JPH0415063B2 - - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Application Field) The present invention provides a method for continuously polishing materials to be polished, such as round bars, wires, strips, and square steel, using ferromagnetic abrasive grains. Regarding.

(Prior art and its problems) Traditionally, local industries and wire manufacturers have carried out acid treatment to remove the oxide film formed on the surface of wire rods, but it costs a lot of money to process the acid treatment waste liquid. Although it requires expense and equipment and requires careful management, the current situation is that it is difficult to dispose of the sludge. Therefore, emphasis has gradually shifted from such wet processing to dry processing, which physically removes the oxide film on the surface of the wire, as described below, but the following drawbacks remain. That is, there are methods in which foil brushes are arranged above and below or on the left and right sides of the pass line 2 of the material to be polished 1, and the surface is polished by forcing the material to be polished to pass between the rotating foil brushes, and a method in which the surface is polished by forcing the material to be polished to pass between the rotating foil brushes. Path line 2 that crosses
There is a method in which the material 1 to be polished is passed through the material 1 and abrasive powder is sprayed at high pressure onto the material 1 in a closed chamber.
In the former case, the polishing resistance of the foil brush is large and excessive power is required to pass the material 1 to be polished over the pass line 2, and the polishing force is weak, so the foil brush is required in multiple stages. There were some drawbacks, including the fact that polishing could not be done accurately. In the latter case, since the abrasive powder is sprayed onto the material to be polished under high pressure, the position of the material to be polished 1 may shift due to vibrations, etc., and the spray angle may change, so accurate polishing cannot be expected. There is. This tendency is particularly strong in the case of thin wires. In addition, high-pressure spraying of abrasive powder has the disadvantage of producing large impact noises and causing noise pollution.

(Object of the invention) The present invention has been made in view of the conventional example,
The first purpose is to provide a polishing method using ferromagnetic abrasive grains that requires only a small amount of power for the material to be polished to pass over the pass line and can perform complete polishing. the second of
The object of the present invention is to provide a polishing method using ferromagnetic abrasive grains that can demagnetize magnetized ferromagnetic abrasive grains and a material to be polished, and can prevent the ferromagnetic abrasive grains from adhering to the material to be polished.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the method of the present invention provides an electromagnetic rotating body 3 whose outer periphery is divided into a large number of magnetic domains 7 and in which mutually adjacent magnetic domains 7 are excited with different polarities. are arranged in a staggered manner above and below the pass line 2 of the material to be polished 1, and the ferromagnetic abrasive grains 5 are magnetically attached to the rotary polishing surface of the electromagnetic rotating body 3 in contact with the pass line 2 to form the polishing layer 6. The surface of the material to be polished 1 that is laminated and passes on the pass line 2 is polished by the polishing layer 6 of the rotating electromagnetic rotating body 3, and the excitation coil 17 is built in the electromagnetic rotating body 3 and excites the magnetic domain 7. The magnetic pole of each magnetic domain 7 is switched by changing the direction of energization as it rotates, thereby demagnetizing the material to be polished 1 and the ferromagnetic abrasive grains 5.

; adopts technical means.

(Function) The material to be polished 1 is passed through the pass line 2, transported in one direction at a constant speed, and poured into the electromagnetic rotating body 3 that rotates the ferromagnetic abrasive grains 5, so that the material is strongly applied to the rotating polishing surface 4 of the electromagnetic rotating body 3. Magnetic abrasive grains 5 are stacked to form an abrasive layer 6.

The material to be polished 1 that can be transported in one direction by this polishing layer 6
The magnetic domains 7 provided on the outer periphery of the electromagnetic rotating body 3 have opposite magnetic poles to each other, and during rotation, the current direction of the excitation coil 17 changes for a predetermined period of time ( (switches in a very short time), and as a result, each magnetic domain 7
For example, the ferromagnetic abrasive grains 5 magnetized in the "N" magnetic domain 7 will have their magnetic poles switched to "S" in the next moment, and the magnetic domain 7 will be reversed. This is to cancel the polarity of the magnetic abrasive grains 5 and demagnetize them.

Further, the material to be polished 1 is fed in one direction (to the right in FIG. 1) at a predetermined speed, but in the embodiment shown, it first contacts the lower electromagnetic rotating body 3 and its lower half is polished. At the same time, the corresponding part of the material to be polished 1 is momentarily excited to the different polarity "S" by the "N" magnetic domain 7 of the electromagnetic rotating body 3, but due to the rotation of the electromagnetic rotating body 3, the following Instantly, the magnetic domain 7 of the next adjacent "S" and the excitation part "S" almost coincide, and the excitation part "S" of the material to be polished 1 is canceled out, and the material to be polished 1
The magnetized part of is demagnetized.

In this way, while performing surface polishing, the material to be polished 1 and the ferromagnetic abrasive grains 5 are demagnetized to prevent the ferromagnetic abrasive grains 5 from adhering to the material to be polished 1.

Note that the electromagnetic rotating body 3 is connected to the pass line 2 of the material to be polished 1.
Since the magnets are arranged in a staggered manner above and below, they do not interfere with each other, and the magnetizing and demagnetizing effects described above are reliably performed.

(Example) Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail according to illustrated embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a front view of one embodiment of the polishing apparatus according to the present invention, in which a pair of electromagnetic rotating bodies 3 are arranged above and below a pass line 2 passing through the center. The cross section of the electromagnetic rotating body 3 has a structure as shown in Figure 3.
One end of a stainless steel shaft 13 is inserted through the center of the box, and the other end is inserted into a dustproof box 14, supported by a bearing 15, and rotated by a variable speed motor (not shown). It's becoming like that. Shaft 1 inside dustproof box 14
A current collector 16 is attached to the electromagnetic rotating body 3 to supply power to an excitation coil 17 provided within the electromagnetic rotating body 3. (+) (-) power supply brushes 18 are in sliding contact with the current collector 16, and the (+) and (-) are switched over after a predetermined period of time during rotation. The above-mentioned excitation coil 17 is arranged around one end of the shaft 13, and an aluminum cylinder 19 is fitted around the outer periphery of the excitation coil 17.
Furthermore, a magnetic cylinder 20 made of iron is fitted into the outer periphery of the cylinder 19. Iron side plates 21 are stretched on both sides of the electromagnetic rotating body 3. Here, the structure of the first embodiment of the magnetic cylinder 20 will be described in detail. As can be seen from FIG. 20b, and a copper ring 22 extending from the rotating polished surface 4 of the magnetic cylinder 20 to the aluminum cylinder is connected to the magnetic half body 2.
It is fitted between 0a and 20b. Furthermore, the fourth
As can be seen from the figure, the left and right magnetic halves 20a, 20
In order to divide b into a large number of magnetic domains 7, a copper dividing plate 23 is placed perpendicularly to the ring 22 in the magnetic halves 20a, 20.
b, and the portion surrounded by the ring 22 and the partition plate 23 becomes the magnetic domain 7. As shown in FIG. 4, the dividing plate 23 is fitted in such a manner that the left and right magnetic halves 20a and 20b are fitted in a staggered manner, and the depth of insertion is determined by the magnetic field, as shown in FIG. It is approximately half the thickness of the bonded halves 20a and 20b, and the adjacent magnetic domains 7 are alternately magnetized to north and south poles when the excitation coil 17 is energized. A polishing groove 12 matching the shape of the material to be polished 1 is formed on the entire outer circumferential surface of the magnetized cylinder 20. In the case of FIGS. 3 and 4, since the material to be polished 1 is a round bar, the polishing grooves 12 has a semicircular cross section. If the material to be polished 1 is a flat plate, the polishing grooves 12 are not required. As shown in FIG. 1, two pairs of electromagnetic rotating bodies 3 configured in this manner are arranged in a staggered manner above and below the pass line 2 of the material to be polished 1.

The ferromagnetic abrasive grains 5 used in the present invention are, for example, high-hardness grains with sharp edges obtained by crushing melted and cast metal grains in an electric furnace, cupola, or other suitable furnace, or are heat-treated. It has high hardness and toughness. They are usually referred to as cast iron grit or cast steel grit, but of course they are not limited to these, and include anything that has strong abrasive power and is magnetically attached, as well as abrasive materials such as carborundum, white random, Clean carbon or carbon alundum) may be mixed in to improve the polishing power. A crushed grain supply box 8 is disposed above the electromagnetic rotor 3, and a crushed grain supply tube 9 made of plastic protrudes from the bottom of the box 8, and the ferromagnetic abrasive crushed grains 5 are continuously poured into the electromagnetic rotor 3. It's becoming like that.
A mortar-shaped grain collection box 10 is arranged below the electromagnetic rotating body 3, and the ferromagnetic abrasive grains 5 thrown off during polishing are collected in the grain collection box 10. The collected ferromagnetic abrasive grains 5 are put into a hopper, which is a conveying means 11 provided at the back of the main body of the apparatus, are carried upwards, and are again thrown into the crushed grain supply box 8. 24 is connected to a dust collector (not shown) through an exhaust hole,
This is to discharge and dispose of fine dust generated during polishing. Note that the crushed grain supply box 8 is supported by an anti-vibration spring 25. Inlet 26 and outlet 2 of the device body
Guide rollers 2 are placed above and below the pass line 2 near 7.
8 is placed.

The material to be polished 1 is then passed through the pass line 2 and transported in one direction at a constant speed. At the same time, ferromagnetic abrasive granules 5 are poured into the rotating electromagnetic rotating body 3 through the granular supply cylinder 9, and the ferromagnetic abrasive granules 5 are laminated on the rotating polishing surface 4 of the electromagnetic rotating body 3 to form an abrasive layer 6.
This polishing layer 6 polishes the surface of the material to be polished 1.
The electromagnetic rotating body 3 is controlled to an optimum rotational speed by a variable speed motor depending on the type of material 1 to be polished. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the electromagnetic rotating body 3 normally rotates in a direction opposite to the direction in which the material to be polished 1 moves.
Adjacent magnetic domains 7 provided in the electromagnetic rotating body 3 have opposite magnetic poles, and when the current direction of the excitation coil 17 is switched over a predetermined period of time (switches in a very short time) during rotation, As a result, the magnetic poles of each magnetic domain 7 are reversed.
Further, the material to be polished 1 is fed in one direction (to the right in FIG. 1) at a predetermined speed, but in the embodiment shown, it first contacts the lower electromagnetic rotating body 3 and its lower half is polished. be done. At this time, the corresponding part of the material to be polished 1 is momentarily excited by the magnetic domain 7 of "N" of the electromagnetic rotating body 3 to a different polarity, ie, "S", but due to the rotation of the electromagnetic rotating body 3, the next magnetization occurs. At an instant, the magnetic domain 7 of the next adjacent "S" and the excitation part "S" almost coincide with each other, and the material to be polished 1
The excitation portion "S" of is canceled out, and the magnetized portion of the material to be polished 1 is demagnetized.

Further, the laminated ferromagnetic abrasive grains 5 on the rotary abrasive surface 4
Demagnetization is performed by switching the magnetic pole of the magnetic domain 7 by switching the current direction of the excitation coil 17, and the material to be polished 1 and the ferromagnetic abrasive grains 5 are demagnetized by the above method, and the ferromagnetism is transferred to the material to be polished 1. This prevents the adhesion of the grinding particles 5 to the body.

Note that if the electromagnetic rotating bodies 3 are placed one above the other via the pass line 2, they will interfere with each other and magnetization and demagnetization cannot be performed reliably, but the electromagnetic rotating bodies 3
By arranging them in a staggered manner above and below the pass line 2 of the material to be polished, they do not interfere with each other independently, and the above-mentioned magnetizing and demagnetizing effects are reliably performed.

Further, as another embodiment of the electromagnetic rotating body 3, permanent magnets and electromagnets may be used in combination, as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B. That is, an aluminum cylinder 19 is fitted around the outer periphery of the excitation coil 17. Cylinder 19
A ring 22 is fitted in the center of the outer periphery of the
Permanent magnet rings 30 are fitted on both sides of the ring 22, and an electromagnetic ring 31 made of a ferromagnetic material such as iron is fitted on the outermost side.
Iron side plates 21 are stretched on both sides.
(Of course, the permanent magnet ring 30 and the electromagnetic ring 31 may be arranged in reverse.) In this case, the electromagnetic ring 3 provided on the electromagnetic rotating body 3
1 is momentarily magnetized by the excitation coil 17,
As shown in Figure 6 (B) (N) (S) (N) (S)...(N)
When the magnetic poles are aligned in the forward direction (S), (N), and (S), the magnetic field is strengthened in cooperation with the permanent magnet ring 30, and the ferromagnetic abrasive material 5 is magnetically attached. The next moment, excitation coil 17
The direction of the current flowing through becomes opposite, and the polarity of the electromagnetic ring 31 and the permanent permanent magnet ring 30 becomes (S) (N) (N) (S)...(N) (S) (S) (N)
They are in opposite directions, canceling out their magnetic forces and demagnetizing each other. This operation is repeated instantaneously to prevent the ferromagnetic abrasive material 5 from adhering to the material 1 to be polished. Note that if only the electromagnetic ring 31 is used without using the permanent magnet ring 30, an extra amount of electric power is required for the permanent magnet ring 30.

(Effects) As described above, the present invention uses an electromagnetic rotating body whose outer periphery is divided into a large number of magnetic domains and whose mutually adjacent magnetic domains are excited with different polarities in a staggered manner above and below the pass line of the material to be polished. At least one pair of electromagnetic rotors are arranged on the rotary polishing surface of the electromagnetic rotating body in contact with the pass line, and ferromagnetic abrasive grains are magnetically attached to the rotating polishing surface of the electromagnetic rotary body to form an abrasive layer. Since polishing is carried out using the abrasive layer of the rotating body, only the magnetically attached abrasive layer comes into direct contact with the material to be polished, and does not come into contact with the solid electromagnetic rotating body. It has the advantage that no power is required to transport the material, and since the granular ferromagnetic abrasive grains are magnetically attached and stacked on a solid abrasive rotating body, a steady abrasive layer can be formed, and there is no need to worry about the instability of high-pressure spraying. It is possible to obtain an accurate and beautiful polished surface without any specificity, and since the ferromagnetic abrasive grains are magnetically attached to the polishing rotor and polished, the ferromagnetic abrasive grains are removed during polishing. It also has the advantage of being less likely to scatter, causing no noise like high-pressure spraying, and contributing to improving the factory environment. Further, by arranging the electromagnetic rotating bodies in a staggered manner through the pass lines, they do not interfere with each other independently, and the magnetizing and demagnetizing effects are reliably performed.

Furthermore, since the direction of energization of the excitation coil, which is built into the electromagnetic rotating body and excites the magnetic domains, is switched as the magnetic domain rotates to switch the magnetic poles of each magnetic domain, the ferromagnetic abrasive grains magnetically attached to the electromagnetic rotating body are The ferromagnetic abrasive grains themselves are demagnetized because they are alternately excited with "N", "S", "N"... The energized part of the material is also demagnetized by the rotation of the electromagnetic rotating body as it comes close to the next adjacent magnetic domain of different polarity, and as a result, the scattered ferromagnetic abrasive particles are attached to the surface of the material to be polished or inside the equipment. without wearing it,
Another advantage is that the material to be polished can be pulled out of the polishing device in a clean state, and the inside of the device can be cleaned easily.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a side view of an embodiment of the invention, Fig. 3 is a sectional view of an embodiment of the electromagnetic rotating body of the invention, and Fig. 4 is a sectional view of an embodiment of the electromagnetic rotating body of the invention. 3 is a side view, FIG. 5 is a front view of FIG. 3, FIG. 6A is a sectional view of another embodiment of the electromagnetic rotating body of the present invention, and FIG. A front view of another embodiment,
FIG. 6C is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. FIG. 1 is an abrasive material, 2 is a pass line, 3 is an electromagnetic rotating body, 4 is a rotating polishing surface, 5 is a ferromagnetic abrasive grain, 6 is an abrasive layer, 7 is a magnetic domain, 8 is a crushed grain supply box, 9 is a crushed grain supply cylinder , 10 is a grain collecting box, 11 is a conveying means, and 12 is a polishing groove.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. One or more pairs of electromagnetic rotating bodies whose outer periphery is divided into a large number of magnetic domains and whose mutually adjacent magnetic domains are excited with different polarities are arranged in a staggered manner above and below the pass line of the material to be polished. , ferromagnetic abrasive grains are magnetically attached to the rotating polishing surface of an electromagnetic rotating body in contact with the pass line to form an abrasive layer, and the surface of the material to be polished passing on the pass line is polished by the polishing layer of the rotating electromagnetic rotating body. The magnetic pole of each magnetic domain is switched by switching the direction of energization to an excitation coil built in an electromagnetic rotating body and excitation of the magnetic domains as the magnetic domain rotates, thereby demagnetizing the material to be polished and the ferromagnetic abrasive grains. A polishing method using ferromagnetic abrasive grains. 2. A method using ferromagnetic abrasive grains according to claim 1, characterized in that a polishing groove approximately equal to half of the cross section of the material to be polished is provided on the entire circumference of the rotary polishing surface of the electromagnetic rotating body. Method.