JPH04118136U - liquid separator - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] To reliably prevent liquid leakage due to collapse of a separation membrane in a liquid separation device using a pervaporation method, without increasing the size of the device or reducing liquid separation capacity. [Structure] A first frame member (1) constituting a liquid chamber (11) and a second frame member (2) constituting a vaporization gas chamber (12), with a separation membrane (5) interposed between them. While the first frame member (1) has a liquid inlet (13) and a liquid outlet (14) facing the liquid chamber (11), and the second frame member (2) has a liquid inlet (13) and a liquid outlet (14) facing the liquid chamber (11), and the second frame member (2) has a In a liquid separation device that is configured to form vaporized gas outlets (15) facing the vaporized gas chamber (12) and to reduce the pressure of the vaporized gas chamber (12), the liquid inlet (13)
Comb-shaped notch openings (21), (22), (23) in which protrusions (41), (41) are formed at predetermined intervals inside the liquid outlet (14) and vaporized gas outlet (15), respectively. and further between the first frame member (1) and the separation membrane (5) and the second frame member.
A thin first partition plate (3) and a second partition plate (4) are interposed between the separation membrane (2) and the separation membrane (5).

Description

[Detailed explanation of the idea]

0001

[Industrial application field]

The present invention relates to a liquid separation device using pervaporation.

0002

[Conventional technology]

Pervaporation is a process in which specific liquid components are separated and removed from a mixture of two or more liquids. One of the ways to increase the purity of the other liquid, such as by using a water-selective permeable membrane. A liquid chamber and a vaporized gas chamber are provided on both sides of the separation membrane, and the above-mentioned mixture is placed on the liquid chamber side. While supplying the liquid, the pressure in the vaporization gas chamber is reduced, and the separation membrane is directed toward the vaporization gas chamber. The permeating water component is vaporized and separated on the membrane surface of the separation membrane.

0003 As shown in Fig. 6, the general configuration of such a liquid separation device is as shown in Fig. 6. a first frame that is integrally formed with a rectangular frame body with a liquid chamber 56 in its internal space; It is constructed integrally with the member 51 and a rectangular frame having a predetermined thickness, and its internal space is a second frame member 52 serving as a vaporized gas chamber 57 with a separation membrane 53 sandwiched therebetween; At the same time, a flat plate is provided on the outside of the first frame member 51 and the second frame member 52, respectively. The support plates 54 and 55 are assembled to the first frame member 51, and the liquid chamber 56 is attached to the first frame member 51. A liquid inlet 58 and a liquid outlet 59 consisting of notched openings facing the The member 52 is also provided with a vaporizer, which includes a cutout opening facing the vaporizer gas chamber 57. The gas outlets 60 are formed respectively to constitute one unit, and furthermore, such a unit is By arranging multiple knits in series to form a separation module with the required capacity. There is.

0004 As shown by the broken line arrow in FIG. 6, for example, an organic solvent as a liquid to be separated and While supplying the liquid mixture with water as a separated liquid to the liquid chamber 56, the vaporized gas chamber 57 The pressure is reduced, and the gas passes through the separation membrane 53 and vaporizes on the membrane surface on the vaporized gas outlet 57 side. By discharging vaporized gas (water vapor) from the vaporized gas chamber through the vaporized gas outlet. , the water component is separated and removed from the mixed liquid on the side of the liquid chamber 56 to increase the purity of the organic solvent. The sea urchin is turning.

[0005] By the way, in liquid separation equipment using such conventional pervaporation method, The separation membrane 53 backs up the vaporized gas outlet 60. Therefore, when the vaporized gas chamber 57 side is depressurized, the vaporized gas outlet 60 A part of the separation membrane 53 falls into the vaporized gas outlet 60 at a portion corresponding to As a result, the liquid on the liquid chamber 56 side leaks through the gap created by the fall of the separation membrane 53. For example, the separation ability is inhibited due to a decrease in the degree of vacuum in the vaporization gas chamber 57. Such problems will arise.

[0006] As a means to eliminate such problems, for example, the vaporized gas outlet 60 may be There is a method to prevent the separation membrane 53 from falling by arranging fine spacers. Alternatively, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-111104, the vaporized gas outlet and liquid supply It is known that the shape of the outlet is set so that the outlet does not come into direct contact with the separation membrane. .

[0007]

[Problem that the idea aims to solve]

However, in the case of the former method that uses spacers, the fineness of the This may cause resistance when extracting vaporized gas, leading to a decrease in separation ability. There is.

[0008] In addition, in the case of the latter method, the frame material constituting the liquid chamber and the frame constituting the vaporizing gas chamber are Make sure that the liquid supply/exhaust port and vaporized gas outlet formed on the material do not come into contact with the separation membrane. The thickness of each frame material is relatively large. As a result, due to the increase in the module thickness dimension, the liquid separation device There is a problem in that the equipment becomes larger.

[0009] Therefore, the present invention aims to increase the size of the device and improve the liquid separation device using pervaporation. Reliably prevents liquid leakage due to drop in separation membrane without reducing liquid separation capacity. This was done for the purpose of making it possible to stop.

0010

[Means to solve the problem]

In the present invention, as a means to solve such problems, examples are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. As shown in FIG. 11 and a first frame member 1 whose outer periphery is a fastening part 1b, and its internal space. The space 2a is a vaporized gas chamber 12 into which vaporized gas produced by vaporizing the separated liquid is introduced. and the second frame member 2 whose outer periphery is the fastening part 2b, between them the above-mentioned They are assembled together with a separation membrane 5 that allows the liquid to be separated to permeate therebetween. The liquid chamber 11 and the vaporized gas chamber 12 are brought into contact with each other via the separation membrane 5. On the other hand, the fastening portion 1b of the first frame member 1 has a liquid inlet 13 facing the liquid chamber 11 and a liquid outlet. 14, and the fastening part 2b of the second frame member 2 has a vaporizer facing the vaporizer gas chamber 12. The gas outlet 15 is formed respectively, and the vaporized gas chamber 12 is depressurized. In the liquid separation device, the liquid inlet 13 and the liquid outlet 14 of the first frame member 1 and the upper The vaporized gas outlet 15 of the second frame member 2 is connected to the inside of the fastening portion 1b, 2b, respectively. When it is composed of cutout openings 21, 22, and 23 facing the spaces 1a and 2a, Also, inside each of the notch openings 21, 22, 23, there is a protrusion 41 extending in the direction of the notch. 41,... are formed at predetermined intervals, and the first frame member 1 and the second frame member 2 are further separated. the membrane 5 between the first frame member 1 and the separation membrane 5 and between the second frame member 2 and the separation membrane 5. In between, there are fastening surfaces 3a, 4 having shapes corresponding to the fastening parts 1b, 2b of each of the frame members 1, 2, respectively. The first partition plate 3 and the second partition plate 4, which are thin plates having a diameter of a, are interposed and are fastened together. It is characterized by

[0011]

[Effect]

In the present invention, the mixed liquid is supplied into the liquid chamber 11 from the liquid inlet 13, and the liquid mixture is supplied into the vaporized gas chamber 12. By reducing the pressure in the mixture, the pressure difference between both sides of the separation membrane 5 causes the The separated liquid component permeates into the separation membrane 5 and is vaporized on the membrane surface on the vaporization gas chamber 12 side. It becomes a vaporized gas and is discharged from the vaporized gas outlet 15. This allows the above mixture The liquid is made into a highly purified separated liquid and is taken out from the liquid outlet 14.

0012 In this case, the liquid inlet 13, liquid outlet 14, and vaporized gas outlet 15 of the separation membrane 5 are In the corresponding portions, there is a gap between the first frame member 1, the second frame member 2, and the separation membrane 5. A first partition plate 3 and a second partition plate 4 are respectively partitioned, and each partition plate 3, 4 is divided into a first partition plate 3 and a second partition plate 4. The ridges 41, 41 provided at the inlet 13, liquid outlet 14 and vaporized gas outlet 15 respectively This structure prevents it from falling inward and ensures its partitioning effect. Therefore, even though the vaporization gas chamber 12 is depressurized, the separation membrane 5 It is possible to reliably prevent the liquid from falling into the liquid inlet 13, liquid outlet 14 and vaporized gas outlet 15 side. will be stopped. Therefore, there is a gap between the first frame member 1 or the second frame member 2 and the separation membrane 5. , and the mixed liquid leaks from the liquid chamber 11 side to the vaporized gas chamber 12 side. Therefore, the degree of vacuum in the vaporizing gas chamber 12 is always maintained at an appropriate level.

[0013] Furthermore, in this case, the liquid inlet 13, the liquid outlet 14, and the vaporized gas outlet 15 are connected to the first frame member. 1 and the second frame member 2 with cutout openings facing the internal spaces 1a and 2a of the second frame member 2. Compared to the case where these are formed inside the first frame member 1 and the second frame member 2, The thickness dimension can be made thinner, and the depression of each of the above-mentioned partition plates 3 and 4 into the liquid inlet 13, etc. can be reduced. This is because it is blocked by the protrusions 41, 41, etc. provided at the liquid inlet 13, etc. The partition plates 3 and 4 do not need to have great strength and are made as thin as possible. As a synergistic effect, the thickness of the device can be increased as much as possible. It is possible to suppress this.

[0014] In addition, the falling force of the separation membrane 5 toward the liquid inlet 13, etc. can be reduced by installing a protrusion provided at the liquid inlet 13, etc. Since it is supported by the ridges 41, 41,..., these protrusions 41, 41,... By setting the formation interval etc. arbitrarily, the liquid or It is easy to set the flow resistance of vaporized gas below an appropriate level; The fall of the separation membrane 5 can be caused by an increase in flow resistance, such as when using a fine spacer. This makes it possible to avoid the accompanying decrease in separation ability.

[0015] Further, the liquid inlet 13, liquid outlet 14 and vaporized gas outlet 15 are all located in the first frame portion. It is composed of a cutout opening facing the internal space 1a, 2a of the material 1 or the second frame member 2, and Each protrusion 41, 41,... provided inside these extends in the direction of the notch. Since the forming direction is set, for example, the first frame member 1 and the second frame member When manufacturing the material 2, the fastening parts 1b and 2b of the first frame member 1 and the second frame member 2 are Then, a predetermined number of slit-like cuts are made at predetermined intervals from each internal space 1a, 2a side. The liquid inlet 13, liquid outlet 14 and vaporized gas outlet 1 can be easily connected by forming For example, these can be formed inside the first frame member 1 and the second frame member 2. This makes it easier to manufacture than the case where it is formed in a straight line.

[0016]

[Effect of the idea]

Therefore, according to the liquid separation device of the present invention, the separation membrane is exposed to gas due to the reduced pressure in the vaporization gas chamber. The drop into the vaporized gas outlet, etc. passes through the separation membrane to the vaporized gas outlet, etc. through the partition plate. The deformation of the partition plate itself can be prevented by protrusions provided at the vaporized gas outlet, etc. This can be reliably prevented by blocking the vaporized gas from entering the separation membrane's vaporized gas outlet, etc. Liquid leaks from the liquid chamber side to the vaporization gas chamber side through the gap caused by the fall of the liquid. The degree of vacuum in the vaporizing gas chamber can be maintained in a good condition at all times. It is possible to obtain a liquid separation device with high liquid separation capacity (e.g. separation speed, etc.). It is possible to become capable.

[0017] In addition, the separation membrane is separated from the liquid inlet, liquid outlet, and vaporized gas outlet. By supporting each partition plate with protrusions provided at predetermined intervals at the liquid inlet, etc. The partition plate itself is made thinner, and the liquid inlet etc. are connected to the first frame member and the second frame member. The first frame member and the first frame member We offer a more compact liquid separation device by making the two frame members thinner. It also has the effect of being able to provide

[0018]

【Example】

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. An exploded perspective view of the liquid separator Z according to the proposed embodiment is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. A vertical cross-sectional view of the assembled state is shown.

[0019] This liquid separator Z is capable of handling so-called organic solvents such as alcohols and ketones. (corresponding to the separated liquid in the scope of the utility model registration claim) and water dissolved in it (corresponding to the separated liquid in the scope of the utility model registration claim) Penetrates the water component from the mixed liquid (which corresponds to the liquid to be separated in the scope of the patent application) This is an apparatus for separating and removing organic solvents using a vaporization method to obtain highly pure organic solvents, and is shown in FIGS. 1 to 3. As shown in FIG. A first partition plate 3 and a second partition plate 4, which will be described later, are arranged inside, respectively, and the first partition plate 3 and the second partition plate 4, which will be described later, and the first frame member 1 and the second partition plate 4. It has a first support plate 6 and a second support plate 7 respectively arranged on the outside of the two frame members 2, They are constructed by integrally bonding and fixing them in sequence in abutting state. In general, the above By arranging a predetermined number of modules in series with a component configuration such as For convenience of explanation, a single module constitutes a liquid separation device. A case in which the body separation device Z is configured will be explained as an example.

First frame member 1 The first frame member 1 is integrally constituted by a rectangular frame having a predetermined thickness, and its internal space 1a accommodates a separation membrane 5 and a first support plate 6, which will be described later. By closing both sides thereof, a liquid chamber 11 of a predetermined capacity is formed (see FIGS. 2 and 3). In addition, the first frame member 1 has a rectangular frame portion located on its outer periphery as a fastening portion 1b, and two diagonal positions of the fastening portion 1b are provided with liquid inlets 13, which will be described later. A notch opening 21 on the liquid inlet side and a notch opening 22 on the liquid outlet side (described later) constituting the liquid outlet 14 are provided. A through hole 25 of a predetermined size is formed at a corresponding position.

[0021] The liquid inlet side notch opening 21 constitutes the liquid inlet 13 as described above. As shown in the enlarged diagrams in FIGS. 4 and 5, from the internal space 1a side of the first frame member 1, It consists of a concave part cut towards the direction, and the notch is inside. Two protrusions 41, 41 extending in the direction are integrally formed, and the whole has a comb-like shape. It is showing. Incidentally, this liquid inlet side notch opening 21 is, for example, an element formed in a rectangular frame shape. Three slit-like grooves are formed on the material at predetermined intervals from the internal space 1a side. Therefore, it can be easily manufactured integrally with the liquid inlet side notch opening 21. Ru.

[0022] On the other hand, the liquid outlet side notch opening 22 constitutes the liquid outlet 14 as described above. Similar to the liquid inlet side notch opening 21, it has a comb-like shape with protrusions 41, 41. and is open to the internal space 1a side.

Second frame member 2 The second frame member 2, like the first frame member 1, is integrally constructed of a rectangular frame with a predetermined thickness, and its internal space 2a is divided into two parts, which will be described later. The two partition plates 4 and the first support plate 6 constitute a vaporized gas chamber 12 of a predetermined size. Further, in the fastening portion 2b constituted by the outer peripheral frame of the second frame member 2, a position corresponding to the through hole 25 of the first frame member 1 is provided for discharging vaporized gas from the vaporized gas chamber 12. A notch opening 23 on the gas outlet side is formed to constitute the vaporized gas outlet 15. The gas outlet side notch opening 23 has the same structure as the liquid inlet 13 and the liquid outlet 14 of the first frame member 1, and is open to the internal space 2a and contains the gas. It has a comb-like shape with protrusions 41, 41 extending in the direction of the cut of the outlet side notch opening 23. Further, a through hole 26 is formed in the second frame member 2 at a position corresponding to the liquid outlet side notch opening 22 of the first frame member 1.

First partition plate 3 and second partition plate 4 The first partition plate 3 and second partition plate 4 are arranged between the first frame member 1 or the second frame member 2 and the separation membrane 5 to be described later. They are located at respective locations to partition these and prevent them from coming into direct contact, and are formed by punching out a thin plate into a rectangular frame shape in the same manner as the first frame member 1 and second frame member 2. The first frame member 1 has through holes 27 and 29 at positions corresponding to both the through hole 25 of the first frame member 1 and the gas outlet side notch opening 23 of the second frame member 2. Through holes 28 and 30 are formed at positions corresponding to the liquid outlet side notch opening 22 and the through hole 26 of the second frame member 2, respectively.

Separation membrane 5 The separation membrane 5 is made of a known permselective membrane material that allows only water to pass through, and the separation membrane 5 is made of a known permselective membrane material that allows only water to pass through. Through holes 31 and 32 are provided at two upper and lower positions corresponding to the through holes 27 and 29 and 28 and 30, respectively.

First Support Plate 6 The first support plate 6 is for closing the outer surface of the first frame member 1 to form the liquid chamber 11, and is a rectangular plate body with a predetermined thickness. Through holes 33 and 34 are provided at positions corresponding to the through hole 25 of the first frame member 1 and the liquid inlet side notch opening 21, respectively.

Second Support Plate 7 The second support plate 7 is for closing the outer surface of the second frame member 2 to form the vaporized gas chamber 12, and is a plate having a predetermined thickness. The second frame member 2 is integrally formed with a through hole 35 at a position corresponding to the through hole 26 of the second frame member 2.

Description of operation of liquid separator Z The liquid separator Z is constructed by sequentially bringing together each member such as the first frame member 1 and the second frame member 2 having the above-described configuration as shown in FIG. Ru. When liquid separation is performed using this liquid separator Z, a mixed liquid of an organic solvent and water is supplied into the liquid chamber 11 from the liquid inlet 13 side, while the vaporized gas chamber 12 is The pressure is reduced by a vacuum pump (not shown). Then, due to the pressure difference between the liquid chamber 11 and the vaporized gas chamber 12, the water component in the mixed liquid in the liquid chamber 11 gradually permeates into the separation membrane 5 and moves toward the vaporized gas chamber 12, causing the separation to occur. It is vaporized on the membrane surface of the membrane 5 on the vaporization gas chamber 12 side and released into the vaporization gas chamber 12 . The vaporized gas (water vapor) released into the vaporized gas chamber 12 is discharged from the vaporized gas chamber 12 through the vaporized gas outlet 15 by the vacuum suction force. As a result, the water component of the liquid mixture in the liquid chamber 11 is gradually separated and removed, and the remaining highly pure organic solvent is sent to the next process from the liquid outlet 14. In FIGS. 1 to 3, the liquid flow paths are shown by broken line arrows, and the vaporized gas flow paths are shown by chain arrows.

[0029] In this case, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, vaporized gas is vaporized from inside the vaporized gas chamber 12. When the gas is discharged to the outside through the gas outlet 15, the vaporized gas outlet 15 of the separation membrane 5 is In the corresponding part, the separation membrane 5 is connected to the vaporized gas outlet 15 by the second partition plate 4. The structure is such that the vaporized gas outlet 15 is separated from the The vaporized gas outlet 15 itself is also controlled by the protrusions 41, 41 provided on the vaporized gas outlet 15. Since the structure prevents the vaporized gas from deforming toward the outlet 15 side, the vaporized gas Even though the pressure in the chamber 12 is reduced, the separation membrane 5 falls to the vaporized gas outlet 15 side. The planar form is maintained as it is without being crowded.

[0030] Therefore, a gap is created on the side surface of the separation membrane 5 on the liquid chamber 11 side, and from this gap the liquid chamber 1 It is reliably prevented that the liquid on the 1 side leaks to the vaporizing gas chamber 12 side, As a result, the degree of vacuum in the vaporizing gas chamber 12 is always maintained at an appropriate level, and a good liquid content is maintained. There are certain things that ensure separation ability. Incidentally, the effect of preventing the separation membrane 5 from falling is as follows. , as mentioned above, not only the vaporized gas outlet 15 but also the liquid inlet 13 on the liquid chamber 11 side and the liquid The same is achieved in the outlet 14 section.

[0031] In addition, the separation membrane 5 at the liquid inlet 13, liquid outlet 14, and vaporized gas outlet 15 is The protrusions 41, 41 formed inside these are used to prevent falling. Therefore, the formation interval between them or the opening surface of each notch opening 21 to 23 By setting the product appropriately, the flow resistance of liquid or vaporized gas in the part can be adjusted. can be adjusted, for example by using a fine spacer as in the conventional case. In cases where the liquid separation ability is inhibited by excessive flow resistance, such as when In terms of preventing this in advance and reliably, and improving the performance of the liquid separator Z, It is valid.

[0032] Furthermore, the first frame member 1 and the second frame member 2 have a passage inside them as in the above-mentioned known example. Because it does not need to be formed, it can be formed relatively thin and has good workability. In particular, liquid inlets 13 and liquid inlets formed in the first frame member 1 and the second frame member 2, respectively. The outlet 14 and the vaporized gas outlet 15 are configured with easy-to-process cutout openings; Further, protrusions 41, 41 provided at these liquid inlets 13, etc. extend in the direction of the notch. The structure is such that it is a protrusion and can be easily processed integrally with the liquid inlet 13, etc. As a result, the first frame member 1 and the second frame member 2 are made to have good workability, and as a result, This can contribute to cost reduction of the liquid separator Z.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a liquid separation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken along line II-II of the liquid separation device of FIG. 1 in an assembled state.

[Fig. 3] III in the assembled state of the liquid separation device in Fig. 1
-III is a longitudinal sectional view.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of section IV in FIG. 2;

5 is a partially sectional enlarged perspective view of the V section in FIG. 3; FIG.

FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of a conventional liquid separation device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 is a first frame member, 2 is a second frame member, 3 is a first partition plate, 4
is the second partition plate, 5 is the separation membrane, 6 is the first support plate, 7 is the second
Support plate, 11 is a liquid chamber, 12 is a vaporized gas chamber, 13 is a liquid inlet, 14 is a liquid outlet, 15 is a vaporized gas outlet, 21 is a notch opening on the liquid inlet side, 22 is a notch opening on the liquid outlet side, 23 is a gas outlet The side notch openings, 25 to 35 are through holes, and 41 is a protrusion.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] Claim 1: A first frame member whose internal space (1a) is a liquid chamber (11) into which a mixed liquid of a separation liquid and a liquid to be separated is introduced, and whose outer periphery is a fastening part (1b). (1), and a second frame whose inner space (2a) is a vaporized gas chamber (12) into which vaporized gas produced by vaporizing the separated liquid is introduced, and whose outer periphery is a fastening part (2b). member (2), and a separation membrane having properties that allow the liquid to be separated to pass through between them.
(5) are assembled to each other with the liquid chamber (1) interposed.
1) and the vaporizing gas chamber (12) are brought into contact with each other via the separation membrane (5), while the fastening portion (1) of the first frame member (1)
b) includes a liquid inlet (13) facing the liquid chamber (11) and a liquid outlet (1).
4), and a vaporized gas outlet (15) facing the vaporized gas chamber (12) is formed in the fastening portion (2b) of the second frame member (2). A liquid separation device configured to reduce the pressure of , the above-mentioned fastening parts (1b) and (2b), respectively.
It is composed of notch openings (21), (22), (23) which are opened facing the internal spaces (1a), (2a), and each of the notch openings (21), (22), (23). ) are formed at predetermined intervals with protrusions (41), (41), etc. extending in the direction of the notch. 5) between the first frame member (1) and the separation membrane (5) and between the second frame member (2) and the separation membrane (5), respectively. (2) A first partition plate (3) and a second partition plate (4) having fastening surfaces (3a) and (4a) in a shape corresponding to the fastening parts (1b) and (2b) in the form of thin plates. A liquid separation device characterized in that the device is fastened in an interposed state.