JPH04146394A - Integrated cone mirror for pit wall observation and vertically movable probe using same - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To permit concurrent photographic operation for all peripheral side of cone mirror in the radius direction by a method in which incoming light through the side of a round columnar block is directed to the end face of the round columnar block and a camera such as television camera is set on the front side. CONSTITUTION:A transparent window is formed on the whole periphery of partial side of a cylindrical probe vertically moving in a bored pit and an integration-type cone mirror is set inside. The conical block 2 of the mirror is made of a transparent substance and the conical face 1 is subjected to a mirror-face processing. A round columnar block 4 having a recessed form matching the projected form of the block 2 is also made of a transparent substance and the side and end faces 5 and 6 are subjected to a mirror-face processing. Incoming light from the transparent window goes straightly, collides with the conical face, and all reflects according to the inclined angle of the conical face. The reflected light goes through the end face 6 of the block 4. The whole periphery in the radius direction can be photographed by camera set on the front side. The soil and damage on the cone mirror face can be completely prevented, and all periphery at a given depth of the pit wall can be shown at real time on a ground monitor.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention is a sonde installed inside a borehole that moves up and down inside the borehole in order to observe the wall surface of the borehole, and which measures the entire circumference of the borehole wall at a given depth at once. The present invention relates to an integrated cone mirror for observation, and an elevating sonde equipped with the cone mirror.

[Conventional technology]

In geological surveys, it is necessary to know the continuous state of the direction of surface elements such as joint surfaces and crack surfaces. For this reason, the above-mentioned geological surveys have conventionally used a system in which a sonde is raised and lowered into a hole excavated by boring, and a borehole television camera is installed inside the sonde to allow direct observation of the hole wall. However, the hole wall is 45
With the sonde with a built-in borehole camera, which images images using a plane mirror tilted at an angle of .degree., it is difficult to know the ground condition of the entire hole because the range that can be photographed is limited to .degree.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 13, a transparent window ttS is formed on the entire circumference of a part of the side wall of the cylindrical elevating sonde a4, and a peephole (41) is formed in the center of the transparent window ttS to penetrate in the axial direction. A tunnel-shaped cone mirror (42) consisting of a truncated cone block whose conical side surface is mirror-finished by plating or the like.
is attached so as to reflect in the axial direction the incident light from the entire circumference of the borehole wall that enters through the transparent window ttS,
A magnetic needle compass (α) is provided below the cone mirror (42) on its axis, and the reflected light and the peephole (41) are provided above the cone mirror (42) to pass through the compass (
2) A device was developed that was equipped with a television camera (to) to take pictures.

However, in the apparatus shown in FIG. 13, it was difficult to maintain the cone mirror in particular.

For this reason, as shown in FIG. 14, the lower cone aO at the tip of the sonde is used as a support for the tunnel-shaped cone mirror (42), and the lower cone tIe is configured to be removably attached to the sonde. Although improved versions that are easier to remove from the probe are also in use, all of the probes mentioned above had the following interlayers.

■Since the conical mirror surface of the cone mirror is exposed, it is easy to get dirt and scratches on it.

■Since the TV camera and mirror are separate, it takes time to align and focus the two.

■Since the cone mirror is located in a position where it gets cold easily, condensation tends to form on the conical mirror surface.

[Means to solve the problem]

In view of this, as a result of various studies, the present invention has developed a cone mirror that eliminates dirt and the like on the conical mirror surface, and also provides an elevating sonde that facilitates maintenance of the device using this developed mirror.

That is, the integrated cone mirror of the present invention is installed inside a transparent window formed around the entire circumference of a part of the side surface of a cylindrical sonde that is supported from the ground and moves up and down inside a borehole. In a cone mirror having a conical mirror surface that reflects incident light from the entire circumference of the borehole wall in the axial direction of the sonde, a transparent truncated conical block with a polished surface is attached to the axis of a transparent cylindrical block with a polished surface. It is fitted into a recess or through hole of the same shape as the truncated conical block formed coaxially in the direction, and that the conical surface in close contact with the recess or through hole of the truncated conical block and the cylindrical block is a mirror surface. This is a characteristic feature.

Furthermore, in the integrated cone mirror of the present invention, the lower end surface of the truncated conical block has an inner diameter that is approximately the same as the upper end surface of the truncated conical block, and one end opening surface is The ring member is closed with a transparent or translucent cover and has a rollable ball housed in its inner diameter, and the other end surface of the ring member is attached so that its center axis coincides with the center axis of the truncated conical block. That is.

Further, the borehole wall observation sonde of the present invention includes a cylindrical sonde that is supported from the ground and moves up and down inside the borehole, and a surface that is installed inside a transparent window formed around the whole circumference of a part of the side surface of the sonde. A transparent truncated conical block with a polished surface is fitted into a recess or through hole of the same shape as the truncated conical block formed coaxially in the axial direction of a transparent cylindrical block with a polished surface, and an integrated cone mirror that forms a closely spaced conical surface of the concave portion or through hole of the truncated conical block and the cylindrical block into a mirror surface and reflects incident light from the entire circumference of the borehole wall that enters through the transparent window portion in the axial direction; The present invention is characterized in that a photographing device is provided inside the sonde and photographs the reflected light, and furthermore, the photographing device and the integrated cone mirror are integrally attached.

Furthermore, one of the other sondes of the present invention is such that, in the sonde, the lower end surface of the truncated conical block of the integrated cone mirror has an inner diameter approximately the same as the upper end surface of the truncated conical block, and one end opening surface. is characterized in that the other end surface of the ring member is closed with a transparent or semi-transparent cover and houses a freely rolling ball in its inner diameter, and is attached such that its center axis coincides with the center axis of the truncated conical block. That is.

[Effect]

The integrated cone mirror of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 1(a) and (b), for example.
As shown in , a truncated cone block (
2) is fitted into the recess (3) of a cylindrical block (4) made of a transparent material and provided with a recess (3) having the same shape as the convex shape of the truncated cone block (2). . At this time, mirror finishing is performed on the conical surface (
2), but the truncated cone-shaped recess (
3) may be a conical surface.

In such an integrated cone mirror of the present invention, the cylindrical block side surface (5) and the end surface (6) are polished, so that the cylindrical block side surface (5) is polished from the radial direction of the mirror.
) The light incident through the cylindrical block travels straight and hits the conical surface, which is the mirror surface, and is totally reflected according to the inclination angle of the conical surface, and the reflected light travels through the end surface (6) of the cylindrical block. Therefore, by placing a photographing device such as a television camera in front of this reflected light, it is possible to simultaneously photograph the entire circumference of the cone mirror in the radial direction.

Furthermore, according to the cone mirror of the present invention, since the cone mirror surface exists inside the integrated cone mirror body block, it is possible to completely prevent dirt and scratches on the mirror surface. can.

Further, according to the integrated cone mirror of the present invention, by using the end face (6) and side face (5) of the cylindrical block (4), the cone mirror can be integrated with a photographing device installed above the cone mirror. It is possible to install it. By configuring the photographing device and the cone mirror integrally in this manner, the cone mirror can be easily removed from the sonde at the same time as the photographing device is removed from the sonde, which has the advantage of facilitating maintenance of the cone mirror. Furthermore, if the photographing device and this integrated cone mirror are assembled coaxially and integrally in advance, there is an effect that the effort of aligning the axes of the two and adjusting the focus for each operation can be saved.

In this case, for example, if the outer circumference of the cylindrical block end face (6) is attached to the part (7) as shown in Figure 1, if the angle of the conical surface of the cone mirror is selected appropriately, it will form a conical shape as shown in the figure. The entire field of view of the hole wall reflected by the surface can be captured by an imaging device installed above. Also, the above installation is part (
Instead of 7), as shown in FIG. 1, for example, the outer periphery of the upper end of the side surface (5) of the cylindrical block may be used as the attachment part (7'').

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 2, the upper end surface (
9), one end surface of a ring member (2) having an inner diameter substantially the same as The reason why the central axis of the truncated conical block (2) is aligned with that of the truncated conical block (2) is to allow the ball I made of steel, colored glass, etc. to function as an inclinometer.

That is, if such a ball inclinometer is configured, when the sonde descends through the oblique hole, the ball I can be kept constant by aligning the axial directions of the sonde and the integrated cone mirror. It will be biased in that direction. The movement position of the ball I is constantly determined by a photographing device installed above the cone mirror through a light transmission path (range A in the figure) formed along the central axis of the upper end surface (9) of the truncated cone block. can be observed. Therefore, the above cover aIJ
If it is made transparent, by installing a magnetic compass below it, the direction can be photographed at the same time with a photographing device as in the past. With this configuration, even if the magnetic needle is tilted in the case of the oblique hole and the direction cannot be confirmed by the photographing device, the ball I will allow you to move from that position vertically downward in the hole. The direction can be known, and the direction of the photographing device can be controlled based on this direction.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3, the integrated cone mirror of the present invention is a cylindrical block (4') in which a truncated conical block (2) is formed with a truncated conical through hole α3 having the same shape as the truncated conical block (2). It also includes a structure in which the material is fitted into the material.

〔Example〕

Next, one embodiment of the present invention will be described.

<Example I> As shown in Fig. 4, a part of the side wall of the circular elevating sonde α fathom is covered with a transparent window Q! 9, and a lamp OT with a built-in battery inside the lower tip cone aO.
) was installed with a magnetic compass (2) that was always illuminated.

In addition, in the upper part of the sonde I, an integrated cone mirror with a ball inclinometer shown in FIG.
A housing (21) in which a television camera circle was fixed on the inside was installed coaxially with the central axis of the housing (21), and a rotation drive device (22) of the housing (21) was installed above the housing (21).

This television camera (2) can display the entire circumference of the hole wall at a predetermined depth on a monitor on the ground in real time, so while checking the direction with the magnetic needle of the compass shown on this camera, the rotary drive device (22) ), it is possible to keep the monitor screen fixed in a fixed direction at all times for observation. Furthermore, even when a real image of the entire circumference of the hole wall is recorded as an expanded image, an image with a fixed orientation can be obtained, which is convenient for subsequent analysis.

Furthermore, in the sonde (2) in Fig. 4, the housing (2)
The integrated cone mirror α Yu integrated with 1) is placed at the position of the transparent window α9, but a light source for illuminating the hole wall ( 23> were provided in a plurality in the circumferential direction.

In order to prevent the light from this light source (23) from directly entering the TV camera screen, the lower part of the housing (21) is located above the light source (23).
In contrast to 23), it is made of a light-shielding material and serves also as a light-shielding hood (24). As described above, since the integrated cone mirror α9 of the present invention is installed inside the light-shielding hood (24) heated by the hole wall irradiation light source (23), dew condensation on the glass surface can be prevented.

In this example, an integrated cone mirror α941 was manufactured as follows. That is, as shown in Fig. 5, the entire circumference of the conical surface (1) of a glass truncated conical block (2) was mirror-finished by vapor deposition plating, and the upper end surface (9) and lower end surface (8) were polished. . Next, as a glass cylindrical block into which this truncated conical block (2) is fitted, a cylindrical block (4) having a truncated conical through hole a3 formed in the center as shown in FIG.
) and a flat glass cap part (25) shown in FIG. 7 which is in close contact with the upper surface. Note that the symbols in the figure indicate polished surfaces.

<Example 2> As shown in Fig. 8, a transparent glass truncated cone block (2) whose conical surface has been mirror-finished is replaced with a transparent glass cylinder having a concave portion (3) having the same shape as the truncated cone shape. The ball I was fitted into the concave portion of the block (4), and one end surface of the truncated conical block's lower end surface (8) was closed with a white semi-transparent cover (26), inside which the ball I was stored in a freely rolling manner. The ring member (2) was attached. Further, the cylindrical block (4) was fitted onto one end of a transparent glass cylinder (27) to form an integrated cone mirror (19').

When using such a cone mirror (19'), as shown in FIG. is an integrated elevating sonde with a lower cone aO (28)
Configure. Inside this sonde (28), a light source (23°) for irradiating the borehole wall that illuminates the entire circumference of the external borehole wall is installed at the bottom, and a television camera for photographing (to) is installed at the top.

In addition, in the integrated cone mirror (19') mentioned above, the surface on which the ball rolls is white and semi-transparent.If it is transparent, the light from the hole wall illumination light source (23°) will be directed directly to the camera (towards the camera). ), making it impossible to capture the all-around image of the hole wall. Therefore, if the cover is white and translucent as described above, the light from the light source (23') will be weakened and the ball (
II) will be photographed as a black shadow. According to the sonde (28), the integrated cone mirror (19°) is integrated with the side surface of the sonde (28), which has the advantage of simplifying the overall structure and reducing the outer diameter of the sonde itself.

Although this sonde (28) is not equipped with a compass, for example, a guide rod may be inserted into one side of the diagonal hole.
By lowering the sonde (28) along this rod in a fixed direction, an image of the entire circumference of the hole wall can be taken in a fixed direction.

Alternatively, fixed azimuth photography is possible using the method shown below. That is, as shown in FIG.
8) At the upper end of the long round bar, there is a concave groove (29
) are connected to the lower ends of the long rods (30) so as not to rotate with each other, and the cables (31
) passes through the groove (29) and extends upward.

Further, as shown in FIG. 11, a medium convex guide roller (33) having a convex portion (32) that engages with the concave groove (29) of the long rod (30) is supported upward by a fixed arm (34). The movable arm (35) is installed in a position opposite to this.
A fixed platen (
37) was installed on the ground surface where the borehole (38) to be measured was located. Both rollers (3) of the fixed plate (37)
3) By inserting and lowering a long rod (30) with an integrated elevating sonde (28) attached to its lower end through the space between (34), it is possible to photograph the entire circumference of the hole at a predetermined depth. .

In this case, since the direction needle (39) is installed on the fixed plate (37), the direction of the fixed plate (37) can be specified, and therefore, the direction of the fixed plate (37) can be specified, and the guide roller (33) can be guided by the convex part (32) of the medium convex guide roller (33). The orientation of the elongated rod (30), ie the sonde (28), is also determined. Therefore, since the sonde (28) descends in a fixed direction, it is possible to photograph the entire circumference of the hole wall in a fixed direction.

Note that (40) in the figure is a light-shielding tube.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, the mirror surface of the cone mirror is protected, so that direct stains, scratches, etc., which are important for hole wall observation, do not occur on the mirror surface. Since the cone mirror can be integrated with the camera etc., advance preparation for measurement such as positioning the two is extremely easy. Furthermore, since the cone mirror and camera are integrated, they can be removed from the sonde, making maintenance easier. Further, since a ball-type inclinometer is attached to the cone mirror, there is a remarkable effect that even in the case of an oblique hole, the direction of a camera, etc. can be easily controlled.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 (a) and (b) show an embodiment of the cone mirror of the present invention, in which (a) is a side sectional view, (b) is a plan view, and Figures 2 (a) and (b) are cone mirrors of the present invention. It shows another embodiment of the mirror, and (a) is a side sectional view. (B) is a plan view, FIG. 3 is a side sectional view showing still another embodiment of the cone mirror of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a side sectional view showing one embodiment of the sonde for observing the hole wall of the present invention, and FIG. 7 to 7 are side sectional views showing examples of parts constituting the cone mirror of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 9 is a side sectional view showing another embodiment of the lifting sonde for observing a hole wall according to the present invention, and FIGS. Figure 12 is the x in Figure 11.
13 and 14 are side sectional views showing a conventional elevating sonde for observing a hole wall, respectively. l-conical surface, 2-truncated conical block, 3-truncated conical recess, 4', 4-cylindrical block, 5-
Side surface of cylindrical block, 6-end face of cylindrical block, 7°, 7-mounting part, 8-bottom end face of truncated conical block, 9-upper end face of truncated conical block, l〇-flat plate cover, 11-ball, 12, ring member, 13 truncated conical through hole, 14-
Cylindrical elevating sonde, 15-transparent window, 16-lower cone,
17-lamp, 18-magnetic compass, 19', 19--integrated cone mirror 20-television camera, 21-housing, 22-rotation drive device, 23', 23-hole wall irradiation light source 24-shading hood, 25-Glass cap part, 26-Translucent cover, 27-・Transparent glass cylinder 28・Integrated elevating sonde, 29・Concave groove, 30-Long rod, 31-Cable, 32-Concave part, 33-Medium Convex guide roller, 34-fixed arm, 35-movable arm, 36-movable roller, 37-fixed plate, 38-bore hole, 39 unidirectional meter, 40-shading tube, 41-peephole, 42-tunnel-shaped cone Miller, Patent Attorney Kiyoshi Minoura Figure 1 (A) (B) Figure 3 Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 12 Figure 13 Figure 14

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) Incident light from the entire circumference of the external borehole wall installed inside a transparent window formed around a part of the side surface of a cylindrical sonde that is supported from the ground and moves up and down inside the borehole and passes through the transparent window. In the cone mirror having a conical mirror surface that reflects in the axial direction of the sonde, a transparent truncated conical block with a polished surface is formed coaxially in the axial direction of a transparent cylindrical block with a polished surface. It is fitted into a recess or through hole of the same shape as the truncated conical block,
An integrated cone mirror for observing a hole wall, characterized in that the conical surface of the truncated conical block and the concave portion or through hole of the cylindrical block in close contact with each other is a mirror surface. (2) Installed inside a transparent window formed around a part of the side surface of a cylindrical sonde that is supported from the ground and moves up and down inside the borehole, and incident light from the entire circumference of the external borehole wall that passes through the transparent window. In the cone mirror having a conical mirror surface that reflects in the axial direction of the sonde, a transparent truncated conical block with a polished surface is formed coaxially in the axial direction of a transparent cylindrical block with a polished surface. Fitted into a recess or through hole of the same shape as the truncated conical block, and the close conical surfaces of the truncated conical block and the recess or through hole of the cylindrical block form a mirror surface, and further on the lower end surface of the truncated conical block, A ring member having an inner diameter approximately the same as the upper end face of the truncated conical block, one end of which is closed with a transparent or semi-transparent cover, and a rotatable ball housed in the inner diameter of the ring member. An integrated cone mirror for observing a hole wall, characterized in that the central axis is mounted so that the central axis of the truncated conical block coincides with the central axis of the truncated cone block. (3) A cylindrical sonde that is supported from the ground and moves up and down inside the borehole, and a transparent cone with a polished surface installed inside a transparent window formed around the entire circumference of a part of the side of the sonde. The truncated block is fitted into a recess or through hole of the same shape as the truncated conical block formed coaxially in the axial direction of a transparent cylindrical block with a polished surface, and the truncated conical block and the cylindrical block are recessed. or an integrated cone mirror that has a closely spaced conical surface formed into a mirror surface and reflects incident light from the entire circumference of the borehole wall that enters through the transparent window in the axial direction; What is claimed is: 1. An elevating sonde for observing a hole wall, comprising: a photographing device for photographing; and the photographing device and the integrated cone mirror. (4) A cylindrical sonde that is supported from the ground and moves up and down inside the borehole, and a transparent cone with a polished surface installed inside a transparent window formed around the entire circumference of a part of the side surface of the sonde. The truncated block is fitted into a recess or through hole of the same shape as the truncated conical block formed coaxially in the axial direction of a transparent cylindrical block with a polished surface, and the truncated conical block and the cylindrical block are recessed. Alternatively, the close conical surface of the through hole is formed into a mirror surface to reflect the incident light from the entire circumference of the borehole wall that enters through the transparent window in the axial direction, and further, the lower end surface of the truncated conical block is The ring member has an inner diameter that is approximately the same as the upper end surface, one end of the ring member is closed with a transparent or semi-transparent cover, and a rotatable ball is housed in the inner diameter of the ring member. An integrated cone mirror mounted so that the central axis of the truncated cone block coincides with the central axis of the truncated cone block, a photographing device located within the sonde for photographing the reflected light, and further the photographing device and the integrated cone mirror are integrally mounted. An elevating sonde for observing hole walls.