JPH0398615A - Deodorizing device and its application - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable an adsorption layer to be easily recycled without removal of the adsorption layer and improve its handling simplicity by installing an adsorption layer recycling device along with an odorous component adsorption layer of a deodorizing device. CONSTITUTION:A deodorizing device consists of the suction hole 2 which takes in a gas containing an odorous component to be deodorized, a discharged hole 7 which discharges the deodorized gas free from the odorous component, a flow path 8 which connects the suction hole 2 to the discharge hole 7 and a deodorizing device 4 which deodorizes the odorous component from a gas in the flow path 8. An odor adsorption layer 4b is arranged in the deodorizing device 4 to desorb the odorous component adsorbed by the adsorption layer 4b during the recycling of the adsorption layer 4b using a heating device 4e. Consequently, the adsorption layer can be easily recycled without removal of the adsorption layer.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a deodorizing device for deodorizing odor components in the air and its uses. [Prior Art] In recent years, odors emitted from consumer equipment such as air purifiers and air conditioners, and industrial equipment such as factory exhaust gas purifiers and human waste treatment plant exhaust gas have become a problem. Some deodorizing devices for removing odor components contained in gas include, for example, devices that have a dust collecting filter and a deodorizing filter, and after removing dust with the dust collecting filter, deodorizing is performed with the deodorizing filter. The above-mentioned deodorizing filters include those that chemically adsorb and deodorize odor components using an adsorbent obtained by chemically treating activated carbon (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 166020/1983); After adsorbing odors using a filter, the filter is removed from the device and heated in an oven or the like to desorb and decompose the adsorbed odors (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-24
No. 0923) is known. [Problem to be solved by the invention] With conventional deodorizing filters, when the adsorbed odors become saturated, the filter must be replaced with a new filter, or the filter must be removed and heated to desorb the odorous components, and then the odorous components can be decomposed using a platinum-based catalyst. It is something to do. The former is disposable, and the latter is reusable, but each time it is recycled,
It takes time and effort to remove it from the device, making it inconvenient to use. Another problem is that a dedicated heating furnace is required to desorb odor components. An object of the present invention is to provide a deodorizing device, an air conditioner, and an air purifier equipped with the deodorizing device, which can solve the above-mentioned problems and can easily remove and remove odor adsorbed by the filter without removing the filter from the device. It's about doing. [Means for Solving the Problems] The gist of the present invention is as follows.

an inlet that takes in gas containing odor components to be deodorized;
A deodorizing device comprising: a discharge port for discharging the gas from which the odor components have been deodorized; a flow path connecting the suction port and the discharge port; and a deodorization means for deodorizing the odor components in the gas within the flow path. , a deodorizing device characterized in that the deodorizing means has an odor adsorption layer, and a heating means for desorbing odor components adsorbed to the adsorption layer during regeneration of the adsorption layer,
and air conditioners, air purifiers, etc. equipped with the deodorizing device. The deodorizing device is preferably equipped with an odor sensor that detects when the adsorption layer is saturated with odor components and the odor is discharged without being absorbed. With the above odor sensor,
A signal is sent to the heating means to desorb and regenerate the odor components in the adsorption layer, and this is activated to perform the regeneration process. If necessary, a signal from the odor sensor can be used to operate a blocking means for preventing inhalation of gas containing odor components, thereby blocking inhalation. Further, even when odor desorbed from the adsorption layer is brought into contact with the catalyst layer and decomposed, by providing an odor sensor, it is possible to control when to start and stop the heating means for the catalyst layer. The odor sensor can detect whether or not desorbed odor or decomposed gas is generated from the adsorption layer or catalyst layer due to the regeneration process, and the regeneration heating means for the adsorption layer can be canceled to perform the deodorization process again.

As an adsorption layer for odors, especially odorous components contained in indoor air, adsorbents with high adsorption capacity, such as activated carbon, zeolite, alumina, silica, zirconia, titania, and magnesia, can be used. The shape of these adsorption layers can be arbitrarily selected as required, such as granular, plate, honeycomb, or three-dimensional mesh.

Also, depending on the odor to be deodorized, molecular sieves etc. can be used. Generally, the temperature of the adsorption layer during adsorption is preferably lower than <40°C.
Preferably less than ℃. At temperatures above 40°C, the adsorption capacity decreases. The higher the heating temperature for desorbing and regenerating odor components from the adsorption layer, the more efficient it is, but it is important to avoid deterioration of the adsorption layer40.
A range of 300°C to 300°C is preferable. Therefore, as a means for heating the adsorption layer, it is preferable to use a method that can be controlled arbitrarily within the above range. The means for heating the adsorption layer is not particularly limited, such as electrical heating of the adsorption layer itself, heating with a heater, heating with infrared irradiation, or heating with heated gas, but these desorption and regeneration treatments can be performed using a deodorizing device. This allows processing to be performed inside the chamber with the adsorption layer attached. The catalyst layer helps decompose the odor components desorbed by the adsorption layer during regeneration. Such catalysts include one or more inorganic oxides such as alumina, magnesia, silica, zirconia, calcia, barrier, and titania, and metals and metal oxides such as manganese, cobalt, copper, silver, nickel, iron, and platinum group. It consists of one or more types. In the catalyst, manganese, cobalt, copper,
Silver, nickel, and iron in the form of oxides range from 1 to 1 per total catalyst weight.
30% by weight, preferably 5% by weight or more when the odor concentration is particularly high. Further, even if the amount exceeds 30% by weight, no further effect can be obtained. Platinum group metals, in metal form, range from 0.05 to 0.05 per total catalyst weight.
1% by weight, preferably 0.1% by weight or more when the odor concentration is particularly high. Moreover, if it exceeds 1% by weight, it tends to aggregate and the activity decreases. The shape of these catalyst layers is not particularly limited, such as granular, plate-like, honeycomb-like, or three-dimensional network shape. Further, it is preferable to provide the catalyst layer in parallel with the adsorption layer, since it is possible to decompose odor components at the same time as the regeneration and desorption treatment of the adsorption layer. The temperature of the decomposition reaction of desorbed odor components in the catalyst layer is 40
~300°C is preferred. If the temperature is lower than 40°C, the odor components will not be sufficiently decomposed, and if the temperature exceeds 300°C, the catalyst itself may deteriorate or decompose, which is not preferable. The intake amount of the process gas relative to the catalyst amount is preferably in the range of Zoo-100, OOOh-'' per unit volume of catalyst. The odor sensor needs to be selected depending on the type of intake gas and the adsorbed odor components.

For example, an oxide semiconductor made of SnO can be used as an odor sensor for adsorbing acetaldehyde in the atmosphere. As an odor sensor when adsorbing ammonia etc. A piezoelectric sensor consisting of ZnO and an adsorption medium is used, and a diaphragm type glass electrode sensor is used in the case of NOx, etc.

Furthermore, the odor sensor can be installed at an appropriate location, such as near the adsorption layer or the gas outlet, depending on the structure of the odor sensor, the structure of the deodorizing device, the direction of gas flow, etc. It is preferable that the signals taken out from the odor sensor are inputted as control signals via a programmed computer to the control means for operating the respective parts of the deodorizing device to perform predetermined control. [Function] The reason why the deodorizing device of the present invention can be used for a long period of time without having to remove the adsorption layer from the deodorizing device is that the odor adsorption layer is provided with a regenerating means. Furthermore, the reason why the deodorizing device of the present invention can maintain excellent deodorizing performance is that by using an odor sensor, it is possible to accurately determine when to regenerate the adsorption layer. Next, the present invention will be explained based on examples. [Example 1
] The first construction drawing is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of an air cleaner equipped with the deodorizing element of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the deodorizing element. (1) Deodorizing mode Indoor air 1 containing odor components is taken in through an intake port (intake grille) 2 and introduced into an electrostatic filter 3. The electrostatic filter 3 is equipped with a discharge electrode and a dust collection electrode,
Corona discharge is generated by a DC voltage of several kV applied to the discharge @ electrode and the collector Ill electrode. The dust in the introduced air is negatively charged by the corona discharge, and is removed by being attracted to the positively charged dust collection electrode. Odor components that could not be removed by the electrostatic filter 3 are introduced into the next deodorizing element 4. As shown in FIG. 2, the deodorizing element has a catalyst layer 4a and an adsorption layer 4b arranged to sandwich an odor sensor 4c, and the adsorption layer 4b is provided with a heating heater 4e. Heating heater 4e
The heating temperature is 100° C. or lower, which is a relatively low temperature heater, and a nichrome wire sandwiched between glass cloth is sufficient to achieve the object of the present invention. Further, an odor sensor 4d is arranged downstream of the adsorption layer 4b. The odor components are adsorbed by the adsorption layer 4b, and the regenerated and purified air is discharged from the outlet 7 by the suction/exhaust fan 5, duct 8, and wind direction plate 6, and returned to the room. (2) Regeneration mode When the adsorption WI 4b is saturated by the adsorption of the odor components, the odor components are not adsorbed and begin to be discharged through the adsorption layer. This is detected by an odor sensor 4d placed downstream of the adsorption layer 4b. The signal from the odor sensor is transmitted to a control means (not shown) comprising a microcomputer.
and based on the signal and a preset program,
The suction/exhaust fan 5 is stopped to block the intake of odor-containing indoor air, and the heater 4e is activated to heat the adsorption layer 4b. With heating, the adsorbed odor components are desorbed from the adsorption layer and guided to the adjacent catalyst layer 4a. The catalyst layer 4a is heated and activated by the odorous gas thermally desorbed from the adsorption layer 4b, and decomposes the odorous gas.
The decomposed gas is exhausted through the air outlet or intake port. Additionally, cracked gases may be absorbed into water or other absorption means if necessary. Determination of completion of desorption in the adsorption layer 4b is detected by the odor sensor 4c, and the detection signal is sent to the control means 9. When it is determined that the regeneration mode is completed, the regeneration mode is determined by a command from the control means. Switches to deodorizing mode (1). By repeating the above deodorizing mode and regeneration mode,
Long-term deodorization can be performed maintenance-free and efficiently. The series of operations of adsorption, desorption, and decomposition described above can be automated by using a control device equipped with an odor sensor and a microcomputer, as shown in the flow diagram of FIG. [Example 2] Next, a comparative experimental example of the decomposition performance of acetaldehyde, which is an odor component, of an active catalyst impregnated into an alumina catalyst layer will be explained. Alumina honeycomb structure catalyst layer (thickness 20 mm)
x 7 5 mm x 1 50 mm), and 20% by weight of Co,04 and Li
, 0 was impregnated at 5% by weight. In the impregnation method, Coa04, Li, and O were mixed at the above ratio to form a 50% by weight aqueous solution, and this was impregnated into the alumina catalyst layer. This was then dried at 50°C for 2 hours. 3
A catalyst layer was created by firing at 00°C for 2 hours. Incidentally, five types of catalyst layers were prepared by impregnating in the same manner using the active catalysts shown in Table 1.

The honeycomb-shaped catalyst layer has a size of 20mm x 20mm x 2.
It was cut to a size of 0 mm and used as a catalyst sample. As shown in FIG. 4, the above catalyst sample 11 was
It was placed in a reaction tube 12 made of heat-resistant quartz glass and having a diameter of mmφ and a length of 400 mm.

A ribbon heater (not shown) was wrapped around the outer wall of the reaction tube to heat it. Furthermore, a thermocouple 13 was attached to the center of the catalyst sample 11 so as to measure the temperature of the catalyst layer. Next, prepare air containing 150 ppm of acetaldehyde as a simulated gas, pass it into the reaction tube 12, measure the acetaldehyde concentration (Nin) at the inlet of the tube, and the acetaldehyde concentration (Nout) at the outlet, and calculate the following equation [ The reaction rate R was determined using I). In addition, in the above, the suction speed of the simulated gas is 1000 h.
-” (gas supply amount per unit volume of catalyst: gas flow rate (n/
b)/catalyst amount (j2)), and the heating temperature was 40°C. The results are shown in Table 1. Table 1 Co3 04 + Cu○, MnO, is 20% by weight
, 5% by weight of Li20 and 0.1% by weight of PT? Example 3 Using the air cleaner of Example 1 above, a deodorization test was conducted using a simulated gas. As the deodorizing element 4 of the air purifier shown in FIG.
mm x 150 mm) and a catalyst layer (containing the active catalyst No. 1 in Table 1 of Example 2; 20 mm x 75 mm x 15
0mm) and glass cloth (thickness 0.5mmt x 75m)
The structure was such that two sheets (m x 150 mm) were stacked one on top of the other, and a semiconductor sensor made of SnO was sandwiched in the center thereof and placed on the upstream side of the adsorption layer.

Furthermore, the same type of sensor was placed on the downstream side of the adsorption layer to create a deodorizing element with a configuration similar to that shown in Figure 2. These two sets of sensors and the heater attached to the adsorption layer are
Each was connected to a control means equipped with a microcomputer. The above air purifier was operated to inhale air containing 100 ppm of acetaldehyde from the intake grille 2. The discharged air was sampled using a gas sampling bag provided at the discharge port 7, and the concentration of acetaldehyde was analyzed using a gas chromatograph. Furthermore, a gas sampling nozzle was provided upstream of the deodorizing element 4 so that the air upstream of the catalyst layer could also be analyzed during desorption and regeneration of the adsorption layer. At the beginning of operation, almost no acetaldehyde was detected in the air discharged from the discharge port 7. Five hours after the start of operation, about 1 ppm of acetaldehyde was detected, and at the same time, an odor sensor installed downstream of the adsorption layer detected acetaldehyde, and in response to that signal, the control means stopped the suction/exhaust fan 5. Next, the heater installed in the adsorption layer was activated, heating the adsorption layer and starting the regeneration mode. The odor desorbed by the heating of the adsorption layer is heated to about 50° C. and rises due to the chimney effect, and the catalyst layer provided above the adsorption layer is heated to decompose acetaldehyde.

When the acetaldehyde in the air collected at the top of the deodorizing element during thermal decomposition was analyzed, it was found to be approximately 4 PPm, indicating that most of the acetaldehyde had been decomposed. Desorption of acetaldehyde from the adsorption layer is completed in about 60 minutes, and at the same time, the odor sensor installed in a sandwich between the catalyst layer and the adsorption layer cuts off the current to the heater, the fan starts rotating, and the deodorization mode is activated. has been started.

The above process was repeated for about one month, but there were no particular abnormalities in the catalyst layer or adsorption layer, and excellent adsorption and desorption performance was exhibited. In this example, a catalyst layer is provided to decompose the odor adsorbed on the adsorption layer. In those equipped with the above-mentioned catalyst layer, it is not necessary to provide the above-mentioned catalyst layer. Further, depending on the structure of the deodorizing device, the catalyst layer may be provided separately, but from the standpoint of ease of use, a deodorizing element in which both are integrated as in this embodiment is preferable. [Effects of the invention] By providing an adsorption layer regeneration means to the odor component adsorption layer of the deodorizing device, the adsorption layer can be easily regenerated without removing the adsorption layer, resulting in excellent handling. We can provide deodorizing equipment.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional schematic diagram of an air cleaner equipped with the deodorizing element of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a schematic exploded perspective view of the deodorizing element, and Fig. 3 is a flow diagram showing a series of operations for adsorption and desorption of the present invention. , FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a test device according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1... Indoor air, 2... Inlet (intake grill), 3
... Electrostatic filter, 4 ... Deodorizing element, 4a ... Catalyst layer, 4b ... Adsorption layer, 4c, 4c ... Odor sensor, 4e ... Heater, 5 ... Suction and exhaust fan, 6... Wind direction plate, 7... Discharge port, 8... Duct, 11... Catalyst sample, l2... Reaction tube, 13... Thermocouple, 14...
...Inlet side valve, 15...Outlet side valve, 16...
・Quartz sand, 17...Glass filter. Fig. 1 6 Fig. 2 4e Heating heater Fig. 3 Fig. 4

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An inlet that takes in gas containing odor components to be deodorized, an outlet that discharges the gas from which the odor components have been deodorized, and a flow path that connects the inlet and outlet; In the deodorizing device having a deodorizing means for deodorizing the odor components in the gas in the flow path, the deodorizing means has an odor adsorption layer, and when the adsorption layer is regenerated, the odor components adsorbed by the adsorption layer are removed. A deodorizing device characterized by having a heating means for desorption. 2. An inlet for taking in gas containing odor components to be deodorized, an outlet for discharging the gas from which the odor components have been deodorized, a channel connecting the inlet and the outlet; A deodorizing device having a deodorizing means for deodorizing odor components in gas, wherein the deodorizing means has an odor adsorption layer and a catalyst layer for decomposing the odor, and when the adsorption layer is regenerated, the odor adsorbed by the adsorption layer is removed. A deodorizing device characterized by having heating means for desorbing and decomposing components. 3. An inlet for taking in gas containing odor components to be deodorized, an outlet for discharging the gas from which the odor components have been deodorized, a channel connecting the inlet and the outlet; A deodorizing device having a deodorizing means for deodorizing odor components in a gas, wherein the deodorizing means has an odor adsorption layer, and a heating means for desorbing the odor components adsorbed to the adsorption layer during regeneration of the adsorption layer. and an odor sensor that detects the amount of odor components remaining in the gas that has passed through the adsorption layer downstream of the adsorption layer, and a control means that performs regeneration and desorption of the adsorption layer based on the detection result of the odor sensor. A deodorizing device characterized by: 4. An inlet for taking in gas containing odor components to be deodorized, an outlet for discharging the gas from which the odor components have been deodorized, a channel connecting the inlet and the outlet; A deodorizing device having a deodorizing means for deodorizing odor components in gas, wherein the deodorizing means has an odor adsorption layer and a catalyst layer for decomposing the odor, and when the adsorption layer is regenerated, the odor adsorbed by the adsorption layer is removed. It has heating means for desorbing and decomposing the components, and it has an odor sensor downstream of the adsorption layer that detects the amount of odor components remaining in the gas that has passed through the adsorption layer, and the adsorption is performed based on the detection result of the odor sensor. A deodorizing device characterized by having a control means for regenerating and desorbing a layer. 5. An air conditioner having an inlet for taking in indoor air, an outlet for discharging the indoor air, a fan for inhaling and discharging the indoor air, and a regulating means for adjusting the temperature and/or humidity of the indoor air taken in. The deodorizing device includes a deodorizing device that deodorizes odor components in indoor air taken in between the inlet and the outlet, the deodorizing device has an odor adsorption layer, and when the adsorption layer is regenerated, the deodorization device deodorizes the odor components in the indoor air. An air conditioner characterized by being provided with heating means for desorbing adsorbed odor components. 6. In an air purifier having an inlet for taking in indoor air, an outlet for discharging the inhaled indoor air, a fan for inhaling and discharging the indoor air, and a dust removal means for removing dust from the inhaled indoor air. , a deodorizing device that deodorizes odor components in indoor air taken in between the inlet and the outlet; the deodorizing device has an odor adsorption layer; An air purifier characterized by being provided with heating means for desorbing odor components. 7. Intake air containing odor components that should be deodorized indoors,
In the indoor air purification method, the odor component is adsorbed and deodorized by an adsorbent, and the deodorized air is returned indoors, comprising: stopping the intake of air when the deodorizing power of the adsorbent is saturated; Purification of indoor air, comprising the steps of: heating the agent in an air purifying device to desorb the adsorbed odor components; and heating and activating a catalyst with the heated desorbed odor to decompose the odor. Method.