to explain the focus-lateral ratio in the focus detection optical system shown in the figure, Figure 5 is a block diagram showing the exposure time setting section of Figure 2, and Figure 6 is a camera Figures 7(a) and (b) are diagrams showing images including the moving object tracking range of the area image sensor in Figure 2; Figures 8<a) and (b) are respectively shown in Figure 7(a).
Figures 9 and 10 are diagrams showing the pixel arrangement within the moving object tracking range of the area image sensor corresponding to (b), and are schematic diagrams of an eye reflex camera to which the image stabilization device shown in Figure 2 is applied. 11 is a block configuration diagram showing the electric circuit system of the vibration isolator shown in FIG. 13(a) to (C) show the configuration of the encoder in FIG. 11, and show a top view, a perspective view, a side view, and a first
Figures 4 (a) and (b) are operation explanatory diagrams showing the outer circumference of the drum and the PR sensor in Figures ## (a) to (C), and Figure 15 is Figure 6, viewed from the positive side of the X-axis. Figure 16 is a schematic side sectional view of the camera seen from the positive side of the X-axis in Figure 6, and Figure 17 is a schematic side sectional view of the camera as seen from the positive side of the X-axis in Figure 6. An explanatory diagram of the image of the subject projected onto the film plane, Figure 18 is a diagram showing the movement of the image due to mechanical shake, the movement of the image due to movement of the subject, and the deviation of the image on the film plane (imaging plane). , FIG. 19 is a conceptual diagram of the camera shake prevention device of the present invention, FIG. 20 is a sequence flowchart explaining the overall operation of the CPU in FIG. 2, and FIGS. 21 and 22 are similar to the flowchart in FIG. 20. photometry and image blur detection (VOC) respectively.
23 (a) and (b), FIG. 24 (a) and (b), and FIG. 25 are subroutines for explaining AL-1).
FIG. 2 is a diagram explaining the interval between two images in the image blur detection subroutine, and FIGS. 26 to 28 are diagrams explaining mechanical blur detection, blur detection correction signal generation, and object structure movement detection in the flowchart of FIG. 20. The subroutines in FIGS. 29 (a) to (d) and 30 (a) to (e) are
A time chart showing an example of determining the speed of image movement due to image movement in the subroutine shown in the figure, and Figs. 31 and 32 explain the anti-shake mechanical reset and anti-shake control in the flowchart of Fig. 20. subroutine, 3rd
3 to 35 are flowcharts showing first, second, and third examples of basic camera operations in continuous shooting mode, respectively. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Image shake detection means, 2... Mechanical shake detection means, 3... Subject movement speed detection means, 4... Shake correction amount calculation means, 5... Shake correction mechanism, 6... Initial position Setting means, 7... Shake correction control means, 10... Shake detection correction signal generation unit, 11... Taking lens, 12... Focus detection optical system, 13... Area image sensor, 14...
...Interface circuit, 15...CPU (central processing unit), 16.ROM (read-only memory), 17...lens ROM, 18...lens drive circuit, 19...lens drive motor, 20... Slit, 21a... Light emitting diode, 21b... Photodiode, 22... Display device, 23... Exposure time setting section, 24... Vibration isolator, 25... Mechanical shake detection section ,
SWI...first release switch, SW2...
・Second release switch. Applicant's representative Patent attorney Jun Tsuboi Figure 1 (a) (b) (c) @ Figure 4 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 (a) Figure 8 (b) Figure 10 Figure 13 Figure 14 5Axi Figure 23 Figure 24 Figure 29 Figure 30 Figure 32 Figure 33 Figure 34 Figure 35

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) Image blur detection means that detects image blur based on the output of an image sensor; Mechanical blur detection means that detects blur based on the output of a mechanical sensor installed inside the camera and calculates the resulting image blur. and a subject moving speed detecting means for detecting information regarding the moving speed of the subject from the output of the image blur detecting means and the mechanical shake detecting means, and calculating an amount of blur correction during exposure from the moving speed of the subject and the exposure time. an initial position setting means for presetting the initial position of the camera shake correction mechanism based on the shake correction amount; and an initial position setting means for presetting the initial position of the shake correction mechanism of the camera based on the shake correction amount; A camera shake prevention device comprising: a shake correction control means for controlling a correction mechanism; (2) The camera shake prevention device according to claim 1, wherein the initial position setting means adjusts to a predetermined position according to the output of the shake correction amount calculation means.