JPH04161652A - Building and construction method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To shorten the time required for constructing a building, and to reduce the cost of construction by constructing a floor structure, in the inside of a space surrounded by a foundation constructed with concrete, in consecutive order with crushed stone layer, a sand layer, a synthetic resin layer, a roofing layer or the like, and a rush-mattress. CONSTITUTION:In the inside of a space constructed by a foundation 1 consisting of concrete placed on rubbles 2, filling 3 is filled up to the neighborhood of the floor surface, and thereon, a floor structure is constructed, in consecutive order, with a rubble or crushed stone layer 4, a sand layer 5, a dampproof synthetic-resin sheet layer 6, a concrete layer 7, a dampproof roofing layer 8, and a rush-mattress 9 thereon. In the living room under the floor of which floor joists 18 are provided, a ventilating hole 31 communicating with the spaces 25 constituted by the joists 18 is opened inside a room where a ventilating door 30 is provided so as to be communicated with a ventilating passage 32. Thereby, the damp air under the floor is drawn and discharged through the ventilating passage 32, so that the intrusion of the damp air into a chamber 10 can be prevented.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to buildings, particularly residential buildings.

[Conventional technology]

Wooden residential buildings are shown in Figure 7.

A large pulley 105 supported by a foundation 102 placed on a foundation 101 poured concrete on an earth embankment 100 and a bundle 104 fixed on independent stones 103 installed between the foundations 102. It is constructed on a floor structure constituted by joists 106.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

As mentioned above, the base 102 made of wood is placed on the foundation 101. Obiki 105. Residential buildings with floor structures such as 106 joists have structural problems such as not being able to prevent moisture from entering the living room from under the floor, and the area under the floor being prone to the growth of resident termites. First, the floor structure made of wood is a complicated structure, so it takes a long time to build, and the lack of skilled engineers also causes a rise in housing construction costs.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a construction method and structure for a residential building that can eliminate such problems, shorten the time required for construction, and reduce housing construction costs. That is.

[Means to solve the problem]

The structure of the present invention adopted to achieve the above-mentioned object is as follows: (1) A foundation constructed of concrete, and a space surrounded by the foundation filled to near the floor level. It has a floor structure consisting of an earthen embankment, a layer of cracked chestnuts or crushed stone, a sand layer, a synthetic resin sheet layer for moisture prevention, a concrete layer, a roof layer for moisture pressure, and tatami mats, which are successively laid on the earthen embankment. (3) A foundation constructed of concrete, an earthen embankment filled to near the floor level in the space surrounded by the foundation, and crackling or chestnuts laid one after another on the earthen embankment. It has a floor structure consisting of a crushed stone layer, a sand layer, a synthetic resin sheet layer for moisture prevention, a concrete layer with multiple wooden bricks distributed on the upper side, and a flooring material stretched through joists. As a feature.

(5) A foundation constructed of concrete, an earth embankment filled to near the floor level in the space surrounded by the foundation, and a layer of cracked chestnuts or crushed stone, and a sand layer laid sequentially on the earth embankment. , a floor structure consisting of a synthetic resin sheet layer for moisture prevention, a concrete layer with multiple wooden bricks distributed on the upper side, and flooring material stretched through joists, and a living room floor. A ventilation hole leading to the space constituted by the joists is opened in the surface, and the space constituted by the joists is connected to a toilet which has a completely sealed door and window and is equipped with a ventilation fan. The construction method of the building includes: (2) the step of constructing a foundation with concrete; and the step of constructing the foundation with concrete; A process of filling the space surrounded by the soil with an earth mound up to the floor level, and sequentially placing a layer of 10% chestnut or crushed stone on the filled earth mound.

The floor structure is constructed by the process of laying a sand layer, a synthetic resin sheet layer for moisture prevention, a concrete layer, a roof layer for moisture pressure, and tatami mats.

(4) The process of building a foundation with concrete.

A step of filling the space surrounded by the constructed foundation with an earthen embankment up to the floor level, and sequentially placing a layer of 10% chestnut or crushed stone on the filled earthen embankment.

The floor structure is constructed by the process of laying a sand layer, a synthetic resin sheet layer for moisture prevention, a concrete layer with multiple wooden bricks distributed on the upper side, and flooring material stretched through joists. It is characterized by

It is something.

[Effect]

In the floor structure of the building of the present invention, the area near the floor surface, which occupies most of the space surrounded by the foundation constructed of concrete, is filled with earth embankments.1. On top of that, a layer of cracked chestnuts or crushed stone, sand, a layer of synthetic resin sheet to prevent moisture, and a layer of concrete.

The roof layer consists of 2 tatami mats to prevent moisture, or a cracked chestnut or crushed stone layer, a sand layer, a synthetic resin sheet layer to prevent moisture, a concrete layer with multiple wooden bricks distributed on the upper side, joists, and flooring. . Therefore, the structure of the floor structure is simple, does not require special technology, is low-lying, has a great moisture-proofing effect, and can prevent the occurrence of termites.

In addition, in living rooms (Western-style rooms) where joists are installed under the flooring, there are ventilation holes in the floor that lead to the space formed by the joists, and this space has completely enclosed doors and windows. If the ventilation passage is connected to the toilet equipped with a ventilation fan, while the toilet ventilation fan is running,
The air in the space constituted by the floor joists can be sucked into the toilet and discharged through the ventilation passage, and in this way, the humid air under the floor can be sucked into the toilet, so that the damp air under the floor It can prevent air from entering the room.

〔Example〕

Examples will be described below. In FIGS. 1 to 6, the same members are given the same reference numerals.

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the main part when used in Japan in one embodiment, where 1 is a foundation made of concrete poured on a chestnut 2, and 3 is a foundation made of concrete poured into the space formed by the foundation 1. It shows the earthen embankment. For the earth mound 3, pieces of blocks or the like can be used instead of earth. 4 is a cracked chestnut or crushed stone layer (hereinafter referred to as the split chestnut layer) laid on the earth embankment 3, 5 is a sand layer spread on the split chestnut layer 4, and 6 is a moisture-preventing vinyl stretched over the sand layer 5. 7 is a concrete layer containing reinforcing bars (6φ) 7a provided on the synthetic resin sheet layer 6, 8 is a wet New Year's roof layer stretched over the concrete layer 7, 9 is a roof Tatami laid on layer 8, 10 is foundation corrosion prevention material (105mXlS■), 11 is insect-proof and antiseptic treated base (105 x 75 cabinets), 12 is pillar (105cm)
13 indicates an anchor bolt, 14 indicates an anchor bolt column connection, and 15 indicates a wooden brick.

In this building, an earth embankment 3 occupies most of the space surrounded by a concrete foundation, and is filled with an earthen embankment 3.
Sand layer 5. Moisture-preventing synthetic resin sheet layer 6. Concrete layer7. The roof layer consists of 8゜9 tatami mats. Therefore, unlike the conventional structure shown in Figure 7, this building does not require a thin internal foundation, and only needs to be provided at the outer periphery, so less wood can be used, making it possible to reduce costs. Since the floor structure is simple, special construction techniques are not required. Furthermore, since the space between the earth embankment 3 and the tatami mat 9 has a multilayer structure as described above, it can be completely moisture-proofed. There is no need to worry about damage to the foundation due to termites.

Figure 2 is a sectional view of the main parts when used in a Western-style room in another embodiment,
Figure 3 is a perspective view, and the differences from the embodiment in Figure 1 are as follows:
The difference is the combination of layers laminated on the synthetic resin sheet layer 6, and 16 is a wooden brick provided on the top of the concrete layer 7 containing reinforcing bars 78 provided on the synthetic resin sheet layer 6. , 17 is the joist installed on it (33 x 40 cabinets), 18 is the floorboard installed on the joist 17, 19 is the skirting board installed on the floorboard 18, 2
Reference numeral 1 indicates a base corrosion-preventing ventilation hole (105 cm x 15 cm) formed by an insect-proof and antiseptic-treated base 12 and a base corrosion-preventing material 11.

This embodiment also operates in the same manner as the embodiment of FIG.

Not only can the same effect be obtained, but since the structure is such that the floorboards 18 are stretched over the concrete layer 8 via the joists 17, it is not possible to lay pea tiles on the concrete layer like in a conventional floor structure. Unlike other products, it also has the effect of making your feet feel softer.

FIGS. 4 and 5 are explanatory diagrams of another embodiment viewed from different directions, and the same parts as in FIGS. 1 to 3 are given the same reference numerals. In these figures, 22 is a Western-style room, 23 is a toilet, and in the Western-style room 22, 24 is a space formed by the joists 18 installed on the floorboard 19 of the Western-style room 22 and inserted between the concrete layer 7 and the floorboard 19. 25 is an underfloor air supply hole leading to the space 25, 26 is an underfloor exhaust hole opening into the space 25, and in the toilet 23, 27 is the ceiling, 28 is a completely sealed swing door, 29 is a completely sealed satsui window, 3
0 indicates a ventilation fan, and 31 indicates a ventilation hole opening into the floor surface. Reference numeral 32 indicates a ventilation passage connecting the space 25 of the Western-style room 22 and the toilet 23 via the underfloor exhaust hole 26 and the ventilation hole 31.

The floor structure of the Western-style room 22 in this embodiment has the structure shown in FIG. 2 or 3, but one toilet 23 has a completely enclosed swing door 28 and a satin window 29, and is equipped with a ventilation fan. The space 22 under the floor of each living room communicates with the ventilation hole 31 provided in the toilet 23.

While the ventilation door 32 of the toilet 23 is rotating, air from each living room can be sucked into the toilet 23 through the ventilation passage 32 and discharged. Furthermore, since each living room 12 is provided with an underfloor air supply hole 24 that communicates with the underfloor, humid air under the floor can be sucked into the toilet 23.

And no special equipment for ventilation is required.

Figure 6 shows specific examples of this embodiment, each with 8
In a house with a floor plan in which a Japanese-style room 33 and a Western-style room 34 are located adjacent to each other, the positions of the underfloor air supply holes 35 and 36 provided in the Western-style room 34 and the ventilation hole 38 provided in the toilet 37. is shown. 39 is an underfloor exhaust hole, 40
41 indicates a ventilation passage connecting the ventilation hole 38 of the toilet 37, and an underfloor inspection hole.

〔Effect of the invention〕

INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION The building of this invention can provide a building which can shorten the time required for construction, reduce housing construction costs, etc., and has great industrial effects.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 and 2 are sectional views of main parts of different embodiments of the building of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of FIG. 2, and FIGS. 4 and 5 are respectively FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of the specific example of FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the main parts of a conventional building. 1...Foundation, 3...Earth embankment, 4...Warikuri layer, 5...
・Sand layer, 6...Synthetic resin sheet layer, 7...Concrete layer, 9...Roof layer (for moist soil), 10...
Tatami, 17...wooden brick, 18...joist, 19...
Floorboard, 22...Western-style room, 23...Toilet, 24...Underfloor air supply hole, 26...Underfloor exhaust hole, 28...Completely sealed swing door, 29...Completely sealed satsushi window, 30・
... Ventilation fan, 31... Ventilation hole, 32... Ventilation passage. 1 patent attorney 1 Hiroo Nagasaki (1 idiot) Figure 1 1...Foundation 3...Earth embankment 4...Warikuri layer 5...Sand layer 6...Synthetic resin/-t layer 7... Concrete layer 8... Roof layer 9... Tatami Figure 2 (Unit: fl) Figure 3

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A foundation constructed of concrete, an earthen embankment filled to nearly the floor level within the space surrounded by the foundation, and earthen embankments laid in sequence on the earthen embankment. A building characterized by having a floor structure consisting of a layer of crushed chestnut or crushed stone, a sand layer, a synthetic resin sheet layer for moisture prevention, a concrete layer, a moisture prevention roof layer, and tatami mats. 2. A step of constructing a foundation with concrete, a step of filling the space surrounded by the constructed foundation with earth mound up to the floor level, and a step of sequentially filling the filled earth mound with earth. , a layer of crushed chestnut or crushed stone, a sand layer, a synthetic resin sheet layer for moisture prevention, a concrete layer, a roof layer for moisture prevention, and a tatami mat. . 3. A foundation constructed of concrete, an earthen embankment filled to near the floor level within the space surrounded by the foundation, and split chestnuts or crushed stones laid one after another on the earthen embankment. layer, a sand layer, a synthetic resin sheet layer for moisture prevention, a concrete layer with a plurality of wooden bricks distributed on the upper side, and
A building characterized by having a floor structure made of flooring material stretched through joists. 4. A step of constructing a foundation with concrete, a step of filling the space surrounded by the constructed foundation with an earthen embankment up to near the floor level, and a step of sequentially filling the filled earthen earthen embankment. , a layer of crushed chestnut or crushed stone, a layer of sand, a layer of synthetic resin sheet for dampening, a concrete layer with a plurality of wood bricks distributed on the upper side, and a process of laying flooring material stretched through joists. A method of configuring a building, characterized by configuring a floor structure by. 5. A foundation constructed of concrete, an earthen embankment filled almost to the floor within the space surrounded by the foundation, and split chestnuts or crushed stones laid one after another on the earthen embankment. layer, a sand layer, a synthetic resin sheet layer for moisture prevention, a concrete layer with a plurality of wooden bricks distributed on the upper side, and
It has a floor structure consisting of flooring material stretched through joists, and a ventilation hole is opened in the living room floor surface leading to the space constituted by the joists, and the space is constituted by the joists. The space and a toilet having a completely closed door and window and equipped with a ventilation fan are communicated by a ventilation passage provided through a ventilation hole opening in the floor of the toilet. A building characterized by