JPH04115420A - Superconductive strand - Google Patents
Superconductive strandInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04115420A JPH04115420A JP2235374A JP23537490A JPH04115420A JP H04115420 A JPH04115420 A JP H04115420A JP 2235374 A JP2235374 A JP 2235374A JP 23537490 A JP23537490 A JP 23537490A JP H04115420 A JPH04115420 A JP H04115420A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- strand
- predetermined
- plating layer
- coupling loss
- conductor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- DAPUDVOJPZKTSI-UHFFFAOYSA-L ammonium nickel sulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DAPUDVOJPZKTSI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- GNMQOUGYKPVJRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ni+3].[Ni+3] GNMQOUGYKPVJRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- PZFKDUMHDHEBLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxonickeliooxy)nickel Chemical compound O=[Ni]O[Ni]=O PZFKDUMHDHEBLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002075 main ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Cu+2] OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002887 superconductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNTCDWYDVCVNPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C-]#N.[Na+].S(=O)(=O)(O)O Chemical compound [C-]#N.[Na+].S(=O)(=O)(O)O YNTCDWYDVCVNPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000657 niobium-tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 2
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 101100133467 Drosophila melanogaster nito gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010406 interfacial reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は超電導ストランドに関し、更に詳しくは、例え
ばその複数本をコンジット管に挿入してケーブル・イン
・コンジット導体を製造したとき、各超電導ストランド
間の接触抵抗が高く、その結果、超電導ストランド間の
結合損失の低減を可能にする超電導ストランドに関する
。Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to superconducting strands, and more particularly, when a cable-in-conduit conductor is manufactured by inserting a plurality of strands into a conduit pipe, each superconducting strand The present invention relates to superconducting strands that have a high contact resistance between the superconducting strands, thereby making it possible to reduce coupling loss between the superconducting strands.
（従来の技術）
核融合炉用の大電流超電導導体の１つにケーブル・イン
・コンジット導体がある。この導体は、直径が約１ｍｍ
程度の超電導ストランド（素線）を数百本束ねて撚線後
コンジット管の中に挿入し、管内に冷媒を導入した内部
冷却型の導体である。(Prior Art) A cable-in-conduit conductor is one of the high-current superconducting conductors for fusion reactors. This conductor has a diameter of approximately 1 mm
It is an internally cooled conductor in which several hundred superconducting strands (strands) of about 100 liters are bundled together, twisted, inserted into a conduit pipe, and a refrigerant introduced into the pipe.
この導体は、冷却周囲長が非常に長く、高い安定性が得
られるとともに、各超電導ストランドの表面に絶縁被覆
を施すことにより、互いの交流損失（結合損失）を非常
に小さくすることができるという利点を備えている。This conductor has a very long cooling perimeter, which provides high stability, and by applying an insulating coating to the surface of each superconducting strand, it is possible to extremely reduce mutual AC loss (coupling loss). It has advantages.
ところで、上記したケーブル・イン・コンジット導体に
組込む超電導ストランドは概ね次のようにして製造され
る。例えば、Ｎｂ３Ｓｎ超電導体のストランドの場合、
まず、直径が５〜ｌＯμｍ程度の複数本のＮｂ細線が所
定量のＳｎを含有するＣｕ合金のマトリックス中に埋込
まれた複合体素線を製造し、この複合体素線の表面に絶
縁被膜を形成したのち６００〜７００℃程度の温度に加
熱して、Ｎｂ細線とマトリックスとの界面でＮｂとＳｎ
の界面反応を起させることにより、超電導性のＮｂｚＳ
ｎをＮｂ細線の表面に生成させるのである。By the way, the superconducting strand to be incorporated into the cable-in-conduit conductor described above is generally manufactured as follows. For example, for a strand of Nb3Sn superconductor,
First, a composite wire in which multiple Nb thin wires with a diameter of about 5 to 10 μm are embedded in a Cu alloy matrix containing a predetermined amount of Sn is manufactured, and an insulating coating is applied to the surface of this composite wire. After forming, it is heated to a temperature of about 600 to 700°C to form Nb and Sn at the interface between the Nb thin wire and the matrix.
By causing an interfacial reaction, superconducting NbzS
n is generated on the surface of the Nb thin wire.
この場合、複合体素線の表面を被覆する絶縁被膜の材料
としては、ＮｂａＳｎの生成に要する６００〜７００℃
程度の温度に耐え得る材料であることと、同時に、スト
ランドの安定化材であるＣｕまたはＣｕ合金を汚染しな
い材料であることか必要とされる。In this case, the material for the insulating film that covers the surface of the composite wire should be 600 to 700°C, which is required for the generation of NbaSn.
The material is required to be able to withstand a certain temperature and at the same time not to contaminate the Cu or Cu alloy that is the stabilizing material for the strands.
従来、このような絶縁被膜としては、硫化銅の膜や酸化
銅の膜が一般に採用されている。これは、硫化銅や酸化
銅は摩擦係数が小さいので、ストランド間の滑りがよく
なり、ケーブル・イン・コンジット導体を曲げたときの
歪みを小さくすることができるからである。Conventionally, a copper sulfide film or a copper oxide film has generally been employed as such an insulating film. This is because copper sulfide and copper oxide have a small coefficient of friction, which improves the sliding between the strands and reduces distortion when the cable-in-conduit conductor is bent.
これら絶縁被膜のうち、例えば、硫化銅の絶縁被膜の場
合は、前記した複合体素線の表面に気相還元法を適用し
て表面部分を硫化銅にすることによって形成され、また
酸化銅の絶縁被膜の場合は複合体素線の表面に陽極酸化
法を適用することによって形成されている。Among these insulating coatings, for example, the insulating coating of copper sulfide is formed by applying a vapor phase reduction method to the surface of the composite wire described above to convert the surface portion into copper sulfide. In the case of an insulating coating, it is formed by applying an anodic oxidation method to the surface of the composite wire.
（発明が解決しようとする課題）
しかしながら、硫化銅や酸化銅の絶縁被膜で表面が被覆
されている上記複合体素線に対し、上記温度の熱処理を
施してＮｂ３Ｓｎ超電導体を生成させた場合、素線表面
を被覆している硫化銅や酸化銅が昇華してしまうことが
ある。その結果、得られた超電導ストランドはその表面
絶縁か一部破壊され、大きな交流損失を引き起すことが
ある。(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, when the composite wire whose surface is coated with an insulating film of copper sulfide or copper oxide is subjected to heat treatment at the above temperature to generate a Nb3Sn superconductor, Copper sulfide and copper oxide coating the surface of the wire may sublimate. As a result, the surface insulation of the obtained superconducting strands may be partially destroyed, causing large AC losses.
本発明は、このような問題を解決し、上記したＮｂ３Ｓ
ｎの生成を目的とする熱処理によっても絶縁特性を失う
ことがなく、しかも安定化材であるＣｕやＣｕ合金を汚
染することのない絶縁被覆で被覆されていて、大電流超
電導導体に組込んだとき、ストランド間の結合損失を低
減することができる超電導ストランドの提供を目的とす
る。The present invention solves these problems, and the above-mentioned Nb3S
It is coated with an insulating coating that does not lose its insulating properties even when subjected to heat treatment for the purpose of generating n, and does not contaminate the stabilizing material Cu or Cu alloy. The present invention aims to provide a superconducting strand that can reduce coupling loss between the strands.
（課題を解決するための手段・作用）
上記した目的を達成するために、本発明においては、表
面がＮｉ、Ｏ，めっき層で被覆されていることを特徴と
する超電導ストランドが提供される。(Means and effects for solving the problems) In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a superconducting strand whose surface is coated with Ni, O, and a plating layer.
本発明の超電導ストランドは、表面を被覆している絶縁
被膜が電気めっき法を適用して形成されたＮ！ｚｏａめ
っき層であることを除いては、従来の超電導ストランド
と変ることはない。The superconducting strand of the present invention has an insulating film covering the surface of the N! There is no difference from conventional superconducting strands except for the ZOA plating layer.
このＮ１ｚＯｓめっき層は、後述する理由で、若干ポー
ラスになっていて、そのため接触抵抗が高い。また、こ
のＮＬＯａめっき層の厚みは３〜３０μｍ程度であるこ
とが好ましい。その理由は、厚みが３μｍより薄い場合
は、そのめっき層が有効な接触抵抗値を示さずストラン
ド間の結合損失の低減効果は小さくなり、また厚みが３
０μｍより厚くなると、効果が飽和して不経済になるば
かりではなく、超電導ストランドの冷却効果が悪くなり
超電導特性に影響を与え、またケーブル・イン・コンジ
ット導体にするときにボイド率を確保できなくなるとい
うような問題が生ずるからである。This N1zOs plating layer is slightly porous for reasons described later, and therefore has high contact resistance. Moreover, it is preferable that the thickness of this NLOa plating layer is about 3 to 30 μm. The reason for this is that if the thickness is less than 3 μm, the plating layer will not show an effective contact resistance value and the effect of reducing coupling loss between strands will be small;
If it becomes thicker than 0 μm, not only will the effect become saturated and become uneconomical, but the cooling effect of the superconducting strand will deteriorate, affecting the superconducting properties, and it will not be possible to secure the void ratio when making it into a cable-in-conduit conductor. This is because such problems arise.
好ましい厚みは５〜ｌＯμｍである。The preferred thickness is 5 to 10 μm.
このＮｉ、Ｏ，めっき層は、前記した複合体素線に電気
めっき法を適用して形成される。This Ni, O, plating layer is formed by applying an electroplating method to the composite wire described above.
このときの対象となる複合体素線としては、熱処理によ
って、Ｎｂ５Ｓｎ超電導体を生成する素線やＶ ｓ Ｇ
ａ超電導体を生成する素線をあげることができる。The target composite wires at this time include wires that produce Nb5Sn superconductors through heat treatment and VsG
(a) The strands that produce superconductors can be mentioned.
電気めっきに用いるめっき浴としては、硫酸ニッケルア
ンモニウムを主体とする全塩化浴、例えば、硫酸ニッケ
ルアンモニウム６０〜６５ｇ／ｆ。The plating bath used for electroplating is a fully chlorinated bath mainly containing nickel ammonium sulfate, for example, 60 to 65 g/f of nickel ammonium sulfate.
硫酸亜鉛６０〜９０ｇ／ｌ、硫青化ナトリウム１００〜
２００ｇ／ｆの組成を有するめっき浴が好適である。Zinc sulfate 60~90g/l, sodium sulfate cyanide 100~
A plating bath with a composition of 200 g/f is preferred.
また、めっき条件は、格別限定されるものではないが、
例えば、めっき浴として上記全塩化浴を用いた場合、浴
温：室温、電流密度、０．５〜１０Ａ／ｄｍ２．時間３
〜６分程度であればよい。In addition, the plating conditions are not particularly limited, but
For example, when the above-mentioned fully chlorinated bath is used as a plating bath, bath temperature: room temperature, current density, 0.5 to 10 A/dm2. time 3
It is sufficient if the time is about 6 minutes.
このようにして形成されたＮｉ２Ｏ，めっき層で被覆さ
れている複合体素線に、所定の温度で熱処理を施して、
Ｎｂ、Ｓｎを生成せしめることにより、本発明の超電導
ストランドが得られる。The composite wire coated with Ni2O and the plating layer thus formed is subjected to heat treatment at a predetermined temperature,
By generating Nb and Sn, the superconducting strand of the present invention can be obtained.
この熱処理の過程で、形成されているＮ ｉ ｔ Ｏ２
めっき層は変質せず、その絶縁特性が破壊されることは
ない。このめっき層中にはめっき浴からの硫黄成分が含
有されているが、上記熱処理によって硫黄成分はめっき
層から蒸発していく。その結果、得られた超電導ストラ
ンドの表面には、ポーラスなＮ１ｚＯｓめっき層のみが
残存し、その接触抵抗値が増大する。During this heat treatment process, the formed N it O2
The plating layer is not altered and its insulating properties are not destroyed. This plating layer contains sulfur components from the plating bath, but the sulfur components are evaporated from the plating layer by the heat treatment. As a result, only the porous N1zOs plating layer remains on the surface of the obtained superconducting strand, and its contact resistance value increases.
（発明の実施例） マス、硫酸ニッケルアンモニウム６２．５ ｇ／β。(Example of the invention) Mass, nickel ammonium sulfate 62.5 g/β.
硫酸亜鉛７８ｇ／β、硫青化ナトリウム１５６ｇ＃から
成るめっき浴を建浴した。A plating bath consisting of 78 g/β of zinc sulfate and 156 g of sodium sulfate cyanide was prepared.
直径３．４μｍのＮｂ線８０００本と、Ｃｕ −１４，
３％Ｓｎ合金から成る複合体素線を用意し、これを、上
記めっき浴に浸漬して、室温下において、電流密度５Ａ
／ｄｍ２ （電圧１．ＩＶ、総電流０．２Ａ）で電気め
っきを行なった。めっき時間を変えて、素線表面を３μ
ｍ（３分の場合）、６μｍ（６分の場合）のＮＬＯａめ
っき層で被覆した。8000 Nb wires with a diameter of 3.4 μm, Cu-14,
A composite wire made of 3% Sn alloy was prepared, immersed in the above plating bath, and heated at a current density of 5 A at room temperature.
Electroplating was performed at /dm2 (voltage 1.IV, total current 0.2A). By changing the plating time, the surface of the wire is 3μ
It was coated with an NLOa plating layer of 6 μm (for 3 minutes) and 6 μm (for 6 minutes).
ついで、これらの被覆線材を７００°Ｃで８日間加熱し
て、本発明の超電導ストランドを製造した。These coated wires were then heated at 700°C for 8 days to produce superconducting strands of the present invention.
これらストランドの接触抵抗値はいずれも５８μΩ／圓
２と非常に高い値を示した。The contact resistance values of these strands were all as high as 58 μΩ/square.
また、これらストランドの残留抵抗比（室温における抵
抗値／４．２Ｋにおける抵抗値）は１５０〜２００の間
にあり、比抵抗値（ρ）は１．５〜２．０ＸＩＯ−’Ω
−■であった。このことから、Ｎｉ２Ｏ。In addition, the residual resistance ratio (resistance value at room temperature/resistance value at 4.2K) of these strands is between 150 and 200, and the specific resistance value (ρ) is between 1.5 and 2.0XIO-'Ω
-■ From this, Ni2O.
めっき層は安定化Ｃｕを汚染していないことが判明した
。It was found that the plating layer did not contaminate the stabilized Cu.
つきに、めっき層の厚みがちかうこれらのストランドを
２５％、４０％のボイド率（冷媒流通部分の割合）でそ
れぞれコンジット管に挿入して４種類のケーブル・イン
・コンジット導体を製造し、これら導体の結合損失時定
数を測定した。その結果、いずれの導体の場合も、時定
数はｌＯ〜２゜ｍｓの範囲にあり、良好な結果を示した
。Finally, four types of cable-in-conduit conductors were manufactured by inserting these strands with different plating layer thicknesses into conduit pipes with void ratios of 25% and 40% (ratio of refrigerant flow area), respectively. The coupling loss time constant of the conductor was measured. As a result, the time constant was in the range of 10 to 2 mm for all conductors, showing good results.
（発明の効果）
以上の説明で明らかなように、本発明の超電導ストラン
ドは、その表面を被覆するＮ ｉ ｔ Ｏｓめっき層の
接触抵抗値が高く絶縁特性に優れており、したがって、
このストランドを用いたケーブル・イン・コンジット導
体のような大電流超電導導体においては、そのストラン
ド間の結合損失を低減することが可能になる。(Effects of the Invention) As is clear from the above explanation, the superconducting strand of the present invention has a high contact resistance value of the NitOs plating layer covering its surface and excellent insulation properties, and therefore,
In a high current superconducting conductor such as a cable-in-conduit conductor using this strand, it becomes possible to reduce the coupling loss between the strands.
Claims (1)
特徴とする超電導ストランド。A superconducting strand characterized in that its surface is coated with a Ni_2O_3 plating layer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2235374A JPH04115420A (en) | 1990-09-05 | 1990-09-05 | Superconductive strand |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2235374A JPH04115420A (en) | 1990-09-05 | 1990-09-05 | Superconductive strand |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04115420A true JPH04115420A (en) | 1992-04-16 |
Family
ID=16985142
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2235374A Pending JPH04115420A (en) | 1990-09-05 | 1990-09-05 | Superconductive strand |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH04115420A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104962969A (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2015-10-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Preparation method for three-dimensional electrochromic nickel oxide thin film |
-
1990
- 1990-09-05 JP JP2235374A patent/JPH04115420A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104962969A (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2015-10-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Preparation method for three-dimensional electrochromic nickel oxide thin film |
| CN104962969B (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2018-01-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of preparation method of three-dimensional electrochromic nickel oxide film |
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