JPH04143359A - Mortar bed plate - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the cracking with wall material and increase adhesion by perforating a plurality of blind holes of a specified bore on a coated surface layer of specified thickness, and instituting ratio of the total opening area of the blind holes to the coated surface at a specified opening ratio. CONSTITUTION:A mortar bed plate 10 is constituted out of a base plate 1, a waterproof layer 2, and a coated surface layer 3 having a plurality of perforated blind holes 4. The coated surface layer 3 consists of a hydraulic inorganic material such as cement or plaster as a main body of coating thickness over 5mm, admixture such as quartz sand and waterproof agent are added thereto, and the thickness of the layer should be ranged about 15-30mm. The opening bore of the blind hole 4 provided on the layer is ranged 4-25mm, and the sum of these opening area should be provided within the range of 1.3-60% at ratio against the surface area. After the bed plate 10 is fixed on a bed construction member by driving of nails, the mortar wall material is coated. Hereby, expansion/contraction due to residual air in the blind holes 4 is prevented and generation of the cracking can be prevented.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a so-called mortar base plate, which is fixed on the outer wall structure base of a building and directly coated with mortar, plaster, coating material, etc. Or it relates to an architectural base plate suitable for forming a wall surface by spraying or pasting tiles.

<Conventional technology> For traditional wet wall coating methods that require one base layer, such as lath base coating such as lath or plywood, felt, waterproof sheeting for roofing, lath netting, and mortar undercoat. Instead, in recent years, various types of mortar base plates of the above-mentioned type have been proposed, which enable immediate construction of wall materials by bonding to the base structure of a building.

Some of these mortar base plates have a structure in which a plurality of holes and grooves are bored in the surface material so that the overcoat mortar adheres to them like an anchor.
Publication No. 4 describes [In a mortar base plate in which a board, a foamed synthetic resin body with a closed cell structure, and a waterproof sheet are sequentially laminated and integrally formed, a through hole is formed in the board, and a pilot hole in the form of a blind bow is formed in the foamed synthetic resin body. ``Mortar base plate characterized by coaxial holes and blind holes with a larger diameter than the through holes'' is described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 57-25935 as ``Synthetic resin foam is fixed to one side of plywood. A waterproof sheet is laminated and integrated underneath, a large number of holes are coaxially drilled in the plywood and the synthetic resin foam, and a hydraulic substance is mixed in the synthetic resin foam. ``Mortar base plate with characteristics'', and Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 58-7872, ``Providing at least one of a plurality of grooves, blind holes, and through holes on the surface of a synthetic resin foam, "A mortar base plate characterized by forming a lump of a hydraulic composition and forming a waterproof layer on the back surface of a synthetic resin foam" is disclosed in the following publications.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> In the mortar base board according to the first two prior art techniques, the mortar wall material to be overcoated passes through a through hole provided in the surface board (plywood) and coaxially connects to the synthetic resin foam layer below. An anchoring effect can be obtained by entering the prepared hole prepared in the shape of a hole, and when the mortar wall material is press-fitted into the prepared hole, the inner surface of the prepared hole is expanded and the mortar wall material is filled to that extent, so that the mortar It is stated that the connection force between the wall material and the base plate becomes stronger. However, since the structure is such that the surface board protrudes from the upper edge of the pilot hole, which is formed coaxially with the through hole and has a large diameter, toward the opening, in reality,
It was difficult to completely push out the air in the prepared hole by applying and press-fitting the mortar wall material, and air pockets were likely to remain in the prepared hole. This residual air pocket will substantially reduce the adhesion area between the mortar wall material and the base plate, which will not only make it impossible to obtain the desired anchoring effect, but also cause the mortar wall material to be damaged by the influence of outside temperature after installation. The remaining air pocket repeatedly expands and contracts, and the resulting stress tends to cause cracks in the mortar wall material applied to the edge of the through hole.

In addition, in the latter case, the adhesion of the synthetic resin foam itself to the mortar material used as the surface board is poor and its strength is low, so the anchoring effect of the mortar material in the grooves etc. drilled in the foam material and the Even with the anchoring effect of the lumps of the hydraulic composition filled in or protruding from the grooves, it is still difficult to exhibit sufficient adhesion to the mortar material.

<Means for Solving the Problems> The present invention eliminates the disadvantages of these conventional techniques and provides a mortar base plate with a novel configuration that can exhibit great adhesion to the mortar wall material to be overcoated. The purpose is to

The mortar base plate according to the present invention, which has been devised to achieve the above object, has a plurality of independent opening diameters of 4 to 251.
The present invention is characterized in that a surface coating layer made of a hydraulic inorganic material and having blind holes formed therein is provided on the surface of the substrate. The total opening area of the blind holes is preferably within the range of 1.3 to 60% in terms of the surface area ratio of the surface coating layer.

The surface coating layer may be formed on the substrate surface via a waterproof layer.

<Function> The mortar coating material to be top coated is filled and adhered to the plurality of blind holes drilled in the surface of the surface coating layer of the mortar base plate in an anchoring manner. In order to fully demonstrate the adhesion caused by this anchor hardening, the diameter of the blind hole should be set between 4 and 251 mm. The total opening area on the surface of the surface coating layer is preferably within the range of 13 to 60% as surface area cost.

By forming the blind hole so that the cross-sectional area at the lower part J is larger than the opening area at the upper part, the adhesive area with the mortar coating material increases and the adhesion strength is further enhanced.

<Specific description of the structure> The structure of the mortar base plate according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. , an inorganic board, etc. are used.

A waterproof layer 2 made of one or a mixture of synthetic resins, synthetic rubbers, etc. is provided on the surface of the substrate 1, if necessary.

A surface coating layer 3 is provided on the entire surface of the substrate 1 directly or via a waterproof layer 2. This surface coating layer 3 is mainly made of a hydraulic inorganic material such as cement, gypsum, slag, etc.
In addition, as necessary, aggregates such as silica sand, calcium carbonate, talc, clay, shirasu balloons, vermiculite, perlite, foamed or crushed synthetic resin particles, wood flour, fly ash, glass fiber, rock wool, pulp, and wood fibers are added. , organic or inorganic fibers such as coconut fibers, nylon, vinylon, and polypropylene fibers, as well as admixtures such as polyvinyl alcohol, methyl cellulose, and synthetic resins, and waterproofing agents.

It is preferable that the surface coating layer 3 has a thickness of at least 31 mm or more. If it is thinner than this, the depth of the blind holes described below will be insufficient, making it impossible to obtain the desired anchoring effect. The upper limit of the thickness of the surface coating layer is not particularly limited, but in consideration of workability as a mortar base plate, it is 15 to 30.
, the degree is realistic. The thickness of the surface coating layer is determined by applying one coat of mortar wall material, which will be described later, to the fire prevention structure wall, which is a fire prevention regulation for house construction as stipulated in the Building Standards Act, the Enforcement Order of the Act, and the Enforcement Regulations of the Act. It is preferable to make adjustments so that structural walls, such as between top-coated walls or the like, can be obtained.

A plurality of blind holes 4 are formed on the surface of the surface coating layer 3. The blind holes 4 have the function of allowing the mortar wall material to be overcoated to adhere in an anchor-like manner and increasing the adhesion force by expanding the bonding area to the mortar wall material. In order to effectively exhibit this effect, it is preferable that the blind hole 4 is formed so that the cross-sectional area at the bottom is larger than the opening area at the top. It is preferable to form a trapezoidal cross section with an opening area of 65 to 95%.If it is less than 0.65%, the adhesive area will increase, but the opening will be narrow (and the mortar wall material will not be coated). During installation, the air inside the blind hole becomes difficult to be pushed out from inside, which tends to cause cracks to occur due to the expansion of the remaining air.Also, if it exceeds 95%, there will be no problem with the residual air, but if the inner wall of the blind hole Since it is almost vertical, the effect of increasing the bonding area is diminished.

The cross-sectional shape of the blind hole 4 is not limited to a trapezoidal shape, but any shape having an internal cross-sectional area larger than the opening area can exhibit the same effects as described above. Figure 3(a)
-(d) illustrate other preferred cross-sectional shapes.

In addition, the approximately drum shape shown in the same figure (a) or the same figure (b)
In the case of the approximately hexagonal shape shown in , the central part has the largest cross-sectional area, so the opening area and/or bottom area is formed in a range of 65 to 95% of the cross-sectional area of the central part. It is preferable.

The blind hole 4 has an opening diameter of 4 on the surface of the surface coating layer 3.
-2511. If the opening diameter is less than 41+mm, the air in the blind hole will not be pushed out to the outside and will tend to remain as an air pocket when applying mortar wall material, reducing the anchoring effect.

In addition, when the opening diameter exceeds 25 mm, the shrinkage rate will increase due to the difference in moisture content between the mortar wall material filled in the blind hole and the mortar wall material coated on the other surface coating layer. Due to the difference, the mortar wall material is more likely to cave in in the blind hole area.

Further, the total opening area of the blind holes 4 on the surface of the surface coating layer 3 is preferably within a range of 1.3 to 60% in terms of surface area ratio. When the surface area ratio is less than 13%, the porosity in the surface coating layer becomes small and the mortar base plate 1
0 becomes too heavy, impairing workability, and it is not possible to improve adhesion by increasing the contact area with the mortar wall material. On the other hand, if the surface area ratio exceeds 60%, although weight reduction can be achieved, it becomes difficult to effectively increase the contact area with the mortar wall material, and the mortar coating layer itself becomes brittle, which is not preferable.

The mortar base plate 10 according to the present invention can be manufactured by the following one culm. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, after forming the waterproof layer 2 on the surface of the substrate 1 as necessary, the mixed material 3° mainly composed of a hydraulic inorganic substance is applied to the entire surface to a desired thickness. . When the applied kneaded material was in an uncured state, a soft synthetic resin sheet 6 was used, on one side of which a large number of independent, approximately cylindrical air-enclosed portions 5 were arranged in a protruding manner, and the air-enclosed portions were formed to protrude. The air-filled portion 5 is buried in the mixed material by stacking the synthetic resin notebook 6 so that its side is in contact with the uncured mixed material 3', and then pressing it from the opposite side of the synthetic resin notebook 6 by hand or using an arbitrary pressing device. . Since synthetic resin Note 6 is a soft material,
By stacking these with the air enclosing part 5 in contact with the surface of the uncured kneaded material and pressing it from the opposite side, the tip or center of the air enclosing part 5 expands due to the pressing force. Uncured crosstalk 3 as an enlarged shape
’ is buried inside. Each air sealing part 5 has a diameter of 4 to 25.1
A material having a substantially cylindrical diameter, the total of which accounts for 13 to 60% of the total surface area of the synthetic resin notebook 6, is preferably used.

Next, the protruding air enclosing portion 5 of the synthetic resin sheet 6 is inserted into the kneaded material 3.
The kneaded material is aged and hardened while being embedded in the mixture to form a mixture layer. Curing is carried out by ordinary temperature curing or steam curing. After the cross-conductor is semi-cured or hardened by curing, the synthetic resin sheet 6 is peeled off. Synthetic resin notebook 6
At the time of peeling, the air-filled portion 5 buried in the mixed material is stretched and extracted from the semi-cured or hardened mixed material. Thus, the traces of the air enclosing part 5, which had been buried in the uncured kneaded material in the enlarged shape described above, have a relatively small opening area at the top and a relatively small cross-sectional area at the center or bottom. A plurality of large blind holes are formed in the mixture layer. Thus, the surface coating layer 3 has a plurality of blind holes 4 formed on its surface.
is obtained, and the mortar base plate 10 according to the present invention is manufactured.

As the soft synthetic resin sheet 6, polyethylene notebook, which has conventionally been widely used as a packaging material, can be suitably used. A plurality of air sealing parts 5 formed on one surface of this polyethylene notebook have a substantially cylindrical shape with rounded upper edges, but when pressed against the uncured kneaded material, the upper end of the cylindrical shape expands. , and is thus press-fitted into the interfering object with a substantially trapezoidal cross section. Therefore, by peeling off the polyethylene notebook after the kneaded material is semi-hardened or hardened, a plurality of blind holes 4 having a substantially trapezoidal cross section can be easily formed in the surface coating layer 3.

The synthetic resin sort used in the above manufacturing process, such as polyethylene notebooks for packaging, may be peeled off before shipping the mortar base plate, but by shipping it in a laminated state, the surface of the mortar base plate can be removed. It can also serve as a surface curing sheet for the coating layer and prevent damage to the surface.

The synthetic resin sheet used as the curing sheet in this manner is peeled off at the construction site before or after construction of the mortar base plate after being shipped.

Further, as another manufacturing process, after forming the waterproof layer 2 on the surface of the substrate 1 as necessary, a kneaded material containing a hydraulic inorganic substance as a main component is applied to the entire surface to a desired thickness. When the applied mixed wire is in an uncured or semi-cured state, it is pressed using an embossing roll having a large number of protrusions on the surface to form blind holes 4, and then cured and cured to form the surface coating layer 3. . The embossing roll may be made of steel, rubber, or synthetic resin. As described above, it is preferable that the blind hole 4 is formed to have a lower cross-sectional area larger than its upper opening area, but this is because the hydraulic inorganic material is This can be achieved by compressing the surface with a smooth roll in an uncured state to narrow the upper opening of the blind hole 4. Further, by pressing an embossing roll provided with elastic protrusions, the blind holes 4 can be formed in a shape corresponding to the elastic protrusions that are deformed into a drum shape by the pressing force.

Mortar base plate 10 of the present invention manufactured in this way
As shown in FIG.
A plurality of sheets are butted together and fixed with nails 12 for use. After fixing, apply joint tape to the butt joints and perform joint treatment 13 by applying a joint filler, etc., then spray mortar wall material 14 on the surface and apply it by troweling etc. so as to fill the inside of the blind hole 3. . When tiling the wall surface, the tiles can be attached after applying the mortar wall material, or the tiles can be directly connected.

As mentioned above, the mortar base plate of the present invention can be used in house construction as described in the Building Standards Act, the Enforcement Order of the Act, and the Enforcement Regulations of the Act, by simply applying mortar wall material on its surface once. It is possible to obtain a fireproof structure or a structure equivalent to an earth-coated wall that meets fire prevention regulations. Here, "one-time application of mortar wall material" means that the mortar wall material applied on the base material (mortar base board) will not cause sag or sag cracks between the time it is applied and the time it cures and hardens. It refers to a coating process that does not cause the formation of oxidation, and the coating thickness is generally limited to about 10 to 121. In addition to the case where a coating thickness of 10 to 12I is obtained with one trowel coating, after the first trowel coating has been applied to a coating thickness of 5 to 6111, in a basically wet state before curing and curing. Apply the second coat with a trowel to a coating thickness of 5 to 6 sheets, totaling 10 to 12 m.
The case of obtaining a coating thickness of - (so-called follow-up coating in plastering terms) is also included in the above-mentioned "one-time coating of mortar wall material."

According to experiments conducted by the present inventors, in order to obtain a wall with a structure equivalent to that of a clay lacquered box, a coating thickness of about 13 U or more is required for ordinary mortar, and a coating thickness of about 10 U or more is required for special mortar. In addition, in order to obtain a fireproof structural wall, the coating thickness must be approximately 18 mm or more in the case of ordinary mortar, and approximately 15 mm in the case of special mortar.
Each layer required a coating thickness that was at least shoulder-to-shoulder thick. The numerical values of each coating thickness mentioned above mean the sum of the thickness of the surface coating layer of the mortar base plate and the thickness of the mortar top coating layer applied and formed on the surface. Therefore, assuming that ordinary mortar is used, if the thickness of the surface coating layer is 3 mm or more, a wall with a structure equivalent to that of an earthen wall can be obtained with one coat of mortar wall material. If so, a fireproof structural wall can be obtained by applying one coat of mortar wall material. As mentioned above, if the surface coating layer is less than 31, the depth of the blind holes will be insufficient and the desired anchoring effect will not be obtained, making it difficult to obtain the above-mentioned prescribed coating thickness. It is. When using special mortar, by applying a surface coating layer with a thickness of 3 or more layers, a wall with a structure equivalent to an earthen wall can be created with one coat of mortar wall material, and with a thickness of 51 or more, a mortar wall can be created. A fireproof structural wall can be obtained with one coat of wood.

When attempting to obtain a wall surface structure equivalent to an earth-coated wall using the mortar base plate of the present invention, for example, a mortar base plate with a surface coating layer formed to a thickness of three blades is nailed onto the external wall base structure. After fixing, ordinary mortar is applied to the surface, and the blind holes are filled with the ordinary mortar, and a 7 mm thick overcoat layer of the ordinary mortar is further formed on the surface of the surface coating layer. As a result, a coating thickness of surface coating layer thickness (3-m) ten top coating layer thickness (7-*) = 10+u is obtained, which falls within the structural performance range such as between top coating walls. In addition, the surface coating layer was 101. By applying ordinary mortar sufficient to fill the blind holes on the surface of a thick mortar base plate, a mortar coating thickness of 10 mm can be ensured, resulting in a structural performance range equivalent to that of an earth-coated wall.

Further, for example, after the mortar base plate of the present invention having a surface coating layer formed to a thickness of 5 cm is nailed and fixed on the outer wall base structure,
Assuming that a special mortar is applied to the surface, the blind holes are filled with the special mortar, and an overcoat layer of the special mortar is further formed on the surface of the applied layer to a thickness of 10%, 5++ *110Im=15++Lin mortar coating thickness is obtained, and a wall surface within the fireproof structure performance range is obtained.

Also, 25. In the case of using a mortar base plate having a surface coating layer with a thickness of , a fireproof structural wall can also be obtained by filling the blind holes with ordinary mortar to ensure a mortar coating thickness of 251 mm.

<Effects of the Invention> According to the present invention, there is provided a mortar base plate provided with a surface coating layer in which a plurality of blind holes are formed on the surface of the base plate, and after this is nailed and fixed onto the base structure material. Mortar wall material can be applied immediately. The coated mortar wall material enters a plurality of blind holes formed in the surface coated layer of the mortar base plate and is tightly attached like an anchor. If the shape of the hole is made so that the cross-sectional area at the bottom is larger than the surface opening area at the top, the anchoring effect is further improved and the adhesion area to the mortar wall material is increased, so the adhesion strength is improved. Since the blind holes are opened directly on the surface of the mortar base plate, the mortar wall material is filled throughout the blind holes, preventing air from remaining in the blind holes. Therefore, it is possible to prevent cracks that occur due to the contraction and expansion of residual air.Furthermore, by using the mortar base plate of the present invention, a wall with a fireproof structure or a wall with a structure equivalent to an earth-coated wall can be created using one of the mortar wall materials. It has the effect of being easily obtained by multiple coatings.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing the structure of the mortar base plate of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged sectional view thereof, and Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the blindness formed on the surface coating layer of the mortar base plate of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the shape of the hole, FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a preferred method of manufacturing the mortar base plate of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of construction of the mortar base plate of the present invention. It is a diagram. Explanation of symbols 1...Substrate 2...Waterproof layer 3...Surface coating layer
4...Blind hole 5...Air sealing part 6...Synthetic resin notebook 10...Mortar base plate

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) A mortar base comprising a surface coating layer made of a hydraulic inorganic substance, on the surface of which a plurality of independent blind holes each having an opening diameter of 4 to 25 mm are provided. Main plate. (2) The mortar base according to claim 1, which is formed so that the total opening area of the blind holes on the surface of the surface coating layer has an opening ratio of 1.3 to 60% in terms of the surface area ratio. Main plate. (3) The mortar base plate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the surface coating layer is formed on the surface of the substrate via a waterproof layer. (4) The surface coating layer is composed of a coating thickness of 5 mm or more, and a fireproof structural wall can be obtained with one coat of mortar coating material.
The mortar base plate according to any one of claims 1 to 3. (5) The mortar base according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the surface coating layer has a coating thickness of 3 mm or more, and a wall with a structure equivalent to that of an earthen coated wall can be obtained with one application of the mortar coating material. Main plate.