JPH0415640A - Silver halide photographic sensitive material - Google Patents
Silver halide photographic sensitive materialInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0415640A JPH0415640A JP11909790A JP11909790A JPH0415640A JP H0415640 A JPH0415640 A JP H0415640A JP 11909790 A JP11909790 A JP 11909790A JP 11909790 A JP11909790 A JP 11909790A JP H0415640 A JPH0415640 A JP H0415640A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- film
- silver halide
- titanium oxide
- halide photographic
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- -1 Silver halide Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920006267 polyester film Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 54
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 17
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 16
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 4
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000012463 white pigment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002799 BoPET Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002284 Cellulose triacetate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N [(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-diacetyloxy-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-triacetyloxy-6-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-triacetyloxy-2-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O1)OC(C)=O)COC(=O)C)[C@@H]1[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O[C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010954 inorganic particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N (+)-propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGKMIGUHVLGJBR-UHFFFAOYSA-M (4z)-1-(3-methylbutyl)-4-[[1-(3-methylbutyl)quinolin-1-ium-4-yl]methylidene]quinoline;iodide Chemical compound [I-].C12=CC=CC=C2N(CCC(C)C)C=CC1=CC1=CC=[N+](CCC(C)C)C2=CC=CC=C12 QGKMIGUHVLGJBR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-propanediol Substances OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940035437 1,3-propanediol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJOOOZPMQAWAOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ag].BrCl Chemical compound [Ag].BrCl SJOOOZPMQAWAOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XCFIVNQHHFZRNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ag].Cl[IH]Br Chemical compound [Ag].Cl[IH]Br XCFIVNQHHFZRNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- AFTLIIOXEHXDOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diene;furan-2,5-dione;styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.O=C1OC(=O)C=C1.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 AFTLIIOXEHXDOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012461 cellulose resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007766 curtain coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005994 diacetyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009820 dry lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007765 extrusion coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009998 heat setting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001477 hydrophilic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001023 inorganic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- DZVCFNFOPIZQKX-LTHRDKTGSA-M merocyanine Chemical compound [Na+].O=C1N(CCCC)C(=O)N(CCCC)C(=O)C1=C\C=C\C=C/1N(CCCS([O-])(=O)=O)C2=CC=CC=C2O\1 DZVCFNFOPIZQKX-LTHRDKTGSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- KYTZHLUVELPASH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 KYTZHLUVELPASH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920003207 poly(ethylene-2,6-naphthalate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011112 polyethylene naphthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000166 polytrimethylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver bromide Chemical compound [Ag]Br ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZUNKMNLKJXRCDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver bromoiodide Chemical compound [Ag].IBr ZUNKMNLKJXRCDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylolethane Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)CO QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
[産業上の利用分野]
本発明はハロゲン化銀写真感光材料に関するものであり
、更に詳しくは白色プラスチックフィルム支持体を有し
、かつ白色度、光沢感及び鮮鋭性に優れたハロゲン化銀
写真感光材料に関するものである。Detailed Description of the Invention [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material, and more specifically, it has a white plastic film support and has good whiteness, gloss, and sharpness. This invention relates to an excellent silver halide photographic material.
[従来の技術]
従来、反射写真要素の支持体としては、バルブから製造
された原紙上に白色顔料等を混練したポリエチレン層を
設けたポリエチレン被覆紙が一般に使用されている。し
かしながら、ポリエチレン被覆紙を支持体として用いた
反射写真要素は、原紙支持体表面の凹凸のため、その表
面かざらざらしたさざ波状の光沢面になり、写真画像の
明るさ、鮮明さおよびそれらに起因する美観が著しく損
なわれる。また、支持体の原紙の両面は不透水性のポリ
エチレン薄膜で被覆されているが、原紙の切断面は被覆
されていないため、現像処理時にここから現像処理液等
のしみ込みが生じ、着色する等の欠点があった
このため、支持体として原紙を用いることなく熱可塑性
樹脂フィルムのみを用いる方法がいくつか提案されてい
る。[Prior Art] Conventionally, as a support for a reflective photographic element, a polyethylene-coated paper is generally used, which is a base paper made from a bulb and a polyethylene layer kneaded with a white pigment or the like provided thereon. However, reflective photographic elements using polyethylene-coated paper as a support suffer from unevenness on the surface of the base paper support, which results in a glossy surface with rough ripples, which impairs the brightness and sharpness of the photographic image. The aesthetic appearance is significantly impaired. Additionally, although both sides of the base paper of the support are coated with a water-impermeable thin polyethylene film, the cut surface of the base paper is not coated, so during the development process, the processing solution, etc. seeps into this area, causing coloration. Therefore, several methods have been proposed in which only a thermoplastic resin film is used as a support without using base paper.
特にポリエステル樹脂を用いた技術として、英国特許第
1,563,591号および同第1,563,592号
各明細書に硫酸バリウムをポリエステルに添加し、延伸
する方法が開示されている。しかしながら、同方法では
、反射写真要素用の支持体として十分な白色度が得られ
ない。これは上記明細書記載の実施例において蛍光増白
剤や他顔料を多用していることから明らかである。また
、延伸の結果、硫酸バリウム粒子周囲に空隙を生じ、写
真層を塗設した場合得られる画像の解像力が不十分とな
る。特公昭56−4901号公報には、硫酸バリウムと
酸化チタンを併用する技術が開示されている。同公報で
は使用しうる熱可塑性樹脂として種々の樹脂と併せて飽
和ポリエステル系樹脂も好適であると述べられているが
、次の二点の理由からポリエステル系樹脂は適用しかね
るものである。すなわちその第−点は、硫酸バリウムと
ポリエステルの屈折率の値が近く、延伸しないかぎり好
適な白色度は得られず、同公報にはポリエステル系樹脂
に添加した場合について何ら開示していないこと、第二
点は、酸化チタンはそのままポリエステル系樹脂に添加
し延伸すると粒子周囲に空隙を生じてしまい好適な白色
度が得られないばかりか、写真画像の解像力も不十分と
なることである。In particular, as a technique using polyester resin, British Patent No. 1,563,591 and British Patent No. 1,563,592 disclose a method of adding barium sulfate to polyester and stretching the polyester. However, this method does not provide sufficient whiteness as a support for reflective photographic elements. This is clear from the extensive use of optical brighteners and other pigments in the Examples described in the above specification. In addition, as a result of stretching, voids are formed around the barium sulfate particles, resulting in insufficient resolution of images obtained when a photographic layer is applied. Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-4901 discloses a technique in which barium sulfate and titanium oxide are used together. Although the publication states that saturated polyester resins are also suitable as thermoplastic resins that can be used in addition to various resins, polyester resins cannot be used for the following two reasons. That is, the first point is that the refractive index values of barium sulfate and polyester are close, and suitable whiteness cannot be obtained unless stretched, and the publication does not disclose anything about the case where barium sulfate is added to polyester resin. The second point is that when titanium oxide is directly added to a polyester resin and stretched, voids are formed around the particles, which not only makes it impossible to obtain suitable whiteness, but also results in insufficient resolution of photographic images.
また特開平1−241548号および同1−24154
9号各公報には炭酸カルシウムを充てんした白色ポリエ
ステルフィルム支持体が開示されているが、該白色ポリ
エステルフィルムも粒子周囲に空隙を形成するため、写
真画像の解像力が不十分である。Also, JP-A-1-241548 and JP-A-1-24154
No. 9 discloses a white polyester film support filled with calcium carbonate, but since the white polyester film also forms voids around the particles, the resolution of photographic images is insufficient.
これらの欠点に関連するものとして、特開昭61118
746号にはポリエステルに平均粒子径0.1〜05μ
mの表面処理された酸化チタンを添加して、その膜厚お
よび全可視光透過率が特定の範囲にあるフィルム上に乳
剤を塗布した反射写真要素が開示されている。Related to these drawbacks, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61118
No. 746 contains polyester with an average particle size of 0.1 to 05μ.
A reflective photographic element is disclosed in which the emulsion is coated on a film having a surface-treated titanium oxide of m and whose film thickness and total visible light transmittance are within a specified range.
[発明が解決しようとする課題]
しかしながら、酸化チタン充てん型の白色ポリエステル
フィルムは酸化チタンの比重が大きいためフィルム全体
およびハロゲン化銀乳剤を塗布した感光材料全体の重さ
が増大し、例えばビルの壁面にデイスプレィする際に、
プリントした写真要素に穴を開けて吊るす場合があり、
このような場合写真要素が自重で裂けてしまうといった
問題が生じる。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, since the titanium oxide-filled white polyester film has a high specific gravity of titanium oxide, the weight of the entire film and the entire photosensitive material coated with a silver halide emulsion increases. When displaying on a wall,
Printed photographic elements may be punched and hung.
In such cases, a problem arises in that the photographic element tears under its own weight.
従って本発明は白色プラスチックフィルム支持体を有す
るハロゲン化銀写真感光材料において、白色度、鮮鋭性
及び光沢部に優れ、かつ実用上適度な重量を有するハロ
ゲン化銀写真感光材料を提供することにある。Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a silver halide photographic material having a white plastic film support, which has excellent whiteness, sharpness, and gloss, and has a weight suitable for practical use. .
[課題を解決するための手段]
本発明者等は前記課題に鑑みて、鋭意研究の結果、本発
明の上記目的は、白色プラスチックフィルム支持体にハ
ロゲン化銀写真乳剤層を塗設した感光材料であって、前
記白色プラスチックフィルム支持体が酸化チタン含有層
及びボイド形成性ポリマー含有層を含む二層以上の積層
構造を有する二軸延伸ポリエステルフィルムからなるこ
とを特徴とするハロゲン化銀写真感光材料、特に、前記
白色プラスチックフィルム支持体において酸化チタン含
有層がハロゲン化銀写真乳剤層を塗設する面側の最表層
である上記ハロゲン化銀写真感光材料を提供することに
より達成されることを見出した。[Means for Solving the Problems] In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have conducted intensive research and found that the above-mentioned object of the present invention is to provide a photosensitive material in which a silver halide photographic emulsion layer is coated on a white plastic film support. A silver halide photographic light-sensitive material, wherein the white plastic film support is made of a biaxially stretched polyester film having a laminated structure of two or more layers including a titanium oxide-containing layer and a void-forming polymer-containing layer. In particular, we have found that this can be achieved by providing the silver halide photographic light-sensitive material in which the titanium oxide-containing layer is the outermost layer on the side on which the silver halide photographic emulsion layer is coated on the white plastic film support. Ta.
以下、本発明を更に詳細に説明する。The present invention will be explained in more detail below.
本発明において白色プラスチックフィルム支持体とは酸
化チタン含有層とボイド形成性ポリマー含有層からなる
二層以−トの積層構造を有する二軸延伸ポリエステルフ
ィルムからなるものである。In the present invention, the white plastic film support is a biaxially stretched polyester film having a two-layer or more-layered structure consisting of a titanium oxide-containing layer and a void-forming polymer-containing layer.
上記酸化チタン含有層は、主としてポリエステル樹脂及
び酸化チタンからなる層である。The titanium oxide-containing layer is a layer mainly composed of polyester resin and titanium oxide.
用いられる酸化チタンとしてはルチル型およびアナター
ゼ型のいずれも用いることができるが、青味の色調から
アナターゼ型かより好ましく用いられる。As the titanium oxide used, both rutile type and anatase type can be used, but the anatase type is more preferably used because of its bluish color tone.
酸化チタンとしては平均粒子径01〜05μmのものが
好ましく用いられ、また、酸化チタンに表面処理を施し
たものも用いられる。この表面処理とはAI、 Ce
、 Mg、 Ti、 Sb、 Si、 Sn、
Zn。Titanium oxide having an average particle diameter of 01 to 05 μm is preferably used, and surface-treated titanium oxide may also be used. This surface treatment is AI, Ce
, Mg, Ti, Sb, Si, Sn,
Zn.
Zr等の金属の水酸化物、水和酸化物、リン酸塩、また
は塩基性硫酸塩等から選ばれる1種あるいは2種以上を
沈着させる無機処理および/又は脂肪酸金属塩、各種カ
ップリング剤、アルコール類、アミン類、シロキサンポ
リマー類、各種エステル化合物、リン酸化合物等を酸化
チタン表面に吸着させる有機処理である。Inorganic treatment to deposit one or more selected from metal hydroxides such as Zr, hydrated oxides, phosphates, basic sulfates, etc. and/or fatty acid metal salts, various coupling agents, This is an organic treatment in which alcohols, amines, siloxane polymers, various ester compounds, phosphoric acid compounds, etc. are adsorbed onto the surface of titanium oxide.
本発明において、用いられる酸化チタンは分級および/
又は粉砕処理を施して粒径3μm以上の粗大粒子を除去
したものが好ましい。分級処理および/又は粉砕処理は
上記酸化チタンの表面処理工程の前に行なっても、後に
行なっても、又表面処理が無機処理と有機処理の両方を
行なう場合は無機処理と有機処理の間に行なってもよい
。In the present invention, the titanium oxide used is classified and/or
Alternatively, it is preferable to use a pulverization treatment to remove coarse particles having a particle size of 3 μm or more. The classification treatment and/or the pulverization treatment may be performed before or after the surface treatment step of the titanium oxide mentioned above, or between the inorganic treatment and the organic treatment if the surface treatment involves both inorganic treatment and organic treatment. You may do so.
本発明において酸化チタン含有層を構成する樹脂として
用いられるポリエステルとは、ポリエステルのみからな
る熱可塑性樹脂はもちろんのこと、主成分であるポリエ
ステルの樹脂特性を実用的に変動させない範囲において
他のポリマー、添加剤等を加えたものも包含される。In the present invention, the polyester used as the resin constituting the titanium oxide-containing layer is not only a thermoplastic resin consisting only of polyester, but also other polymers, as long as the resin properties of the main component polyester are not practically changed. It also includes those to which additives and the like are added.
本発明に用いられるポリエステルとしては、テレフタル
酸、イソフタル酸、フタル酸、ナフタレンジカルボン酸
等の芳香族ジカルボン酸とエチレングリコール、1,3
−プロパンジオール、l。The polyester used in the present invention includes aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, and naphthalene dicarboxylic acid, ethylene glycol, 1,3
- Propanediol, l.
4−ブタンジオール等のグリコール類との縮合物のポリ
マー、例えば、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリエチ
レン2,6−ジナフタレート、ポリプロピレンテレフタ
レート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート等、あるいはこれ
らの共重合体が挙げられる。本発明に用いられるポリエ
ステルとしては、ポリエチレンテレフタレート(以下、
PETと略称する)が好ましい。PETフィルムは、水
を浸透せず、平滑性に優れ、引張強度、引き裂き強度等
の機械的特性に優れ、熱収縮等の寸法安定性に優れ、さ
らに現像処理時の耐薬品性に優れているものである。Examples include polymers of condensates with glycols such as 4-butanediol, such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene 2,6-dinaphthalate, polypropylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, and copolymers thereof. The polyester used in the present invention includes polyethylene terephthalate (hereinafter referred to as
(abbreviated as PET) is preferred. PET film is impermeable to water, has excellent smoothness, has excellent mechanical properties such as tensile strength and tear strength, has excellent dimensional stability such as heat shrinkage, and has excellent chemical resistance during development processing. It is something.
本発明に用いられるポリエステルにおいて、フェノール
/1,1,2.2−テトラクロロエタン(60/40重
量比)の混合溶媒中、20℃で測定した固有粘度は、0
4〜1.0が好ましく、より好ましくは0.5〜0.8
である。In the polyester used in the present invention, the intrinsic viscosity measured at 20°C in a mixed solvent of phenol/1,1,2.2-tetrachloroethane (60/40 weight ratio) is 0.
4 to 1.0 is preferable, more preferably 0.5 to 0.8
It is.
本発明において、ポリエステル中に含有される酸化チタ
ンの割合は支持体フィルムの白色度、延伸性等の点から
ポリエステル100重量部に対し、酸化チタンが10〜
50重量部が好ましく、さらに好ましくは15〜30重
量部である。In the present invention, the proportion of titanium oxide contained in the polyester is from 10 to 100 parts by weight of the polyester from the viewpoint of whiteness, stretchability, etc. of the support film.
It is preferably 50 parts by weight, more preferably 15 to 30 parts by weight.
本発明においては酸化チタンと共に一般に当業界で白色
顔料として用いられている、酸化亜鉛、硫酸バリウム、
シリカ、タルク、炭酸カルシウム等の無機顔料等の1種
または2種以上を併用することができる。但し、これら
の併用し得る白色顔料は、本発明のポリエステル100
重量部に対し、10重量部を越えてはならない。In the present invention, along with titanium oxide, zinc oxide, barium sulfate, which is generally used as a white pigment in the industry,
One or more inorganic pigments such as silica, talc, and calcium carbonate can be used in combination. However, the white pigment that can be used in combination with the polyester 100 of the present invention
It should not exceed 10 parts by weight.
本発明においては、前記酸化チタンのポリエステルへの
添加方法としてはポリエステルの溶融状態で酸化チタン
を混線分散する方法も用いられるが、ポリエステルの重
合時に添加する方法も用いられる。In the present invention, as a method for adding titanium oxide to polyester, a method of cross-dispersing titanium oxide in the molten state of polyester is used, but a method of adding titanium oxide during polymerization of polyester is also used.
本発明において酸化チタンをポリエステルに混線分散す
るための混練機としては、混練用のロータやブレードを
持つ押出機、同方向あるいは異方向回転型の二軸混練押
出機、−軸型のコンティニュアスニーダなどの連続式混
練機、また三本ロール、パンバリミキサ、ヘンシェルミ
キサ、ニーダなどの回分式混練機等が使用される。中で
も強力な剪断力をかけながら連続的に混練できる点から
同方向または異方向回転型の連続式二軸混練押出機が好
適に使用される。In the present invention, the kneading machine for cross-dispersing titanium oxide into polyester includes an extruder with a rotor or blades for kneading, a twin-screw kneading extruder that rotates in the same or different directions, and a -shaft continuous extruder. Continuous kneading machines such as kneaders, batch kneading machines such as three rolls, Panbury mixers, Henschel mixers, kneaders, etc. are used. Among these, a continuous twin-screw extruder that rotates in the same direction or in different directions is preferably used because it can continuously knead while applying a strong shearing force.
重合時に添加する場合は、酸化チタンをエステル形成性
多価アルコール、例えばエチレングリコールなどに分散
したスラリーを添加するのが好ましい。When added during polymerization, it is preferable to add a slurry in which titanium oxide is dispersed in an ester-forming polyhydric alcohol, such as ethylene glycol.
本発明においては、上記の如く得られるポリエステル組
成物を一部ペレット化してからフィルム成形に供しても
よいし、溶融状態のままフィルム成形に供してもよい。In the present invention, the polyester composition obtained as described above may be partially pelletized and then subjected to film forming, or may be subjected to film forming while in a molten state.
またどちらの方法においても顔料濃度をそのままで成形
してもよいし、高顔料濃度の組成物、いわゆるマスター
バッチを作成して、これを希釈して成形してもよい。In either method, the composition may be molded with the pigment concentration as it is, or a composition with a high pigment concentration, a so-called masterbatch, may be prepared and then diluted and molded.
本発明において白色プラスチックフィルム支持体を構成
するボイド形成性ポリマー含有層に含有されるボイド形
成性ポリマーとは、ポリエステル樹脂と相溶性がなく、
かつ不活性な樹脂であって、延伸時粒子周囲に空隙を生
じせしめるようなポリマーをさす。このようなポリマー
は熱可塑性でも熱硬化性でもいずれでもよい。ボイド形
成性ポリマーは該ポリマー含有層を形成するポリエステ
ル中に分散した時の平均粒径が0.01〜50μmであ
ることが好ましい。該ポリエステル中に添加、分散する
方法としては、重合時に添加してもよいし、溶融混練し
て添加してもよい。In the present invention, the void-forming polymer contained in the void-forming polymer-containing layer constituting the white plastic film support is not compatible with the polyester resin,
It is an inert resin and refers to a polymer that creates voids around the particles when stretched. Such polymers may be either thermoplastic or thermosetting. The void-forming polymer preferably has an average particle size of 0.01 to 50 μm when dispersed in the polyester forming the polymer-containing layer. As for the method of adding and dispersing it into the polyester, it may be added during polymerization or may be added by melt-kneading.
本発明において用いられるボイド形成性ポリマーの具体
例としては、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレンなどの一ポ
リオレフィン、ポリスチレン、ポリメチルメタクリレー
ト、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリ塩化ビニリデン、トリアセチ
ルセルロース、ジアセチルセルロース、ポリカーボネー
ト、ナイロン樹脂、ポリフェニレンサルファイドなどが
挙げられる。Specific examples of void-forming polymers used in the present invention include polyolefins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, triacetyl cellulose, diacetyl cellulose, polycarbonate, nylon resin, polyphenylene. Examples include sulfide.
またイソフタル酸を共重合したPETなどのポリエステ
ル共重合体、固相重合などによって重合度をあげたPE
T、液晶性ポリエステル、ポリエチレン−2,6−ナフ
タレートなど、PETと相溶性のないポリエステルも使
用できる。In addition, polyester copolymers such as PET copolymerized with isophthalic acid, PE with increased degree of polymerization through solid phase polymerization, etc.
Polyesters that are not compatible with PET, such as T, liquid crystalline polyester, and polyethylene-2,6-naphthalate, can also be used.
更に、硬化剤により三次元架橋することによってPET
との相溶性をなくした樹脂、例えばスチレン−ジビニル
ベンゼン共重合体粒子、架橋剤を添加したポリブチレン
チレフタレートなとも使用できる。Furthermore, by three-dimensional crosslinking with a curing agent, PET
It is also possible to use resins that are incompatible with the resin, such as styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer particles, and polybutylene ethylene phthalate to which a crosslinking agent is added.
本発明に用いられるボイド形成性ポリマーは、これら具
体例には限定されず、PETに添加し、延伸によりボイ
ドを形成して白色化できるポリマーであれば他のいかな
るものも使用しうる。The void-forming polymer used in the present invention is not limited to these specific examples, and any other polymer that can be added to PET and whitened by forming voids by stretching may be used.
また、本発明においてはボイド形成性ポリマーの分散性
を向上するために分散助剤を添加するのが好ましい。分
散助剤としては、ステアリン酸亜鉛などの脂肪酸金属塩
、シランカップリング剤、チタンカップリング剤などの
各種カップリング剤、トリメチロールプロパン、トリメ
チロールエタンなどの多価アルコール、ポリジメチルシ
ロキサンなどのシロキサンポリマー類、無水マレイン酸
など、ボイド形成性ポリマーをポリエステル中に微分散
することができ、かつ延伸時にはボイドを形成すること
ができるものならいずれも好ましく用いられる。Further, in the present invention, it is preferable to add a dispersion aid in order to improve the dispersibility of the void-forming polymer. Dispersion aids include fatty acid metal salts such as zinc stearate, various coupling agents such as silane coupling agents and titanium coupling agents, polyhydric alcohols such as trimethylolpropane and trimethylolethane, and siloxanes such as polydimethylsiloxane. Polymers, maleic anhydride, and any other polymer that can finely disperse a void-forming polymer in the polyester and can form voids during stretching are preferably used.
本発明においては成形したフィルムの比重を小さくする
ために上記のボイド形成性ポリマーを採用しているが、
本発明の目的に反しない範囲で種々の無機粒子を含んで
もよい。例えばポリエステルフィルム製造工程において
は、通常、製品にならないいわゆる耳といわれる部分を
回収し再利用することが行なわれているが、例えば本発
明のポリエステルフィルムの耳部分を回収し、再利用す
る場合、積層した酸化チタン含有層中の酸化チタンが新
たに形成するフィルムのボイド形成性ポリマー含有層に
も混入することになり、該層中に実質的にはボイド形成
性ポリマー以外の無機粒子を含有することになるが、本
発明はこのような場合も包含することができる。In the present invention, the above-mentioned void-forming polymer is employed in order to reduce the specific gravity of the formed film.
Various inorganic particles may be included as long as they do not contradict the purpose of the present invention. For example, in the polyester film manufacturing process, it is common practice to collect and reuse so-called selvedges that do not become products. For example, when collecting and reusing the selvage portions of the polyester film of the present invention, The titanium oxide in the laminated titanium oxide-containing layer will also be mixed into the void-forming polymer-containing layer of the newly formed film, and this layer will substantially contain inorganic particles other than the void-forming polymer. However, the present invention can also include such a case.
ボイド形成性ポリマー含有層を構成する樹脂としては酸
化チタン含有層構成樹脂と接着性のあるポリエステル樹
脂が選択される。なかでもPETが好ましく用いられる
。As the resin constituting the void-forming polymer-containing layer, a polyester resin that is adhesive to the titanium oxide-containing layer constituting resin is selected. Among them, PET is preferably used.
該ボイド形成性ポリマー含有層を酸化チタン含有層と積
層する方法としては、ドライラミネーション、溶融ラミ
ネーション、接着剤によるはり合せなど、また共押出し
法などがあるか、なかでも共押出し法が好ましく用いら
れる。Methods for laminating the void-forming polymer-containing layer with the titanium oxide-containing layer include dry lamination, melt lamination, bonding with an adhesive, and coextrusion, among which coextrusion is preferably used. .
本発明に係る白色プラスチックフィルム支持体は二層以
上何層からなっていてもよいが、酸化チタン含有層をハ
ロゲン化銀乳剤層塗設側の表面層とすることが好ましい
。The white plastic film support according to the present invention may be composed of two or more layers, but it is preferable that the titanium oxide-containing layer is the surface layer on the side on which the silver halide emulsion layer is coated.
またラミネートにより積層する場合には、基材となるボ
イド形成性ポリマー含有ポリエステルをフィルム成形す
る工程、例えば溶融押出し後、縦延伸終了後、横延伸終
了後などのいずれかの工程で積層する方法、または前記
成形完了後に積層する方法などをとりうる。In addition, in the case of lamination, a method in which the polyester containing a void-forming polymer as a base material is formed into a film, for example, after melt extrusion, after completion of longitudinal stretching, after completion of transverse stretching, etc. Alternatively, a method may be adopted in which the layers are laminated after the molding is completed.
フィルム成形の方法としてはポリエステル組成物を溶融
状態でスリットダイから押出し、回転ドラム等の急冷表
面に接地し、無定形のシートとした後、ポリエステルの
ガラス転移温度(Tg)以上130℃以下の温度範囲で
、縦又は横方向の−軸方向に順次または一軸同時に延伸
する方法をとることができる。この際、フィルム支持体
の機械的強度、寸法安定性を満足させ、また充分なボイ
ドを形成し、白色化するために、面積比で4〜25倍、
さらに好ましくは6〜16倍の範囲で延伸が行なわれる
ことが好ましい。また、延伸に次いで、熱固定、熱緩和
を行なうことが好ましい。The method of film forming is to extrude the polyester composition in a molten state through a slit die, place it on a rapidly cooling surface such as a rotating drum, form an amorphous sheet, and then extrude the polyester composition at a temperature above the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polyester and below 130°C. Within this range, it is possible to take a method of sequentially or uniaxially simultaneous stretching in the longitudinal or transverse direction and the axial direction. At this time, in order to satisfy the mechanical strength and dimensional stability of the film support, and to form sufficient voids and whiten the film, the area ratio is 4 to 25 times larger.
More preferably, the stretching is performed in a range of 6 to 16 times. Further, it is preferable to perform heat setting and heat relaxation subsequent to stretching.
更に製膜する際には適当なグレードのフィルターで濾過
することが好ましい。Furthermore, when forming a film, it is preferable to filter it using an appropriate grade filter.
本発明においては白色プラスチックフィルム支持体の膜
厚は、50〜300μmが好ましく、より好ましくは7
5〜250μmである。50μmより薄い場合は、支持
体としての腰が弱く、しわになり易い。また、300μ
mを越える場合は、厚すぎて取り扱いが不便となる等の
欠点が生じる場合がある。In the present invention, the thickness of the white plastic film support is preferably 50 to 300 μm, more preferably 7 μm.
It is 5 to 250 μm. If it is thinner than 50 μm, it will not be stiff as a support and will wrinkle easily. Also, 300μ
If the thickness exceeds m, there may be problems such as being too thick and inconvenient to handle.
本発明においては、本発明の目的を損なわない範囲で、
通常用いられる種々の添加剤、例えば蛍光増白剤、染料
、紫外線吸収剤、帯電防止剤等を支持体に含有すること
ができる。In the present invention, to the extent that the purpose of the present invention is not impaired,
The support may contain various commonly used additives, such as optical brighteners, dyes, ultraviolet absorbers, antistatic agents, and the like.
上記の如く成形され、不透明、白色化されたフィルム支
持体上に少なくとも一層のノ10ゲン化銀写真乳剤層が
塗設され本発明のノ10ゲン化銀写真感光材料が作製さ
れる。この場合、必要に応じてハロゲン化銀写真乳剤層
塗布に先んじてコロナ放電等の表面活性化処理および/
または下引層を塗設することができる。At least one silver decagenide photographic emulsion layer is coated on the opaque and whitened film support formed as described above to produce the silver decagenide photographic light-sensitive material of the present invention. In this case, if necessary, surface activation treatment such as corona discharge and/or
Alternatively, a subbing layer can be applied.
ハロゲン化銀写真乳剤層の塗布法としては、2種以上の
層を同時に塗布することの出来るエクストルージョンコ
ーティング及びカーテンコーティングが特に有用である
。又、塗布速度は任意に選ぶことが出来るが生産性の上
で50m/分以上の速度が好ましい。Particularly useful methods for coating silver halide photographic emulsion layers are extrusion coating and curtain coating, which allow two or more layers to be coated simultaneously. Further, the coating speed can be arbitrarily selected, but from the viewpoint of productivity, a speed of 50 m/min or more is preferable.
本発明のハロゲン化銀写真感光材料には、通常用いられ
る種々の感光材料が含まれるが、いわゆる反射写真要素
に対応するものが好ましく挙げられる。The silver halide photographic light-sensitive material of the present invention includes various commonly used light-sensitive materials, but those corresponding to so-called reflection photographic elements are preferably mentioned.
ここで反射写真要素とは、写真画像を透過光により投影
しその投影画像を利用する所謂、透過写真要素に対し、
前記の如く全可視光透過率が20%以下であり支持体と
して不透明な材料を用いその上に写真層を設けたもので
あって、該写真層に形成された写真画像を反射光により
直接観賞するための通常印画紙と呼ばれている如き写真
要素をいう。Here, the term "reflective photographic element" refers to a so-called transmission photographic element that projects a photographic image using transmitted light and utilizes the projected image.
As mentioned above, an opaque material with a total visible light transmittance of 20% or less is used as a support, and a photographic layer is provided thereon, and the photographic image formed on the photographic layer is directly viewed by reflected light. It refers to photographic elements such as those commonly called photographic paper.
上記反射写真要素は、本発明に係る支持体を用いる写真
要素であればすべてに適用でき、例えば白黒用、カラー
用等の制限はなく、写真構成層においても、感光性ハロ
ゲン化銀写真乳剤層、中間層、保護層、フィルター層、
バックコート層等の層数、層順序に特に制限はなく適用
できる。The above-mentioned reflective photographic element can be applied to any photographic element using the support according to the present invention, for example, there are no restrictions on black and white, color, etc., and even in the photographic constituent layers, the light-sensitive silver halide photographic emulsion layer , intermediate layer, protective layer, filter layer,
There are no particular restrictions on the number and order of layers such as the back coat layer, and the invention can be applied.
本発明のハロゲン化銀写真感光材料におけるハロゲン化
銀写真乳剤層としては、種々の公知のハロゲン化銀乳剤
層が適用できるか、例えば、塩化銀、臭化銀、塩臭化銀
、沃臭化銀、塩沃臭化銀各乳剤等からなるものを好まし
く用いることができる。また、ハロゲン化銀乳剤層の中
にはカラー像を作るためのカプラーを含ませることも可
能であり、また結合剤としてゼラチン又はそれ以外の親
水性高分子物質、例えばポリビニルアルコール、ポリビ
ニルピロリドン等を含ませることも可能である。更に、
上記ハロゲン化銀乳剤層は、シアニン色素、メロシアニ
ン色素等の分光増感色素により感光波長域を増感させる
こともでき、また、その他種々の写真用添加剤、例えば
、カブリ防止剤、金、イオウ等を用いた化学増感剤、硬
膜剤、帯電防止剤等を好ましく加えることができる。従
って、本発明のハロゲン化銀写真感光材料の現像処理も
、白黒用現像処理であっても、カラー用現像処理であっ
ても、本発明は有効である。As the silver halide photographic emulsion layer in the silver halide photographic light-sensitive material of the present invention, various known silver halide emulsion layers can be applied. For example, silver chloride, silver bromide, silver chlorobromide, silver iodobromide, etc. Emulsions of silver, silver chloroiodobromide, etc. can be preferably used. It is also possible to include a coupler for creating a color image in the silver halide emulsion layer, and gelatin or other hydrophilic polymer substances such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, etc. can be used as a binder. It is also possible to include Furthermore,
The silver halide emulsion layer can be sensitized in the wavelength range by using spectral sensitizing dyes such as cyanine dyes and merocyanine dyes, and may also contain various other photographic additives such as antifoggants, gold, and sulfur. Chemical sensitizers, hardeners, antistatic agents, etc. can be preferably added. Therefore, the present invention is effective regardless of whether the silver halide photographic material of the present invention is developed in black and white or in color.
[実施例] 以下に実施例をあげて本発明を更に具体的に説明する。[Example] The present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples below.
実施例1
平均粒子径027μmのアナターゼ型酸化チタンに、A
ltosに換算して1.0重量%、5iftに換算して
0.5重量%のアルミナとシリカで表面処理した。さら
に乾式法で06重量%のポリジメチルシロキサンを表面
処理した。Example 1 Anatase type titanium oxide with an average particle size of 027 μm was
The surface was treated with alumina and silica of 1.0% by weight in terms of ltos and 0.5% by weight in terms of 5ift. Furthermore, the surface was treated with 0.6% by weight polydimethylsiloxane by a dry method.
得られた表面処理済み酸化チタンを日清エンジニアリン
グ■のターボクラシファイヤーで3μ以上の粗粒子を分
級した後固有粘度(I V) 0.65のPETを同方
向回転式二軸混練押出機(オートマチック社Z CM5
3/60)を用いて、酸化チタン含有量が20重量%に
なるように混練した。このときスクリュー回転数はf6
0rpmとし、PET、酸化チタン、PETの順に供給
し、各供給口の下流側にベントロを設け、0.I To
rrでベントした。吐出量は150kg/時で、混練機
下流にフィルターを設置して粗大粒子及び異物を濾過し
たのちペレットに成形した。(ベレット(A)とする)
一方、PET製膜工程で得られた耳部分のフィルムを粉
砕し、200℃、I Torrで7時間乾燥した。The obtained surface-treated titanium oxide was classified into coarse particles of 3μ or more using a turbo classifier manufactured by Nisshin Engineering ■, and then PET with an intrinsic viscosity (IV) of 0.65 was processed using a co-rotating twin-screw kneading extruder (automatic Company Z CM5
3/60) so that the titanium oxide content was 20% by weight. At this time, the screw rotation speed is f6
At 0 rpm, PET, titanium oxide, and PET were supplied in this order, and a vent hole was installed downstream of each supply port. I To
Vented with rr. The discharge rate was 150 kg/hour, and a filter was installed downstream of the kneading machine to filter out coarse particles and foreign matter, and then molded into pellets. (Selected as Beret (A))
On the other hand, the film of the edge portion obtained in the PET film forming process was crushed and dried at 200° C. and I Torr for 7 hours.
乾燥後IV測定用溶媒に溶解しようとしたところ、大部
分が溶解せず固体のままだった。得られた乾燥ずみ粉砕
物とIVo、65のPETチップを重量比で30対70
で混合し、異方向回転式二軸混練押出機(日本製鋼所■
TEX65)に供給し混練した。供給口下流にはベント
ロを設け、0.I Torrでベントした。吐出量は2
00Kg/時で混練後フィルターを通したのちペレット
に成形した。(ベレット(B)とする)
ペレット(A)及び(B)を各々押出機に供給し、共押
出しダイにより酸化チタン含有層が220μm5PET
層が1500μmになるように二層共押出しして未配向
シートを得た。After drying, when an attempt was made to dissolve it in a solvent for IV measurement, most of it did not dissolve and remained solid. The obtained dried pulverized product and IVo, 65 PET chips were mixed in a weight ratio of 30:70.
Mix in a twin-screw kneading extruder (Japan Steel Works ■) that rotates in different directions.
TEX65) and kneaded. A ventro is provided downstream of the supply port, and 0. Vented at I Torr. The discharge amount is 2
After kneading at 00 kg/hour, the mixture was passed through a filter and formed into pellets. (referred to as pellet (B)) Pellets (A) and (B) are each supplied to an extruder, and a titanium oxide-containing layer is formed into a 220 μm 5PET by a coextrusion die.
An unoriented sheet was obtained by coextruding two layers to a thickness of 1500 μm.
次にこのシートを縦方向に95℃で35倍、ついで横方
向に105℃で30倍延伸した後210°Cで熱固定し
、ついで150℃の中間ゾーンで横方向に2%の弛緩処
理を施した後室温まで冷却し巻取った。Next, this sheet was stretched 35 times in the machine direction at 95°C, then 30 times in the transverse direction at 105°C, heat-set at 210°C, and then relaxed 2% in the transverse direction at 150°C in the middle zone. After applying the coating, it was cooled to room temperature and rolled up.
得られた二軸延伸フィルムは厚み160μm、透過率5
%、比重10の白色不透明フィルムだった(フィルムA
)。The obtained biaxially stretched film has a thickness of 160 μm and a transmittance of 5.
%, a white opaque film with a specific gravity of 10 (Film A
).
このフィルムへの酸化チタン含有層側にスチレン−ブタ
ジェン−無水マレイン酸の三元共重合体からなる下引層
を塗布した後コロナ放電し、この上に通常カラー写真印
画紙に用いられているゼラチン−ハロゲン化銀写真乳剤
を乾燥膜厚が15μmになるように塗設し、ハロゲン化
銀写真感光材料試料を作製した。After applying a subbing layer consisting of a terpolymer of styrene-butadiene-maleic anhydride to the titanium oxide-containing layer side of the film, corona discharge was applied, and gelatin, which is normally used in color photographic paper, was applied on top of this. - A silver halide photographic light-sensitive material sample was prepared by applying a silver halide photographic emulsion to a dry film thickness of 15 μm.
得られた試料の白色度、解像力、光沢度及び突起状欠点
を下記のようにして測定し、評価した結果を表1に示す
。The whiteness, resolution, gloss, and protrusion defects of the obtained sample were measured as described below, and the evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
[測定法]
a五皮皇1
乳剤塗布、下引きする前の生ベースについて、カラーア
ナライザー607型(日立■製)で380〜780nm
の分光反射率を測定し、J I 5−Z−8722(1
982)に従って三刺激値を求め、さらにCIEの方法
に従ってL0値を計算し、白色度とした。[Measurement method] a Gokiou 1 The raw base before emulsion coating and undercoating was measured at 380 to 780 nm using Color Analyzer Model 607 (manufactured by Hitachi ■).
The spectral reflectance of J I 5-Z-8722 (1
The tristimulus values were determined according to 982), and the L0 value was calculated according to the CIE method, which was defined as whiteness.
肢像力皇Z
反射写真要素試料に解像力測定用密線チャートを焼き付
は露光した後、通常の方法で現像処理し、布線プリント
画像の光学的濃度差をマイクロデンシトメータPDM−
5(コニカ■製)で測定し、次式で表わされる値を解像
力とした。A density line chart for measuring resolution is printed onto a reflection photographic element sample. After exposure, it is developed in the usual way, and the optical density difference of the wire print image is measured using a microdensitometer PDM-
5 (manufactured by Konica ■), and the value expressed by the following formula was defined as the resolution.
反射写真要素試料100crrr当りの目に見える表面
突起の数を数えて次に示す基準で評価した。The number of visible surface projections per 100 crrr of reflective photographic element samples was counted and evaluated according to the following criteria.
0〜30個7100cm・・・○平面性か優れている。0 to 30 pieces 7100 cm...○Excellent flatness.
31〜100個/100crr?・−・△平面性があま
り良くない。31~100 pieces/100 crr?・−・ΔFlatness is not very good.
101個以上/100crr?・・・×平面性が悪い。101 or more/100crr? ... × Poor flatness.
0以上のレベルであれば実用上問題なく、光沢感の優れ
た反射写真要素となる。If the level is 0 or higher, there will be no practical problem, and the result will be a reflective photographic element with excellent gloss.
Δ以下のレベルでは見た目にザラザラした感しになり光
沢感に欠けるものとなる。At a level below Δ, the surface looks rough and lacks luster.
実施例2
実施例1のペレット(A)及び(B)を用いて、三層共
押出しダイを用い、ベレット(B)を用いた層を150
0μmとなるように、また該層の両側にベレット(A)
を用いた層を各々220μmとなるように共押出した以
外は実施例1と同様にフィルム成形してフィルムBを得
た。フィルムBはフィルム厚みが180μm、透過率3
%、比重11の白色フィルムであった。Example 2 Using pellets (A) and (B) of Example 1, a three-layer coextrusion die was used to form a layer with pellet (B) of 150
A pellet (A) is placed on both sides of the layer so that the thickness is 0 μm.
A film B was obtained by forming a film in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the layers using the above were coextruded so that each layer had a thickness of 220 μm. Film B has a film thickness of 180 μm and a transmittance of 3.
It was a white film with a specific gravity of 11.
得られたフィルムBに実施例1と同様にハロゲン化銀写
真乳剤を塗設してハロゲン化銀感光材料試料を作製した
。得られた試料を実施例1と同様に評価した結果を表1
に示す。A silver halide photographic emulsion was coated on the obtained film B in the same manner as in Example 1 to prepare a silver halide photosensitive material sample. Table 1 shows the results of evaluating the obtained sample in the same manner as in Example 1.
Shown below.
実施例3
実施例1においてベレット(B)を作る際に、耳部分粉
砕PETに代えてポリプロピレン樹脂(I CI社プロ
パテンP X C3391)を用いてベレット(C)を
調製した。Example 3 When making the pellet (B) in Example 1, a pellet (C) was prepared by using a polypropylene resin (Propaten P
ベレット(B)に換えて上記調製したベレット(C)を
用いた以外は、実施例2と同様にしてフィルム成形して
フィルムCを得た。A film C was obtained by forming a film in the same manner as in Example 2, except that the pellet (C) prepared above was used in place of the pellet (B).
フィルムCの厚み、透過率、比重はフィルムBと同程度
であった。The thickness, transmittance, and specific gravity of Film C were comparable to those of Film B.
得られたフィルムCに実施例1と同様にハロゲン化銀写
真乳剤を塗設してハロゲン化銀感光材料試料を作製した
。得られた試料を実施例1と同様に評価した結果を表1
に示す。A silver halide photographic emulsion was coated on the obtained film C in the same manner as in Example 1 to prepare a silver halide photosensitive material sample. Table 1 shows the results of evaluating the obtained sample in the same manner as in Example 1.
Shown below.
実施例4〜7
実施例3におけるベレット(C)の調製で用いたポリプ
ロピレン樹脂にかえてスチレン−ジビニルベンゼン共重
合体粒子(実施例4)、ポリエチレンナフタレート樹脂
(実施例5)、架橋助剤を配合して電子線照射により架
橋したポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂(実施例6)又
はトリアセチルセルロース樹脂(実施例7)を用いて、
フィルムD1フィルムE1フィルムF1フィルムGをそ
れぞれ作成した。Examples 4 to 7 Styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer particles (Example 4), polyethylene naphthalate resin (Example 5), and crosslinking aid were used in place of the polypropylene resin used in the preparation of pellet (C) in Example 3. Using polybutylene terephthalate resin (Example 6) or triacetyl cellulose resin (Example 7) that was blended with and crosslinked by electron beam irradiation,
Film D1 film E1 film F1 film G were respectively created.
得られたフィルムD−Gはいずれも厚み、透過率及び比
重はフィルムBと同程度であった。The thickness, transmittance, and specific gravity of the obtained films DG were comparable to those of the film B.
得られたフィルムD−Gの各々に実施例1と同様にハロ
ゲン化銀写真乳剤を塗設して各々ハロゲン化銀感光材料
試料を作製した。得られた試料をそれぞれ実施例1と同
様に評価した結果を表1に示す。A silver halide photographic emulsion was coated on each of the obtained films DG in the same manner as in Example 1 to prepare silver halide photosensitive material samples. The obtained samples were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 1.
実施例8
実施例1のベレット(B)の調製において、フィルムの
耳部としてフィルムBからの耳を用いた以外は実施例2
と同様にしてフィルム成形して、フィルムHを得た。従
ってフィルムHの中心層には少量の酸化チタンを含有す
ることになる。Example 8 Example 2 except that in the preparation of the pellet (B) of Example 1, the ears from film B were used as the ears of the film.
A film H was obtained by molding the film in the same manner as described above. Therefore, the center layer of film H contains a small amount of titanium oxide.
フィルムHの厚みと透過率はフィルムBとほぼ同程度で
あり、比重はわずかに大きかった。The thickness and transmittance of Film H were approximately the same as those of Film B, and the specific gravity was slightly larger.
得られたフィルムHに実施例1と同様に/SSロジン銀
写真乳剤を塗設してノ\ロゲン化銀感光材料試料を作製
した。得られた試料を実施例1と同様に評価した結果を
表1に示す。A /SS rosin silver photographic emulsion was coated on the obtained film H in the same manner as in Example 1 to prepare a silver halogenide photosensitive material sample. The obtained sample was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 1.
比較例1
平均粒子径0.3μmの硫酸バリウム粒子とIV065
のPET樹脂を硫酸バリウム含有量が20重量%になる
ように二軸混練押出機TEX65で混練し、ベレット成
形した。Comparative Example 1 Barium sulfate particles with an average particle diameter of 0.3 μm and IV065
The PET resin was kneaded using a twin-screw kneading extruder TEX65 so that the barium sulfate content was 20% by weight, and pellet molding was performed.
得られたベレットを単層押出機で厚み1900μmに押
出し、未配向シートを成形した。ついで延伸条件等を含
め実施例1と同様にしてフィルムIを得た。The obtained pellet was extruded using a single layer extruder to a thickness of 1900 μm to form an unoriented sheet. Film I was then obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 including the stretching conditions.
フィルムIは厚み180μm、透過率4%、比重は1.
3であった。Film I has a thickness of 180 μm, a transmittance of 4%, and a specific gravity of 1.
It was 3.
得られたフィルムIの一方の面に実施例1と同様にハロ
ゲン化銀写真乳剤を塗設してハロゲン化銀感光材料試料
を作製した。得られた試料を実施例1と同様に評価した
結果を表1に示す。A silver halide photographic emulsion was coated on one side of the obtained film I in the same manner as in Example 1 to prepare a silver halide photosensitive material sample. The obtained sample was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 1.
比較例2
酸化チタンに換えて、平均粒子径06μmの炭酸カルシ
ウムを用いた以外は実施例2と同様にしてフィルムJを
得た。Comparative Example 2 Film J was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2, except that calcium carbonate having an average particle size of 06 μm was used instead of titanium oxide.
フィルムJの厚み、透過率はフィルムBとほぼ同程度で
あり、比重はわずかに小さかった。The thickness and transmittance of Film J were approximately the same as those of Film B, and the specific gravity was slightly smaller.
得られたフィルムJの一方の面に実施例1と同様にハロ
ゲン化銀写真乳剤を塗設してハロゲン化銀感光材料試料
を作製した。得られた試料を実施例1と同様に評価した
結果を表1に示す。A silver halide photographic emulsion was coated on one side of the obtained film J in the same manner as in Example 1 to prepare a silver halide photosensitive material sample. The obtained sample was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 1.
比較例3
比較例1のベレットにかえてベレット(A)を用い、比
較例1と同様にしてフィルム成形してフィルムKを得た
。ただし、未延伸シート厚みを1400Atmとし、延
伸倍率を縦2.6倍、横30倍とした。Comparative Example 3 A film K was obtained by forming a film in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, using the pellet (A) instead of the pellet in Comparative Example 1. However, the unstretched sheet thickness was 1400 Atm, and the stretching ratio was 2.6 times in length and 30 times in width.
フィルムにの厚み、透過率はフィルムBとほぼ同程度で
あり、比重は15だった。The thickness and transmittance of the film were almost the same as those of film B, and the specific gravity was 15.
得られたフィルムKに実施例1と同様にハロゲン化銀写
真乳剤を塗設してハロゲン化銀感光材料試料を作製した
。得られた試料を実施例1と同様に評価した結果を表1
に示す。A silver halide photographic emulsion was coated on the obtained film K in the same manner as in Example 1 to prepare a silver halide photosensitive material sample. Table 1 shows the results of evaluating the obtained sample in the same manner as in Example 1.
Shown below.
表1から明らかなように、フィルムA−Hのいずれかを
支持体として用いた本発明の感光材料試料は、いずれも
白色度、鮮鋭性及び光沢のすべてにおいて優れており、
しかも重さが適当で水に浮くこともなく、多数枚同時に
運搬可能であり、取扱い性が良好であった。As is clear from Table 1, all of the light-sensitive material samples of the present invention using any of Films A to H as a support were excellent in whiteness, sharpness, and gloss.
In addition, the weight was appropriate, they did not float on water, many sheets could be transported at the same time, and they were easy to handle.
これに対しフィルムI及びJを支持体として用いた試料
は鮮鋭性が悪く、特にフィルムJを用いたものは表面層
に発生するボイドのため表面が平滑にならず光沢感が全
くないプリントとなった。On the other hand, samples using films I and J as supports had poor sharpness, and in particular, those using film J did not have a smooth surface due to voids generated in the surface layer, resulting in prints with no gloss. Ta.
また、フィルムKを用いた試料は比重が大きく重いため
、穴を開けて吊るした場合破れてしまったり、多数枚同
時に取扱う際の取扱い性に劣っていた。In addition, since the samples using Film K had a large specific gravity and were heavy, they tended to tear when hung after making a hole, and were poor in handling when handling a large number of sheets at the same time.
[発明の効果コ
以上、詳細に説明したように本発明により、白色プラス
チックフィルム支持体を有するハロゲン化銀写真感光材
料において、白色度、鮮鋭性及び光沢感に優れ、かつ実
用上適度な重量を有するハロゲン化銀写真感光材料を提
供することができる。[Effects of the Invention] As explained in detail above, the present invention provides a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material having a white plastic film support that has excellent whiteness, sharpness and gloss, and has a weight that is appropriate for practical use. It is possible to provide a silver halide photographic material having the following.
Claims (2)
写真乳剤層を塗設した感光材料であって、前記白色プラ
スチックフィルム支持体が酸化チタン含有層及びボイド
形成性ポリマー含有層を含む二層以上の積層構造を有す
る二軸延伸ポリエステルフィルムからなることを特徴と
するハロゲン化銀写真感光材料。(1) A photosensitive material in which a silver halide photographic emulsion layer is coated on a white plastic film support, wherein the white plastic film support is a laminate of two or more layers including a titanium oxide-containing layer and a void-forming polymer-containing layer. A silver halide photographic material comprising a biaxially stretched polyester film having a structure.
持体において酸化チタン含有層がハロゲン化銀写真乳剤
層を塗設する面側の最表層である請求項(1)記載のハ
ロゲン化銀写真感光材料。(2) The silver halide photographic photosensitive material according to claim (1), wherein the titanium oxide-containing layer is the outermost layer on the side on which the silver halide photographic emulsion layer is coated in the white plastic film support according to claim (1). material.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP11909790A JPH0415640A (en) | 1990-05-09 | 1990-05-09 | Silver halide photographic sensitive material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP11909790A JPH0415640A (en) | 1990-05-09 | 1990-05-09 | Silver halide photographic sensitive material |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH0415640A true JPH0415640A (en) | 1992-01-21 |
Family
ID=14752832
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP11909790A Pending JPH0415640A (en) | 1990-05-09 | 1990-05-09 | Silver halide photographic sensitive material |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH0415640A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008303232A (en) * | 2007-06-05 | 2008-12-18 | Mitsubishi Plastics Inc | Polyester film |
-
1990
- 1990-05-09 JP JP11909790A patent/JPH0415640A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008303232A (en) * | 2007-06-05 | 2008-12-18 | Mitsubishi Plastics Inc | Polyester film |
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