JPH04101032U - one way clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] To provide rolling elements such as rollers 21 between the inner ring 13 and outer ring 16, and to shorten the axial dimension of the one-way clutch. [Structure] Rollers 21 are provided between a first cylindrical portion 14 of an inner ring 13 and a second cylindrical portion 17 of an outer ring 16. A clutch means such as a sprag 3 is provided between a first flange 15 of the inner ring 13 and a second flange 18 of the outer ring 16. Inner ring 13 and outer ring 16
are supported by the first and second members 25 and 26 in a state where they rotate relative to each other but are not displaced in the axial direction.

Description

[Detailed explanation of the idea]

0001

[Industrial application field]

The one-way clutch according to this invention can be used, for example, in automobile transmissions or various mechanical devices. It is installed in It is used to make only those who are free.

0002

[Conventional technology]

For example, in automobile transmissions, support is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft and around this rotating shaft. A one-way clutch is provided between the inner peripheral surface of the gear and the inner peripheral surface of the gear. stop The lever's one-way clutch will remain in place when the rotating shaft rotates in a certain direction. This rotational force is transmitted to the gear, causing the gear to rotate. Also, the rotation axis is in the opposite direction. When the rotation occurs, the one-way clutch slips and the rotation of the rotating shaft becomes unrestricted. First, make sure that the above gear does not rotate.

0003 Conventionally, a one-way clutch such as the one shown in Figure 7 has been used as a one-way clutch used in such cases. Directional clutches are known. This one-way clutch is fixed externally to the outer circumferential surface of the shaft, etc. between the outer circumferential surface of the inner ring 1 and the inner circumferential surface of the outer ring 2, which is fitted and fixed to the inner circumferential surface of a gear, etc. , is configured by providing a plurality of sprags 3. 4 is these multiple sprags 3 A retainer 5 holds the sprags 3 in an aligned state, and 5 is used to bias the plurality of sprags 3 in one direction. It is a spring. Also, between both ends of the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 1 and both ends of the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 2, is supplied with oil from the shaft hole by centrifugal force through the oil supply hole 34 provided in the inner ring 1, The inner ring 1 is provided with oil-lubricated sliding bearing end bearings 6, 6, respectively. and the outer ring 2 are held concentrically, and the relative rotation between the inner ring 1 and the outer ring 2 is circular. I try to make it run smoothly.

0004 The operation of the conventional one-way clutch configured as described above is as follows. First of all, When the inner ring 1 and the outer ring 2 rotate relative to each other in a certain direction, the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 1 and the outer ring 2 A plurality of sprags 3 stand up between the inner peripheral surface of the inner ring 1 and and parallel to the diameter direction of the outer ring 2), and the inner part of each sprag 3 Be strong so that the end part bites into the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 1 and the outer end part bites into the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 2. Close contact. As a result, the inner ring 1 and outer ring 2 rotate integrally, and the shaft etc. Rotation occurs between a member to which the inner ring 1 of a gear is fitted and fixed on the outside, and a member to which the outer ring 2 of a gear etc. is fitted and fixed. Transmission of rolling force takes place.

[0005] On the other hand, when the inner ring 1 and the outer ring 2 rotate relative to each other in opposite directions, between the inner end of the sprag 3 and the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 1, and between the outer end of the plurality of sprags 3 and the outer ring 2. Each sprag 3 falls down due to the frictional force acting between it and the inner circumferential surface of the The inner end of each sprag 3 and the outside of the inner ring 1 The outer end portion and the inner circumferential surface of the outer ring 2 slide respectively. As a result, inner ring 1 and outer ring The ring 2 now rotates independently, and the member such as the shaft that fixes the inner ring 1 to the outside and the gear Rotational force is no longer transmitted between the outer ring 2 and the other member in which the outer ring 2 is fitted and fixed.

[0006] However, in the case of the one-way clutch shown in FIG. 7, the relative relationship between the inner ring 1 and the outer ring 2 is A sliding bearing is used as the end bearing 6, which is a bearing to allow rotation. Because of this, the friction loss when the inner ring 1 and outer ring 2 rotate relative to each other is large.

[0007] Moreover, when the relative rotation between the inner ring 1 and the outer ring 2 is performed at high speed, the end Both the inner and outer circumferential surfaces of the bearings 6, 6, the inner circumferential surface of the outer ring 2, and the outer circumferential surface of the inner ring 1 are seized. There may be cases where In order to prevent such seizure, the above-mentioned end bearing 6, There is originally a one-way clamp between the inner and outer circumferential surfaces of the outer ring 6 and the inner circumferential surface of the outer ring 2 and the outer circumferential surface of the inner ring 1. It is necessary to supply lubricating oil in excess of that required for lubricating the lubricant. Increased amount of lubricant If it is too large, it is not preferable because it leads to increased resistance to relative rotation between the inner ring 1 and the outer ring 2.

[0008] For this reason, it has been described in French Patent Application No. 2413582 etc. One-way clutches are known in which rolling elements are provided between an inner ring and an outer ring.

[0009] This one-way clutch is constructed as shown in FIG. each cylindrical in shape The middle part of the outer circumferential surface of the inner ring 7 and the inner circumferential surface of the outer ring 8 are assembled concentrically with each other. As in the case of the one-way clutch shown in FIG. 7, there are multiple sprats between the There are three groups. Furthermore, both ends of the outer circumferential surface of the inner ring 7 and both ends of the inner circumferential surface of the outer ring 8 are In between, rolling elements 11 and 12 held by cages 9 and 10, respectively, It is provided with the plug 3 sandwiched therebetween.

0010 The one-way clutch shown in FIG. Since the relative rotation between the ring 7 and the outer ring 8 is allowed, the relative rotation between the inner ring 7 and the outer ring 8 is The inner ring can be rotated with light force, and the inner ring can be rotated easily without a large amount of lubricant. 7 and the outer ring 8 can be rotated at a relatively high speed without fear of seizure.

[0011]

[Problem that the idea aims to solve]

However, even with a one-way clutch as shown in Fig. 8, the following There were various problems that needed to be solved.

0012 That is, in the case of the one-way clutch shown in FIG. 8, the sprag 3 and the rolling elements 11 and 12 are arranged in series across the axial direction of the inner ring 7 and outer ring 8 (horizontal direction in FIG. 8). . For this reason, the width dimension W extending in the axial direction of the inner ring 7 and outer ring 8 is prevented from increasing. I can't do it.

[0013] When the width dimension W of the one-way clutch increases in this way, the shaft to which the inner ring 7 is fitted and fixed , etc., as well as the thickness of the gear, etc. that fits and fixes the outer ring 8 inside. Mau. As a result, transmissions that incorporate one-way clutches become larger than necessary. etc., are not desirable.

[0014] The one-way clutch of the present invention has the advantage that instead of increasing the diametrical dimension, the axial dimension By reducing the diameter, when installed in a part where the diameter dimension can be secured, By reducing the size of the one-way clutch, it is possible to downsize the mechanical device incorporating the one-way clutch. It is something to do.

[0015]

[Means to solve the problem]

The one-way clutch of the present invention includes a first cylindrical part and a continuous part from the first cylindrical part. a first bearing ring having a first flange formed therein; and a second bearing ring concentric with the first cylindrical part. and the second cylindrical part, facing the first flange. a second bearing ring having a second flange portion, a peripheral surface of the first cylindrical portion and a second cylindrical portion; between the plurality of rolling elements provided between the peripheral surface of the first flange and the second flange; A clamp that is provided in the and a means for

[0016]

[Effect]

The one-way clutch of the present invention configured as described above is arranged concentrically and relative to each other. a pair of first , a first raceway is fixed to the circumferential surface of the first member between the second members, and a second raceway is fixed to the circumferential surface of the first member. The road ring is provided in a state where it is fixed to the circumferential surface of the second member.

[0017] In this state, if the first and second members rotate relative to each other in a certain direction, the first Side surface of the first flange formed on the bearing ring and side surface of the second flange formed on the second bearing ring The first bearing ring and the second bearing ring are brought together by the action of the clutch means provided between them. The body rotates, and rotational force is transmitted between the first and second members. be called.

[0018] On the other hand, when the first and second members rotate relative to each other in opposite directions, the clutch By the action of the means, the first bearing ring and the second bearing ring are brought into contact with the circumferential surface of the first cylindrical part and the second bearing ring. Rotates independently based on the rolling of rolling elements provided between the circumferential surface of the cylindrical part of As a result, rotational force is no longer transmitted between the first and second members. .

[0019]

【Example】 1 to 4 show a first embodiment of the invention. 13 is sufficient rigidity of bearing steel, etc. The inner ring, which is the first raceway ring, is entirely annularly formed from a material having . This inner ring 13 includes a first cylindrical portion 14 and one end portion of this first cylindrical portion 14 (see FIG. The first flange is formed diametrically outward (upper side in Figure 1) from the left end (left end). It has a collar part 15.

[0020] 16 is an outer ring which is a second bearing ring and is also formed into an annular shape from bearing steel or the like. be. This outer ring 16, which is arranged concentrically with the inner ring 13, is connected to the first cylindrical part 14. a second cylindrical portion 17 having an inner diameter r (d<r) larger than an outer diameter d of the second cylindrical portion 17; from the other end of the cylindrical part 17 (right end in Figure 1) to the outside in the diametrical direction (upper side in Figure 1). It has a second flange portion 18 formed in a flange shape. In the illustrated embodiment, Continuing from the outer peripheral edge of this second flange portion 18 in the same direction as the second cylindrical portion 17, , forming a third cylindrical portion 19. The inner diameter R of this third cylindrical portion 19 is The outer diameter D of the first flange 15 is slightly larger (R>D).

[0021] The inner ring 13 and the outer ring 16 configured as described above are arranged in a second cylinder as shown in The edge of the portion 17 is opposed to the side surface of the first flange 15, and the outer peripheral edge of the first flange 15 is are assembled so as to face the inner circumferential surface of the third cylindrical portion 19. And like this When assembled, the outer circumferential surface of the first cylindrical portion 14 and the second cylindrical portion are concentric with each other. A plurality of rolling elements are held between the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 17 and the retainer 20. A plurality of rollers 21 are provided.

[0022] Further, between the first flange 15 and the second flange 18, second and third cylindrical portions 1 In the space 22 partitioned on the inner and outer circumferential sides by 7 and 19, the first and second flanges 15 and 18 should constitute a clutch means that only allows displacement in a specific direction. In addition, a plurality of sprags 3 are provided in a state where they are held by retainers 23, 23. The plurality of sprags 3 are then moved in one direction (as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 to be described later) by means of a spring 24. counterclockwise). Note that the retainer 4 in the structure shown in FIG. 7 described above is made of gold. Whereas the cage 23 in FIG. 1 was constructed by forming a metal plate into a cylindrical shape, By forming the metal plate into a ring shape and providing multiple pockets to hold the sprag 3. It is configured.

[0023] As shown in Fig. 2, the one-way clutch of the present invention configured as described above has a It is assembled between the outer peripheral surface of the first member 25 and the inner peripheral surface of the second member 26 such as a gear. It will be done. These first and second members 25 and 26 are arranged concentrically with each other, and their relative rotation is Although the combination is flexible, relative displacement in the axial direction is impossible.

[0024] Among the first and second members 25 and 26 as described above, the first member 25 has a step on its outer peripheral surface. A first cylindrical portion 27 forming the inner ring 13 is formed in the stepped portion 27. One end of the portion 14 is abutted. Further, a male screw formed on the outer peripheral surface of the first member 25 A retaining nut 29 is screwed into the portion 28, and a portion between the retaining nut 29 and the step portion 27 is By pinching the first cylindrical portion 14 with the It is fixed.

[0025] On the other hand, a stepped portion 30 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the second member 26. , one end of the third cylindrical portion 19 constituting the outer ring 16 is abutted against the third cylindrical portion 19 . Also, the second A retaining nut 32 is screwed into a female screw portion 31 formed on the inner circumferential surface of the member 26. By sandwiching the third cylindrical portion 19 between the holding nut 32 and the stepped portion 30, , the outer ring 16 is fixed to the second member 26.

[0026] As shown in FIG. 2, the one-way clutch of the present invention is constructed by connecting the first and second members 25 and The first and second members 25 and 26 rotate relative to each other in a certain direction when assembled between When rolling, as shown in FIG. 3, the side surface of the first flange 15 of the inner ring 13 and the outer ring 16 A plurality of sprags 3 are connected to the side surface of the second flange 18 of the spring 24 (FIGS. 1 and 2). Stands up due to elasticity (almost parallel to the axial direction of the inner ring 13 and outer ring 16) ), and one end of each sprag 3 (the left end in FIGS. 1 to 3) is connected to the first end of the inner ring 13. The other end (the right end in FIGS. 1 to 3) of the second flange 18 of the outer ring 16 is attached to the side surface of the flange 15. Make strong contact with the sides so that they bite into each other. As a result, the inner ring 13 and the outer ring 16 The first member 25, to which the inner ring 13 is fitted and fixed, rotates integrally with the outer ring. Rotational force is transmitted between the ring 16 and the second member 26 into which the ring 16 is fitted and fixed.

[0027] On the other hand, when the inner ring 13 and the outer ring 16 rotate relative to each other in opposite directions, the plurality of steps described above between one end of the plug 3 and the side surface of the first flange 15 of the inner ring 13, and between the plurality of sprats. Friction that acts between the other end of the ring 3 and the side surface of the second flange 18 of the outer ring 16 Due to the force, each sprag 3 falls down as shown in Fig. 4 (inclined with respect to the axial direction) ), and one end of each sprag 3 and the side surface of the first flange 15 of the inner ring 13 However, the other end and the side surface of the second flange 18 of the outer ring 16 slide.

[0028] As a result, a Based on the rolling of the rollers 21, the inner ring 13 and outer ring 16 begin to rotate independently. , a first member 25 to which an inner ring 13 such as a shaft is fitted and fixed on the outside, and an outer ring 16 such as a gear is fitted and fixed inside. Rotational force is no longer transmitted between the second member 26 and the fixed second member 26.

[0029] Next, FIGS. 5 and 6 show a second embodiment of the present invention. In this example, the first The rolling elements provided between the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 14 and the inner peripheral surface of the second cylindrical portion 17 are replaced by rollers. and balls 33, 33, and a deep groove ball bearing is constructed between the inner ring 13 and the outer ring 16. ing.

[0030] As a result, in the case of this embodiment, the one-way clutch is connected to the first and second members 25 and 26. This prevents the inner ring 13 and outer ring 16 from coming apart even before they are assembled between them. This makes it easier to handle the one-way clutch before assembly.

[0031] Note that the clutch means provided between the first flange 15 and the second flange 18 includes: The clutch is not limited to the sprag clutch shown in the figure, but may also be a roller clutch. this In this case, at least one of the mutually opposing side surfaces of the first and second flanges 15 and 18 is Both sides form a cam surface on one side.

[0032]

[Effect of the idea]

The one-way clutch of the present invention is constructed and operates as described above, but it requires a large amount of water. It can rotate at high speed without requiring lubricating oil, and has a small axial dimension. Mechanical devices incorporating directional clutches can be made smaller and lighter.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view showing a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view showing the assembled state of the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1, showing a locked state.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1, showing a slip state.

FIG. 5 is a partial sectional view showing a second embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a partial sectional view showing the assembled state of the second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a first example of a conventional one-way clutch.

FIG. 8 is a partial sectional view showing a second example.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Inner circle 2 Outer ring 3 Sprag 4 Cage 5 spring 6 End bearing 7 Inner circle 8 Outer ring 9 Cage 10 Cage 11 Rolling element 12 Rolling element 13 Inner circle 14 First cylindrical part 15 First collar 16 Outer ring 17 Second cylindrical part 18 Second collar 19 Third cylindrical part 20 Cage 21 Koro 22 Space 23 Cage 24 Spring 25 First member 26 Second member 27 Stepped section 28 Male thread part 29 Holding nut 30 Step part 31 Female thread part 32 Holding nut 33 balls 34 Oil supply hole

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] Claim 1: A first bearing ring having a first cylindrical part and a first collar part continuously formed from the first cylindrical part, and a second bearing ring that is concentric with the first cylindrical part. a second bearing ring that is continuously formed from a cylindrical part and this second cylindrical part and has a second flange facing the first flange; A plurality of rolling elements provided between the circumferential surface of the second cylindrical portion and the first flange portion and the second flange portion, and the first and second flange portions are A one-way clutch consisting of a clutch means that only allows displacement in one direction.