JPH04113835A - Plastic structure with light diffused reflection layer on surface - Google Patents
Plastic structure with light diffused reflection layer on surfaceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04113835A JPH04113835A JP2233978A JP23397890A JPH04113835A JP H04113835 A JPH04113835 A JP H04113835A JP 2233978 A JP2233978 A JP 2233978A JP 23397890 A JP23397890 A JP 23397890A JP H04113835 A JPH04113835 A JP H04113835A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- solvent
- light
- diffusing
- plastic
- plastic structure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 27
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 27
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 22
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 12
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012463 white pigment Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010724 Wisteria floribunda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
- Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業上の利用分野１
本発明は光を拡散する技術に関するものであり、更に詳
しくは、極めて薄い光拡散反射層を有するプラスチック
構造体に関するものである。前記光拡散反射層は前記プ
ラスチック構造体の表面に形成されるが、全面ではなく
部分あるいはパターン状に形成させることができ、また
、その光拡散反射性を自由に調節可能で、更に、平面だ
けではなく、あらゆる曲面に前記光拡散反射層を形成さ
せることができる。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application 1] The present invention relates to a technology for diffusing light, and more particularly to a plastic structure having an extremely thin light diffusing and reflecting layer. The light diffusing and reflecting layer is formed on the surface of the plastic structure, but it can be formed not on the entire surface but in a partial or patterned form, and its light diffusing and reflecting properties can be freely adjusted. Instead, the light diffusing and reflecting layer can be formed on any curved surface.
この技術は種々の光学系において光を拡散反射又は拡散
透過させたい部分における光学部材、例えば、面光源、
投影用スクリーン、建築用窓材、各種デイスプレィやＯ
Ａ機器、精密光学機等に使用される光学部材の光拡散反
射面として利用することができる。This technology uses optical members such as surface light sources,
Projection screens, architectural window materials, various displays and O
It can be used as a light diffusing and reflecting surface of an optical member used in A-A equipment, precision optical equipment, etc.
プラスチック構造体に前記のように薄（、部分的あるい
はパターン状に形成でき、光拡散反耐性を調節できて、
表面だけでなくあらゆる曲面に形成できるような光拡散
反射層を表面に得ようとするには、従来からある、表面
化学処理、サンドブラスト法、光拡散性白色塗料の塗布
などの方法では困難であった。その理由について、それ
ぞれ説明する。As mentioned above, it can be formed into a thin (partial or patterned) plastic structure, and the resistance to light diffusion can be adjusted.
It is difficult to obtain a light-diffusing and reflective layer on a surface, which can be formed not only on surfaces but also on all curved surfaces, using conventional methods such as surface chemical treatment, sandblasting, and coating with light-diffusing white paint. Ta. The reasons for this will be explained below.
表面化学処理は、強酸、強塩基等を用いて激しい化学反
応を行なうため、形成された光拡散反射層の表面が該イ
ヒ学反応のために分光吸収特性に変化を生じる。つまり
着色等を生じる。また化学処理の場合は表面に凸凹を形
成させるだけなので、大きな光拡散反射性を得ることが
できない、更にパターン状に処理しようとした場合、前
記のような激しい化学反応に耐性を有するレジストを用
意することが困難である。In the surface chemical treatment, a strong chemical reaction is performed using a strong acid, a strong base, etc., so that the spectral absorption characteristics of the surface of the formed light diffusing and reflecting layer change due to the chemical reaction. In other words, coloring etc. occur. In addition, in the case of chemical treatment, it is not possible to obtain large light diffusion and reflection properties because it only forms irregularities on the surface.Furthermore, if you want to process it into a pattern, you need to prepare a resist that is resistant to the severe chemical reactions mentioned above. difficult to do.
次にサンドブラスト法であるが、この方法は砂を高速で
プラスチ・シフ構造体に衝突させる。The next step is sandblasting, which involves bombarding the plasti-schiff structure with sand at high speeds.
この砂を衝突させるために大きなエネルギーを必要とし
、また細かい砂はど空気抵抗が太き（なるため、微細な
処理には限界があり、それほど大きな光拡散反射性は期
待できない。A large amount of energy is required to collide this sand, and fine sand has high air resistance, so there is a limit to fine processing, and it is not possible to expect a very large light diffusing and reflecting property.
光拡散性白色塗料をプラスチック構造体に塗布する場合
、光拡散性白色塗料が、白色顔料、結着材、各種添加剤
等で構成されるため、分光吸収特性にかたよりを生じゃ
すいにれは塗料の場合、塗布特性を優先しなければなら
ないためである。また該塗料の構成において白色顔料の
含有量を結着剤に対してそれほど大きくすることは、成
膜性の点から困難である。さらに光を散乱する界面が、
この場合、結着剤と白色顔料表面の界面なので、屈折率
差が小さいため。When applying a light-diffusing white paint to a plastic structure, the light-diffusing white paint is composed of a white pigment, a binder, various additives, etc., so the spectral absorption characteristics may be biased. This is because, in the case of paint, priority must be given to application characteristics. Furthermore, it is difficult to increase the content of the white pigment in the composition of the paint so much relative to the binder from the viewpoint of film-forming properties. Furthermore, the interface that scatters light
In this case, since it is the interface between the binder and the white pigment surface, the difference in refractive index is small.
光の散乱効果が小さ（、大きな光拡散反射効果を得よう
とすると前記光拡散性白色塗料の塗布膜厚を厚くするこ
とになり、薄い光拡散反射層を実現できなくなる。それ
に加えて、前記光拡散性白色塗料を曲面に塗布すること
は困難である。The light scattering effect is small (if a large light diffusing and reflecting effect is to be obtained, the coating thickness of the light diffusing white paint must be increased, making it impossible to realize a thin light diffusing and reflecting layer. It is difficult to apply light-diffusing white paint to curved surfaces.
〔発明が解決しようとする問題点］
本発明はプラスチック構造体表面に従来の技術によって
薄い光拡散反射層を形成した場合の様々な問題点を解決
し、該プラスチック構造体の表面に、光拡散反射性を調
節可能な、部分的あるいはパターン状に形成でき、あら
ゆる曲面において形成可能で、更に分光吸収分布が平坦
な光拡散反射層を有するプラスチック構造体を提供する
ことを目的とする。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The present invention solves various problems when forming a thin light diffusing and reflecting layer on the surface of a plastic structure using conventional techniques. It is an object of the present invention to provide a plastic structure having a light diffusing and reflecting layer whose reflectivity can be adjusted, which can be formed partially or in a pattern, which can be formed on any curved surface, and which has a flat spectral absorption distribution.
【問題を解決するための手段１
本発明はプラスチック構造体の表面に光拡散反射層を形
成させることで、その目的を達成する。該光拡散反射層
はプラスチック構造体表面に形成された微小節理によっ
て構成される。[Means for Solving the Problem 1] The present invention achieves its object by forming a light diffusing and reflecting layer on the surface of a plastic structure. The light diffusing and reflecting layer is constituted by minute joints formed on the surface of the plastic structure.
このような微小節理を形成せしめるには、プラスチック
構造体を、その成分であるプラスチックの強溶媒である
第１の溶媒に浸漬し、その後に前記プラスチックの貧溶
媒で第１の溶媒と相溶性のある第２の溶媒に浸漬する。In order to form such microjoints, the plastic structure is immersed in a first solvent that is a strong solvent for the plastic that is its component, and then immersed in a first solvent that is a poor solvent for the plastic and that is compatible with the first solvent. Immersion in a certain second solvent.
これにより、光拡散反射層がプラスチック構造体の表面
に形成される。Thereby, a light diffusing and reflecting layer is formed on the surface of the plastic structure.
［作
用Ｊ
本発明の発明者らは、プラスチック構造体をその強溶媒
に浸漬した後、貧溶媒に浸漬することで、該プラスチッ
ク構造体の表面に極めて微小な節理が成形されるという
知見を得るに至った。[Operation J] The inventors of the present invention have found that by immersing a plastic structure in a strong solvent and then immersing it in a poor solvent, extremely minute joints are formed on the surface of the plastic structure. reached.
この微小節理はプラスチック構造体の表面近傍を膨張さ
６せた後、急激に収縮させることで生じる微細な亀裂の
集合である。この亀裂は微細かつ非常に高密度に前記プ
ラスチック構造体表面に形成される。更に、該亀裂は深
さ方向に多重に形成される。該亀裂により、空気と前記
プラスチック構造体の成分であるプラスチックとの界面
が極めて大きな面積で生成し、該界面において光が散乱
するため、光の散乱する部分が極めて多くなる。これに
より、薄い光拡散反射層でも大きな光拡散反射効果を得
ることができる。These microjoints are a collection of microscopic cracks that occur when the vicinity of the surface of a plastic structure is expanded and then rapidly contracted. These cracks are formed on the surface of the plastic structure in a fine and very dense manner. Furthermore, the cracks are formed multiple times in the depth direction. The cracks create an extremely large interface between the air and the plastic that is a component of the plastic structure, and light is scattered at this interface, resulting in an extremely large area where light is scattered. Thereby, a large light diffusing and reflecting effect can be obtained even with a thin light diffusing and reflecting layer.
溶媒処理によって前記のような微小節理による光拡散反
射層をプラスチック構造体の表面に形成させる場合、該
プラスチック構造体の成分であるプラスチックの強溶媒
である第１の溶媒に浸漬することで、前記プラスチック
構造体の表面近傍が膨潤する。これは前記プラスチック
の分子間に溶媒の分子が浸入することにより、前記プラ
スチック構造体の表面近傍が膨張するために起こる。こ
の状態で該プラスチック構造体を、前記プラスチックの
貧溶媒である第２の溶媒に浸漬すると、前記プラスチッ
クの分子間に存在していた第１の溶媒の分子が第２の溶
媒の分子に置換され、前記プラスチックの分子が急激に
収縮するにのために多数の亀裂が生し、これが微小節理
となる。When forming a light diffusing and reflecting layer with the above-mentioned microjoints on the surface of a plastic structure by solvent treatment, the above-mentioned The vicinity of the surface of the plastic structure swells. This occurs because the vicinity of the surface of the plastic structure expands due to the penetration of solvent molecules between the molecules of the plastic. When the plastic structure is immersed in a second solvent that is a poor solvent for the plastic in this state, the molecules of the first solvent that were present between the molecules of the plastic are replaced by the molecules of the second solvent. Due to the rapid contraction of the plastic molecules, a large number of cracks occur, which become microjoints.
この際、第１の溶媒と第２の溶媒が互いに相溶しないと
、第１の溶媒の分子と第２の溶媒の分子が円滑に置換し
ないため、均一な微小節理が形成されない。従って、第
１の溶媒と第２の溶媒は互いに相溶することが必要であ
り、それにより、第１の溶媒の分子と第２の溶媒の分子
はその比率が変化することで徐々に置換するため、均一
な微小節理が形成される。At this time, if the first solvent and the second solvent are not compatible with each other, the molecules of the first solvent and the molecules of the second solvent will not be smoothly replaced, so that uniform microjoints will not be formed. Therefore, it is necessary that the first solvent and the second solvent are compatible with each other, so that molecules of the first solvent and molecules of the second solvent gradually replace each other by changing their ratio. Therefore, uniform microjoints are formed.
［実施例−１］
３０＋＊ｍＸ８０Ｉ１ｍの透明なポリメチルメタクリレ
ート板を、ジクロルメタン（第１の溶媒）に３０秒間浸
漬した後、ｎ−ヘキサン（第２の溶媒）に６０秒間浸漬
し、乾燥させることで、前記ポリメチルメタクリレート
板の表面に白色の光拡散反射層を形成させた。前記光拡
散反射層を形成させる際、ジクロルメタンに浸漬する前
に、前記ポリメチルメタクリレート板の片面をポリエス
テル製粘着テープで覆っておくことで、前記ポリメチル
メタクリレート板の露出した片面のみに前記光拡散反射
層を形成させた。前記光拡散反射層を形成させた後に、
前記ポリエステル製粘着テープは剥離した。[Example-1] A transparent polymethyl methacrylate plate of 30+*m x 80I1m was immersed in dichloromethane (first solvent) for 30 seconds, then immersed in n-hexane (second solvent) for 60 seconds, and dried. Then, a white light diffusing and reflecting layer was formed on the surface of the polymethyl methacrylate plate. When forming the light diffusing and reflecting layer, one side of the polymethyl methacrylate plate is covered with a polyester adhesive tape before being immersed in dichloromethane, so that the light diffusion is applied only to one exposed side of the polymethyl methacrylate plate. A reflective layer was formed. After forming the light diffusing and reflecting layer,
The polyester adhesive tape was peeled off.
このようにして前記ポリメチルメタクリレート板の表面
に形成させた前記光拡散反射層の反射光学濃度を写真濃
度計（富士写真フィルム■製Ｐ−２型）で測定した。測
定するサンプルの裏面には黒フェルトを密着させ、前記
光拡散反射層を透過した光を吸収するようにした。The reflective optical density of the light diffusing and reflecting layer thus formed on the surface of the polymethyl methacrylate plate was measured using a photographic densitometer (Model P-2, manufactured by Fuji Photo Film ■). Black felt was placed in close contact with the back surface of the sample to be measured so as to absorb the light that had passed through the light diffusing and reflecting layer.
前記ポリメチルメタクリレート板の表面に形成させた光
拡散反射層の反射光学濃度は０．０３であり、これは反
射率９３％に相当することから、白色層として充分な光
拡散反射性と隠蔽力を有している。The reflective optical density of the light diffusing and reflecting layer formed on the surface of the polymethyl methacrylate plate is 0.03, which corresponds to a reflectance of 93%, so it has sufficient light diffusing and reflecting properties and hiding power as a white layer. have.
前記ポリメチルメタクリレート板の表面に形成された光
拡散反射層を顕微鏡で観察すると、該ポリメチルメタク
リレート板の表面に無数の極めて微細なかつ不規則な亀
裂より成る微小節理が観察される。第１図に顕微鏡によ
り観察される前記微小節理を、模式的に示す。When the light diffusing and reflecting layer formed on the surface of the polymethyl methacrylate plate is observed under a microscope, micro-joints consisting of numerous extremely fine and irregular cracks are observed on the surface of the polymethyl methacrylate plate. FIG. 1 schematically shows the microjoints observed with a microscope.
また、前記光拡散反射層を表面に有する前記ポリメチル
メタクリレート板の切断面を顕微鏡で観察することによ
り、該光拡散反射層の厚さが約２０μ−であることがわ
かった、第２図に顕微鏡により切断面を観察した様子を
模式的に示す、第１図、第２図とも一例、であり、前記
光拡散反射層の形成条件の変化により、前記微細節理の
大きさや形状は変化する。Further, by observing the cut surface of the polymethyl methacrylate plate having the light diffusing and reflecting layer on its surface with a microscope, it was found that the thickness of the light diffusing and reflecting layer was about 20 μ-, as shown in FIG. Both FIGS. 1 and 2 are examples, which schematically show how a cut surface is observed with a microscope, and the size and shape of the fine joints change depending on the conditions for forming the light diffusing and reflecting layer.
前記ポリメチルメタクリレート板の表面番こ形成された
前記光拡散反射層は、目視で観察しても純白で極めて緻
密な表面形状を有し、表面状態における方向性は全くな
い。これは、ポリメチルメタクリレート板が結晶構造を
有しなし１、無定型であることによるものと思われる。The light diffusing and reflecting layer formed on the surface of the polymethyl methacrylate plate has a pure white and extremely dense surface shape when visually observed, and there is no directionality in the surface state. This is probably because the polymethyl methacrylate plate has no crystal structure and is amorphous.
比較のため、ポリメチルメタクリレート板の片面をサン
ドブラスト加工して、前記反射光学濃度を測定してみる
と、０．６２であり、目視で観察してもそれはど白（は
なく、表面は粗し）。For comparison, one side of a polymethyl methacrylate plate was sandblasted and the reflected optical density was measured, and it was 0.62, which was 0.62, and when visually observed, it was not quite white (the surface was rough). ).
次に、ポリメチルメタクリレート板の片面に、白色顔料
として酸化チタンを成分とする白色塗料を、本実施例の
方法によって形成した、前記微小節理による光拡散反射
層と同等の厚さである２０μ■で塗布した場合の反射拡
散濃度Ｃ１０１０８であった゛、これ以上反射光学濃度
を低くするためには、塗布膜厚を厚くするか又は前記白
色塗装中の酸化チタン含有量を増やすとこ番こなる。こ
れらのいずれの方法を用いても、塗布力５困難になり、
前記ポリメチルメタクリレート板の表面に緻密な層を形
成できなくなる。Next, on one side of the polymethyl methacrylate plate, a white paint containing titanium oxide as a white pigment was applied to a thickness of 20 μm, which is equivalent to the light diffusing and reflecting layer formed by the minute joints, which was formed by the method of this example. The reflective optical density was C10108 when coated with the white coating.In order to further reduce the reflective optical density, the coating film thickness must be increased or the content of titanium oxide in the white coating must be increased. No matter which method is used, the application force will be 5 difficult,
It becomes impossible to form a dense layer on the surface of the polymethyl methacrylate plate.
前記のような微小節理による光拡散反射層を有するプラ
スチック構造体は光拡散反射を行なうための白色面とし
て使用することにより、高効率で緻密な拡散反射光を得
ることができる。By using a plastic structure having a light diffusing and reflecting layer formed by minute joints as described above as a white surface for diffusing and reflecting light, it is possible to obtain highly efficient and densely diffused reflected light.
これを利用して、各種照明器具に用いる拡散反射板、ラ
イトボックスの内面構成材料、映写用のスクリーン等を
製作することができた。特に映写用スクリーンを製作し
たところ、光拡散反射層が薄いことと、表面が緻密なこ
とのために、明るく高鮮明な投影像を得ることができた
。Utilizing this, we were able to produce diffuse-reflection plates used in various lighting fixtures, materials for the inner surface of light boxes, and projection screens. In particular, when we produced a projection screen, we were able to obtain a bright and highly clear projected image due to the thin light-diffusing and reflective layer and dense surface.
本実施例において透明なポリメチルメタクリレート板を
用いたのは、形成させた微小節理より成る光拡散反射層
の評価結果を反射光学濃度で示すためであり、本発明に
おけるプラスチック構造体は透明プラスチック板に限定
されるものではない。The reason why a transparent polymethyl methacrylate plate was used in this example is to show the evaluation results of the light diffusing and reflecting layer made of minute joints in terms of reflective optical density, and the plastic structure in the present invention is a transparent plastic plate. It is not limited to.
また、本実施例の方法は、第１の溶媒と第２の溶媒に順
次浸漬すれば良く、従ってどのような形状のプラスチッ
ク構造体でも同様に、その表面に光拡散反射層を形成す
ることができる。Furthermore, in the method of this embodiment, it is only necessary to immerse the plastic structure in the first solvent and the second solvent in sequence, so that a light diffusing and reflecting layer can be formed on the surface of any plastic structure in the same way. can.
［実施例−２］
実施例−１と同様な方法において、３種のプラスチック
板の表面に、第１の溶媒と第２の溶媒をいろいろかえて
、光拡散反射性の微小節理層を形成させ、実施例−１と
同様に反射光学濃度を測定した。[Example-2] In the same method as in Example-1, a light-diffusing and reflective micro-articulated layer was formed on the surfaces of three types of plastic plates by changing the first solvent and the second solvent. The reflective optical density was measured in the same manner as in Example-1.
前記第１の溶媒と前記第２の溶媒を選択するのには、溶
解度パラメーターの値を用いることができる。Solubility parameter values can be used to select the first solvent and the second solvent.
溶解度パラメーターの定義を次に示す。The definitions of solubility parameters are shown below.
ＳＰ：溶解度パラメーター
△Ｈ：蒸発潜熱
Ｒ・気体恒数（Ｃａ−１／Ｍ ｏ ｌ ）Ｃ：密度（ｇ
／ ｃ ｃ ）
Ｍｕｇ分子量（ｇ／Ｍｏ ｌ ）
Ｔ：絶対温度
透明プラスチック板としてポリメチルメタクリレート板
を使用する場合、強溶媒である第１の溶媒は溶解度パラ
メーターの値（以後ＳＰ値と記す）が９．０〜９．８、
望ましくは該ＳＰ値が９．３〜９，７の範囲が良い、貧
溶媒である第２の溶媒はＳＰ値が９．９以上又は８，８
以下であれば良く、アルコール類、グリコール類、鎖状
炭化水素類、環状炭化水素類等が例としてあげることが
できる。SP: solubility parameter △H: latent heat of vaporization R・gas constant (Ca-1/Mol) C: density (g
/ c c ) Mug molecular weight (g/Mol) T: Absolute temperature When using a polymethyl methacrylate plate as a transparent plastic plate, the first solvent, which is a strong solvent, has a solubility parameter value (hereinafter referred to as SP value). 9.0-9.8,
The second solvent, which is a poor solvent, preferably has an SP value of 9.3 to 9.7, and has an SP value of 9.9 or more or 8.8.
The following may be used, and examples include alcohols, glycols, chain hydrocarbons, and cyclic hydrocarbons.
ポリメチルメタクリレート板を種々の溶解度パラメータ
ーを有する第１の溶媒に３０秒浸漬した後、！ｌ！２の
溶媒として、エタノール（ＳＰ値＝ １２．７）に６０
秒浸漬し、該ポリメチルメタクリレート板の表面に光拡
散反射性の微小節理層を形成した例を表−１に示す、透
明のまま変化しなかったものは、反射光学濃度を測定せ
ずに、表中にはＩＴＪと記す。After immersing the polymethyl methacrylate plates in the first solvent with different solubility parameters for 30 seconds,! l! 60 in ethanol (SP value = 12.7) as the solvent for
Table 1 shows an example in which a light-diffusing and reflective micro-articulated layer was formed on the surface of the polymethyl methacrylate plate by dipping for seconds.If the plate remained transparent and did not change, the reflective optical density was not measured. It is written as ITJ in the table.
表−１
表−１と同じ条件で、第２の溶媒をη−ヘキサン（ＳＰ
値＝７．３）とした場合の結果を表−２に示す。Table-1 Under the same conditions as Table-1, the second solvent was
Table 2 shows the results when the value = 7.3).
表−１と同じ条件で、第１の溶媒をジクロメタンＣ３Ｐ
値＝９．７）とし、第２の溶媒として、種々の溶媒を用
いた場合の結果を表−３に示す。Under the same conditions as Table 1, the first solvent was dichloromethane C3P.
Table 3 shows the results when various solvents were used as the second solvent.
表−３
第２の溶媒として水を用いた場合は大きな亀裂が生しる
だけで、光拡散反射面は形成されなかった。Table 3 When water was used as the second solvent, only large cracks were formed and no light diffusing and reflecting surface was formed.
これらの結果から、第１の溶媒がＳＰ値によって選択で
きることがわかった。第２の溶媒はＳＰ値が小さい側の
貧溶媒の方が、ＳＰ値が大きい側の貧溶媒よりも光拡散
反射性が大きく、また均一な光拡散反射性の微小節理層
を形成させることができた。これは、第２の溶媒中で前
記ポリメチルメタクリレート板表面に存在する第１の溶
媒が該第２の溶媒と置換する際、該第２の溶媒のＳＰ値
が大きい方が、該第２の溶媒のＳＰ値が小さい場合より
も急激に置換が行なわれるためである。これは、ＳＰ値
の異なる２種の溶媒が混合される場合、大きなＳＰ値を
有する溶媒の影響が強いことによる。These results revealed that the first solvent can be selected depending on the SP value. As for the second solvent, a poor solvent with a smaller SP value has a higher light diffusion and reflection property than a poor solvent with a larger SP value, and it is possible to form a micro-articulated layer with uniform light diffusion and reflection properties. did it. This is because when the first solvent present on the surface of the polymethyl methacrylate plate is replaced with the second solvent in the second solvent, the SP value of the second solvent is larger. This is because substitution occurs more rapidly than when the SP value of the solvent is small. This is because when two types of solvents having different SP values are mixed, the influence of the solvent having a large SP value is strong.
次に、透明プラスチック板として、ポリカーボネート板
を用い、種々の第１の溶媒に３０秒浸漬した後、第２の
溶媒としてη−ヘキサンに６０秒浸漬して、該ポリカー
ボネート板の表面に光拡散反射性の微小節理層を形成さ
せた例を表−４に示す。Next, a polycarbonate plate was used as a transparent plastic plate, and after being immersed in various first solvents for 30 seconds, it was immersed in η-hexane as a second solvent for 60 seconds, so that light was diffused and reflected on the surface of the polycarbonate plate. Table 4 shows an example of forming a micro-jointed layer.
表−４
ポリカーボネート板に光拡散反射性の微小節理層を形成
させる場合、第１の溶媒のＳＰ値が８．６〜９．９で光
拡散反射性の微小節理層が形成されるが、該第１の溶媒
のＳＰ値が９．１〜９．７の間だと、表面部分が第１の
溶媒で溶解してしまい、第２の溶媒に浸漬したさいに流
出してしまう。このため不均一な光拡散反射性の微小節
理層しか形成されない、従って、第１の溶媒として、適
度の溶解度を有するものを選択する必要がある。ポリカ
ーボネート板に対する第２の溶媒は、ＳＰ値が８．５以
下または１０００以上が使用できるがＳＰ値が８０以下
のものが第２の溶媒として望ましく、ＳＰ値が８．０〜
８．５の第２の溶媒を用いた場合は光拡散反射性が低（
、ＳＰ値がｌ０１５以上の第２の溶媒を用いた場合は均
一な光拡散反射性の微小節理層が形成されにくい。Table 4 When forming a light-diffusing and reflective micro-jointed layer on a polycarbonate plate, the light-diffusing and reflective micro-jointed layer is formed when the first solvent has an SP value of 8.6 to 9.9. If the SP value of the first solvent is between 9.1 and 9.7, the surface portion will be dissolved in the first solvent and will flow out when immersed in the second solvent. For this reason, only a micro-articulated layer with non-uniform light diffusion and reflection properties is formed.Therefore, it is necessary to select a first solvent having appropriate solubility. The second solvent for the polycarbonate plate can have an SP value of 8.5 or less or 1000 or more, but it is preferable that the second solvent has an SP value of 80 or less, and the SP value is 8.0 to 8.0.
When using the second solvent of 8.5, the light diffuse reflectivity was low (
, when a second solvent with an SP value of 1015 or more is used, it is difficult to form a uniform light-diffusing and reflective micro-articulated layer.
表−５に、透明プラスチック板としてポリスチレン板を
用い、種々の第１の溶媒に３０秒浸漬した後、第２の溶
媒としてη−ヘキサンに６０秒浸漬して、該ポリスチレ
ン板に光拡散反射性の微小節理層を形成させた例を示す
。Table 5 shows that a polystyrene plate was used as a transparent plastic plate, immersed in various first solvents for 30 seconds, and then immersed in η-hexane as a second solvent for 60 seconds to give the polystyrene plate its light diffusion and reflection properties. An example of forming a micro-jointed layer is shown below.
表−５
ポリスチレン板に光拡散反射性の微小節理層を形成させ
る場合、第１の溶媒のＳＰ値８．０〜１Ｏ１２の範囲で
あれば、光拡散反射性の微小節理層が形成されるが、Ｓ
Ｐ値が８．５〜１Ｏ１０の範囲であると、表面部分が第
１の溶媒によって溶解してしまい、第２の溶媒に浸漬し
たさい流出してしまう、このため不均一な光拡散反射層
の微小節理層しか形成されない、従って、第１の溶媒と
して適度の溶解度を有するものを選択する必要がある。Table 5 When forming a light-diffusing and reflective micro-jointed layer on a polystyrene plate, if the SP value of the first solvent is in the range of 8.0 to 1O12, a light-diffusing and reflective micro-jointed layer will be formed. , S
If the P value is in the range of 8.5 to 1O10, the surface portion will be dissolved by the first solvent and will flow out when immersed in the second solvent, resulting in an uneven light diffusing and reflecting layer. Only a fine joint layer is formed. Therefore, it is necessary to select a first solvent having appropriate solubility.
ポリスチレン板に対する第２の溶媒は、ＳＰ値が８．０
以下または１０００以上が使用できるが、ＳＰ値が８．
０以下のものが、均一な光拡散性の微小節理層を形成す
るため、望ましい。The second solvent for the polystyrene plate has an SP value of 8.0.
Below or above 1000 can be used, but if the SP value is 8.
A value of 0 or less is desirable because it forms a uniform light-diffusing microarticulated layer.
本実施例から、第１の溶媒と第２の溶媒をいろいろにか
えることで、種々の状態の光拡散性微小節理層が形成さ
れることがわかる。このことは第１の溶媒と第２の溶媒
を選択することで、種々の光拡散反射性を有する微小節
理層を形成できることを意味する。つまり、光拡散反射
性の白色層だけでなく、光拡散透過性の層を形成するた
めにも、本実施例の方法を用いることができる。From this example, it can be seen that by changing the first solvent and the second solvent variously, light diffusing fine knot layers in various states can be formed. This means that by selecting the first solvent and the second solvent, microjoint layers having various light diffusing and reflecting properties can be formed. In other words, the method of this embodiment can be used to form not only a light-diffuse-reflective white layer but also a light-diffuse-transmissive layer.
本実施例において作成したすべてのサンプルで、積分球
を取付けたー日立製作所製ダブルビーム分光光度計１２
４型によって、分光透過率分布を測定したところ、基体
であるプラスチ・ツク板と同様な分布を示すことがわか
った。従って、着色等の分光吸収分布のかたよりのない
光拡散反射性の微小節理層が形成されていることがわか
る。In all the samples created in this example, an integrating sphere was attached to the Hitachi Double Beam Spectrophotometer 12.
When the spectral transmittance distribution was measured using Type 4, it was found that the distribution was similar to that of the plastic board that was the base material. Therefore, it can be seen that a light-diffusing and reflective micro-articulated layer is formed without any deviation in the spectral absorption distribution due to coloring or the like.
本実施例から、本発明の方法による光拡散反射性の微小
節理層は、実施例−１で記した様な光拡散反射板として
の利用だけでなく、光拡散透過板としての利用もできる
。従って、電球や蛍光灯を用いて平面状光源を得るため
に用いる光拡散板や、透過型の映写スクリーン、建築用
窓材等に利用すると、光の利用効率が良く緻密な特性が
大きな利点となる。This example shows that the light-diffusing and reflective micro-articulated layer produced by the method of the present invention can be used not only as a light-diffusing and reflecting plate as described in Example-1, but also as a light-diffusing and transmitting plate. Therefore, when used in light diffusion plates used to obtain planar light sources using light bulbs and fluorescent lamps, transmission-type projection screens, architectural window materials, etc., the high light utilization efficiency and precise characteristics are great advantages. Become.
本実施例では、プラスチック板としてポリメチルメタク
リレート板、ポリカーボネート板、ポリスチレン板を用
いたが、表面を膨潤させる様な強溶媒が存在するプラス
チックなら何でも良く、従って本発明は前記プラスチッ
ク板に限定されない。In this example, a polymethyl methacrylate plate, a polycarbonate plate, and a polystyrene plate were used as the plastic plate, but any plastic may be used as long as it has a strong solvent that causes the surface to swell. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned plastic plate.
また、前記プラスチック板が透明であることと、形状が
板状であることは、実施例−１と同様に、本発明の限定
要素ではない。Furthermore, the fact that the plastic plate is transparent and has a plate-like shape is not a limiting factor of the present invention, as in Example-1.
更に、第１溶媒及び第２溶媒への浸漬時間に関し、第１
溶媒への浸漬時間が長いとプラスチック板の表面が過度
に溶解してしまい、短いと充分な光拡散効果が得られな
い。第２の溶媒への浸漬時間は長い場合はそれほど問題
ないが、短い場合は充分な光拡散効果が得られない。本
実施例での浸漬時間は一例であり、条件によって最適な
浸漬時間は変化する。Furthermore, regarding the immersion time in the first solvent and the second solvent, the first
If the immersion time in the solvent is too long, the surface of the plastic plate will dissolve excessively, and if the immersion time is too short, a sufficient light diffusion effect cannot be obtained. If the immersion time in the second solvent is long, there is no problem, but if it is short, a sufficient light diffusion effect cannot be obtained. The immersion time in this example is just an example, and the optimum immersion time changes depending on the conditions.
〔実施例−３］
実施例−２において、第１の溶媒と第２の溶媒をＳＰ値
によって選択することで、透明プラスチック板の表面に
形成される光拡散反射性の微小節理層の光拡散反射性が
変わることを示した。しかし前記光拡散反射性を任意に
調節しようとすると、単独の溶媒を用いるかぎり、無段
階の調節は不可能である。そこで、ＳＰ値の異なる２種
類またはそれ以上の溶媒を混合して任意の合成されたＳ
Ｐ値を有する混合溶媒を得ることができる。[Example-3] In Example-2, by selecting the first solvent and the second solvent based on the SP value, the light diffusion of the light-diffusing and reflective micro-jointed layer formed on the surface of the transparent plastic plate was improved. It was shown that the reflectivity changes. However, if one tries to arbitrarily adjust the light diffusive reflectivity, stepless adjustment is impossible as long as a single solvent is used. Therefore, by mixing two or more types of solvents with different SP values, any synthesized S
A mixed solvent having a P value can be obtained.
ポリメチルメタクリレート板を、ジクロルメタン（ＳＰ
値＝９．７）と四塩化炭素（ＳＰ値＝８．５）を混合し
て得た第１の溶媒と第２の溶媒であるη−ヘキサンに順
次浸漬し、該ポリメチルメタクリレート板の表面に光拡
散反射性の微小節理層を形成させた例を示す。この際、
前記第１の溶媒に８ける、ジクロルメタンと四塩化炭素
の混合比率を段階的に変えることで、前記微小節理層の
光拡散反射性を調節できることを示した。浸漬時間は第
１溶媒溶媒が３０秒、第２溶媒が６０秒である。結果を
表−６に示す。Polymethyl methacrylate plate was dichloromethane (SP
The surface of the polymethyl methacrylate plate was immersed in a first solvent obtained by mixing SP value = 9.7) and carbon tetrachloride (SP value = 8.5) and a second solvent, η-hexane. An example in which a light-diffusing and reflective micro-articulated layer is formed is shown below. On this occasion,
It was shown that by changing the mixing ratio of dichloromethane and carbon tetrachloride in steps 8 in the first solvent, the light diffusion and reflection properties of the microjoint layer could be adjusted. The immersion time is 30 seconds for the first solvent and 60 seconds for the second solvent. The results are shown in Table-6.
表−に
れらのサンプルの断面を顕微鏡で観察すると、光拡散反
射性の微小節理層の厚さが変化しているが、微小節理そ
のものは同様に形成されている。When the cross-sections of these samples are observed under a microscope, the thickness of the light-diffusing and reflective micro-joint layer changes, but the micro-joints themselves are formed in the same way.
この例では、１０％きざみであるが、光拡散反射性が太
き（変化する混合比で細かく混合比の調節を行なえば、
かなり細かい光拡散反射性の調節ができる。In this example, the light diffusivity is large in 10% increments (if you finely adjust the mixing ratio by changing the mixing ratio,
You can make very fine adjustments to the light diffusion and reflection properties.
本実施例の様に、混合溶媒を用いることで任意の光拡散
反射性を有する微小節理層を形成できるため、精密光学
機器等において、光量調節や光拡散の調節に用いる光学
部材に利用できる。−例をあげると、ＯＡ機器等に用い
る薄型バックライトに用いるライトボックスにおいて、
その内部に光拡散反射性を調節した光学部材を適当に配
置することで、照明を均一化することができる。該光学
部材を本実施例による方法で製作すれば、任意の表面光
拡散反射性を得ることができ、前記ライトボックスの設
計の自由度を大きくすることができる。As in this example, by using a mixed solvent, it is possible to form a micro-articulated layer having arbitrary light diffusion and reflection properties, so it can be used in optical members used for adjusting light quantity and light diffusion in precision optical instruments and the like. -For example, in light boxes used for thin backlights used in OA equipment,
Illumination can be made uniform by appropriately arranging an optical member with adjusted light diffusing and reflecting properties inside it. If the optical member is manufactured by the method according to this embodiment, it is possible to obtain an arbitrary surface light diffusive reflection property, and the degree of freedom in designing the light box can be increased.
本実施例では、ジクロルメタンと四塩化炭素の混合溶媒
を混合溶媒の１例として用いたが、意図した光拡散反射
性を有する微小節理層をプラスチック構造体上に得るた
め、どのような溶媒組成を使用してもかまわない。In this example, a mixed solvent of dichloromethane and carbon tetrachloride was used as an example of a mixed solvent, but what kind of solvent composition should be used in order to obtain a micro-articulated layer with the intended light diffusion and reflection properties on the plastic structure? You may use it.
また、本実施例ではポリメチルメタクリレート板を用い
たが、これについても、表面を膨潤させるような強溶媒
が存在するプラスチックならば何でも良い。Further, although a polymethyl methacrylate plate was used in this embodiment, any plastic may be used as long as it has a strong solvent that causes the surface to swell.
更に、混合溶媒は第１の溶媒の他に第２の溶媒としても
使用することができて、その際、同様の効果を期待でき
る。Furthermore, the mixed solvent can be used as a second solvent in addition to the first solvent, and in that case, similar effects can be expected.
［実施例−４］
プラスチック構造体に部分的に光拡散反射性の微小節理
層を形成した例として、半球の凸面に画像を投影するた
めの特殊な計測用のスクリーンを製作した例を示す。[Example 4] As an example in which a light-diffusing and reflective micro-joint layer is partially formed on a plastic structure, an example will be shown in which a special measurement screen for projecting an image onto the convex surface of a hemisphere was manufactured.
ポリメチルメタクリレート製の半球の外平面にゼラチン
の水溶液を塗布し、乾燥した後、前記半球全体を第１の
溶媒であるジクロルメタンに３０秒間浸漬した後、第２
の溶媒であるη−ヘキサンに６０秒間浸漬、乾燥し、該
半球の平面に塗布されたゼラチンを熱湯に浸漬して除去
することで、曲面部分のみに光拡散反射性の微小節理層
が形成された、ポリメチルメタクリレート製の半球を作
ることができた。After applying an aqueous solution of gelatin to the outer surface of a hemisphere made of polymethyl methacrylate and drying, the entire hemisphere was immersed in dichloromethane, which is a first solvent, for 30 seconds, and then a second solvent was applied.
By immersing the hemisphere in η-hexane, a solvent for 60 seconds and drying it, and removing the gelatin coated on the flat surface of the hemisphere by immersing it in hot water, a light-diffusing and reflective micro-articulated layer is formed only on the curved surface. They were also able to make a hemisphere made of polymethyl methacrylate.
このように、水溶性樹脂を１例とする、基体であるプラ
スチック構造体を犯さない溶媒に溶解し、第１の溶媒及
び第２の溶媒に犯されない樹脂の溶液を、該プラスチッ
ク構造体において、光拡散反射性の微小節理層を形成さ
せたくない部分に塗布、乾燥することで、その部分の前
記微小節理層の形成を阻止することができる。In this way, a solution of a resin, for example a water-soluble resin, which is dissolved in a solvent that does not harm the plastic structure that is the base, and which is not harmed by the first solvent and the second solvent, is applied to the plastic structure. By applying and drying the coating on a portion where a light-diffusing and reflective micro-joint layer is not desired to be formed, it is possible to prevent the formation of the micro-joint layer in that region.
また、本発明における光拡散反射性の微小節理層形成の
方法は、第１の溶媒と第２の溶媒に順次浸漬するだけな
ので、該微小節理層を形成させようとするプラスチック
構造体の形状にかかわらず、該微小節理層を形成させる
ことができる。もしも前記微小節理層を形成しようとす
るプラスチック構造体が大きなものであれば、第１の溶
媒と第２の溶媒に浸漬するのではなくシャワーやスプレ
ーを用いて該プラスチック構造体に第１の溶媒と第２の
溶媒を作用させることもできる。実際にスプレーを用い
て実験したところ、浸漬したのと同様な結果を得ること
ができた。In addition, since the method of forming a light-diffusing and reflective micro-jointed layer in the present invention only requires immersion in the first solvent and the second solvent, the shape of the plastic structure on which the micro-jointed layer is to be formed can be adjusted. Regardless, the fine joint layer can be formed. If the plastic structure on which the micro-joint layer is to be formed is large, the plastic structure may be coated with the first solvent using a shower or spray instead of being immersed in the first solvent and the second solvent. It is also possible to react with a second solvent. When we actually conducted an experiment using a spray, we were able to obtain results similar to those obtained by dipping.
このように、様々な形状のプラスチック構造体に部分的
に光拡散反射性の微小節理層を形成できるため、例えば
レンズの片面やプリズムの一面等に前記微小節理層を形
成させ、光拡散反射の要素と屈折の要素を合わせもつ様
な光学部材を製作することができる。In this way, it is possible to partially form a light-diffusion-reflecting micro-joint layer on plastic structures of various shapes. It is possible to manufacture an optical member that has both a refractive element and a refractive element.
具体例を一つあげると、プラスチック製の平凸レンズの
平面のみに前記微小節理層を形成することで、−眼レフ
カメラのファインダーに用いる焦点板とその上に設置す
るコンデンサーレンズを一体にして製作することができ
、部品点数の減少、軽量化とともに、緻密で明るいファ
インダーを実現することができた。To give one specific example, by forming the micro-joint layer only on the flat surface of a plastic plano-convex lens, it is possible to integrate the focusing plate used in the finder of an eye-reflex camera and the condenser lens installed above it. As a result, we were able to reduce the number of parts, reduce weight, and create a detailed and bright finder.
［実施例−５１
プラスチック構造体の表面に、パターン状の光拡散反射
性の微小節理層を形成させた例として、光の部分的拡散
による光量調節で光均−化を行なうための光学部材を製
作した例を示す。[Example 51] As an example of forming a patterned light-diffusing and reflective micro-articulated layer on the surface of a plastic structure, an optical member for light equalization by adjusting the light amount by partial diffusion of light was created. Here is an example of what was produced.
ポリメチルメタクリレート板に光架橋剤を添加した水溶
性樹脂の水溶液からなる感光剤を塗布、乾燥し、感光層
とする。この際、裏側全面にポリエステル粘着テープを
はって覆っておく。A photosensitive agent consisting of an aqueous solution of a water-soluble resin to which a photocrosslinking agent has been added is applied to a polymethyl methacrylate plate and dried to form a photosensitive layer. At this time, cover the entire back side with polyester adhesive tape.
感光層にパターンマスクのフィルム等を重ね高圧水銀等
によって紫外線露光を行なった後４０°の温湯に浸漬、
撹拌し、前記感光面における未露光部分を洗い流した後
、第１の溶媒であるクロロホルムと第２の溶媒であるη
−ヘキサンに順次浸漬する。この段階で前記未露光部分
に光拡散反射性の微小節理層が形成される。最後の熱湯
に浸漬して、架橋した感光層を剥離し、裏面のポリエス
テル粘着部材テープを除去する。After layering a pattern mask film etc. on the photosensitive layer and exposing it to ultraviolet light using high pressure mercury etc., immerse it in hot water at 40°.
After stirring and washing away the unexposed portion of the photosensitive surface, the first solvent chloroform and the second solvent η
- Sequential immersion in hexane. At this stage, a light-diffusing and reflective micro-articulated layer is formed in the unexposed portion. Finally, the crosslinked photosensitive layer is peeled off by immersion in hot water, and the polyester adhesive member tape on the back side is removed.
この様にして、ポリメチルメタクリレート板の表面に、
パターン状に光拡散反射性の微小節理層を形成すること
ができた。In this way, on the surface of the polymethyl methacrylate board,
We were able to form a light-diffusing and reflective micro-joint layer in a pattern.
パターン状に光拡散性の微小節理層を形成するためにレ
ジスト層として、本実施例では光架橋剤を添加した水溶
性樹脂を使用したが、未露光部分を流出させる溶媒（現
像溶媒）に溜解しかつ、光を照射すると不渚化し、該現
像溶媒と最後に基体から剥離するための剥ｉｄｉ媒が、
基体のプラスチック構造体を犯さない、第１の溶媒と第
２の溶媒に耐性を有するレジストであれば、どんなもの
でも使用できる。In this example, a water-soluble resin to which a photocrosslinking agent was added was used as a resist layer to form a light-diffusing micro-articulated layer in a pattern. The developing solvent and the peeling medium for finally peeling from the substrate are
Any resist that does not harm the base plastic structure and is resistant to the first and second solvents can be used.
また、第１の溶媒及び第２の溶媒を、前記の様にパター
ン状に作用させるために、浸漬するだけではな（、シャ
ワーやスプレーも使用することができる。Furthermore, in order to cause the first solvent and the second solvent to act in a pattern as described above, it is possible to use not only immersion (in addition to showering or spraying).
具体例をあげると、ＯＡ機器等のデイスプレーのバック
ライトに用いる光均−化技術がある。この光均−化の方
法としては、本発明の出願人が先に出願した、特願昭６
３−１７５６３４の「薄型ライトボックス」に配されて
いる様な、反射パターンを透明プラスチック板の表面に
本実施例の方法で形成すると、観察する角度に無関係の
均一な薄型バックライトを製作することができた。A specific example is a light equalization technology used for backlights of displays in office automation equipment and the like. This method of light equalization is based on the patent application filed in 1983, which was previously filed by the applicant of the present invention.
3-175634, by forming a reflective pattern on the surface of a transparent plastic plate using the method of this example, it is possible to produce a uniform thin backlight regardless of the viewing angle. was completed.
薄型バックライトを用いる、もう一つの光均−化の方法
として、エツジライト方式と称される技術がある。この
技術は導光板と称される透明プラスチック板の相対する
２端面から蛍光灯の光を入射させ、該透明プラスチック
板の片側の平面に形成された、光を拡散反射する反射パ
ターンにより、もう一方の平面の方向を均一に照明する
ものである。前記導光板に本実施例の方法で反射パター
ンを形成すると、従来の技術を用いた方法よりも明るい
均一平面光源を得ることができた。Another light equalization method using a thin backlight is a technology called the edge light method. This technology allows light from a fluorescent lamp to enter from two opposite end surfaces of a transparent plastic plate called a light guide plate, and uses a reflective pattern formed on one flat surface of the transparent plastic plate to diffusely reflect the light. It illuminates the plane uniformly in the direction of the plane. When a reflective pattern was formed on the light guide plate using the method of this example, it was possible to obtain a uniform planar light source that was brighter than the method using the conventional technique.
遺体表面に従来の技術によって極めてを薄い光拡散反射
層を形成した場合の様々な問題点を解決し、該プラスチ
ック構造体の表面に、光拡散反射性を調節可能な１部分
的あるいはパターン状に形成でき、あらゆる曲面におい
て形成可能で、更に分光吸収分布が平坦な光拡散反射層
を有するプラスチック構造体を得ることができる様にな
った。The present invention solves various problems when forming an extremely thin light-diffusing and reflecting layer on the surface of a corpse using conventional techniques, and by forming a partial or patterned layer on the surface of the plastic structure with adjustable light-diffusing and reflecting properties. It has now become possible to obtain a plastic structure having a light diffusing and reflecting layer that can be formed on any curved surface and has a flat spectral absorption distribution.
これにより、光を拡散反射又は拡散透過させたい部分に
おける光学部材、例えば、面光源、投影用スクリーン、
建築用窓材、各種デイスプレィやＯＡ機器、積電光学機
器等に使用される光学部材の光拡散反射面に利用する場
合、種々の制約がなくなり、従来よりも多様な部分に利
用できる様になったことで、高い精度で制御された光拡
散反射面を有する光学部材を、精密な光学系に組み込む
ことが可能になった。As a result, optical members such as surface light sources, projection screens,
When used as a light diffusing and reflecting surface for optical components used in architectural window materials, various displays, OA equipment, stacked optical equipment, etc., various restrictions are eliminated and it can be used in a wider variety of areas than before. This has made it possible to incorporate optical members with highly precisely controlled light diffusing and reflecting surfaces into precise optical systems.
［効 果］ 以上説明した様に、本発明はプラスチック横[effect] As explained above, the present invention
第１図は実施例−１１５ける、光拡散反射性の微細節理
層の表面を罪微鏡で観察した様子の例を模式的に示した
区であり、第２図は該微細節理層の切断面の様子の一例
を模式的に示した図である、
第１図
鴬２０Figure 1 is a diagram schematically showing an example of the surface of the light-diffusing and reflective finely jointed layer in Example-115 when observed with a microscope, and Figure 2 is a section of the finely jointed layer. Figure 1 Umugi 20 is a diagram schematically showing an example of the state of the surface.
Claims (2)
において、前記光拡散反射層が前記プラスチック構造体
の表面に形成された微小節理よりなる光拡散反射層であ
ることを特徴とする、表面に光拡散反射層を有するプラ
スチック構造体。(1) A plastic structure having a light-diffusing and reflecting layer on the surface, wherein the light-diffusing and reflecting layer is a light-diffusing and reflecting layer made of microjoints formed on the surface of the plastic structure. A plastic structure with a light-diffusing reflective layer.
において、前記光拡散反射層が前記プラスチック構造体
を、前記プラスチックの強溶媒である第１の溶媒に浸漬
後、前記プラスチックの貧溶媒でかつ第１の溶媒と相溶
性のある第２の溶媒に浸漬することにより形成される光
拡散反射層であることを特徴とする、表面に光拡散反射
層を有するプラスチック構造体。(2) In a plastic structure having a light-diffusing-reflecting layer on its surface, the light-diffusing-reflecting layer immerses the plastic structure in a first solvent that is a strong solvent for the plastic, and then immerses the plastic structure in a first solvent that is a strong solvent for the plastic. 1. A plastic structure having a light diffusing and reflecting layer on its surface, characterized in that the light diffusing and reflecting layer is formed by immersing it in a second solvent that is compatible with the first solvent.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2233978A JPH04113835A (en) | 1990-09-04 | 1990-09-04 | Plastic structure with light diffused reflection layer on surface |
| EP19910915265 EP0503071A4 (en) | 1990-09-04 | 1991-09-03 | Plastic optical member having light diffusing layer on surface, and light quantity control member |
| PCT/JP1991/001177 WO1992004400A1 (en) | 1990-09-04 | 1991-09-03 | Plastic optical member having light diffusing layer on surface, and light quantity control member |
| US07/849,398 US5384658A (en) | 1990-09-04 | 1991-09-03 | Plastic optical member and light-quantity-controlling member each having a light-diffusing layer on its surface |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2233978A JPH04113835A (en) | 1990-09-04 | 1990-09-04 | Plastic structure with light diffused reflection layer on surface |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04113835A true JPH04113835A (en) | 1992-04-15 |
| JPH0569705B2 JPH0569705B2 (en) | 1993-10-01 |
Family
ID=16963620
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2233978A Granted JPH04113835A (en) | 1990-09-04 | 1990-09-04 | Plastic structure with light diffused reflection layer on surface |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH04113835A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3866771B2 (en) * | 1996-08-05 | 2007-01-10 | 帝人株式会社 | Method for producing oriented film |
| JP2015081298A (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2015-04-27 | 滋賀県 | Porous resin molding and production method thereof |
-
1990
- 1990-09-04 JP JP2233978A patent/JPH04113835A/en active Granted
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3866771B2 (en) * | 1996-08-05 | 2007-01-10 | 帝人株式会社 | Method for producing oriented film |
| JP2015081298A (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2015-04-27 | 滋賀県 | Porous resin molding and production method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0569705B2 (en) | 1993-10-01 |
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