JPH04136270A - Yarn treatment-finishing oil - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the title finishing oil providing yarn with excellent flexibility and smoothness, comprising a specific anionic surfactant, a smoothing agent containing wax having a specific melting point and a nonionic surfactant and a cationic softener. CONSTITUTION:(A) A polyoxyethylene group-containing anionic surfactant shown by general formula I to VII (R is 8C alkyl or alkenyl; (n) is 6; X is Na, etc., alkanolamine) is blended with (B) a smoothing agent containing wax having 40-110 deg.C melting point and a nonionic surfactant and (C) a cationic softener (e.g. alkyl quaternary ammonium salt) to give a fiber treatment-finishing oil having excellent smoothness. A composition obtained by emulsifying the finishing oil into water has + or -10mV zeta (zeta)-potential and is uniformly and highly stuck to fiber yarns because the compound is neither aggregated nor precipitated by addition of an anionic surfactant and a cationic surfactant.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Second Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an oil agent for textile treatment, and more specifically,
This invention relates to a fiber treatment oil agent for imparting excellent flexibility and smoothness to fiber threads.

[Conventional technology] Traditionally, fiber yarn products have been processed using various waxes, oils, Compositions comprising active agents are used as textile treatment oils. Cationic surfactants are mainly used as surfactants for components that impart flexibility, i.e., "softeners"; As the activator, a nonionic surfactant is used.

In recent years, especially knitting and weaving have become faster and faster. lI
As warm textile products that are rough and difficult to weave tend to be produced, there is a need for an oil agent that enables the production of high-quality products with high efficiency. Generally, when weaving or knitting using yarn-dyed yarn, the dyeing system is oiled with an oil to impart flexibility and smoothness to the yarn, and then weaving or knitting is performed.

Among the dyeing systems, deep color dyeing systems (A) are treated with a fixing treatment using a so-called "fixing agent" after dyeing in order to improve dye fastness. Since the fixed yarn becomes extremely coarse and hard, it has poor knitting and weaving properties, and the quality of the finished textile product also deteriorates.

This fixing agent is generally polyamine-based or quaternary
A kanaonic polymer compound such as a class ammonium salt is used, and it adheres to the surface of the dyeing system and positively charges the yarn surface.

With this deep color dyeing system), even if you oil the fix treatment system with an oil mixed with the nonionic smoothing agent and cationic softener, the oil will not stick to the yarn and will give you the desired flexibility and smoothness. There was a problem that only one or two people could obtain sex.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

A method to solve this problem is to oil a nonionic smoothing agent that is negatively charged and has slightly anionic properties to weaken the cationic nature of the yarn surface, and then oil the cationic softener. be. However, this method increases the number of steps by one, which reduces productivity and is inefficient.

Another method is to use an anionic softener and a nonionic smoothing agent together. However, with anionic softeners, sufficient flexibility cannot be obtained, and since the unfixed system has a negative zeta potential, the oil agent is no longer adsorbed onto the yarn. Therefore, it is necessary to use a cationic softener for unfixed systems, but the above-mentioned management of the chemicals used,
Cleaning management of dissolving tanks, oiling tanks, dryers, lines, etc. becomes extremely complicated, and furthermore, the waste liquid processing load increases due to the increase in waste liquid, so this is not an effective method.

From the above, the reality is that no oil agent has been obtained that has excellent flexibility and smoothness for fix treatment systems applied to dyed yarns, especially dark-colored yarns.

The present invention is characterized in that it provides a fiber treatment oil agent that can adhere uniformly and highly to fiber threads and impart excellent flexibility and smoothness. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fiber treatment oil agent that can impart excellent flexibility and smoothness to a fix treatment system.

[A means of saving to solve problems]

The present inventors have obtained new knowledge regarding the adhesion of oil components to fixed-treated systems and untreated systems, particularly regarding the relationship between the type of surfactant, the zeta potential of the oil diluted liquid, and the adhesion to yarn. This completes the present invention.

Conventionally, it has been thought that oiling, which causes flocculation and precipitation or flocculation, is impossible with oils containing a mixture of anionic surfactants and cationic surfactants. In fact, although this is the case with most anionic and cationic surfactants, among anionic surfactants, sulfonate, sulfate ester, and carboxylate types containing more than a certain amount of polyoxadiethylene groups It has been found that surfactants do not cause aggregation even when mixed with cationic surfactants. Furthermore, when a smoothing agent was prepared by emulsifying wax using the above-mentioned surfactant or nonionic surfactant and mixed with a cationic softener and oiled, no aggregation was observed. I found out. Furthermore, what is interesting is that the relationship between zeta potential and adhesion was investigated by changing the mixing rate of the smoothing agent and softener.When the zeta potential was around ±QmV,
It was found that the adhesion was uniformly high in both the fix-treated and untreated systems.

That is, the fiber treatment oil of the present invention has -Ii as shown in the previous figure.
1 selected from compounds represented by formulas (1) to (■)
species or two or more types of anionic surfactants, melting point 40~
The composition is characterized by emulsifying in water a mixture containing a smoothing agent (a) containing a 110°C wax and a nonionic surfactant, and a cationic softener (b).

The smoothing agent (a) is a component for imparting flexibility to the filament.

Examples of the wax that is a component of the smoothing agent include natural and synthetic hydrocarbon waxes, glycerides, waxes, and oxides and acid-modified products thereof. Natural waxes include hydrogenated hydrogenated fats and oils obtained by hydrogenating beef tallow or tallow, beeswax, hydrogenated whale wax, carnauba wax, camphoria wax, wood wax, bran wax, and other animal and vegetable waxes, paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, Examples include mineral waxes such as montan wax and sericin wax. In addition, as a synthetic wax,
Examples include low molecular weight polyethylene wax, polypropylene wax, wax produced by the Finnjar-Tropsch method, and the like.

If the melting point of this wax is less than 40°C, the smoothness will decrease, and if the melting point exceeds 110°C, the emulsion stability, especially mechanical stability will decrease, making it difficult for the oil agent to adhere uniformly to the yarn. Powdering is more likely to occur. In addition, the content of this wax is the sum of the anionic surfactant, wax, and nonionic surfactant to 100 parts by weight (hereinafter referred to as
It's simply called evil. ), a range of 50 to 80 parts is appropriate. If the content is less than 50 parts, the smoothness will be insufficient, and if it exceeds 80 parts, the flexibility or emulsion stability will decrease.

The anionic surfactant as the smoothing agent component is a sulfonic acid, sulfuric acid, various salts of carboxylic acid, or an ester of alkanolamine, as represented by (1) to (■). , alkanolamine is OH
and an amino group (for example, HO-R'-N
H2), and various component compounds of this type constitute esters of various acids.

The reason why these compounds are used is that even if they are mixed with a cationic surfactant or a cationic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant, V concentration does not occur. In this anionic surfactant, the number of moles of polyoxyethylene groups added in the molecule is 6 moles or more. If the amount is less than 6 moles, L Mansion becomes unstable when mixed with a cationic softener. Further, the content of the anionic surfactant is suitably in the range of 2 to 25 parts when the total of the anionic surfactant, wax, and nonionic surfactant is 100 parts. If the content is less than 2 parts, the zeta potential of the solution diluted with water is: 10 m
This is because it becomes difficult to adjust the voltage within V. Also,
Conversely, if the content exceeds 25%, smoothness will be insufficient.

Examples of the nonionic surfactant as the smoothing agent component include polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl naphthyl ether, polyoxyethylenated castor oil, polyoxyethylene alkylamide, and polyoxyethylene. -Polyoxypropylene glycol, polyoxine ethylene fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene propylene glycol fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, glycerin fatty acid ester,
Examples include sorbitan fatty acid ester, pentaerythritol fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester, fatty acid monoethanolamide, fatty acid jetanolamide, and the like.

The content of the nonionic surfactant is preferably in the range of 5 to 410 parts, assuming that the total of the anionic surfactant, wax, and nonionic surfactant is 100 parts. If the content is less than 15 parts, it is difficult to obtain a stable emulsion, and if it exceeds 40 parts, it is difficult to obtain desired smoothness.

The cationic softener is a component for exhibiting a softening effect, and as a fabric softener, a cationic compound used for boat fishing can be used. For example, T
Examples include alkyl quaternary ammonium salts, alkylamines, alkanolamine fatty acid esters, polyamine polyamides, alkylimidacillins, and their respective salts.

The zeta potential of the oil agent for fiber treatment of the present invention, that is, a composition obtained by emulsifying predetermined components in water, is preferably within ±10 mV.

This zeta potential is:! If the zeta potential is outside the range of =lQmV, the adhesion of the oil agent will decrease if the zeta potential has the same sign as the surface of the yarn to be treated, which is not preferable. Further, when the zeta potential is within the range of ±''2 DmV, good adhesion is exhibited regardless of whether or not fixing is performed.

The #a textile treatment oil of the present invention consists of the above-mentioned essential components, but other optional components include fragrances, solvents such as higher alcohols, preservatives, antifungal agents, antifoaming agents, sulfuric acid, etc. Inorganic compounds, pH! l! A stimulant or the like can be used as appropriate.

The method for producing the oil agent for fiber treatment of the present invention can be carried out, for example, as follows. That is, first, a predetermined anionic surfactant, wax, and nonionic surfactant are dissolved, heated and stirred, and warm water at a predetermined temperature is gradually added to emulsify.
Cool to prepare a smoothing agent emulsion. Furthermore, a predetermined cationic softener and water are mixed, heated and stirred to prepare an emulsion, and this is cooled to prepare a softener emulsion. Then,
This softener emulsion is gradually added to this smoothing agent emulsion and mixed to produce (prepare) the present fiber treatment oil agent.

1: Example] The present invention will now be explained in detail with reference to Examples.

In addition, in the following Examples and Comparative Examples, "parts" mean parts by weight.

(1) Examination of surfactants for smoothing agent The cationic surfactant used as softener a shown below or part of the cationic surfactant used for smoothing agent C1 in Table 2, and Anionic surfactant a,
When 1 part of each of b or c was mixed, no aggregation occurred. Further, even when 1 part of the nonionic surfactants a to C shown in the same table were added to this composition, no aggregation occurred.

On the other hand, in the cationic surfactant, CleH5sO5
○When a commonly used anionic surfactant having the &I structure of 3Na was mixed in the same proportion as above, it agglomerated.

Also, C12Ha, O(E O) n S○, Nac'
) Regarding the number of n, when n was 4, the emulsion became unstable when mixed with the cationic softener a. However, if n is 6 or 15,
In both cases, the emulsions became stable.

In particular, when n was 15, the results were even better.

From the above, it has been found that even if a sulfate type or carboxylic acid type anionic surfactant with n of 6 or more is added to a commonly used cationic surfactant, no aggregation occurs and the emulsion is stabilized. did.

(2) Preparation of oil for fiber treatment First, a softener emulsion having the composition shown in Table 1 and a smoothing agent emulsion having the composition shown in Table 2 were prepared by FA.

This softener a was manufactured as follows. That is,
73 parts of adipic acid was placed in a 5-layer adjustable flask equipped with a nitrogen inlet tube, a stirrer, a thermometer, a dropping flask, and a reflux condenser with a test tube. and drip. Next, a dehydration reaction is performed at 155 to 260°C for 180 minutes. Stearic acid 28 separately heated and melted at 100℃
170-175 after dropping 4 evil over 60 minutes.
The mixture is heated to ℃ and the dehydration reaction is carried out for 150 minutes. After the reaction is complete,
Cool to 100-110°C and add epichlorohydrin 92
．． 5 parts were added dropwise over 60 minutes, reacted for an additional 90 minutes, and l! I made one. Note that the concentration of this cationic surfactant compound is 94% by weight.

Furthermore, to prepare the softener, put stearic acid 274 in a 570 separable flask similar to that used in the synthesis reaction of softener a, and heat it to 150-160°C. L, n-(β-aminoethyl)ethanolamine 104 was added dropwise over 30 minutes, followed by dehydration reaction at 155-160°C for 180 minutes. Note that the concentration of this cationic surfactant compound is 95% by weight.

The fabric softener dispersion was prepared by mixing a predetermined cationic fabric softener with water, etc., having the composition shown in Table 1, and
Make an emulsion by heating and stirring at ±5℃, and add it to 40±5℃.
It was cooled to

Table 1 The composition of the smoothing agent is shown in Table 2. To prepare a smoothing agent dispersion having this composition, first, a predetermined T-ionic surfactant, wax, and nonionic surfactant are dissolved, and 90±1O
The mixture was stirred at 0.degree. C., then warm water at 90.+-.10.degree. C. was gradually added to emulsify, and the mixture was cooled to 40.+-.10.degree.

After that, the softener itself (only the cationic surfactant compounds of a and b in Table 1, excluding acetic acid and water) and the smoothing agent itself (wax and anionic,
Consists only of nonionic surfactants. Incidentally, stearic acid monoglyceride is included in nonionic surfactants. ) The softener emulsion was gradually added to the smoothing agent emulsion and mixed so that the concentration of the lubricant was in the ratio shown in Table 3 to prepare the present wL textile treatment oil.

(3) Performance evaluation Each of the above-mentioned fiber treatment oils (Examples 1 to 4, Comparative Examples 1 to 6)
The zeta potential and various performances of conventional examples of untreated and untreated systems were evaluated, and the results are shown in Table 3 and the figure. The performance test items and methods for this oil are shown below.

(This line, blank space) [Performance test] Using each oil agent, oiling was carried out under the following oiling conditions on a dark blue dyed yarn made of 100% cotton 40-count wheel yarn and dyed using 5% reactive dye to the yarn. did.

Oil concentration: 2.5% o, w, f.

Bath ratio: 1:20 Processing temperature x time: 40°C x 15 minutes drying; After centrifugal dehydration, dry at 100°C for 60 minutes [Evaluation items] ■ Zeta potential (mV): PEN KEM I N
C-made laser rotating prism type colloidal particle zeta potential measuring device RrLAsERZEETM MODEL501
Use J.

■Adhesive oil content (%): IPA (isopropyl alcohol)
Soxhlet extraction was performed with a mixed solvent of /benzene.

■Attachment 88 (%) = (adhered oil content/oil pure treatment concentration)
100 (i) Coefficient of dynamic friction (μd100): The coefficient of dynamic friction between thread and metal was measured by the thread running method.

Contact angle: 180 degrees, Friction terminal: 25 mm stainless steel round bar, Thread speed: 100 m/min 0 Knitting property (g): "Knitting property testing machine" manufactured by Zizai Keiki Co., Ltd. was used.

Thread speed: 100m/min ■Texture: 5% with Danfix 707 (manufactured by Nittobo)
o, w, f, After fixing at 50°C for 15 minutes, washing with water was performed for 5 minutes, and the texture was evaluated by handling. Evaluation: ◎: Good texture, ○: Fairly good, △:
Usually, X means inferior.

As shown in Table 3, in all of Examples 1 to 4, both in the unfixed system and in the fixed treated system, all performances were good, showing excellent practical characteristics. Furthermore, as shown in the relationship between zeta potential and adhesion rate shown in the figure, in Examples 1 to 4, the zeta potential was -7
~+3, and both non-fixed and fixed systems exhibit excellent adhesion rates.

Effects of the Invention] The oil agent for treating fiber M1 of the present invention contains both an anionic surfactant and a cationic surfactant, but it does not agglomerate, is easy to oil, and is uniformly applied to the fiber threads. High adhesion and exhibits excellent flexibility and smoothness.

In particular, the zeta potential of oil (emulsion) is -110 to +
When the voltage is 10 mV, the adhesion rate is high in both the unfixed system and the fixed treated system, exhibiting excellent flexibility and smoothness, and a very wide range of application.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The figure is a graph showing the relationship between zeta potential and adhesion rate in Examples. Patent applicant: Yushiro Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Representative: Patent attorney: Kiyoji Kojima (mV)

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) One or more anionic surfactants selected from the compounds represented by general formulas (I) to (VII) shown below, a wax with a melting point of 40 to 110°C, and a nonionic surfactant. 1. An oil agent for textile treatment, characterized in that it is a composition obtained by emulsifying a mixture of a smoothing agent (a) containing a smoothing agent and a cationic softener (b) in water. ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼(I) ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼(II) ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼(III) ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼( IV) ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼(V) ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼(VI) ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼(VII) (However, R is the number of carbon atoms. at least 8 alkyl or alkenyl groups, n is an integer of at least 6, and X is Na, K, or alkanolamine). (2) The zeta potential of the composition obtained by emulsifying the mixture containing the smoothing agent and the cationic softener in water is ±10 mV.
The oil agent for fiber treatment according to claim 1, wherein the oil agent is within the range below. (3) The smoothing agent has a total of 100% of the anionic surfactant, the wax, and the nonionic surfactant.
3. The fiber treatment agent according to claim 1, comprising, in parts by weight, 2 to 25 parts by weight of the anionic surfactant, 50 to 80 parts by weight of the wax, and 15 to 40 parts by weight of the nonionic surfactant. Oil agent.