JPH04109659U - Rear collision energy absorption device for vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] (with amendments) [Purpose] The purpose of this invention is to sufficiently absorb the collision energy applied to the bumper in the event of a rear-end collision, and to prevent the rear-end vehicle from crawling into the vehicle. shall be. [Configuration] A bumper bracket 16 fixed to the vehicle body frame 12, a bumper slider 36 movably supported by the bumper bracket, a tire stopper 22 fixed to the bumper slider, and an oil fixed to the other end of the bumper slider. An elastic member is inserted between at least one of the tire stopper and the bumper bracket and between the oil buffer and the bumper bracket.

Description

[Detailed explanation of the idea]

0001

[Industrial application field]

The present invention relates to a rear collision energy absorption device for vehicles, and is particularly applicable to large vehicles such as freight vehicles. A vehicle suitable for absorbing collision energy when a small vehicle such as a passenger car collides with the vehicle. This invention relates to a dual-use rear collision energy absorption device.

0002

[Conventional technology]

In various vehicles such as automobiles, the front and rear parts of the vehicle absorb collision energy. A damper is installed. However, when a large vehicle such as a freight vehicle is mixed with a small vehicle such as a passenger car, When a model vehicle collides, the bumper alone is sufficient to absorb the energy of the rear-end collision. Can not. Additionally, the rear-end vehicle may crawl into the bottom side of the truck's body frame. There is. Therefore, as described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 1988-10158, the car body A spare tire is placed on the bottom side of the frame, and the spare tire also helps prevent collisions in the event of a rear-end collision. A device capable of absorbing sudden energy has been proposed.

0003

[Problem that the idea aims to solve]

However, depending on the vehicle, the spare tire cannot be placed on the rear side of the body frame. In addition, the bumper absorbs the collision energy in the event of a rear-end collision. may not be able to absorb enough collision energy in the event of a rear-end collision. The purpose of this invention is to sufficiently absorb the collision energy applied to the bumper during a rear-end collision. Rear collision system for vehicles that can prevent rear-end vehicles from sliding into the vehicle. An object of the present invention is to provide an energy absorption device.

0004

[Means to solve the problem]

This invention consists of a bumper bracket fixed at the bottom of the vehicle frame behind the rear wheels. and a bumper movably inserted into the shaft insertion hole of the bumper bracket. It is fixed to the rear wheel side end of the rider and bumper slider and faces opposite to the running surface of the tire. The tire stopper placed on the bumper slider is located in the opposite direction. and an oil buffer fixed to the end and connected to the rear bumper via an elastic member. There is an oil buffer and bumper bracket between the tire stopper and bumper bracket. characterized in that an elastic member is inserted into at least one of the spaces between the Ru.

[0005] Another configuration of the present invention is to rotatably connect the bumper bracket to the vehicle body frame, The upper surface of the oil buffer is connected to the vehicle body frame via an elastic member. Features.

[0006]

[Effect]

According to the above-mentioned means, when a vehicle rear-ends a bumper, the impact caused by the rear-end vehicle is absorbed. join the group. This impact causes the bumper to move toward the rear wheel and cause the bumper to slide forward. The wheel moves to the rear wheel side. When the bumper slider moves, the bumper bracket and oil The elastic member inserted between the wheel buffer and the tire stopper is compressed, causing the tire stopper to come into contact with the rear wheel. touch At this time, the oil buffer is also compressed, and the collision energy at the time of a rear-end collision is transferred to the oil buffer. Absorbed by the buffer and rear wheels. And the impact energy from the rear-end collision was absorbed. After that, it depends on the elastic force of the elastic member inserted between the oil buffer and bumper bracket. Therefore, the tire stopper separates from the rear wheel, and the elastic member attached to the bumper slider The bumper slider stops at the position where the elastic forces are balanced and returns to the position before the collision.

[0007] In addition, the bumper bracket is rotatably connected to the vehicle body frame, and the oil tank is When the buffer is connected to the vehicle body frame via an elastic member, the collision energy of a rear-end vehicle can be absorbed. acts on the bumper, the bumper slider slides between the bumper bracket and the vehicle frame. The bumper rotates using the connection point with the bumper as a rotational fulcrum, and the bumper rotates toward the ground, pushing the rear-ending vehicle to the ground. By pressing it to the side, you can reliably prevent a vehicle from rear-ending you from crawling into it.

[0008]

【Example】

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. In FIGS. 1 and 3, the rear wheel 14 of the vehicle body frame 12 of the vehicle 10 A bumper bracket 16 is fixed to the bottom side. Both sides of bumper bracket 16 A shaft insertion hole 18 facing the rear wheel 14 is formed on the side, and each insertion hole 18 has a A shaft 20 serving as a bumper slider is inserted therethrough. Rear wheel of each shaft 20 A tire stopper 22 formed in an arc shape is fixed to the side end of the tire. An oil buffer 24 is fixed to the other end of the foot 20. Bumper bracket 1 Pressure plates 26 and 28 are arranged on both sides of the insertion hole 18 of 6. The shaft 20 between the isher plate 26 and the oil buffer 24 has a return The pull 30 is wound between the pressure plate 28 and the tire stopper 22. A return spring 32 is wound around the outer periphery of the shaft 20.

[0009] The oil buffer 24 has a cylinder 34 connected to the end of the shaft 20, A piston rod 36 connected to a piston is slidably inserted into the cylinder 34. It is. A return spring 38 is wound around the outer circumference of the piston rod 36. The tip of the piston rod 36 is connected to the wall of the rear large bumper 40. ing. The oil buffer 24 stores oil in the cylinder chamber and When the piston rod 36 moves backward due to impact force acting on the piston rod 40, the inside of the cylinder chamber Oil is jetted from an orifice on the cylinder chamber wall into a room adjacent to the cylinder chamber, It is configured to absorb impact energy by generating hydraulic resistance.

0010 In the above configuration, when another vehicle collides from the rear side of the vehicle 10, the impact of the rear-end vehicle When a force is applied to the bumper 40, the shaft 20 moves toward the rear wheel 14, as shown in FIG. As it moves to the side, the return spring 30 is compressed. And tire strike The bumper 22 contacts the running surface of the rear wheel 14, and the collision energy of the rear-end vehicle is transferred to the rear wheel 14. and is absorbed by the oil buffer 24. On the other hand, the rear-ending vehicle When the collision energy of F is absorbed by the rear wheels 14 and the oil buffer 24, the impact force F becomes The tire stopper 22 is removed from the rear wheel 14 by the reaction force of the return spring 30. away, until the reaction forces of return spring 32 and return spring 30 are balanced. The shaft 20 stops at this position.

[0011] In this way, according to this embodiment, the collision energy of the rear-end vehicle is transferred to the rear wheels 14 and the oil. Since the energy is absorbed by the buffer 24, the collision energy in the event of a rear-end collision is sufficiently absorbed. It can also cause a braking action proportional to the force of a rear-end collision. By doing so, it is possible to reduce the risk of the vehicle being thrown out due to a rear-end collision. Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 5 to 8.

0012 In this embodiment, the bumper bracket 16 is divided into bumper brackets 16A and 16B. Then, insert the bearing 42 between the bumper brackets 16A and 16B, and When the kit 16A is rotatably supported by the bumper bracket 16B via the bearing 42, In both cases, a damper 44 is connected to the upper surface side of the oil buffer 24, and the damper 44 is connected to the upper surface side of the oil buffer 24. It is fixed to the vehicle body frame 12 via a bracket 46, and is further fixed to the rear large bumper 48. The other structure is the same as that of the previous embodiment. The same parts are given the same reference numerals and their explanation will be omitted.

[0013] In the above configuration, when a following vehicle rear-ends the vehicle 10, the impact force F of the rear-end vehicle is It acts on the pump 48 and moves the shaft 20 toward the rear wheel 14. This returns The spring 30 is compressed and the tire stopper 22 comes into contact with the running surface of the rear wheel 14. . At this time, a braking effect occurs due to the frictional force between the rear wheel and the tire stopper 22, A sudden start is prevented. Furthermore, the collision energy is transmitted to the rear wheel 14 and the tire stopper 2. 2 and is absorbed by the hydraulic resistance force of the oil buffer 24. Absorbed. Furthermore, at this time, the shaft 20 is rotated so that the tire stopper 22 is in the arrow x direction. As it moves, it rotates about the bearing 42 as a rotational fulcrum. For this reason, the bumper 48 moves downward and pursues the rear-end vehicle that collided with the bumper 48 while firmly catching it. It can reliably prevent the collision vehicle from crawling into the vehicle by pushing the collision vehicle downward. Ru. When the collision energy is completely absorbed, the return spring 30 reacts. The force causes the tire stopper 22 to separate from the rear wheel 14, and the return inside the bumper 48 The bumper 48 returns to its original position due to the reaction force of the spring 50.

[0014]

[Effect of the idea] As explained above, the present invention utilizes an oil buffer to absorb the collision energy of a rear-end vehicle. Since the impact is absorbed by the contact between the tire stopper and the rear wheel, the impact of the rear-end vehicle is absorbed. It can sufficiently absorb impact energy. Furthermore, a following vehicle collided with the bumper. When the tire stopper contacts the rear wheel, the shaft rotates and the bumper is lowered. Since the rear-end vehicle is moved in the direction of It is possible to reliably prevent this from occurring.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a vehicle equipped with a device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a rear view of the vehicle of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the main parts of the device according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the operating state of the device according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a side view of a vehicle showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a rear view of the vehicle of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of main parts showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the operating state of another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 Vehicle 12 Body frame 14 Rear wheel 16 Bumper bracket 18 Shaft insertion hole 20 Shaft 22 Tire stopper 24 Oil buffer 30, 32 Return spring 36 Piston rod 38 Return spring 40,48 Rear large bumper 42 Bearing 44 Damper 46 Bumper bracket 50 Return spring

Claims (2)

[Scope of utility model registration request] Claim 1: A bumper bracket fixed to the bottom of the vehicle body frame behind the rear wheel, a bumper slider movably inserted into the shaft insertion hole of the bumper bracket, and a bumper slider fixed to the rear wheel side end of the bumper slider. A tire stopper that is fixed and placed opposite the running surface of the tire, and an oil buffer that is fixed to an end of the bumper slider in the opposite direction from the tire stopper and connected to the rear bumper via an elastic member. 1. A rear collision energy absorption device for a vehicle, characterized in that an elastic member is inserted between at least one of a tire stopper and a bumper bracket, and an oil buffer and a bumper bracket. 2. The rear collision energy system for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the bumper bracket is rotatably connected to the vehicle body frame, and the upper surface side of the oil buffer is connected to the vehicle body frame via an elastic member. Absorption device.