JPH038863A - Method and device for treating cloth with steam - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To uniformly set a cloth wound layer with steam by discharging air in an oven having the cloth wound layer therein with a vacuum pump, allowing steam to pass through the cloth wound layer to substrate remained air with the steam and subsequently injecting steam into the cloth wound layer from both the inner and outer sides thereof. CONSTITUTION:A cloth wound layer 4 is mounted in a steam oven 1 and the steam oven 1 is closed. Valves 7, 8 and 14 are closed and valves 10, 11, 12 and 13 are opened, followed by actuating a vacuum pump 16 to discharge air in the oven 1. the valves 11 and 13 are subsequently closed and the valve 8 is opened to charge steam into the oven 1 from a steam supply source 9 through a stream pipe 5 and subsequently discharge the steam outside the oven 1 through the cloth wound layer 4 and a small diameter piping D, thereby maintaining the inner portion of the cloth wound layer 4 at a lower temperature than a prescribed temperature and substituting the remaining air with the stream. The valves 10 and 12 are closed and the vacuum pump 16 is stopped. The valves 7 and 8 are subsequently opened to inject the steam into the cloth wound layer 4 from both the inner and outer sides thereof for the treatment of the cloth wound layer 4 at a prescribed temperature for a prescribed time.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a steam treatment method and a steam treatment apparatus in a fabric steam treatment process.

[Conventional technology]

BACKGROUND ART Woolen knitted fabrics, bi-wool-synthetic fiber mixed knitted fabrics are generally subjected to steam treatment in order to improve dimensional stability, texture, and gloss in the finishing process.

This steam treatment is usually carried out using a steam pot (1) as shown in Figure 3.
It is done within. That is, the fabric to be treated is overlapped with a cotton cloth called a wrapping cloth in advance by applying surface pressure outside the steam pot (1), and then rolled into a cylinder (2) having a large number of steam ejection holes (3) to form a wrapped layer ( 4) is formed,
It is loaded into the steam kettle (1). At this time, the cylinder (2
) is connected to a steam supply source (9) and a vacuum pump (16) via predetermined valves, respectively. Furthermore, a steam vibrator (5) having a large number of steam ejection holes (6) is inserted into the steam pot (1).
Its open end (5a) is communicated with a steam supply # (9) and a vacuum pump (16) via respective predetermined valves.

However, the steam supplied from the supply source (9) passes through the valve (
Steam enters the cylinder (2) from the cylinder (2) through its nozzle (3) and flows from the core of the winding N (4) to the outer surface, or passes through the valve (8) to the steam nozzle of the steam pipe (5). (6) into the pot (1) and flows from the outer surface of the wound layer (4) to the core, thereby heating the wound layer (4).

However, in such a method, the temperature distribution within the wound layer (4), that is, between the outer surface portion and the core portion is non-uniform, resulting in non-uniform treatment of the fabric.

Therefore, various developments were carried out with the aim of applying uniform steam treatment to fabrics, and among them,
There is a steam treatment method described in the above publication. This is a heating method using adiabatic compression, which consists of a one-air treatment process, (a) a pre-vacuum process to reduce the air inside the fabric and the steam pot, and (b) a temperature lower than the steam set temperature. It consists of four processes: a steam infiltration process that replaces steam with residual air, (1) a steam supply and cent process that actively circulates steam, and (1) a steam exhaust process.

Since the present invention, which will be described later, is based on the steam treatment method consisting of these four steps, each step will now be described in detail with reference to FIG. 3.

(A): Pre-vacuum step The fabric wrapping layer (4) is loaded into the steam pot (1), and the steam pot (
1), close the valves (7), (8) and (14), open the valves (to), (11) and (13), and drive the vacuum pump (16) to release the steam pot (1). The air inside the steam pot is discharged, and the pressure inside the steam pot is brought to a high vacuum pressure of -600 mm) (g or less). Through this operation, a considerable amount of the air contained in the fabric wrapped layer (4) is removed, and the wrapped layer (4) This facilitates the flow of steam into the interior.

(B): Close the steam infiltration process valve (11), open the valve (8), and supply steam from the Keiki supply 5 (9) to the steam pot (1 ). The introduced steam passes through the fabric-wound layer (4) and enters the cylinder (2) from the nozzle hole (3), and is then moved through the valves (10) and (13) by the operation of the vacuum pump (16). After passing through the steam kettle (1
) is discharged outside. The steam introduced into the steam pot (1) passes through the fabric wrapping layer (4) and heats the fabric through heat exchange, but the temperature becomes lower than the desired processing temperature at the time of setting. Section 111 shows the amount of steam input and/or discharged. In other words, when the pressure inside the steam oven becomes higher than the predetermined upper pressure limit (when the temperature rises too much),
Close the valve (8) to stop the supply of steam, and turn on the vacuum pump (
16) The pressure inside the steam pot is reduced by the discharging operation. Also, if the pressure inside the steam pot is lower than the predetermined lower limit of pressure,
(when the temperature drops too much), the stove is closed to stop the discharge of steam and increase the pressure inside the steam pot.

Then, when this pressure is out of the range between the predetermined pressure lower limit value and pressure upper limit value, the valve (8) or (10) is activated again.
open to let steam in or out. By repeating this operation for a predetermined period of time, the air in the wound layer (4) is completely replaced by steam. The time required for this soot smoothing process is 30 seconds to 180 seconds.

(1): Close the steam supply and set process valve (lO) and (13), and close the vacuum pump (16).
), valves (7) and (8) are opened, and steam is introduced from both the inside and outside of the fabric-wound layer (4). When the temperature inside the steam pot (1) rises to a predetermined temperature, the valves (7) and (8) are closed to stop the steam supply, and the process is continued at this temperature for a predetermined time (generally 1 to 10 minutes). , continued.

(Takumi: Open the steam discharge process valves (1, 0), (11), and (14) to exhaust the steam inside the steam pot (1) and equalize the pressure inside the steam pot (1) with atmospheric pressure. After that, roll the rolled layer (4) into a cylinder (2
) and take it out of the steam pot (1).

The fabric steam treatment method, which consists of the above four steps, requires a high vacuum capacity (reaching 1,600 mmHg or less from atmospheric pressure in about 3 minutes) in the first pre-vacuum step, as mentioned above, and the next step is vapor penetration. The process requires a low vacuum capacity in order to lengthen the steam flow time within the fabric and perform sufficient heat exchange.

Conventionally, D was equipped with two vacuum pumps with different capacities, or a high vacuum pressure for the pre-vacuum process and a low vacuum pressure for the steam infiltration process were set, respectively, and a single vacuum pump was used to perform the valve operation. This was handled by performing ON-OFF control.

[Problem that the invention attempts to solve]

However, installing two vacuum pumps for one processing device as in the former case has problems such as cost and installation space. It was common to do I.

However, when the dimensional stability, alignment, gloss, etc. of the fabrics steam-treated using this method were strictly examined, it was found that completely uniform setting was not always achieved. As a result of intensive studies to find the cause, the present inventors have found that the non-uniformity of the cent is caused by the non-uniformity of the preheating temperature in the steam infiltration step.

This becomes clear in Figure 4D, which shows the temperature change of the fabric wrapped layer during the steam treatment process. In the same figure, 3
The book curves are near the outer surface of the fabric wrapping layer (t-1),
It shows the temperature change in the middle part of the wound layer (t-2) and the core part of the wound layer (t-3).

That is, first, in the pre-vacuum step (A), the pressure inside the steam pot is reduced, and then in the steam permeation step (B), steam is repeatedly introduced into the steam pot and discharged to the outside of the steam pot.
The temperature inside the rolled layer is increased.

Therefore, when we examine in detail the warm rise in each part of the fabric-wrapped layer in this process, we find that near the outer surface of the fabric-wound layer (t-1)
The temperature first rises rapidly and reaches the predetermined preheating temperature in a short time, but the temperature at the middle part of the winding layer (t-2), the core part of the winding layer (t-2), and the core part of the winding layer (t
-3) A temperature difference occurs because the temperature rise rate is different from that of
It has been found that this temperature difference is the cause of non-uniform centrifugation during the setting process.

In addition, in order to keep the temperature difference between each part of the fabric-wound layer during the steam infiltration process within a range that does not cause unevenness of centrifugation, there is a solution of increasing the time of the steam infiltration process, but the time required for the steam treatment process is Long D, productivity will inevitably decline.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a fabric steam treatment process that can efficiently and uniformly steam-treat a fabric with a desired steam penetration time using one vacuum pump in a fabric steam treatment process. The purpose of this invention is to provide a processing method and a device used therefor.

[Means to solve the problem]

The above object is achieved in the method of the present invention, that is, in the method of loading a fabric wrapped layer into a closed steam pot and subjecting it to steam treatment, A process of discharging the air in the steam pot and increasing the pressure in the steam pot to a high vacuum pressure; (2) passing the steam through the fabric-wrapped layer, and transferring this circulating steam between the steam pot and the vacuum pump; The above step [1]
By discharging the air through an air exhaust pipe with a diameter smaller than that of the air exhaust pipe in the process, the temperature inside the fabric wound layer is maintained at a temperature lower than the desired processing temperature, and steam and residual air are replaced. (1) introducing stem air from both sides of the outer surface and core of the fabric wrapping layer and setting it at the desired treatment temperature for a predetermined period of time. achieved by the method.

The above method includes a steam pot for steam-treating the loaded fabric wrap layer, two pipes A and B connected to the steam pot for supplying steam and discharging air, and a steam supply source. and two steam supply pipes A1 and B1 which are branched from the two pipes A and B and connected to the brown air supply source, and valves provided on the respective pipes AlB1, and the two pipes Two air exhaust piping A branched from AB and connected to an air exhaust section or a vacuum pump for air and steam exhaust.
2. B2 and each piping A2. The valve installed in B2 and these two pipes A2. Air exhaust piping C branched from B2 and connected to the air exhaust part, and a valve provided on this piping C, and the same two piping A2. Two air exhaust pipes D and E are branched from B2 and connected to a vacuum pump for air and steam exhaust, and valves are provided on the respective pipes D and E, and the two pipes D and E are provided. In the pipes D and E, the diameter of one of the pipes is made smaller than the other.

[Effect]

According to the method of the present invention having the above-described structure, a rolled layered fabric filled in a sealed steam pot can be efficiently soaked with trace air for a desired time using one vacuum pump. Uniform steam treatment can be performed. That is, in the vapor permeation process, by discharging the vapor through a pipe with a smaller diameter than in the pre-vacuum process, it is possible to sufficiently circulate the vapor within the fabric-wrapped layer, and even on the outer surface of the fabric. This makes it possible to perform uniform steam treatment even on the core.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the device of the present invention, and shows (1) to (1)
1), (13) to (16) are similar to the apparatus for carrying out the conventional method explained based on FIG. Therefore, detailed explanation of these parts will be omitted.

However, the feature of the device of the present invention is its piping system, especially:
Parallel to the pipe E installed between the steam pot (1) and the vacuum pump (16), a pipe with a diameter smaller than that of the pipe E and a valve (12) in this pipe are provided. Hereinafter, the piping will be referred to as small-diameter piping D, and the piping E will be referred to as large-diameter piping E.

The diameter ratio of this small diameter piping and large diameter piping E is:
This determines the flow rate ratio of fluids in both pipes D and E.

Therefore, in order to find the relationship between the diameter ratio and the flow rate ratio, based on Bernoulli's theorem and continuity equation in fluid mechanics, the head loss per unit length is the pipe loss (pipe friction loss + tM loss in the valve). The pipe FJ friction coefficient was calculated using Blasius's experimental formula, and the displacement coefficient (in the valve) was assumed to be constant regardless of the diameter, and the following formula was established for calculation.

<Bernoulli's theorem> Small diameter side: V+in"/2g+P1in/T +
Z1in=V out”/2g + P+out/r
+ Z + out + hl ■Large diameter side: Vain”
/2g + Pzin/ T + Zzin = V,
out2/2g + Pgout/r + Z2ou
t + h2■ Continuous 2> Small diameter side: V, in^, in = V, outA+ou
L■Large diameter side: VtinAgin-ν2outAzo
ut■ However, V: flow velocity P: pressure Z: position I head d: diameter A: cross-sectional area h: to loss, deg: gravitational acceleration γ: specific weight subscript is ln: inlet side out: outlet side 1: small Diameter side 2: represents the large diameter side.

First, since the diameters of the inlet and outlet sides are the same, on the second side, Al1n = About, V, 1n =
V1ouL = V■2, L in = Lout
From t++=P+in/ γP+out/ T ■At the second Lin = J-7in/ from Zzout
rPzout/ γ Since the pressure difference between the inlet side and the outlet side of each pipe is equal, hI=hz can be derived. tX lost head is h −
It is expressed as (λml/d + 0*V”/2g (λ: pipe friction lapse coefficient ζ; valve loss coefficient 1: pipe length),
Since h+=hz, the following equation holds true.

(λ + book/d+ + c+)*v+”/2g
−(λ t”lt/d@ +ζ 2) Book Vg”/2
g ■ Using this formula 0, we calculated the relationship between D, vl, and v2. The results are shown in the table.

In the table above, the relationship between the diameter ratio and the flow rate ratio becomes clear. Normally, the diameter of the piping to the vacuum pump is the same as the suction diameter of the vacuum pump, and the flow rate is not reduced by throttling the piping with a small diameter.However, in the present invention, on the contrary, the suction diameter of the vacuum pump is determined based on the table obtained. By making the pipe diameter smaller than D, the amount of suction is reduced.

In order to achieve the effect of the present invention, that is, to differentiate the vacuum capacity between the pre-vacuum process and the steam infiltration process, the small diameter is set to 2172 inches or less compared to the large diameter of 3 inches, but if this is made extremely small, , the flow rate ratio is 100:1.2 at 172 inches compared to 3 inches, resulting in a blocked state, so it is set to 1/2 inch or more.

FIG. 2 shows the outer surface ma (t-1) of the fabric wound layer, the middle part (t-2) of the first wound layer, and the core part (t-2) of the wound layer when the fabric was steam-treated using the apparatus of this example. t-3>.A detailed study of the temperature rise in each part of the fabric-wrapped layer in the vapor infiltration process (a) reveals that the temperature near the outer surface of the fabric-wound layer (t-1) first rapidly increases. At this time, the rate of temperature increase is different between the middle part of the wound layer (t-2) and the core part of the wound layer (t-3), but because the brown air discharge rate is slow, the time for the fabric to pass through the wound layer is long, and the temperature rises. The exchange is carried out sufficiently, and the difference in temperature rise between each part of the fabric is reduced. Also, vapor penetration becomes possible in a short time.

In this way, the steam treatment is completed through each part of the fabric during the steam infiltration step (a).

〔Concrete example〕

In the apparatus of this example described above, a 2-inch pipe was used as the small-diameter pipe, and a 3-inch pipe (diameter on the suction side of the vacuum pump) was used as the large-diameter pipe. The flow rate ratio at this time is approximately 4:1
It is 0.

Using this device, you can create pure wool fabrics and fabrics! The treatment of the 1lIi mixed wool fabric was carried out as follows.

(A): Pre-vacuum step The fabric wrapping layer (4) is loaded into the steam pot (1) and the steam pot (
1) and close (7), (8) and (14) to open valves (10), (11) and (13), or valves (10), (11), (13) and (12). is opened, the vacuum pump (16) is driven to exhaust the air inside the steam pot (1), and the internal pressure of the steam pot is brought to a high vacuum pressure of 600 mmHg or less. This pressure can be set as appropriate depending on the type of fabric to be treated, etc., but it is preferable to set it to -700 mmHg or less, as D, the steam can flow smoothly into the wound layer over a period of time.

(b): Steam infiltration process Close the valves (11) and (13), open the valve (8), and supply steam from the steam supply source (9) to the steam pot through the jet hole (6) of the steam pipe (5). (1) Send within. This introduced steam passes through the fabric-wrapped layer (4), enters the cylinder (2) from the nozzle hole (3), and is driven by the valve (10) and small-diameter cylinder (D) through the operation of the vacuum pump (16). It is discharged to the outside of the steam pot (1) through a valve (12) provided in the piping. At this time, the steam introduced into the steam pot (1) passes through the fabric wrapping layer (4) and heats the fabric while flowing, but the temperature is lower than the processing temperature at the desired setting ( The amount of steam fed and/or the amount of steam discharged is adjusted by opening valve (8) or (12).
2) reduces the discharge speed when steam is discharged when the pressure inside the pot exceeds a predetermined pressure upper limit value. This eliminates the shortage of time for the air to flow through the fabric-wound layer (4).

(1)::i Close the air supply and cent process valves (10) and (12) and vacuum pump (16).
), valves (7) and (8) are opened, and steam is introduced from both the inside and outside of the fabric-wound layer (4).

When the temperature inside the steam pot (1) rises to a predetermined temperature, valves (7) and (8) are closed to stop the supply of tea air, and the temperature is maintained at this temperature for a predetermined period of time (generally 1 to 10 minutes). Continue processing.

(I): Open the steam discharge process valves (10), (11) and (14) and the steam pot (
1) After discharging the steam inside the steam pot (1) and making the pressure inside the steam pot (1) equal to atmospheric pressure, the wound layer (4) is taken out of the steam pot (1) together with the cylinder (2).

When the above-mentioned treatment is carried out, as described above based on FIG. The problem of inconsistency in centility due to the difference is resolved.As a result, both the pure wool fabric and synthetic fiber blend fabric subjected to this treatment have excellent dimensional stability and texture, and have a beautiful luster. It became 61 iE.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As stated above, according to the method of the present invention, in the fabric steam treatment process, it is possible to uniformly set the steam at a desired steam penetration time using only one vacuum pump.

Furthermore, the apparatus of the present invention does not require any particularly complicated mechanism compared to the apparatus used in the conventional method1, and the equipment cost is low, making it possible to reliably realize the steam treatment method of the present invention. .

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing one embodiment of the device of the present invention, and FIG.
The figure shows the temperature changes in each part of the fabric-wound layer in the method of the present invention, Fig. 3 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing an example of an apparatus for carrying out the conventional steam treatment method, and Fig. 4 shows the temperature changes in each part of the fabric-wound layer in the conventional method. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing temperature changes. (1)...Steam pot (2)...Cylinder (4)...Fabric wrapping layer (5)...Steam pipe (12)...Valve in small diameter piping (16)
···Vacuum pump

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) In a method of loading a fabric wrapped layer into a closed steam pot and subjecting it to steam treatment, [1] Air in the steam pot is passed through an air exhaust pipe between the steam pot and a vacuum pump to drain the air inside the steam pot. [2] The steam is passed through the fabric-wound layer, and the circulated steam is transferred between the steam pot and the vacuum pump in the step [2].
By discharging the air through an air discharge pipe having a diameter smaller than that of the air discharge pipe in step 1], the temperature within the fabric-wrapped layer is maintained at a temperature lower than the desired processing temperature, and steam and residual air are removed. and [3] introducing steam from both sides of the outer surface and core of the fabric-wound layer and setting it at the desired treatment temperature for a predetermined time. steam treatment method. (2) A steam pot (1) that applies steam treatment to the loaded fabric wrap layer (4), and two pipes A and B that are connected to this steam pot (1) and supply steam and discharge air. , a steam supply source (9), and two steam supply pipes A1 branched from the two pipes A and B, respectively, and connected to the steam supply source (9).
, B1 and the valves (7
), (8), and two air exhaust pipes A2 branched from the two pipes A and B, respectively, and connected to an air exhaust part (15) or a vacuum pump (16) for air and steam exhaust; B2
and a valve (10) provided in each pipe A2, B2
, (11), and air exhaust pipes C branched from these two pipes A2 and B2 and connected to the air exhaust part (15).
A valve (14) provided on this pipe C, and two air exhaust pipes D branched from the two pipes A2 and B2 and connected to a vacuum pump (16) for air and steam exhaust. , E and valves (12) and (13) provided in the respective pipes D and E, and in the two pipes D and E, the diameter of one of the pipes is smaller than the other. A fabric steam treatment device characterized by: