JPH0414512A - Structure placed on water surface and its constructing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the construction cost of a floating structure by constructing the structure by scattering a flash setting light-weight material having a specific gelation time onto the water surface. CONSTITUTION:A flash-setting light-weight material is prepared in a plant on a working ship 1 by mixing water, foamable agents of gelatin, etc., and set accelerating agent of water glass, etc., with an inorganic hydraulic curing agent of cement, etc. When the light-weight material thus prepared is scattered onto the water surface, the material gels in several to several tens of seconds and a floating structure 3 is formed.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to floating structures cast on water that are useful in the fields of marine and river civil engineering, fish farming, marine pollution prevention, etc. Concerning construction methods.

[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention] Conventionally,
When attempting to install a floating structure on water, the lightweight structure is constructed on the ground and then transferred to the water.

Floating structures include floating structures or underwater structures. Floating structures include floating structures such as oil platforms and caissons, and fixed structures such as artificial islands and undersea tunnels. There are two ways to build something: ■ Construct a large-scale temporary structure on-site and then send the structure; ■ Construct a structure on land, then
There were two methods: placing it on a barge, towing it to the site, and installing it.

However, method (■) requires a great deal of effort to construct temporary structures, such as securing scaffolding and constructing outer shell walls.
It was also difficult to transport materials to the site. In addition, method (2) required a huge lifting machine to install the structure, and it also required a great deal of labor to tow the structure to the site.

As described above, the conventional technology had difficulties different from those on land due to the special circumstances of the site being located on water.

In addition, oil fences have traditionally been used to construct simple partition walls above the water surface, but it is not easy to manufacture them on site.For example, when oil spills from an oil drilling platform or tanker, it can be In some cases, it was not possible to easily construct protective structures, resulting in increased damage.

Means for Solving the Problems] As a result of intensive research in order to solve the above problems, the present inventor has developed a novel method of the present invention that solves the problems of the prior art.1 The present invention is directed to a structure for pouring over water and It concerns the construction method.

That is, the invention of the structure is a cast structure on water, which is formed by pouring and forming an instant-setting lightweight material having a gel time of several seconds to several tens of seconds on the water surface.

In the invention of the structure, the above-water cast structure may be formed by attaching an impermeable or semi-water permeable sheet or bag to the bottom and/or side surfaces, and the above-water cast structure The article may consist of a number of floating materials such as floating lumps, granules, hollow bodies, fibers, etc. disposed on the bottom or inside, and the floating structure may include wires, It may be formed by disposing a reinforcing material such as a rope, a net, a lightweight reinforcing material, or a fiber. Further, these floating structures may be floating on the surface of the water or in the water, or may be fixed to the bottom surface or the underwater ground.

Next, the invention of a construction method is a method for constructing a poured structure on water, which is characterized in that an instant-setting lightweight material having a gel time of several seconds to several tens of seconds is poured out onto the water surface and poured.

In this method, the structure to be constructed is usually floating on the water surface or underwater, but as the stack height increases due to continuous pouring, the bottom surface reaches the underwater ground.
It may be something that is established.

In addition, the method for constructing a floating structure of the present invention involves laying and dividing a continuous floating body such as an oil fence in a required area on the water surface, and then placing the above-mentioned on the water surface divided by the floating body. This is a method in which instant-setting lightweight material is spread out and placed. Furthermore, the partitioning means for the required area above the water surface may be partitioned by partition walls such as sheet piles or steel pipe sheet piles.

When partitioning with sheet piles or steel pipe sheet piles, a movable formwork is attached to the inside surface of the partition wall near the water surface, and after the cast instant setting lightweight material has hardened, the movable formwork can be moved. It is also preferable to create a clearance between the wall and the hardening flash-setting lightweight material to prevent adhesion occurring between the two.

Furthermore, the method of the present invention may be implemented by spreading an impermeable or semi-water permeable sheet or bag over a required area above the water surface, and pouring out the instant-setting lightweight material from the top of the sheet or bag. good.

Furthermore, after dividing the required area on the water surface with partition walls such as floating bodies or sheet piles, a large number of floating materials such as floating lumps, granules, hollow bodies, and fibrous bodies are suspended within that area. Then, the instant-setting lightweight material may be poured out from above and cast.

In any of the above methods, when constructing a floating structure, the floating materials, wires, ropes,
It is also possible to provide reinforcing materials such as nets, lightweight reinforcing materials, plastic fibers, metal fibers, etc., and to pour out and cast a viscous lightweight material.

Note that anchors are usually suspended from the floating structure to prevent it from being washed away.

Examples of the instant-setting lightweight material in the present invention include:
A lightweight material composition consisting of a mixture of an inorganic hydraulic curing agent such as cement, water, a foaming agent, and an accelerating agent, and containing air bubbles uniformly dispersed, and ■ incyanate or polyisocyanate, which is a urethane prepolymer. Examples include a mixture of an organic hydraulic curing agent and water, and a mixture of an acrylamide aqueous solution, a foaming agent, and a catalyst.

Since the gel time (the time required for solidification) of the instant-setting lightweight material is several seconds to several tens of seconds, the final mixing of the constituent components of the material is preferably performed near the placement site.

In particular, it is preferable to mix the quick-setting agent, catalyst, etc. immediately before the casting location.This makes it easy to feed the material slurry etc. with a hose, and ensures instant setting casting on water. These mixtures can be performed by discharging the ends of each feed hose for each component so that they intersect near the installation location, or by using a feed hose consisting of a double tube to mix each component. Alternatively, the components may be mixed and released from the tip.

It goes without saying that various other fillers may be added to the composition.

[Example code] Next, the present invention will be explained in detail by way of examples.

To give an overview of the method of constructing a floating structure using a lightweight material for pouring on water according to the present invention, first, a mixture of a foaming agent and water is stirred to foam it sufficiently, and a cement slurry is uniformly mixed therein. Then, make a foam paste. to this,
A water glass aqueous solution as an quick-setting agent is mixed and poured onto the water surface. The mixture solidifies in a few seconds to several tens of seconds.

This gel time can be adjusted by the mixing ratio of foam paste and water glass.

Examples of the foaming agent used include colloid butylsulfonate naphthalene, gelatin, protein derivatives such as casein, saponin, resin soap, and lauryl soda.

Further, examples of the quick-setting agent include water glass, potassium dichromate, sodium fluoride, sodium aluminate, aluminum chloride, calcium chloride, etc., and water glass is particularly preferred.

In addition, as a normal water glass, JISB product (SiOz
content of 28-30%) is used.

The use of water glass as an quick-setting agent is particularly suitable from the viewpoints of instant setting properties, strength development properties, safety, and the like.

Furthermore, cement is used as a hardening agent, which is particularly preferable because it ensures instant setting and long-term strength.

As shown in Fig. 1 (A), the above-mentioned foam paste and water glass aqueous solution are prepared on the work boat 1, and both materials are separately delivered to the tip of the feed hose 2 through two hoses or double pipes. The floating structure 3 is poured and constructed on the water by being pumped, mixing the two and spreading the mixture on the water surface.

By continuing this work, a large-volume floating structure 3 is constructed as shown in FIG. 1(B).

Next, a preferred composition example of the instant-setting lightweight material according to the present invention will be explained. For instant-setting lightweight materials, foamed paste compositions and water glass compositions are particularly preferred in the following cases.

[Composition of a1 foaming paste] Cement: 100 parts by weight, Water = 30 to 200 parts by weight Foaming agent, 0.1 to 5 parts by weight Cell stabilizer = 0.1 to 5 parts by weight Cell volume 250 to 9001/m' [b, Composition of water glass aqueous solution Water glass (JISB No.): 100 parts by weight Water: 30 to 200 parts by weight Gel time preparation agent (salts) = 0.1 to 10 parts by weight (mixing ratio of liquids a and b) Weight ratio)) a:b=1:0.1 to 1:'3.5 Next, we prepared an instant-setting lightweight material with the following composition from the above composition range and concretely described an example of casting it on water. Explain.

■ [Composition of foaming paste] Cement = 100 parts by weight, Water = 100 parts by weight Foaming agent 20.7 parts by weight Foam stabilizer: 0.1 parts by weight Foaming paste with bubble volume: 65 (H!/m) and ■ [Composition of water glass aqueous solution] Water glass (JISB No.) = 100 parts by weight Water = 50 parts by weight Gel time preparation agent (salts) = 0.1 part by weight of a water glass aqueous solution, ■: ■ = 1 :0.16 (weight ratio), and the instant setting lightweight material was cast on water in the same manner as the method described in FIG. 1 above.

As a result, the gel time of the mixture was 5 seconds, the density of the cured product was 0.6 ton/m3, the compressive strength of the cured floating structure was 0.1 kgf/cm2 60 seconds after pouring, and 2 hours after pouring. The compressive strength after that was 3 kgf/cm2. It has been confirmed that this floating structure maintains its floating state for a long period of time.

Next, each distribution component used in this example will be explained.

2. The glass hydraulic lath is usually commercially available No. 3 water glass (Na20/3S).
iO2・aq> is used, but the water glass stock solution (S
102: 28-309=, Na2O: 9-10%
, remainder: water) has a high viscosity and the moving speed is slow if left as is. Therefore, it is desirable to add water in advance to lower the viscosity of the water glass liquid and increase the moving speed. This is similar to the method of using water glass in normal water glass-based chemical injection, and is a well-known matter. In addition, it is very difficult to mix a small amount of water glass stock solution (accelerating agent) with a large amount of foaming paste from the viewpoint of uniform mixing.

Regarding the foaming agent, in the present invention, foaming agents such as colloidal bunalsulfonate naphthalene and protein, which are commonly used in cement-based hot materials, are used. If it is a general surfactant, it is about 52° of the cement weight or the upper limit. Preferably it is 3% or less.

In order to make the density less than 1.0 m'', 16 ON/m' of bubbles are required. To obtain these bubbles, the addition rate of the foaming agent must be about 0.05% or more -1. From the viewpoint of bubble stability, etc., it is preferably 0.2% or more.

The amount of water in the wooden foam paste is preferably 200% or less (particularly preferably 100% or less) from the viewpoint of strength development. In addition, since strength development is greatly affected by the amount of foaming agent added, the optimum amount of water also changes.

(G) 7-1 Does the initial strength increase as the amount of cement increases?
Strength development can be expected even if the unit cement amount is about 50 kg/m'. The required initial strength of ILT structures installed on water varies depending on the application, but from the point of view of handling, it is
．． 5kgf, cm2 or more is desirable.

Therefore, the unit cement amount is preferably 150k.
g%m' or more is required.

It is a rapid cohesive reaction that causes the glass and cement materials to coalesce, and for this reaction to proceed, the ratio of each material (cement and hydraulic lath) must be appropriate.

As the amount of hydraulic lath decreases, the strength decreases significantly. Water glass (JI No. 33 product) is at least 3 of cement.
0% or more is required.

As mentioned above, the instant-setting lightweight material for pouring over water according to the present invention is refined from extremely simple composition materials, and ordinary civil engineering mixers, pumps, etc. can be used in its manufacture.

The work is also easy because it can be cast as a floating body by simply spreading it out on the water.

As a further example of a modification, when building a structure horizontally underwater, it is possible to first build the structure horizontally floating on the surface of the water, and then pour earth and sand, concrete, or mortar on top of it to complete the entire structure. I'll come.

[Examples of pouring on water Next, some examples of pouring on water according to the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings.

Casting example 1: As shown in Fig. 1 (A) and (B), the following work was carried out on a work boat 1 or a temporary plant installed on the water, and each component of the quick-setting lightweight material was poured into a feed hose. 2, the floating structure 3 is poured and constructed by mixing it near the pouring point and scattering it on the water.

The composition of the instant-setting lightweight material used in this casting example was 1:0.16 (1:0.16) of the above-mentioned (1) foaming paste and (2) water glass aqueous solution.
(weight ratio) mixture.

Since the gel time of the mixture of the two was 5 seconds, the material sprinkled on the water solidified shortly after reaching the surface of the water, and the floating structure 3 was able to be cast and constructed on the water.

If it is necessary to sink the bottom of the floating structure 3 to the bottom of the water for the purpose of avoiding shaking due to tides and waves,
All you have to do is build up a material such as sand on the top or in the center.

Casting Example 2: As shown in Figure 2, prior to casting, a long hollow float 4 is first placed floating on the water surface to divide the casting area.

Next, the instant-setting lightweight material is prepared on the work boat 1, and the instant-setting lightweight material is spread within the area to create the floating structure 3.
Pour and horizontally erect.

The preparation and casting method of the instant-setting lightweight material is as shown in Casting Example 1.
It is similar to that of .

In principle, the floating structure 3 is fixed with the anchor 5, but it is not necessary to use it under conditions such as when the water surface can be kept quiet.

By continuing to pile up the concrete, it becomes a large volume that reaches the underwater ground 7 as shown in Figs. 2 (B) to (C).

When sinking the floating structure 3, the same procedure as described in the pouring example 1 may be used.

Driving Example 3: First, as shown in FIG. 3(A), sheet piles or steel pipe sheet piles 6 are erected so as to protrude above the water surface from the underwater ground 7, and a partition structure is built in the driving area.

Next, the instant-setting lightweight material is prepared on the work boat 1, and the instant-setting lightweight material is spread within the area to create the floating structure 3.
(Fig. 3 (B)).

The preparation and casting method of the instant-setting lightweight material is as shown in Casting Example 1.
It is similar to that of .

Driving example 4: First, as shown in FIG. 3(A), sheet piles or steel pipe sheet piles 6 are erected so as to protrude above the water surface from the underwater ground 7, and a partition structure is built in the driving area.

Next, as shown in FIG. 4(A), a movable formwork 8 made of a rubber bag or the like is attached to the upper inner peripheral surface of the sheet pile or steel pipe sheet pile 6 of the partition structure. The movable formwork has an inlet and an outlet for compressed air or liquid, and the volume is increased or decreased by introducing or ejecting compressed air or liquid to move the formwork.

Therefore, a quick-setting lightweight material was prepared on the work boat 1, and the floating structure 3 was poured out with the movable formwork 8 bulging in the casting area. Build (
Figure 4(B)).

When a predetermined amount of lightweight material (for example, for one day's work) has been poured, the movable formwork 8 is moved with some of the compressed air inside it exhausted, and as shown in FIG. 4(C), the movable formwork 8 is moved. A clearance is created between the construction material and the partition III structure. This prevents the pouring structure from adhering to the partition structure such as a steel pipe sheet pile.

The preparation and casting method of the instant-setting lightweight material is as shown in Casting Example 1.
It is similar to that of .

By repeating the above steps, the lightweight structure 3 is reliably constructed.

Casting example 5: As shown in Figures 5 (A) to (F), a sheet or bag 9 is stretched over the entire surface of the pouring area above the water using various methods, and instant-setting lightweight material is sprinkled on top of the sheet or bag 9 to float the casting. Build a structure.

(A) In the figure, a sheet 9 whose edges are held by floats 4 around the periphery is floated on the water surface in an area divided by sheet piles or steel pipe sheet piles 6, and instant-setting lightweight material is sprinkled on top of it. , is an example of pouring.

In this case, even if there are waves, it will remain quiet and some of the poured objects will not fly away, and the surrounding surface of the floating structure will be waterproof, making it more reliable to float on the water for a long time. It is possible to do this.

Even if water accumulates on the sheet, tray, or bag at this time, there is no problem in construction.

(B) The figure shows 4 floats on the water surface within the divided area.
This is an example in which a float 4 is fixed to a sheet 93 whose end is held by an anchor 5, and an instant-setting lightweight material is poured out from above the sheet 9 and cast.

In principle, the sheet or bag 9 is fixed with the float 4 and the anchor 5, but it is not necessary to use it under conditions such as when the water surface can be kept quiet.

According to the method of stretching an impermeable or semi-water permeable sheet or bag over the required area above the water surface and pouring out the instant-setting lightweight material from above, the instant setting lightweight material is poured out from the top of the sheet or bag. Even in the case of rough seas, it is possible to prevent the flash-setting lightweight material from being dispersed or lost into the water.

In this case as well, the same effects as in case (A) are achieved.

(C) is a perspective view of the sheet 9 in which a rope net 10 is stretched over the sheet 9 shown in (B) to reinforce it.

(D) Figure shows an example of two sheets 9 stacked and stretched, and (E)
The figure shows an example in which bags 9' are connected and stretched, and figure (F) shows an example in which the bottom of the connected bags 9' is reinforced with a rope net 10.
Each is shown.

The preparation and casting method of the instant-setting lightweight material in each of the above examples is the same as that of Casting Example 1.

Casting Example 6: As shown in Fig. 6 (A), prior to casting, first, a long hollow float 4 is placed floating on the water surface to divide the casting area, and then the segmentation is done by placing lightweight floating particles on the water surface within the area. The body 11, for example, foamed perlite, pumice stones, hollow glass beads, etc., is scattered and floated all over.

On the other hand, a flash-setting light I material is prepared on the work boat 1, and the flash-setting light I material is sprinkled onto the floating granules 11 in that area, and the floating I relic 3 is struck as shown in (B). Establish and horizontally construct.

The preparation and casting method of the instant-setting lightweight material is as shown in Casting Example 1.
It is similar to that of .

In principle, the floating structure 3 should be fixed with anchors 5, but this is not necessary under conditions such as when the water surface can be kept quiet.

Casting Example 7 As shown in Figure 7 (A>, (B) [], prior to casting, first, a long hollow float 4 is placed floating on the water surface to divide the casting area, and then the area is divided into sections. While stretching the rope net 10 on the surface of the inland water, the quick-setting lightweight material is sprinkled on top of the rope net 10, and by repeating this process, the inside of the rope net 1 is
A floating structure 3 reinforced with 0 is constructed on the water.

The preparation and casting method of the instant-setting lightweight material is as shown in Casting Example 1.
It is similar to that of . The floating structure 3 is fixed by anchors 5.

In the above installation example, the floating structure 3 was installed at the construction site, or when installing the floating structure in a remote location such as the ocean, the floating structure 3 was built in advance in a body of water near land. ,
It may be towed or otherwise transported to the installation location, or it may be anchored and installed using an anchor or the like.

The floating structure constructed in this way has excellent seawater resistance, is lightweight, buoyant, and has SFf& strength, so it can be used for construction of floating ground, for example, construction of artificial islands for oil drilling, artificial construction of bridge pier foundations, etc. It can be suitably used for constructing islands, simple partition walls above the water surface, etc.

This construction of a floating structure by directly sprinkling the pouring material 3 onto the water surface is novel and unprecedented.

The floating structure constructed according to the present invention can be used as a movable structure as is, and can also be used as a temporary structure for horizontal construction of fixed artifacts for only $1!
! Since it can be widely used as a structure, it becomes possible to carry out work on water easily and quickly, which was previously difficult.

Effects of the Invention As described above, the floating structure of the present invention can be constructed in a short time and does not require large temporary construction equipment, resulting in lower construction costs than the prior art.

Furthermore, according to the method of the present invention, the instant-setting lightweight material is lightweight and instant-setting in several seconds to several tens of seconds, so it can be cast as is on water, making it easy to construct structures such as ground floating in the ocean, lakes, etc. I will build horizontally.

The floating structure constructed according to the present invention is movable as it is TF4
In addition to being used as structures, it can also be used extensively as a temporary elliptical relic for the construction of fixed structures, making it possible to carry out work on water easily and quickly, which was previously difficult.

Furthermore, since the construction material foams and expands during pouring,
Only a small amount of raw materials need to be delivered to the site, making transportation of raw materials easy and low cost.

Further, as equipment such as a mixer and a pump necessary for carrying out the construction method of the present invention, ordinary civil engineering machinery can be used as is, and there is no need to prepare special equipment.

Since the lightweight material for pouring on water according to the present invention floats on the water surface at the same time as it is poured, it is possible to easily carry out pouring work on water, which has been difficult in the past.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1(A) to FIG. 7(B) show various examples of pouring of the floating pouring structure of the present invention. 1. Work boat, 2. Feed hose 3. Floating structure, 4. Float 5. Anchor 16. Steel pipe sheet pile, 7. Submerged ground 8. Movable formwork, 9. Sheet, 9゛ bag, 10. Netting, 11. floating particulate matter

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (1) A poured structure on water, characterized in that it is formed by pouring and forming an instant-setting lightweight material having a gel time of several seconds to several tens of seconds on the water surface. (2) The floating pouring structure according to claim 1, wherein the floating pouring structure is formed by attaching a water-impermeable or semi-water-permeable sheet or bag to the bottom and/or side surfaces. thing. (3) A claim characterized in that the floating structure is formed by disposing a large number of floating materials such as floating lumps, granules, hollow bodies, and fibrous bodies on the bottom or inside the structure. 1 or 2. The above-water pouring structure. (4) The cast structure on water is constructed by disposing reinforcing materials such as wires, ropes, nets, lightweight reinforcing materials, and fibers. Cast structures on water. (5) The floating concrete structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the floating concrete structure is floated on the surface of the water or in the water. (6) The floating concrete structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the bottom surface of the floating concrete structure is fixed to the underwater ground. (7) A method for constructing a poured structure on water, characterized by pouring out and pouring an instant-setting lightweight material having a gel time of several seconds to several tens of seconds onto the water surface. (8) The method for constructing a cast structure on water according to claim 7, wherein the cast structure on water is floated on the water surface or in water. (9) The method for constructing a poured structure on water according to claim 7, characterized in that the bottom surface of the poured structure on water is fixed to the underwater ground. (10) After laying and dividing a continuous floating body such as an oil fence in the required area on the water surface, an instant-setting lightweight product with a gel time of several seconds to several tens of seconds is placed on the water surface divided by the floating body. 10. The method for constructing a poured structure on water according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the material is directly removed and poured. (11) After dividing the required area on the water surface with partition walls such as sheet piles and steel pipe sheet piles, from above the divided water surface, a quick-setting lightweight material with a gel time of several seconds to several tens of seconds is applied.
11. The method for constructing a poured structure on water according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the concrete is poured directly. (12) Spreading an impermeable or semi-water permeable sheet or bag over the required area above the water surface, and pouring out and placing an instant-setting lightweight material with a gel time of several seconds to tens of seconds from above. 12. The method for constructing a poured structure on water according to claim 10 or 11. (13) After dividing the required area on the water surface with partition walls such as floating bodies or sheet piles, a large number of floating materials such as floating lumps, granules, hollow bodies, and fibrous bodies are suspended within the area. ,
10. The method for constructing a poured structure on water according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the instant setting lightweight material having a gel time of several seconds to several tens of seconds is then poured out from above and poured. (14) When constructing a pouring structure on water, a large number of floating materials such as floating lumps, granules, hollow bodies, and fibrous bodies are placed, and instant-setting lightweight materials are spread out and poured. 14. The method for constructing a poured structure on water according to any one of claims 7 to 13. (15) When constructing a pouring structure on water, reinforcing materials such as wires, ropes, nets, lightweight reinforcing materials, fibers, etc. are provided, and instant setting lightweight materials are spread out and poured. A method for constructing a poured structure on water according to any one of claims 7 to 14.