JPH0378338B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION A. Field of Industrial Application The present invention is directed to a conveyance system in which bulk materials such as earth, sand, powder, etc. This invention relates to a device for overturning hanging containers for discharging conveyed items from containers.

B. Prior Art Since a container overturning device is generally combined with a conveying device, it will be explained together with the conveying equipment.

Equipment that transports objects to the top can be roughly divided into continuous transport equipment, such as a bucket elevator, which continuously transports and discharges objects, and intermittent transport equipment, which loads objects into containers and lifts the containers. There is. Since the present invention relates to intermittent conveying equipment, it will be described in more detail below. This type of lightweight transport equipment involves hoisting containers from a winch to a rope via a sheave attached to a turret, and raising and lowering the containers.A worker on standby at the top carries the hoisted containers horizontally. A method of pulling and overturning it manually has been used for a long time in well digging and construction work. Commonly used methods include transportation equipment in which containers are suspended from crane hooks such as overhead cranes, bridge cranes, derricks, and mobile cranes. In such transportation equipment using a crane, in order to discharge the transported items from the container, the container is hoisted to a predetermined height, and then hung on a fixed stand that has been installed in advance. There is a hanging and overturning method in which the container is turned over by supporting an eccentric rod on a fixed stand. Next, there is a method of tilting the container by lifting and lowering the end of the container using a winch mounted on a hanging tool. Furthermore, there is a device similar to these, in which a crane suspends another rope in addition to the rope for hanging the container, and this rope is manually hooked to the bottom of the container to tilt the container. In addition, there is a method in which a dedicated overturning device is installed at a predetermined position, and the hanging container is lowered from the overturning device and the overturning device is operated. In an automated system, a fixed stand using the above-mentioned lifting and rolling method is suspended from the crane's club, the container is hoisted across the crane, the container is suspended at the discharge position, and a container protruding rod is pulled from the fixed stand. There is a method of rolling over. The conveyance equipment described above is
In both cases, the container was moved horizontally, and then the work began to overturn it.

Next, a description will be given of a conveyance facility that lifts a container and immediately falls over. This method has a structure in which the lower part of the container is lifted up, so a guide rail is installed vertically in the lifting area to prevent the container from tipping over midway through, and simple lifts and construction lifts fall under this method. The shape of the guide rail is one piece,
A two-piece, pipe-like structure is used. When installing the guide rail, it must be fixed using supporting materials between it and the wall.

C. Problems to be Solved by the Invention It was said that intermittent conveyance equipment is generally less efficient than continuous conveyance equipment, and that there are difficulties in automating it.

The conveying capacity of this type of device is determined by the length of the cycle time. One way to shorten cycle time is to shorten the time it takes to load objects into containers. Since this depends on the working conditions and the selection of the loading machine, it is excluded from the problem here as an external requirement. In order to shorten the cycle time required for the conveyance device itself, there is a reduction in the time taken to raise and lower the container, and this can be done by increasing the winding and lowering speeds of the winch. However, higher speeds lead to increased equipment costs for winches and control equipment.
Also, an appropriate speed is required from a safety standpoint. A significant challenge remaining in reducing cycle time is reducing container overturning time. How to overturn containers efficiently and reliably will shorten cycle time and increase conveyance capacity.

Looking at the container overturning process using transport equipment using a crane, the container loaded with items to be transported is lifted up, moved horizontally to the discharge position, then lowered to overturn it, and after discharged is lifted up and leveled again. Since the process of moving the machine and lowering it to the loading area is repeated, it is natural that these operations require time, which is a major factor in increasing the cycle time.

Next is the issue of driving automation. Transportation equipment using a crane requires a dedicated driver to operate it, and looking at the operating state of the equipment, the crane is on standby when loading the transported items into a container without requiring any crane operation. Even during lifting and hanging of containers, the only operations required are starting and stopping, so automation is fully possible. The problem is that in order to overturn the container, it is necessary to move the container horizontally, and to position it on related equipment, which requires complicated operations such as hanging and hoisting, so a driver is absolutely required.
If container overturning could be easily automated, only a hoisting device would be needed instead of a crane, eliminating the need for expensive cranes and drivers.

Finally, I will discuss the issue of equipment costs. As mentioned above, reducing the container overturning time will shorten the cycle time and increase the conveying capacity, making it possible to downsize the equipment and reduce costs. Furthermore, by automating container overturning, expensive cranes can be eliminated and the cost of the entire transport equipment can be reduced. Next, as for lifts, container overturning is already automated and no dedicated driver is required, but in order to automatically overturn containers, guide rails must be installed in the entire area of container movement, resulting in a high lift. As the cost of guide rail increases, the cost of the entire equipment increases. Additionally, changes in lift height have led to problems such as the expense of assembling and disassembling guide rails and the suspension of transportation work during this time. Since the guide roller attached to the container and the container itself move up and down in contact with the guide rail, it is difficult to increase the speed and the noise during operation is high.

D. Object of the Invention An object of the present invention is to shorten the time required for overturning a container to discharge objects in a suspended container, thereby increasing the transportation ability.

Another object of the present invention is to eliminate the need for a dedicated driver and reduce operating costs by automating the overturning of containers.

Still another object of the present invention is that by using the overturning device of the present invention, only a hoisting function is required without providing the crane function required for conventional conveying equipment, so that the overall cost of the conveying device is reduced. The aim is to reduce

A further important object of the invention is to eliminate guide rails that span the entire range of vertical movement of the container.

E. Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, the overturning device according to the present invention employs the following solving means.

The lifted container was made to immediately start tipping over.

The lifting winch stops operating during tipping work to simplify operation.

Since the container was toppled by the rolling of the disc, it was designed to gradually fall while leaving the lifting position.

The structure of the disc is a chain wheel, gears, or pins, and the rail is connected with chains, racks, or holes, so there is no slippage during rolling, making it reliable and easy to automate.

The moving means for rolling the disk was a cylinder.

As the container overturns, the tension of the hanging rope is relaxed by moving the lifting sheave or changing the distance between it and a separately provided moving sheave. I made it.

F. Embodiments Examples of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a side view of the overturning device, in which a container 1 for loading goods is in a state before being overturned. FIG. 2 is also a side view, showing the container 1 in an overturned state. FIG. 3 is a partially omitted plan view of this device. In FIG. 3, the lifted container 1 enters between the disks 2, 2 and is stopped. The discs 2, 2 are connected and fixed by the connecting frame 3 without any problem in lifting the container 1. A holding frame 4 for holding the container 1 is fixed integrally with the connecting frame 3 at the center thereof. Cantilever shafts 5, 5 are provided protruding from the rotation centers of the discs 2, 2, and are supported by bearings 6, 6. The bearings 6, 6 are connected to both ends of the support frame 7. Figure 4 shows container 1
This is a side view showing the holding state of the holding frame 4, in which holding mechanisms are provided above and below the holding frame 4.

First, a holding pin 8 that enters into the inside of the lifted container 1 and holds the edge thereof is attached to the upper part in a slidable manner and has a buffering effect (not shown) by a spring. When operating the device,
The lifting of the container 1 may be stopped when the tip of the holding pin 8 enters the container 1. Next, a holding lever 9 is provided below the holding frame 4 to push up the bottom of the stopped container 1 and clamp the container 1 together with the holding pin 8, and is connected to a holding cylinder 10 whose one end is suspended from the holding frame 4. It works. Returning again to FIGS. 1 and 2, the disks 2, 2 shown with imaginary lines to make the drawings easier to understand are the rails 11, 1.
The rails 11, 11 rest on the rails 11 freely and roll freely, and the outer periphery (not shown) has a chain wheel, gear, or guide pin implanted in the shape to prevent slipping during rolling, and the shape of the rails 11, 11 accordingly (not shown) also has a chain, rack, or continuous hole shape. Therefore, the rolling of the disks 2, 2 can be carried out accurately without any deviation from the left or right. Perpendicularly below the bearings 6, 6, there is a guide frame 1 which is integrally connected with the bearings and supports the rails 11, 11 by attaching floating prevention rollers 12, 12 to a lowered frame.
It is inserted into 3.13. This prevents the discs 2, 2 from coming off the track. A retractable cylinder 14 for moving the disks 2, 2 is fixed to the support frame 7 on a main body frame (not shown). The expansion and contraction of the retraction cylinder 14 allows the disks 2, 2 to move while rolling. Therefore, the container 1 held together with the disks 2, 2, the connecting frame 3 integral with the holding frame 4, and the holding frame 4 can be overturned while increasing the angle. The container 1 is attached to a rope 16 via a hanger 15.
The second
As shown in the figure, as the container 1 falls, the rope 16
Since the lifting sheave 17 is fed out by moving the hanging sheave 17, the bearing part of the hanging sheave 17 is formed to be movable within the mounting frame. The source of movement of the hanging sheave 17 is the expansion and contraction of the sheave cylinder 19 connected thereto, which may be interlocked with the retraction cylinder 14 described above. The discharge of conveyed objects due to the overturning of the container 1 is carried out by guide frames 13 and 1.
3 is discharged into a hopper 20 provided inside.

An example of implementation has been described above, and an application example will be further described. FIG. 5 is a plan view showing an example of a round container 1, in which levers 22, 22 each having a shoe 21 made of rubber or the like attached to the side surface of the container 1 are held by an extension of a holding cylinder 23. When the holding cylinder 23 is shortened, the shoes 21, 21
The interval between the container 1 and the container 1 is opened to enable the container 1 to be lifted up and entered. In order to cope with the use of a rectangular container 24, FIG. 6 shows that two holding frames 4, 4 are fixed to the connecting frame 3 to more securely hold the container 24. 7th
The figure is a side view showing the entire conveyance equipment according to the present invention, in which the rope 16 is fed out by attaching a hanging sheave 17 to a sheave frame 25 that is integrated with a support frame 7. FIG. 8 shows a type of conveyance equipment equipped with an overturning device according to the present invention placed on an existing hopper, in which the hanging sheave 17 is made into a block body 26 in order to use a plurality of ropes 16 or more. It is. In contrast to the above embodiments, there are various implementation methods, such as setting the holding frame 4 on the opposite side, providing an inclination angle to the rails 11, 11, and using rotational force instead of the cylinder and using a winch. Of course this is true.

G. Effects of the Invention Since the overturning device of the present invention is configured as described in detail, it has the following effects.

Conveying devices that lift containers using a crane or the like require complicated operations such as horizontal movement, lifting, and hanging in order to overturn the containers, resulting in long cycle times. According to this invention, the cycle time can be significantly shortened because the container can be overturned immediately after lifting is completed.

Furthermore, the crane type requires a crane driver, and even the crane driver cannot be automated. In this invention, a person loading materials into a container only needs to press the start button, which eliminates the need for a dedicated driver and saves operating labor costs.

Similarly, if the crane type is equipped with a winch for overturning the container on the container hoist, its own weight will be added, and it will be necessary to increase the capacity of the lifting equipment or reduce the amount of cargo to be transported. be done. According to this invention, since there is no need to attach anything necessary for overturning the container, the container only needs to have a structure that allows it to be transported, so that the lifting capacity of the transport equipment can be utilized with high efficiency.

Conventional transport equipment moves the container itself vertically when it falls over, so the height of the machine must be increased accordingly. In this invention, since the container is only moved in the horizontal direction when it is overturned, the height of the conveying device itself can be reduced, and it can be used even in underground construction or in factories where the ceiling height is low.

Lifts require guide rails throughout the lifting height to overturn containers, but the container overturning device of this invention does not require any guide rails at all, and the lifting height can be changed by simply extending the hanging rope. There is no increase in equipment prices.

Similarly, the lifting height of the lift also required the installation of additional guide rails, and transport work had to be stopped during this work.

Lifts that require guide rails generate impact noise from the guide rollers and guide rails when containers are lifted or lowered or tipped over, causing noise pollution.
According to this invention, since there is no guide rail, there is less operating noise.

The overturning device of the present invention has simplified operation and is therefore easily automated by conventional mechanical control techniques.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIGS. 1 and 2 are side views for explaining the outline of the present apparatus, with FIG. 1 showing the container in a state before it is overturned, and FIG. 2 showing the container in an overturned state. Fig. 3 is a partially omitted plan view, Fig. 4 is a side view with a partial cross section showing how the container is held, Fig. 5 is a plan view showing an example of holding a round container, and Fig. 6 is a rectangular one. 7 and 8 are plan views showing an example of container holding, and FIGS.
The figure is a side view of a conveying device in which a hanging sheep is integrated with a support frame, and FIG. 8 is a side view of the conveying device placed on an existing hopper. 1... Container, 2, 2... Disc, 3... Connecting frame,
4... Holding frame, 7... Support frame, 8... Holding pin,
9... Holding lever, 10... Holding cylinder, 1
1,11...Rail, 12,12...Floating prevention roller, 13,13...Rail frame, 14...
Retraction cylinder, 17... Hanging sheave, 19...
Sheave cylinder, 25...sheave frame.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Rails with non-slip placed at intervals on the left and right, and discs on the left and right sides with non-slip bumps that can be rolled on the rails are connected together by a connecting frame, and the connecting frame allows containers to enter between the discs. a support frame that supports a cantilever shaft protruding from the center outside of each disc, and a retractable cylinder that is attached to the support frame so as to be movable in the direction of the rail; This winch-to-sheave is characterized by interlocking a sheave cylinder attached to a movable hanging sheave at the upper center of the disc, and using the movement of the hanging sheave or support frame to loosen or tension the rope. A device for overturning suspended containers in transport equipment that suspends containers from ropes.