JPH04143387A - Electronic key device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To set a key code so easily by installing a command code storage means, storing a command code commanding so as to set a variable code to an electronic lock, and a command code delivery means delivering a code stored in the storage means, respectively. CONSTITUTION:A key operating signal is outputted to a control part 10 via a key input part 12. Next, in this control part 10, a ficed code of a read-only memory 11 and a variable code of a random access memory 15 are converted into an electric signal each through a conversion part 16 and outputted to a driving part 17. Then, a light emitting diode 4 is turned on or off by this driving part 17, outputting a light signal to a photodiode 21. Then, an electric signal is outputted to a lock side conversion part 23 from this diode 21 via a waveform forming part 22, thus it is converted into a digital signal and outputted to a lock side control part 24. In addition, in this control part 24, the variable code is stored in a random access memory 26, and it is compared with a command code stored in a memory area 25C of a read-only memory 25, and when they are not accorded with each other, it should be set to the random access memory 26 as the variable code.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention unlocks the lock at least in a non-contact manner by transmitting a specific code to the lock using radio waves, light, ultrasonic waves, etc. It relates to an electronic key device.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, electronic locks have been used as security devices for house gates, room doors, garage shutters, car doors, safes, lockers, etc.
Electronic key devices that open and close locks using electronic keys are known. For example, in an electronic key system (keyless entry system) used to open and close car doors, a wiring pattern corresponding to the code length (number of bits) is provided on the circuit board of the electronic key side circuit that transmits. Connect the wiring pattern to ground level (“L”) or power supply voltage level (“H”)
”), the content of the key code is determined, and the key code can be transmitted as a digital signal consisting of rOJ and “1”.

It is also known that a mask ROM or a programmable ROM is provided in place of the above-mentioned wiring pattern, and a key code is stored and transmitted in these ROMs. No matter which method is used, the key code is a fixed code determined at the electronic key manufacturing stage and set in the electronic key circuit, so the key code cannot be changed thereafter.

In recent years, it has been considered to be possible to set the contents of a key code according to one's preference, similar to the ID code of a CD (cash dispenser), for example. In this case, the electronic key system includes a rewritable memory such as a RAM on the transmitting side (key side), sets and stores a key code in the RAM, and transmits the stored key code.

However, on the receiving side, the lock is unlocked only when the key code is sent.

In addition to the fixed code that serves as the encryption, it is also being considered to be able to store a bus code that can be set arbitrarily, and to be able to send the fixed code only when the bus code and the input bus code match. .

[Problems with the prior art] Among the above methods, the key code for the first method is set at the time of electronic key production and cannot be changed after that because the transmitter (electronic key) is stolen. If something like this happens, there is a possibility that the electronic lock will be unlocked with the stolen electronic key, which is extremely inconvenient.In addition, the ability to set the key code arbitrarily in the second method is due to the setting. For example, if the key code you entered is a 4-digit code, you can open the lock by using another electronic key and searching and setting a key code that matches the 4-digit code through trial and error. Therefore, in order to prevent this risk, it is necessary to use a multi-digit key code that cannot be searched or set by trial and error. Therefore, there is a problem in that the operation of setting such a multi-digit key code is extremely time-consuming and troublesome.

Furthermore, setting of this key code must be performed on both the electronic key on the transmitting side and the electronic lock on the receiving side, which is a problem in that it is very time-consuming.

Furthermore, in the third conventional example, the method of inputting the bus code cannot be used if the bus code is unknown, so the above-mentioned inconvenience is resolved even in the event of loss or theft. In addition, you will not be able to use other electronic keys with different fixed codes, but entering the bus code every time you operate it is time-consuming and troublesome, and furthermore, if you forget the bus code, the electronic key device will be used. There was a big problem that it became impossible.

[Object of the invention] The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and
To provide an electronic key device that allows easy setting and changing of a key code and has extremely high safety.

[Summary of the Invention] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is capable of automatically configuring and setting an undecipherable multi-digit key code by simply inputting and setting a changeable password code in advance, and at the same time, it is possible to automatically configure and set an undecipherable multi-digit key code. The key point is to be able to automatically set a PIN code.

[Examples] Examples of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a wristwatch according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, a wristwatch main body 1 is composed of a display section 2 comprising a liquid crystal display device or the like, and a key operation section 3 having various key groups 3a. Switches S1, S2, and S3 are provided on the side end surface of the display section 2, and these switches S1, S2, and S3 have a function of switching the display mode of the display section 2, as will be described in detail later. There is. Further, an LED (light emitting diode) 4 is arranged alongside the switch S1.

Next, FIG. 2A shows a block diagram of the internal circuit of the wristwatch body 1 shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2B shows a block diagram of the internal circuit of the corresponding receiving device (electronic lock).

First, the circuit configuration of the wristwatch main body 1 will be explained. R.O.
MI 1 is a storage unit 1 that stores microprograms for controlling the system and data for various displays.
1a, a storage section 11b that stores a 4-byte fixed code for a key code, which will be described later, and a storage section 11C, which stores an instruction code that will be described later. The key power unit 12 includes various keys of the various key group 3a shown in FIG. 1 and three switches 81 to S3, and outputs operation signals of each key to the control unit 10. The control unit 10 is composed of a CPU such as a microprocessor, and has a ROMI
The entire system is controlled according to the microprogram stored in I. The control unit 10 also receives a clock signal a input from a frequency division/timing unit 14, which will be described later.
It performs timekeeping processing based on the timing signal, and also controls each part of the system in chronological order based on the timing signal.

The oscillator 13 generates a clock signal with a constant period, and outputs the generated clock signal to the frequency division/timing section 14. The frequency division/timing section 14 consists of a frequency divider, a timing generator, etc., and divides the clock signal input at a constant period from the oscillator 13 to a predetermined frequency, and divides the clock signal a for counting the current time and each section in a time series. The timing signal A and the timing signal S are outputted to the control section 10.

The RAM 15 is a random access memory, and is composed of registers that store predetermined data, as shown in Part 3 below.

The conversion unit 16 converts a signal representing an instruction code stored in the ROMII and a parallel signal representing a key code composed of a fixed code stored in the storage unit 11b of the ROMII and a variable code written in the RAM 15. ,
It is converted into serial "H" and "L" electrical signals and output to the drive section 17. The drive section 17 is made up of a switching FET, and the switching FET is turned on and off according to the electrical signal output from the conversion section 16.

As the LED 4 turns on and off, an optical signal containing predetermined data is output. The LED 4 is the same as that shown in FIG.

The display drive unit 1B outputs a display drive applied voltage signal to the display unit 19 based on the signal input from the control unit 10.

The display section 19 is equipped with the liquid crystal display device 2 shown in FIG.

Next, the circuit configuration on the receiving device (electronic lock) side will be explained. In FIG. 2B, the photodiode 21 is connected to the LED
By receiving an optical signal from 4 and turning it on and off, the optical signal is converted into an electrical signal.

This photodiode 21 is attached, for example, to the back of the keyhole of an electronic lock, so that it can detect light entering from the outside. Further, a phototransistor may be used instead of a photodiode. Waveform shaping section 22
consists of an amplifier, a low-pass filter, etc., which amplifies the electrical signal obtained by the photodiode 21, extracts only the frequency component of the optical signal of the LED 4 from the output, and
This signal is output to the lock-side conversion section 23. Lock side conversion part 23
converts the output signal from the waveform shaping section 22 from a serial signal to a parallel digital signal, and outputs the converted signal to the lock side control section 24.

At the same time, it outputs a signal C indicating "reception" to notify the lock side control section 24 of reception.

The lock-side control unit 24 is made up of a CPU such as a microprocessor, and controls the entire electronic lock system according to a microprogram stored in the gun-side ROM 25. Further, the lock-side control section 24 controls each section of the system in chronological order based on a timing signal input from a timing output section 27, which will be described later.

In addition to the needle side ROM 25 and the timing output section 27, the needle side control section 24 also includes a needle side RAM 26, a mechanism control section 28, and a lock mechanism section 29 via the mechanism control section 28.
, a needle-side display drive section 30 , and a needle-side display section 31 via the needle-side display drive section 30 .

The timing output section 27 includes an oscillator, a frequency divider, and a timing generator, and generates a timing signal by dividing a clock signal of a constant period generated by the oscillator to a predetermined frequency, and transmits the timing signal to the needle side control section 24. Output to.

The mechanism control section 28 controls opening and closing of the lock mechanism section 29 based on command signals from the needle side control section 24 .

The locking mechanism section 29 has a locking mechanism made of an electromagnet, and opens and closes the lock under control from the mechanism control section 28.

The hand-side ROM 25 includes a storage section 25a that stores the above-mentioned program, and storage sections 25b and 25c that store the same codes as the fixed codes and instruction codes stored in the wristwatch body side storage section 11b and Ilc. Needle side RAM2
6, and the hand side display drive section 30 are respectively R on the electronic key side.
The configuration and functions are the same as those of the OMII, RAM 15, and display drive section 18.

FIG. 3(a) is an internal configuration diagram of the RAM 15, and FIG.
b) is an internal configuration diagram of the needle-side RAM 26.

In the figure fa), the time counting register 15a stores the current time generated based on the clock signal a output from the frequency division/timing generator circuit 14.

The register M is a display mode flag that stores a value of "0" or "1" corresponding to two types of display modes (time display mode, electronic key mode) to be described later that are displayed on the display unit 2. Register F is a key mode flag that takes a value of "1" in the electronic key mode when the variable code is set or changed, and takes a value of "0" when the key code is transmitted. The register 15b is a variable code register that stores a variable code consisting of four characters or numbers, each character (digit) consisting of one byte.

Next, in Fig. 3 (bl) - time memorization register 26
a temporarily stores input signal data.

Register 26b stores the same data as register 15b. Register G sets "1" to 1 when there is an instruction code in the input signal data. This flag takes a value of "0" when there is no such flag.

FIG. 4 schematically shows the contents of signal data when a signal is transmitted from the LED 4. At the beginning of the signal data, there is a synchronization signal in which 1 and O are repeated, followed by a fixed code consisting of 4 bytes read from the storage section 11b of the ROMII, and finally a fixed code read from the storage section 11c of the ROMII. instruction code consisting of 4 bytes,
Alternatively, it consists of a setting code (variable code) consisting of 4 bytes read from the RAM 15.

Next, each mode set by the switch S1.82 etc. will be explained using FIG.

As shown in the figure, each time the switch S1 is input, the value of the register M changes from "0" to "1" to "0".
Based on the display mode corresponding to the value of that register M,
The time display mode display shown at 51 in the figure, the electronic key mode display shown at 52, and the time display mode display and display are switched again.

Then, when the electronic key mode indicated by M=1 is set at 52 in the same figure, when a key is pressed manually by the switch S2, the value of the register F is changed to rOJ -
rlJ - rOJ, and based on the display mode corresponding to the value of the register F, the display is switched between the display in the sending display mode shown in FIG. 52-1 and the display in the setting display mode shown in FIG. 52-2. Then, when a key is pressed manually using switch S3, which will be described later, a variable code is sent out in the sending display mode, and an instruction code is sent out in the setting display mode, together with the fixed code.

In the above configuration, first, the operation performed by the control section 10 on the electronic key side will be explained.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the flow of the entire program. In the HALT state of step SAI, when the clock timing of the current time when the clock signal a is output is reached, the process proceeds to step SA2, where time counting processing is performed and the obtained current time data is stored in the time counting register 1 of the RAM 15.
5a. Then, the process proceeds to step SA8 to display the stored current time on the display section 2, and then returns to step SAI.

In step SAI, if there is an input from the key force section 12, the process proceeds to step SA3, where it is determined whether or not the key force is the key force generated by the switch S1. When the key of the switch S1 is pressed manually, this is a case where alternating switching between the two types of display modes is designated. However, in this case, the process proceeds to step SA4, and the value of register M is determined. If the value of register M is "0" (hereinafter referred to as M=O), it is the time display mode. In this case, proceed to step SA5, set M = 1, switch to electronic key mode, and then set F = 0, switch to electronic key mode. Set to send display mode. Thereafter, the process advances to step SA8, where display processing in the sending display mode is performed, and the process returns to step SAI.

If M=1 in step SA4, it is the electronic key mode, and in this case, the process proceeds to step SA6, where the value of register F is determined. If F=0, the electronic key mode is the transmission display mode, and it is possible to switch to the time display mode. However, in this case, proceed to step SAT and M=
0 to switch to the time display mode and perform the step S.
Proceeding to A8, time display processing is performed, and the process returns to step SAI. In step SA6, if F=1, it is the setting display mode of the electronic key mode, and switching to the time display mode is not possible. Therefore, in this case, switch S1
The manual input of the key is invalidated and the process immediately proceeds to the display process of step SA8.

By the above operation, the time display mode and the electronic key mode explained in FIG. 5 are alternately switched based on the input of the switch S1.

If it is determined in step SA3 that the key is not manually operated by the switch S1, the process proceeds to step SA9, and it is determined whether or not the key is manually operated by the switch S2. If the key of the switch s2 is manually operated, and this key is operated in the electronic key mode, this is a case where an instruction is given to alternately switch between the sending display mode and the setting display mode.

That is, if switch S2 is operated, step 5AI
Proceed to step O and determine the value of register M. If M=1, it means that the electronic key mode is set,
In this case, proceed to step 5A11, determine the value of register F, and if F=1, it is the setting display mode, so proceed to step 5A12, set F=O, and switch to the sending display mode. Proceed to step SA8.

Further, if F=O in step 5AII, it is the sending display mode, so in this case, the process proceeds to step 5A13, where F=1 and the mode is switched to the setting display mode, and the process proceeds to step SA8. M=1 in step 5AGO
Otherwise, the electronic key mode is not set, and therefore, the manual keying of switch s2 is invalid, and in this case, the process immediately proceeds to step SA8.

As a result of the above-mentioned operation, the key force of the switch s2 becomes effective only in the case of the electronic key mote ' explained in FIG. 5, and the sending display mode and the setting display mode are alternately switched in accordance with the key force.

In step SA9, if the key force is not caused by the switch S2, the process moves to step 5A14, and it is determined whether the key force is caused by the switch s3. If the key of the switch S3 is manually operated, and this key is operated in electronic key mode, the instruction is to send a key code or a command code consisting of a fixed code and a command code. That is, if the switch s3 is operated, the process advances to step 5A15 and the value of the register M is determined. If M=1, it means that the electronic key mode is set, and in this case, step 5
Proceeding to A16, the register FI7) value is further determined. F
If =0, it is the transmission display mode, and therefore transmission of the key code is instructed. However, in this case, the process proceeds to step SA17 to output a synchronization signal, followed by step 5A18 to output the fixed code read from ROMII, and step 5A19 to output the setting code (variable code) read from RAM 15, and then switch. The sending of the key code as instructed by the key operator in S3 is executed.

If F=1 in step 5A16, sending of the command code is instructed. Therefore, in this case, the process proceeds to step 5A20, outputs the synchronization signal, and then proceeds to step 5A20.
After outputting the fixed code in step 21, proceed to step 5A2.
At step 2, the command code of the ROM II is outputted, and the command code designated by the key of the switch S3 is transmitted. If M=0 in the step 5A15, the time display mode is in effect, so the manual keystroke of the switch S3 is invalid, and in this case, the process immediately proceeds to the display process of step SA8.

As a result of the above operation, the key power of the switch S3 becomes effective only in the electronic key mode explained in FIG. is transmitted, and when in the setting display mode, a command code consisting of a fixed code and a command code is transmitted.

In step 5A13, if the key force is not due to the switch S3, that is, if the key force is due to the data keys of the various key groups 3a provided in the key operation section 3, and this key force is in the electronic key mode. If it is done in the setting display mode, it is a case where a variable code is input. However, in this case, step 5A23
Then, the value of register M is determined. If M=1, the electronic key mode is set. Therefore, in this case, the process proceeds to step 5A24, and the value of register F is further determined. If F=1, the setting mode is set. However, in this case, the process proceeds to step 5A25, and the data entered manually using the data keys are sequentially stored in the register 15b of the RAM 15 from the beginning. Thereafter, the process proceeds to display processing in step SA8. Said step 5A24
If F=O, it is the sending display mode, so manual input using the data keys is invalid. Therefore, the process immediately proceeds to step SA8. Furthermore, in step 5A23, M
If =O, it is the time display mode, so manual keystrokes using the data keys are invalid in this case as well. Therefore, the process immediately proceeds to step SA8.

As a result of the above operation, when the electronic key mode is in the setting display mode, it is possible to input a variable code using the data key, and the 4-character (4-digit) variable code is sequentially stored in the register 15b of the RAM 15 character by character. .

For example, the electronic key mode is set manually using the key of switch S1 (step 5A5), and then the key of switch S1 is pressed manually.
After the setting display mode is set by pressing the key No. 2 (step 5A13), when the switch S3 is pressed manually, a command code is transmitted (steps 5A20 to 5A20).
5A22) Based on this command signal, the needle side, which will be described later, is set to a variable code setting acceptance state. Thereafter, the variable code is set in the RAM 15 by inputting the data key (step 5A25), and the switch S2 is input again to switch to the transmission display mode (step 5AI2), and when the key of switch S3 is pressed again, the above settings are set. A key code based on the variable code is transmitted (step 5A17).
~5A19), the variable code described above is automatically set on the needle side based on the key code.

This makes it easy to set a new variable code even when replacing the battery or changing a variable code that has already been set, and the variable code can also be automatically set on the hand side.

Thereafter, in the transmission display mode, switch S3
The electronic lock can be unlocked by manually transmitting the key code.

Next, the operations performed by the needle-side control section 24 in the electronic lock will be explained using the flowchart shown in FIG.

This operation starts when the needle-side control section 24 receives an interrupt signal C from the needle-side conversion section 23 that notifies reception. First, in step SBI, a synchronization signal indicating the beginning of the signal data of the key code input from the needle-side conversion section 23 is detected. Subsequently, the process proceeds to step SB2, and the two signal data following the above-described synchronization signal are stored in the temporary storage register 26b of the needle-side RAM 26. Next, step S
Proceeding to B3, the first one of the two signal data stored above, that is, the fixed code, is read out, and it is determined whether or not it matches the fixed code stored in the hand side ROM 25. If there is a match in this determination, the electronic key that transmitted the key code is a dedicated electronic key that is paired with the electronic lock. However, if this is the case, the process proceeds to step SB4, where the data next to the fixed code is read out, and it is determined whether the code indicated by the data matches the instruction code stored in the storage area 25c of the needle side ROM 25.

If they match, an instruction is given to set (store) the variable code in the register 26b of the needle-side RAM 26.

In this case, however, the process proceeds to step SB5, where G=1 is set to set a setting mode in which variable code reception is waited, and the process proceeds to step SB6, where it is displayed that the setting mode has been entered.

In step SB4, if the determined code does not match the instruction code and this signal is received in the setting mode, it is a variable code that should be newly set.

However, in this case, the process advances to step SB7 and the needle side RAM is
After setting the determined code as a variable code in the register 26b of No. 26, the setting mode is canceled by setting G=0 in the following step SB9. Then, in step SB6,
Displays that variable code has been set. If G=0 in step SB7, it is not the setting mode, so
That is, it is the unlock mode, and in this case, the process advances to step 5BIO, and it is determined whether the code matches the variable code set in the register 26b of the needle-side RAM 26. -If you do,
Proceeding to step 5BII, the mechanism control section 28 is activated, and the locking mechanism section 29 is driven to unlock. Then, the process proceeds to step SB6, where a display indicating that the lock has been unlocked is displayed on the needle side display section 31. If the variable codes do not match in step 5BIO, the process immediately proceeds to step 5B12, and although not particularly shown, display data indicating an error is written in the display buffer, and in step SB6, the error display data in the display buffer is displayed. . Also, in step SB3 above,
If the fixed codes do not match, the process similarly immediately proceeds to step 5B12.

Through the above operation, when a variable code is newly set or changed, a command code consisting of a fixed code and a command code is sent from the electronic key, and the fixed code matches the fixed code on the electronic lock side, and it is paired with the electronic lock. Only when it is recognized that the call is coming from a dedicated electronic key that is set to , the command code is decoded and the setting mode is entered. Based on the setting mode, when the subsequent key code is received, The variable code is stored in the register 26 of the needle side RAM 26.
b. As a result, when a key code is sent from the electronic key from now on, the lock will be unlocked only when both the fixed code and the variable code match the electronic lock, and if neither of the above codes match, the lock will be unlocked. is not performed, and an error message is displayed on the needle side display section 31.

In the above embodiment, the number of digits of the fixed code and variable code is four digits, but it is not limited to four digits and may be any number of digits. Furthermore, the number of digits of the instruction code can be freely set. Further, although an example in which the present invention is applied to a wristwatch has been described, it may be a device exclusively for electronic keys, and it can be incorporated into small devices such as electronic notebooks and schedulers, and various applications can be considered. Further, although an LED is used as the transmitter and light is used as the signal medium, various signal mediums may be used, such as radio waves or magnetism.

Furthermore, the present invention may be applied not only to automobiles, houses, safes, etc., but also to other buildings, objects, equipment, etc., which require locking.

[Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, the lock will not be unlocked unless both the fixed code and the variable code match, so even if the electronic key is lost or stolen, the spare electronic key can be used by changing and setting the variable code. If this is done, there is no risk of the lock being unlocked using a lost or stolen electronic key, resulting in extremely high safety. In addition, the key code has a fixed code that pairs with the electronic lock, so if you use another electronic key with a different fixed code, the lock will not open even if you match the variable code intentionally or accidentally. There is no risk of this happening, and safety is extremely high. In addition, the variable code can be entered and set in advance,
From then on, you can unlock the door by simply sending the key code.
Not only does it not take time and trouble to enter the bus code each time you operate it, but unlike the bus code, you do not need to remember the set variable code, so there are no inconveniences like if you forget the bus code. Does not occur. In addition, by simply setting a variable code on the electronic key side, the variable code can be automatically set on the equipment, so any number of digits of variable code can be easily set without any hassle.

In this way, it is possible to provide an electronic key device in which the key code can be easily set and changed, and which is highly secure.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of an electronic wristwatch according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the internal circuit of the electronic wristwatch and an electronic lock corresponding to the electronic wristwatch, and FIG. 3(B) is a R
The internal configuration diagram of AMl5, Figure 3 (b) is the equipment RAM26.
4 is a diagram schematically showing the signal contents of the key code, FIG. 5 is a diagram explaining each display mode, and FIG. 6 is a diagram explaining the operation performed by the electronic key control section 10. Flowchart FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating the operations performed by the equipment control unit 24 of the electronic lock. 1...Watch body, 2...Display section 2. 3...Key operation section 3. 3a... Various key groups, 4... LED (light emitting diode), 10... Control unit, 11... ROM. 12... Key power section, 13... Oscillator, 14... Frequency division/timing section, 15... RAM. 16...conversion section, I7, 18, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, Sl, ... drive section, ... display drive section, ... photo Diode, ...Waveform shaping section, ...Equipment conversion section, ...Equipment control section, ...Equipment ROM, ...Equipment RAM. ...Timing output section, ...Mechanism control section, ...Lock mechanism section, ...Equipment display drive section, ...Equipment display section, S2, S3...Switch.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1) An electronic key device that sends out a key code for unlocking an electronic lock, comprising a fixed code storage means for storing a predetermined fixed code, and a variable code that can be set arbitrarily. variable code storage means for storing a variable code; command code storage means for storing a command code for instructing the electronic lock to set a variable code; and command code sending means for transmitting the command code stored in the command code storage means. An electronic key device comprising: a key code sending unit configured to send out a key code consisting of a fixed code stored in the fixed code storage unit and a variable code stored in the variable code storage unit. 2) The instruction code sending means includes an LED, and the LED
2. The electronic key device according to claim 1, wherein the instruction code is sent out as an optical signal. 3) The electronic key device according to claim 1, wherein the key code sending means includes an LED, and the fixed code is sent as an optical signal from the LED. 4) The electronic key device according to claim 1, wherein the fixed code storage means comprises a nonvolatile memory. 5) The electronic key device according to claim 1, wherein the instruction code storage means comprises a nonvolatile memory.