JPH0389398A - Electronic keyboard musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simultaneously execute the designation of a chord and the musical performance of a melody extending over the whole range of a keyboard by detecting the chord within a prescribed range from a specific sound pitch brought to key-on. CONSTITUTION:A control part 10 is connected to each operating part through a bus, key-on of a prescribed sound pitch range is detected from a specific key brought to ON in a keyboard circuit 16 and whether a chord is formed or not is judged. When it is detected that the chord is formed within the prescribed range, key-on within the range is set as a chord designation, and such a melody sound processing as a sound pitch brought to key-on is pronounced as it is, is not executed, and an accompaniment sound such as arpeggio, etc., of the formed chord is sounded. In such a way, the melody musical performance and the chord designation can be executed simultaneously by one stage of keyboard.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Field of Industrial Application This invention relates to an electronic keyboard instrument that automatically adds accompaniment sounds such as arpeggios based on chords specified on the keyboard.

(b) Conventional technology Currently, electronic keyboard instruments that produce musical tones electronically are in widespread use, and even people who have never played a keyboard instrument before can use them. It's supposed to play music. For this reason, electronic keyboard instruments are provided with various special functions so that even those who are not proficient in playing music can easily play music. One of these special functions is an automatic accompaniment function. The automatic accompaniment function is a function that uses the keyboard to produce arpeggios and rhythm patterns using specified chords. Conventionally, when specifying a chord in a general electronic keyboard instrument, one octave on the bass side of the keyboard was assigned as the chord specification range, and the chord was determined from the key press pattern in this range. (C) Problems to be Solved by the Invention As mentioned above, in conventional electronic keyboard instruments with an automatic accompaniment function, a range for specifying chords is defined, so all key presses in this range are treated as chord specification operations, resulting in a narrow range for melody performance. In addition, chords can only be specified in this range, so some chords must be specified in inversions (for example, F "F-U-D"). '' chord must be specified as ``do fa u.'') It had the disadvantage that it was difficult to operate.

In order to solve this problem, as in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-85600, when the key press pattern in the entire range of the keyboard constitutes a chord, it is determined that the chord is specified, and in other cases, the melody cannot be played. An electronic musical instrument (
An automatic accompaniment device (automatic accompaniment device) has also been proposed, but this method has the disadvantage that it is not possible to specify the chord and play the melody at the same time. If these constitute a chord, it will be judged as a chord designation, making it impossible to play the melody.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of these drawbacks, it is an object of the present invention to provide an electronic keyboard instrument that allows chords to be specified in all ranges of the keyboard and at the same time allows for the performance of melodies.

(d) Means for Solving the Problem This invention is realized by a performance keyboard equipped with a plurality of keys for specifying the pitch of musical tones to be sounded, and a key-on of a certain range from a specific key among the turned-on keys. a chord detecting means for detecting a chord that has been established; and an accompaniment that, when a chord is detected by the chord detecting means, sounds an accompaniment tone based on the established chord instead of a musical tone of a pitch specified by the key-on in the certain range. It is characterized by providing an additional means.

(e1 Function of the invention) In the electronic 8M keyboard musical instrument of the present invention, key-on in a predetermined pitch range from a specific key that is turned on is detected to determine whether a chord is formed. The "predetermined range" may be defined as, for example, "one octave above the lowest note among the turned-on keys" or "one octave below from the highest note among the turned-on keys." When establishment of a chord is detected, key-on in this range is designated as a chord, and melody sound processing in which the key-on pitch is directly sounded is not performed, but an accompaniment sound such as an arpeggio of the established chord is sounded. The performance of keyboard instruments by beginners to intermediate players is simple, such as left hand - chord, right hand - melody, left hand - melody, right hand - chord, etc., and chords can be detected effectively with this method.
Melody performance and chord designation can be performed simultaneously on a single stage M board.

(f) Embodiment FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electronic keyboard instrument that is an embodiment of the present invention. This electronic keyboard instrument is controlled by a CPU 10, and this CPULO is connected to each operating section via a bus 11. The bus 11 has a program memory 12.
Register memory 13, pattern memory 14. Tempo clock 15. Keyboard circuit 16. A switch group 17 and a tone generator 18 are connected. The program memory 2 stores programs shown in flowcharts to be described later. Further, a register group shown in FIG. 2 is set in the register memory 13. The pattern memory 14 also stores a chord pattern table shown in FIG. 3, an arpeggio pattern table for generating accompaniment tones, and the like. Program memory 12 and pattern memory 14 are composed of ROM, and register memory 13 is composed of RAM. The tempo clock 15 generates a clock signal of a constant period, and the tempo clock 15 generates a clock signal of a constant period,
Interrupt. Keyboard circuit 16 is 61-88
, and detects the key-on of each key and the initial touch strength at key-on.

The switch group 17 includes a tone color setting switch and a performance mode setting switch, and the performance mode setting switch includes an automatic accompaniment mode switch. Automatic accompaniment mode is when a chord is formed by key-on within a range of one octave above the lowest note of the keys turned on by the performer, or when a chord is formed by turning on a key within a range of one octave above the lowest note of the keys turned on by the performer, or one note below from the highest note of the keys turned on by the performer. In this mode, when a chord is formed by key-on in an octave range, the key-on in this range is treated as a key-on for specifying the chord, and other key-ons are treated as key-on for melody performance. This is a mode that allows you to specify the settings at the same time.

The tone generator 18 has a 16-channel sound source circuit, and each channel can independently generate a musical tone corresponding to a key-on. This tone generator 18 is an amplifier.

It is connected to a sound system including speakers, etc., and the musical tone signal generated by the tone generator 18 is produced as sound by the sound system.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a group of registers set in the register memory 13. The functions of each register are as follows.

RUN: Automatic accompaniment mode flag - flag set when automatic accompaniment mode is set CLK: Tempo clock register Count register that counts one bar with 32 counts from O to 31 CHD: Chord register Chord detected by chord detection operation Register to store the root note and type Ass: Assigned channel register Register to store the channel responsible for sounding the key-on musical note OFF: Mute register Register to store the sound channel to be muted for key-off or chord sound MIN: Lowest note register Register that stores the key code of the lowest note among the keys that are turned on MAX: Highest note register Register that stores the key code of the highest note of the keys that are turned on KON (0-60): Key-on flag - register of the keyboard Key-on flag set for each key SND (0 to 60) Two sounding flags - Flag set for each key on the keyboard to remember that sound is being produced KCBUF (0 to 15): Key code buffer tone generator 18 FIG. 3 shows a chord pattern table set in the pattern memory 14. The chord pattern table in the figure (A) is a table that is referred to when detecting a chord based on the contents of the lowest note register MIN.In this table, chord patterns are stored in semitone numbers from the lowest note (MIN). For example, 0-4-7 indicates a major chord pattern with the MIN note as the root note, and the chord name is O.
It is M. In addition, 5M and 8M indicate inversions of major chords, and the root notes are the 5th note (a perfect 4th above M I N) and the 8th note (a minor 6th above M I N), respectively. )
It is. Similarly, a plurality of patterns for detecting minor chords, 7th chords, etc. are also provided.

When a chord established within one octave above MIN is detected, the type is determined from the alphabet of the chord name of the detected chord, and the root note is determined by adding the number of semitones to the contents of MIN.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2B, a table having the same structure is also provided for detecting chords formed within the range of one octave below the pitch of the highest note register MAX.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the operation of the control section.

FIG. 3A shows the main routine. When the electronic keyboard instrument is powered on, first an initialization routine such as initialization of each register is executed (nl), and the electronic keyboard instrument is put into a playable state. After this, nl, n6
．． The standby routine of n12 is repeatedly executed. nl determines whether there is a key on/off event on the keyboard,
If there is a key on/off event, operations n3 to n5 are executed. In n6, it is determined whether or not there is an on event of the automatic accompaniment mode switch, and if there is, n7 to n
Execute the operation of il.

When a key-on or key-off event of the keyboard is detected at nl, it is determined whether it is a key-on event or a key-off event at n3. In the case of a key-on event, a key-on subroutine (n4: (B), (C) in the same figure) is executed, and in the case of a key-off event, a key-off subroutine (n5: (D) in the same figure) is executed.

Also, when it is determined at n6 that the automatic accompaniment mode switch is turned on, the R'UN flag is inverted (n7), and it is determined whether the RUN flag is set as a result of the inversion (n8).
). If the RUN flag is set, clear the CLK register to start rhythm sounds and automatic accompaniment operation to enable tempo counting (n9), and set -1 to the chord register CHD that stores chords to be automatically accompaniment. (n
lO〉. The storage content of the CHD register "-1" means that no chord is detected. Further, when the RUN flag is reset as a result of the reversal, all key-off processing for automatic accompaniment sounds is executed to stop the automatic accompaniment operation (nil).

On the other hand, at n12, operations such as controlling the timbre and volume of the musical tone being produced are executed.

CB) and (C) in the figure are key-on event subroutines. When a key-on event occurs, the key code of the turned-on key is input to the KC register (n15), and the key-on flag KON (KC) of the turned-on key is set (n16). Next, a search is made to see if there is a channel that is not currently producing sound (an empty channel) (n17). AS the assigned channel if there is a free channel
Set it in the S register (n1B), and execute key-on processing for this key code on the ASS channel of the tone generator 18 (n19). Next, set the contents of KC to KCBUF (ASS) corresponding to this channel.
Set D (KC) (n21). On the other hand, if the key is turned on but there is no free channel, n17 directly n
Proceed to 22 In step 1122, the key code of the lowest tone among the keys Q that is turned on is sent to the MIN register, and this MI
Based on the contents of the N register and the contents of the key-on register KON, a chord pattern table is referenced to detect a chord that has been established (n23). If a chord is formed, n
The process proceeds from step 24 to n25, and if the chord is not established, the process proceeds from n24 to n33 in order to detect the chord starting from the highest note.

At n25, the detected chord type and root note are stored in the CHD register, and then the musical tone of the key turned on to specify the chord is erased (n26 to n32). That is, at n26, i is set to MIN, a key that is turned on and is being sounded is searched for (n27), and the channel that is sounding this tone is turned off (n28 to n30). Step i in sequence (n31), and when L advances by one octave (n32), return.

If the chord is not established within one octave from MIN, a chord that is established within one octave from MAX is detected by the operation n33 or below. In n33, the key code of the highest note among the keys that are turned on is set in the MAX register, and based on the contents of this MAX register and the contents of the key-on register KON, the chord pattern table is referred to and a chord formed is detected (n33). 34). If the chord is established, the process proceeds from n35 to n36, and if the chord is not established, the process returns directly.

At n36, the detected chord type and root note are stored in the CHD register, and then the musical tone of the key turned on to specify the chord is erased (n37 to n43). That is, at n37, i is set to MAX, a key that is turned on and is being sounded is searched for (n38), and the channel that is producing this tone is keyed off (n39 to n41). It sequentially subtracts i (n42>, and if i drops by one octave (n43), returns.

FIG. 3(D) shows the key-off event subroutine. When the key is turned off, the key code of the turned off key is input into the KC register (n50), and the key-on flag corresponding to this key code is reset (n51). Next, it is necessary to judge whether or not the musical tone corresponding to this key is being generated.n52
), if sounding is in progress, KCBUF (0 to 15)
Search and clear the register that stores this KC (n53) - Next, reset the SND (KC) (n54), perform key-off processing on the corresponding channel of the tone generator (n55), and return. On the other hand, if the key code that was turned off is not being sounded, the process directly returns from n52.

(E) in the same figure is a clock interrupt subroutine. This operation is executed by an interrupt signal of the tempo clock 15 at regular intervals. First, at n60, it is determined whether the RUN flag is set. If the RUN flag has been reset, no operation is performed based on the tempo clock, so the process returns directly. If the RUN flag is set, a process for generating rhythm sounds based on the CLK register is executed (n61), and it is determined whether or not -1 is written in the CHD register (n62).

If -1 is set in the CHD register, the chord is undefined, so go directly to n64, and if other contents are stored, go to n63 to sound the chord specified by the contents. move on. At step n63, processing for generating automatic accompaniment sounds such as arpeggio and pattern generation is executed based on the contents of the tempo clock register CLK and the chord register CHD. n64 advances the tempo clock by one step and returns. This step is performed in the range from O to 31, and returns to O after passing 31.

As mentioned above, in this example, 1 from the lowest tone that is turned on.
When a chord is specified within an octave range, or when a chord is specified within an octave range from the highest note that is turned on, only this part is used as a key-on to specify the chord, and the chord is detected. The key-ons in other parts are treated as melody performances and are played as they are. Normally, chords are specified with either the right or left hand, and the melody is played on either the high or low note side of the chord specification, so by determining whether a chord is formed from the lowest or highest note, Chords and melody can be easily separated. Also, in extremely rare cases, when a melody or bass note is played above or below a chord, chords are detected centering on the second or third note from the lowest note in order to accommodate this. Also, in this application, inversions of chords are also stored as patterns, but this is not limited to storing only the basic forms,
If an inversion is detected by the rotation, storage space can be saved.

(Effects of Shu Invention As described above, according to the electronic keyboard instrument of this invention, chords are detected within a certain range from specific pitches such as the lowest and highest notes that are keyed on, so that chords can be played simultaneously. Chords and melodies can be easily separated, and chords can be specified and melodies can be played simultaneously over the entire range of the keyboard.This allows the performer to completely consider the range of the keyboard, etc. Even in that case, accompaniment tones based on the chords are automatically sounded, so it is possible to construct an electronic keyboard instrument that is easy to play and has extremely high musical effects.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a control section of an electronic keyboard instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing registers set in the register memory of the control section, FIG. 3(A),
4B is a diagram showing a code pattern table set in the pattern memory of the control section, and FIGS. 4A to 4E are flowcharts showing the operation of the control section. 14-pattern memory, 16-keyboard circuit.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A performance keyboard equipped with a plurality of keys for specifying the pitch of musical tones to be sounded; a chord detection means for detecting a chord formed by key-on within a certain range from a specific key among the turned-on keys; and an accompaniment addition means that sounds an accompaniment tone based on the established chord instead of the musical tone of the pitch specified by the key-on in the certain range when a chord is detected by the chord detection means. An electronic keyboard instrument.