JPH04124373A - Staircase ruler and form for pc staircase manufacturing - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simplify size adjustment and to make it possible to assemble a form with high degree of accuracy within a short period by making use of a staircase ruler consisting of a stepping reference ruler, rise face reference ruler, coupling section and link to manufacture a PC staircase manufacturing form. CONSTITUTION:An L-type ruler 10 consisting of a stepping reference ruler 11 having approximately the same length as that of a stepping size T, coupling section 13 extending the ruler 11 and rise face reference ruler 12 having approximately the same length as that a rise size R is coupled a link 20 consisting of an X-shaped coupling link 21 and an interlocking link 22 up and down to from a staircase ruler 1. The stircase ruler 1 is fitted to a rise size R having a story height divided by the coupling link 20 to adjust the height and is formed in the shape of a specific staircase, and it is used to manufacture a PC staircase manufacturing form constituted of a step form 30 supported by a leg 61 fixed to the bottom panel, a stop rear form 40 and a side form 50, and concrete is placed from an upper opening to construct staircases.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] This invention provides a stair ruler that allows easy marking of stair formwork, and a precast concrete (hereinafter referred to as PC) stairway using the stair ruler. The present invention relates to a step formwork assembly method and a step formwork for manufacturing PC stairs that is versatile and easy to adjust dimensions.

[Prior Art and Problems with the Invention] Concrete stairs in concrete buildings have complex shapes, so it takes time to mark out the formwork and manufacture them, making them particularly labor-intensive compared to other parts. ing.

For this reason, there is a demand for PCization of stairs, which is an effective means of saving labor on site and shortening the construction period.

However, as mentioned above, stairs have complex shapes, and the dimensions of each part vary depending on the building, and even if they are built in the same building, the dimensions may vary due to differences in floor height, etc. different. Therefore, even when manufacturing PC stairs, it is necessary to mark each time and create the formwork, which is time-consuming and the reusability of the formwork is extremely poor.
At present, it is not possible to reduce manufacturing costs and shorten manufacturing time, which are the advantages of manufacturing.

In order to solve this problem, versatile formwork that can accommodate any staircase size has been devised, as disclosed in JP-A-55-1.42604 and JP-A-57-1706. .

However, in all such formworks, the tread dimensions and riser dimensions are adjusted for each stage, making adjustment of dimension settings extremely complicated and time consuming.

Therefore, an object of this invention is to provide a stair ruler that allows easy marking of stair formwork and a stepped formwork for manufacturing PC stairs using the stair ruler, in order to save labor and shorten the process on site. To provide a step formwork for manufacturing PC stairs which is versatile and whose dimensions can be easily adjusted in order to more effectively convert the stairs into PC.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above problems, the stair ruler of the present invention has the following features:
At the front end of a tread reference ruler that is approximately the same length as the tread dimension, a connecting part is provided by extending the ruler, and at the rear end of the tread reference ruler, a riser is installed to match the angle between the stair tread and the riser surface. Riser surface reference rulers with approximately the same length as the dimensions are arranged in series to form an L-shaped ruler, and the upper end of the riser surface reference ruler of the lower L-shaped ruler is the same as that of the upper L-shaped ruler. The tread reference rulers of the upper and lower L-shaped rulers, which are located near the front end of the tread reference ruler, are arranged vertically while shifting sequentially so that they are parallel, and the tread reference ruler of each tread-shaped ruler and the upper L The connecting portion of the shape ruler is sequentially connected by pin-joining to an X-shaped connecting link formed by connecting two links of the same length with a pin at the center of each other, and the upper rear part of the connecting link is The interlocking link formed by extending the extending link is further pin-coupled to the rear end of the connecting part of the upper L-shaped ruler, and the upper pin connection point of the interlocking link is connected with the upper and lower pins on the front side of the connecting link. We adopted a configuration in which each point is slidable in the length direction of the tread reference ruler.

Further, if the pin connection point at the rear of the lower part of the connecting link is formed to be slidable in the front-back direction of the tread reference ruler, and a fixing means is provided for fixing the pin connection point at an arbitrary point within the sliding range. In addition to the riser dimension, the tread dimension can also be adjusted, further improving versatility.

In addition, the step formwork for manufacturing pcF# steps adopts a structure in which a tread plate is attached to the tread reference ruler of the above-mentioned mold ruler, and a riser plate is attached to the riser surface reference ruler.

Furthermore, in the method of assembling a step formwork for manufacturing PC stairs of the present invention, the stair ruler is adjusted to predetermined tread dimensions and riser dimensions, and a driving formwork in which the tread board and the riser board are integrally formed is provided. are aligned and positioned along the tread reference ruler and riser reference ruler of the stair ruler.

[Effect]

The stair ruler is made by connecting one or more L-shaped rulers that are more than the number of stairs, and the interval between the tread reference rulers of the L-shaped rulers corresponding to the top and bottom steps of the stairs is determined by the height of the stairs or from the floor to the landing. When the height is adjusted, one X-shaped connecting link opens and closes while sliding in the front and back direction of the tread reference ruler, and the movement is transmitted to each tread shape ruler by the interlocking link, and the tread reference ruler of each tread shape ruler Move to a position where the floor height or the height from the floor to the landing is divided equally by the number of steps.

At this time, since the connecting links of the upper and lower L-shaped rulers slide in the front-rear direction of the tread reference ruler, there is no relative shift in the front-rear direction, and only the vertical distance changes. That is, the tread dimensions do not change, only the top dimensions change.

Further, if the pin connection point at the rear of the lower part of the connecting link is formed to be slidable in the front-rear direction of the tread reference ruler, and a means for fixing the pin connection point is provided, the pin connection point can be slid. When fixed, the relative positions of the upper and lower L-shaped rulers in the front-rear direction shift and the tread dimensions change.

Furthermore, in the stepped formwork for manufacturing PC stairs, in which a tread weir plate and a riser weir plate are respectively attached to each tread reference ruler and riser reference ruler of the stair ruler,
As in the case of the ruler, if the distance between the road surface reference rulers of the L-shaped ruler corresponding to the top and bottom steps of the stairs is adjusted to the floor height, the tread weirs and riser weirs will naturally fall into the specified positions. Move to.

In addition, in the method of assembling step formwork for manufacturing PC stairs, the front end of the tread and the upper end of the riser are connected to each tread reference ruler and riser reference ruler of the stair ruler. Because the formwork is simply lined up, the positioning of the driven formwork can be done with high precision and in a short time. Additionally, since cast-in formwork is used, there is no need to remove the formwork after the concrete has hardened.

〔Example〕

Examples will be described below with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, this staircase ruler 1 is made up of a plurality of L-shaped rulers 10 arranged vertically and connected by links 20.

The L-shaped ruler 10 has a connecting portion 1 formed by extending the ruler 11 at the front end of a tread reference ruler 11 having approximately the same length as the tread dimension T.
3 is provided, and at the rear end of the tread reference ruler 11, a riser reference ruler 12 of approximately the same length as the floor dimension R is successively provided in accordance with the angle formed between the tread and the riser of the stairs.

The plurality of L-shaped rulers 10 are such that the upper end of the riser reference ruler 12 of the lower L-shaped ruler 10 is located near the front end of the tread reference ruler 11 of the upper L-shaped ruler 10, and the upper and lower The tread reference rulers 11 of the L-shaped rulers 10 are arranged one above the other while being sequentially shifted so that they are parallel to each other.

The plurality of L-shaped rulers 10 arranged in this way are connected to each other by a connecting portion 13 between each tread reference ruler 11 and the L-shaped ruler 10 above it.
are sequentially connected by pin-joining to an X-shaped connecting link 21 formed by pin-joining two links 21a and 21b of the same length at their central parts.

Further, the link 21a extending rearward from the upper part of the connecting link 21 is further extended to form an interlocking link 22, and the upper end of the interlocking link 22 is connected to the upper L
It is pin-coupled to the rear end of the connecting portion 13 of the shape ruler 10.

In addition, the pin connection points 14, 15, 16, and 17 are all elongated holes 14a and 15 extending in the front and back direction of the tread reference ruler 11.
a, 16a, 17a with pins 14b, 15b, 1f3b,
17b is inserted, and each link 20 is inserted into the elongated hole 1.
4a, 16a, and 17a.

Furthermore, in order to make it possible to change the tread dimension T to a value that is suitable for practical use, the lower edge of the long hole 15a is formed into a serrated shape, as shown in FIG. This is to ensure that the settings are set correctly.

Each of the pins 14b, 15b, 16b, and 17b has a threaded portion with a wing nut, and by tightening the wing nut, the L-shaped ruler 10 and the link 20 can be fixed.

Further, as shown in the figure, the L-shaped ruler 10 corresponding to the top step of the stairs does not have the riser surface reference ruler 12, and the L-shaped ruler 10 corresponding to the bottom step of the stairs does not have the connecting portion 12.
When using the horizontal stair ruler 1 even if it does not have 3, connect in advance L-shaped rulers 10 that are one or more more than the number of stairs with links 20, and set them to the predetermined tread dimension T. Adjust the pin connection point 15 so that

Then, the distance between the tread reference ruler 11 of the L-shaped ruler 10 corresponding to the bottom step of the stairs and the tread reference ruler 11 of the L-shaped ruler 10 corresponding to the top step of the stairs is determined by the floor height of the building or the height from the floor to the landing. As shown in FIG.
The highest dimension R is set at once to a dimension obtained by equally dividing the floor height by the number of steps of the stairs.

At this time, the pin connection points 14, 16, and 17 of the connecting link 21 and the interlocking link 22 slide to absorb the movement in the front and back directions, so the ruler does not shift in the front and back direction, and the initial setting is maintained. Only the top dimension R changes while maintaining the tread dimension T.

Therefore, in this state, tighten the wing nuts at several of the pin connection points 14, 16, and 17 to maintain this state, and draw the helix along the tread reference ruler 11 and riser surface reference ruler 12. For example, you can easily draw the shape of the stairs you need.

Note that the normal variable width r of the top dimension R is, for example, when the tread dimension T is 251, the top dimension is R = 17 to 20C.
1 is common, so about 3c11 is appropriate.

In order to accommodate this variable width r of the top dimension R, as shown in FIG. It is necessary to overlap the reference ruler 11 and slide it.

4 and 5 show a PC using the stair ruler 1.
It shows formwork for the manufacture of stairs.

This formwork is composed of a step formwork 30, a step formwork 40, and a side formwork 50, which are supported by a plurality of legs 61 fixed to a bottom board 60 with the width direction of the stairs being vertically interposed. The concrete is to be poured through the opening. Therefore, the width of the stairs can be adjusted by changing the concrete placement height.

The step form 30 is obtained by attaching a tread weir plate 31 and a riser weir plate 32 to the tread reference ruler 11 and riser reference ruler 12 of the stair ruler 1 described above.

Therefore, after setting the tread dimension T to a predetermined dimension in the same way as the stair ruler 1 described above, if the interval between the tread reference rulers 11 of the L-shaped rulers 10 at the top and bottom of the stairs is adjusted to the floor height, the tread The weir plate 31 and the riser weir plate 32 move together with the L-shaped ruler 10, and a step formwork 30 of a predetermined size is immediately formed.

However, in order to cope with the movement of the L-shaped ruler 10, the uppermost dimension R
It is necessary to shorten the width of the riser weir plate 32 by the variable width r of (and also make the width of the tread weir plate 31 somewhat shorter. In this case, as the L-shaped ruler 10 moves, the width of the riser weir plate 31.
The gap between 32 is a notch material 33 for non-slip step edge.
It can be closed by attaching.

6 and 7 show a method of assembling the step form 30a using a PC driving form 70 in which a step board 71 and a riser board 72 are integrally molded as the step form.

First, the above-mentioned stair ruler 1 is adjusted to a predetermined tread dimension and top dimension, and the cut-back formwork 40 formed by the weir board is
and the aforementioned side formwork 50 are set on the bottom board 60, and the stair ruler 1 is attached horizontally as shown.

Then, by aligning the PC driving form 70 along the tread reference ruler 11 and riser reference ruler 12 of the stair circumference al, a step form 30a is formed. At this time, P
Since the C driving formwork 70 stands on its own, there is no need to fix it.

Further, in the PC driving form 70, the length of the riser 72 is made slightly longer than the maximum value of the uppermost dimension, so that it is configured to be swallowed by the end of the tread plate 71 of the adjacent PC driving form 70. Changes in the top dimension can be dealt with by changing the swallowing dimension.

In addition, in order to accommodate changes in the tread dimensions, the tread 71 of the PC driving formwork 70 is set to the minimum tread dimension, and the gap created by the dimension adjustment is adjusted using the tread standard ruler 11.
It is necessary to close it with a closing plate 71a installed in advance, or to prepare in advance several types of PC driving forms 70 with different tread sizes so that no gaps are created.

Furthermore, by inserting a lightweight material 75 such as styrene foam into the triangular portions of the risers 72 and treads 71 of the assembled step formwork 30a, the weight of the PC staircase steps can be reduced.

In addition, it is preferable to drive anchor reinforcements 74 into the PC casting formwork 70 in order to increase the bonding force with the post-cast concrete part. However, in this embodiment, the ends of the welded wire mesh 73 driven for reinforcement are extended to the outside to serve as anchor reinforcements 74.

〔effect〕

As described above, with the stair ruler of the present invention, simply by setting the height or the height from the floor to the landing, the tread reference ruler and riser reference ruler move to instantly form the shape of the stair step. It is extremely easy to adjust the dimensions, and you can easily draw the shape of the steps of a staircase by drawing a line along a ruler.

In addition, the step formwork for manufacturing PC stairs with shedding plates attached to this ruler can be used for stairs with different treads and top dimensions, so the formwork can be used for other purposes. Just as with the case, you only need to set it according to the height of the floor, and each shearing board will automatically move to the predetermined position, making it extremely easy to adjust the dimensions.

Furthermore, in the method of assembling step formwork for PC staircase manufacturing in which the PC driving formwork is lined up and positioned along the ruler, since the step formwork is simply aligned with the ruler whose dimensions can be easily adjusted, the step formwork is aligned and positioned along the ruler. Formwork can be assembled quickly and accurately, and the trouble of removing the weir plates after the concrete has hardened is also eliminated.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a side view showing one embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an enlarged view showing one of the elongated holes shown above, Fig. 3 is an action view showing movement during dimension adjustment, and Fig. 4. 5 is a plan view showing another embodiment, FIG. 5 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the same, FIG. 6 is a plan view showing one state when the method according to the present invention is implemented, and FIG. 7 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the same. It is. 1...Stair ruler, 10...L-shaped ruler, 11...Tread standard ruler, 12...
・Riser surface reference ruler, 13...Connection part, 14.15.16.17...Pin connection, 14a
, 15a, 16a, 17a... long hole, 14b,
15b, 16b, 17b...pin, 20...
...Link, 21...Connection link,
22...Interlocking link, 30.30a...Step formwork, 31...Tread weir plate, 32...Riser weir plate, 33... ...Notch material, 40...
...Step formwork, 50...Side formwork, 60
...Bottom board, 61...Legs, 70...PC driven formwork, 71...Treadboard, 71a...Closing plate, 72. ...Riser board, 73...Welded wire mesh, 74...Anchor reinforcement, 75...Lightweight material.

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) At the front end of a tread reference ruler that is approximately the same length as the tread dimension, a connecting part is provided by extending the ruler, and at the rear end of the tread reference ruler, a connection part is provided that is aligned with the angle formed between the tread and riser surface of the stairs. Riser surface reference rulers with approximately the same length as the riser dimension are connected in series to form an L-shaped ruler, and the upper end of the riser surface reference ruler of the lower L-shaped ruler is the upper L-shaped ruler. The tread reference rulers of the upper and lower L-shaped rulers are located near the front end of the tread reference ruler of the shape ruler, and are arranged vertically while shifting sequentially so that they are parallel to each other. The connecting portion of the upper L-shaped ruler is sequentially connected to an X-shaped connecting link formed by pin-joining two links of the same length at the center of each other, and one of the connecting links is An interlocking link formed by extending the link extending rearward at the top is further pin-coupled to the rear end of the connecting part of the upper L-shaped ruler,
A stair ruler in which the upper pin connection point of the interlocking link and the upper and lower pin connection points on the front side of the connection link are each formed to be slidable in the front-rear direction of the tread reference ruler. (2) A pin connecting point at the rear of the lower part of the connecting link is formed to be slidable in the front-rear direction of the tread reference ruler, and a fixing means is provided for fixing the pin connecting point at an arbitrary point within the sliding range ( 1) Ruler for stairs mentioned above. (3) A stepped part for manufacturing PC stairs, which is formed by attaching a tread sheath plate to the tread reference ruler and a riser weir plate to the riser reference ruler of the L-shaped ruler according to claim (1) or (2). Formwork. (4) The stair ruler according to claim (1) or (2) is adjusted to predetermined tread dimensions and riser dimensions, and the driving formwork in which the tread board and the riser board are integrally molded is applied to the tread surface of the stair ruler. A method for assembling stepped formwork for manufacturing PC stairs, in which the pieces are aligned and positioned along a reference ruler and a riser surface reference ruler.