JPH0377176A - Finger print checking method and apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To attain collation with a low cost and a little sensitive deviation by using an optical Fourier converting means which produces optical information obtained by Fourier-converting optical information beams modulated by data obtained from fingerprints or fingerprint records on a conversion face. CONSTITUTION: This device is provided with an inputting means 10 which generates optical information beams modulated by data obtained from fingerprints or fingerprint records to an optical information beam path, an optical Fourier converting means 25 placed on the optical information beam path which produces the Fourier-converted optical information beams on the conversion face, a supporting means 29 which supports reference data records on the conversion face, and a collated result display means 25. Thus, exact collation is operated by a parallel processing method in a real time, and the collation per one time is operated within almost one second.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a fingerprint verification method and device for performing fingerprint verification. In particular, a reflection hologram of fingerprint data
The invention also relates to a method and apparatus for optically filtering input fingerprint data using a hologram to form a correlation signal.

Today, using credit cards and bank cards,
You can purchase products and services, use cash service machines (Auto
omatic Teller machines (AT
It has become commonplace to withdraw cash from M)). There are currently more than 900 million credit and debit cards made of magnetic plastic strips in use in North America, but there is no reliable way to verify that the person using the card is a legitimate user. Doesn't exist. Personal identification number (P
IN) and the signature that the user writes on the invoice are not reliable proof, nor can they be used for reliable verification.

Signatures can be forged and PINs can be obtained through fraudulent means.

In 1986, the US credit card industry conducted approximately $350 billion in credit transactions, of which losses due to fraud amounted to approximately $750 million. It is also well known that the state police in each state have been working tirelessly to put an end to the &I1m scheme that has involved thousands of credit card users across states and even continents. Probably somewhere. This situation means that the credit cards currently in use are not only unsafe, but can also become targets for large-scale criminal activities that are difficult to prevent.

Along with an ID card that incorporates a photo of the legal user,
Using a credit card is one solution to this problem, and this method may be used in conjunction with a passport, but even this method does not guarantee a reliable verification. This is because the reliability of such methods relies on the human element of the coroner's service. for example,
The method of visually verifying an individual's identity using an ID card photo can be hampered by stress and fatigue on the part of the coroner, as well as interference from the outside, or can simply be used to confirm the identity. .

This is because certainty is also compromised when the number of people involved is large. Additionally, a person's appearance can be changed to resemble the photo on their ID card, and
This is because an ID card can also be pressed using a photograph of an unauthorized user.

Until now, signatures, PINs, and photographs have been used, albeit imperfectly, to verify the identity of card users. It is also estimated that businesses located in North America will suffer losses of more than $1 billion in the next fiscal year due to card fraud.

As damage caused by fraudulent card use increases, research has been conducted into using fingerprints as a verification method. This is because fingerprints are different for each individual.
This is because it serves as a reliable means of identification.

As a verification method using fingerprints, an optical processing method using a holographically matched filter is the main and most advanced method. This optical method differs fundamentally from digital methods in that the reference information is processed not in the plane of the image, but in the plane of the Fourier transform normally formed by a lens. In this method, a "living" fingerprint is Fourier-transformed, and the Fourier-transformed fingerprint is superimposed on a Fourier-transformed reference fingerprint to perform verification. This method compares two sets of fingerprint patterns and, if they match, outputs the result as a focused beam of light.

This method is a real-time parallel processing method, −
Each verification can be performed within approximately one second (the time from when the fingerprint is read and placed on the lens until a match or mismatch result is obtained).

If an optical processing method is used, it is theoretically possible to perform even more accurate matching. Fingerprint patterns form due to wear and tear caused by cuts, abrasions, and contaminants.
Become crumpled or damaged.

Fingerprint wear provides "noise" to the comparator and, if not properly compensated for, can lead to false matches or false mismatches. Compensating for “fingerprint noise” using real-time digital methods not only requires a complicated process;
Incurs huge expense. This is because serial processing (serial
This is because an algorithm that utilizes processing must be used. However, in frequency conversion, the comparison method is accompanied by the removal of "fingerprint noise".

Since the comparison is performed using a holographically matched filter, all spatial frequencies that are outside the band of the reference fingerprint are removed by the matched filter. And this is the main part of the "noise" frequency range. Furthermore, with a suitable high-pass spatial filter, undesired low frequencies and DC bias can be removed to improve correlation accuracy.
can be improved. In this way, when the optical processing method is used, the degree of matching increases both when the comparison results match and when they do not match.

Several proposals have already been made regarding fingerprint matching methods using Fourier transform holograms and optical correlation methods, but there are still limited expectations regarding their practical use, partly due to problems involved in manufacturing the equipment for implementation. It hasn't produced as much results as it did. Fingerprint identification devices that have been developed so far are complicated,
Not only was it expensive, but it also lacked reliability, which hindered the commercialization of floor desks.

Several points for improvement have already been pointed out regarding the above method. Among them, in actual usage conditions,
The problem is that there is a high probability of errors in the verification results. For example, if there is a rotational shift or a change in size between the image and the hologram, the matching results will not match. Such errors in verification results can occur even if the finger placed on the verification device rotates slightly, or if there is an optical mismatch between the hologram recording device and the card user's identification device. Even if it exists, it will survive. A change in size also occurs between the image and the hologram when the user's fingerprint becomes larger due to swollen fingers or obesity. Even if the "living" fingerprint pattern and the reference fingerprint pattern are rotated by only 3.5 degrees, or even if their size changes by 2%, the signal-to-noise ratio of the matching device decreases to 11,500.

Furthermore, conventional devices use a coherent light source (coherent light a) both in the fingerprint data recording process and in the verification process, which not only increases the manufacturing cost of the device but also complicates the device configuration. I was doing it.

Another problem is sensitivity (sensiLjvity).
). Optical devices must have positional stability in order to maintain a high signal-to-noise ratio, so even if one optical member moves from its designated position due to minute vibrations, the sensitivity will be distorted. This may cause serious malfunction.

Problems other than the above include correlation signals (correla
tion signal). This troublesome issue was already discussed in December 1973.
U.S. patent 3 granted to Thomas on February 2, 2013
No. 781113, and also dated December 5, 1972, T.
U.S. Patent No. 37049 granted to Homas et al.
It is mentioned by No. 49. In both of these patents, a motorized mesh is used to chop the light and distinguish between focused (correlated) and unfocused (uncorrelated) light.

By the way, it has been found that one or more of the problems associated with the prior art as described above can be effectively overcome by a fingerprint verification device configured as follows. The apparatus comprises: an incoherent light source for directing an illumination beam along a beam path; receiving at least one fingerprint or fingerprint record of an individual placed in said beam path; input means comprising means for emitting along an optical information beam path a beam of optical information modulated by data obtained from the fingerprint recording; optical Fourier transformation means; support means for supporting on said transformation surface a reference data record consisting of a prerecorded reflection hologram of at least one reference fingerprint, said reflection hologram reflecting and filtering a Fourier transformed optical information beam; when the pre-recorded reflection hologram is irradiated with the Fourier-transformed optical information beam; This apparatus includes a verification result display means that operates according to the intensity distribution of the light reflected from the reflection hologram.

Foul holograms allow the use of incoherent white light sources.

White light sources are cheaper and less sensitive than coherent light sources such as lasers.

Preferably, the device of the present invention is configured such that the verification process is started when the user inserts two adjacent fingers into a finger position indicating device comprising a movable guide. The finger position indicating device is arranged so that the authorized user's fingerprint is placed directly and without rotation on the reading prism. Further, this finger position indicating device constitutes another verification means. This is because if an unauthorized user inserts a finger into this finger position indicating device, the finger position and width will be different, and the finger will not be placed in the correct position.

The hologram may also be frequency multiplexed to minimize errors due to size variations.

The invention also provides: a) directing a beam of incoherent light onto the input means on which at least one fingerprint is placed to generate a fingerprint data beam; and b) illuminating the fingerprint data beam into an optical Fourier transform means. C) filtering the Fourier transform of the fingerprint data beam by a pre-recorded reflection hologram of the Fourier transform of at least one reference fingerprint so that the Fourier transform of the fingerprint beam and the pre-recorded reflection are filtered; generating reflected light having an intensity distribution representing the degree of correlation with the hologram; The present invention provides an optical fingerprint matching method consisting of steps that indicate match or mismatch.

Further, the present invention provides a reference data recording device for use with a fingerprint identification device, comprising: a coherent light source for emitting an irradiation beam along a beam path; a coherent light source for emitting a reference beam along a reference beam path; receiving at least one fingerprint or fingerprint record of an individual placed therein and generating an optical information beam modulated by data obtained from said at least one fingerprint or fingerprint record along an optical information beam path; and an optical Fourier exchange means placed in the optical information beam path and producing Fourier transformed optical information on a conversion surface.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an apparatus for encoding fingerprint information. This device consists of an encoding device 28 and a card 20. The card 20 may be a credit card or a passport. The encoding device 28 comprises a coherent, variable wavelength light source 1 whose light i1!1 is transmitted via an attenuator 2 and a shutter 3 to a variable beam splinter 4. This beam splitter 4 is
The light ray (beam) is split into two beams 22 and 23.

Beam 22 passes through objective lens 5 , pinhole spatial filter 6 , collimating lens 7 and enters prism 10 . Prism 10 has a refractive index such that beam 22 is completely reflected when surface 24 of prism 10 is in contact with air.

Surface 24 is located at the front focal plane of lens 11. Further, the spatial noise filter 17 is located at the rear focal plane of the lens 11. The reflected beam 22a passes through the lens 11, the spatial noise filter 17, and the collimating lens 18 and impinges on the device 25, causing a reflection hologram to appear on the recording medium 27 of the card 20. The card 20 is roughly inserted into the support means 2S of the encoding device 28.

Beam 23 is reflected by mirror 12.13;
The light passes through the objective lens 14, the pinhole spatial filter 15, and the collimating lens 16, and reaches the other side of the recording medium 27. At this time, beam 23 becomes beam 2
It forms an angle 26 with 2a.

This device is constructed so that the total distance traveled by the two beams is equal.

The finger position indicator for indicating the position of the finger consists of a guide 8 located on the surface 24 of the prism. The position of the guide 8 is selectively converted into an analog electrical signal and this signal is sent to the A/D converter S. The output digital signal passes through the electrical lead wire 19 to the card 2.
0 magnetic piece 21. This finger position indicator is discussed in more detail below in connection with Figures 3A and 3B.

Next, the operation of this encoding device will be described. When a legal user correctly places two adjacent fingers on the reading prism 10, the position of the guide 8 is determined, and the guide 8 is positioned around the three sides of the fingers, taking into account the difference in length of the fingers. The slip fit is fixed. The analog position signal sent from the guide section 8 is
It is converted into a digital signal by the A/D converter 9,
It is sent via electrical lead 19 to card 20 where it is stored in magnetic strip 21 (or semiconductor memory) of the card.

Next, one wavelength is selected for the light source 1 and the light source is activated. The shutter 3 is opened so that the beam emitted from the light source 1 is split into two by the variable beam splinter 4.

To eliminate noise, an objective lens 5.14 and a pinhole spatial shutter 6.15 are used in each beam path. Collimating lens 7 through which each beam passes
．． 16 produces a highly uniform plane wave with a spatial intensity variation of less than 5%.

Beam 22 then reaches prism 10. The refractive index of the prism is 2 for the combination of glass and air.
4 so that the total internal reflection critical condition is just met. Therefore, the total internal reflection condition largely depends on the refractive index of the medium adjacent to the surface 24. Therefore, when a legal user's finger is pressed against the surface 24 of the prism, which is operating in the boundary area of the critical reflectance, the total reflection condition is such that the peaks of the fingerprint touch (shift, but the troughs of the fingerprint The condition of total internal reflection is maintained due to the spacing between the beam 22a and the surface 24, so that the beam 22a after reflection forms an information signal representative of the fingerprint pattern of the legitimate user. Since the prism surface 24 is located in the front focal plane of the lens 11 and the spatial noise filter 17 is located in the rear focal plane of the same lens, a spatial Fourier exchange of the beam 22a is formed in the filter 17. Ru.

Filter 17 removes spatial frequency components above and below the range of the human fingerprint pattern and unnecessary low frequency components. This partially removes "fingerprint noise" caused by cuts, abrasions, and contaminating bacteria.

A collimating lens 18 is placed behind the filter 17 to maintain the focus of the spatial exchange. By means of a device 25 that produces a reflection hologram on the card 20,
The interference of the Fourier spatial exchange of the fingerprint pattern with the reference beam is recorded at angle 26. This process is performed over a series of appropriately chosen wavelengths β fi1 . , , β(n) are executed step by step sequentially. (β(1)〉βfn+
), the change in magnitude up to β(J)/β(nl is
Both β(11 and β(nl) are the white light source 31 (second
If it is within the range of the spectrum shown in Figure), compensation is guaranteed. Recording medium 2 placed on a flexible substrate
7 is exposed to the interference pattern at each step by a step-and-repeat method using a holographic camera. At the end of the last step, the recording medium is an encoding plate that is a frequency multiplexed Fourier transform reflection hologram.

The encoding plate is then glued or sandwiched onto the card. Angle 26 is a function of the optical resolution of the reflection hologram processing method. As the resolution decreases, the angle 26
will also become smaller. However, this angle 26 is determined by the corss-correlation in the fingerprint comparator of FIG.
lation) ``It must be large enough to angularly separate signal 50b from other optical signals.

The coded plate and the information stored thereon regarding the width of the fingers and the relative position of the fingers form a reference data record.

FIG. 2 shows an apparatus for comparing a reference data record with an actual fingerprint. This device includes a comparison device 30 and a card 20.
I am admonishing you. This device 30 also includes an objective lens 32, a pinhole spatial filter 33,
Via the collimating lens 34 and the diffraction grating 37,
It is provided with incoherent white light a31 directed toward the reading prism 35. The reading prism 35 has a refractive index such that the beam 50 is totally reflected when the prism surface 48 is in contact with air. Prism 35 is located at the front focal plane of lens 36.

The reflected beam 50a passes through a lens 36 to an encoding plate 38 on the card 20.

The position of the card 20 is determined by the positioning means 44
6 at the rear focal plane. Beam 50a reflects from encoding plate 38 at an angle 4B (equal to angle 26 in FIG. 1) and passes through imaging lens 39-t to a matrix photo
o-threshold analyzer) 4 Q
reach. This optical darkness value analyzer 40 is electrically powered by a light 45.
It is connected to the.

A reader 42 made of a magnetic piece is a magnetic piece 2 of the card 2o.
Located close to 1. This reader 42 is electrically connected to a D/A converter 47. A lead wire 46 extending from this D/A converter has a reference numeral 43.
It is connected to a series of motors and gears as shown. These motors and gears 43 are interconnected with the mechanical finger position guide 41. This guide portion 41 constitutes a part of the finger position indicator shown in FIG.

During actual operation, first, the card 20 is placed in the positioning means 4.
Insert into 4. Next, positional information for the guide section 41 is read from the card 2o, and the guide section 41 is positioned at an appropriate position. That is, the information recorded on the magnetic strip 21 of the card 20 is read by the reader 42, and this digital information is sent to the guide section via the D/A converter 47, the electric lead wire 46, and a series of motors and gears 43. It is used to determine the position of 41.

Next, the user places a suitable finger on the guide portion 41 so as to contact the surface 48 of the reading prism 35.

The incoherent white light tX31 is activated and the beam 50 emitted by this light source passes through the objective lens 32 and the pinhole spatial filter 33. The noise of beam 50 is
It is removed by a pinhole spatial filter 33. Beam 50 is then made parallel by lens 34 (co
lljmated), passes through the two-dimensional diffraction grating 37 and reaches the prism 35. As described for prism 10 of FIG. 1, the refractive index of prism 35 is set such that reflected beam 50 is an information signal representative of the user's fingerprint pattern. Since surface 48 of prism 35 is located in the front focal plane of lens 36, beam 50
A Fourier exchange of a is formed at the back focal plane of the lens 36, where the encoding plate 38, which is a reflection hologram, is located. The fingerprints are compared and verified by measuring the degree of correlation between the fingerprint placed on the surface 48 of the prism 35 and a reference fingerprint encoded by holography. Since the Fourier transform reflection hologram is a filter matched to the legal user's fingerprint, the beam 50a (which is the Fourier transform of the fingerprint placed on the face 48 of the prism 35) is converted to the code of the card 20. By reflecting the light from the hologram of the conversion plate 38, the degree of correlation between the two can be obtained. In the transformation domain, such a degree of correlation is
If the Fourier transform of the fingerprint of a finger placed on the prism 35 is reflected on the hologram on the card, it can be obtained naturally. The reflected beam 50b then passes through the imaging lens 3S and is sent to the matrix optical darkness value analyzer 40. If the user's fingerprint matches the reference fingerprint of the hologram, a focused bright point of light will appear on the matrix optical darkness value analyzer 40. On the other hand, if the two do not match,
A point of light appears in the analyzer 40 in a diffused state. When the degree of this cross-correlation exceeds a predetermined value, T11 confirmation that the user of the card is a legal user has been made. The fact that this confirmation has been established is indicated by the lighting of the electric light 45.

Comparison device 30 may be made by injection molding in order to fix all optical components that may be subject to movement or vibration within a single mold. The mold also maintains the optical integrity of all comparison devices, thus reducing the possibility of fingerprint size variations between the encoding device and the comparison device.

Figures 3A and 3B show the guide portion of the finger position indicator.

This indicator is used in both the encoding device of FIG. 1 and the comparison device of FIG. 2. Two adjacent fingers 51 are only in contact with a rigid guide 55. These fingers rest on a "reading" prism 56, abutting a slightly inclined support 57. In the encoding device, the finger length guide 52,53 is then moved so as to come into close contact with the tip of the finger. The finger width guide 54 subsequently moves to snugly contact the right side of the rightmost finger.

Then, such position information is sent to and recorded on the magnetic piece 21 of the card 20 placed in the encoding device. In the case of a comparison device, on the other hand, the information read from the magnetic piece 21 of the card 20 is used to determine the position of the guide 52, 53, 54 prior to placing the finger 51.

Next, we will explain why the matching accuracy can be increased by using such a finger position indicator.

In principle, any fingerprint verification device is not immune to some degree of error. For example, when trying to confirm the identity of a card user based on a single fingerprint, if the resolution of the device is not sufficient to distinguish between two similar fingerprints of different people, a false match may occur. There is a risk of outputting a signal incorrectly. By the way, if two fingerprints are used, the possibility of outputting a false match signal decreases, but as long as the limit values are the same, the probability of outputting a false match signal increases. Although lowering the limit value can reduce the output probability of such false mismatch signals, unless another comparison parameter is introduced, it will again increase the output probability of false match signals, resulting in Therefore, there is no point in using two fingerprints.

By the way, the shape of the fingers can be said to be almost unique to each individual, and differs from person to person. Therefore, if the shape of the finger is used as a comparison parameter in addition to the two fingerprints, it is possible to not only increase the matching accuracy but also lower the limit value regarding the degree of correlation between fingerprints and reduce the output probability of false mismatch signals. I can do it. For example, let P rat be the probability that two people have very similar fingerprints within a given limit, and let P rat be the probability that two people have two adjacent fingers that are very similar in shape. If P(bl), then two people have similar fingerprints and similar finger shapes Kl
The rate is P (product of al and P(b) P (a) * P
It becomes (b).

In other words, the probability that the two are similar will be reduced by at least one order of magnitude. As described above, there are many cases in which it is not possible to distinguish between two people based on their fingerprints, but it is possible to do so based on the shape of their fingers.

In this invention, information regarding the shape of the fingers is provided by the relative positions of the two fingerprints and the widths of the two fingers.

Now, returning to FIG. 2, the operation of the comparator will be explained. In the case of this device, if the user of the card is not a legitimate card user, the two fingerprints of two adjacent fingers of the fraudulent user will be recognized by the guide unit 41 as if they were originally the fingerprints of the legal user. It is placed at a different location on the "reading" prism than it should be located. Therefore, either the area of the unauthorized user's fingerprint is different from that of the authorized user (the aperture of the "reading" prism is not wide), or the relative position of the unauthorized user's fingerprint does not match that of the authorized user. The probability is high. In either case, a fingerprint pattern different from the fingerprint pattern of the reflection hologram of the card 20 is displayed by Fourier transformation, so no match occurs.

A plate with a record of the user's fingerprint attached to its surface may be used as the input means in place of the prisms of FIGS. 1 and 2. The plate is placed between the illumination beam and the Fourier transform lens in the front focal plane of the lens.

If the card 20 is a passport, personal information,
A memory may be provided for recording customs clearance information, typically recorded by stamps.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a device for encoding fingerprint information;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a device for comparing a reference data record with a fingerprint, and FIGS. 3Δ and 3B are both schematic diagrams of a guide for a finger position indicator. 31... Light source, 36... Lens. 35...prism,

Claims (11)

[Claims] (1) a) an incoherent light source for directing an illumination beam along a beam path; and b) receiving at least one fingerprint or fingerprint record of an individual placed in said beam path; input means comprising means for emitting along an optical information beam path an optical information beam modulated by data obtained from the recording; d) support means for supporting on said transformation surface a reference data record comprising a pre-recorded reflection hologram of at least one reference fingerprint, said reflection hologram forming a Fourier-transformed optical information beam; e) when the reflection hologram is irradiated with the Fourier-transformed optical information beam; , a verification result display means that operates according to the intensity distribution of the light reflected from the reflection hologram, and an optical fingerprint verification device. (2) The reference data record consists of a reflection hologram in which at least two reference fingerprints obtained from two adjacent reference fingers are recorded in advance, and data representing the width and relative position of the two reference fingers. , the input means comprises a movable means whose position is determined according to the data representing the width and relative position of the two adjacent reference fingers, and the movable means causes the at least one fingerprint or fingerprint recording to be performed. 2. The optical fingerprint verification device according to claim 1, wherein the position of the fingerprint on said input means is determined. (3) said pre-recorded reflection hologram is a frequency multiplexed reflection hologram, each frequency being within the spectrum of said incoherent light source, so that the magnitude of said at least one reference fingerprint is 2. The optical fingerprint verification device according to claim 1, wherein the sensitivity of the device to changes in the size of the fingerprint is reduced. (4) said prerecorded reflection hologram is a frequency multiplexed reflection hologram, each frequency being within the spectrum of said incoherent light source, so that said prerecorded reflection hologram has a magnitude of said at least one reference fingerprint; 3. The optical fingerprint verification device according to claim 2, wherein the sensitivity of the device to changes in the size of the fingerprint is reduced. (5) a) directing a beam of incoherent light onto the input means on which at least one fingerprint is placed to generate a fingerprint data beam; b) passing the fingerprint data beam through an optical Fourier transform means; c) filtering the Fourier transform of said fingerprint data beam by a pre-recorded reflection hologram of the Fourier transform of at least one reference fingerprint, and combining said Fourier transform of said fingerprint beam with said pre-recorded reflection hologram; generating reflected light having an intensity distribution representing a degree of correlation; d) matching or mismatching of the at least one fingerprint and the at least one reference fingerprint according to the intensity distribution of the light reflected from the reflection hologram; An optical fingerprint verification method consisting of the following steps. (6) A reference data recording device for use with a fingerprint verification device of the type described in claim 1, comprising: a) coherence in which the irradiation beam is irradiated along the beam path and the reference beam is irradiated along the reference beam path; a) a light source; b) receiving at least one fingerprint or fingerprint record of an individual placed in said beam path; An apparatus for creating a reference data record comprising: input means comprising means for generating optical information along a beam path; c) optical Fourier transform means placed in said optical information beam path and generating Fourier transformed optical information on a conversion surface. (7) The wavelength of the light emitted from the coherent light source is selectable, and the reflection hologram processing means is for processing a frequency multiplexed reflection hologram on the recording medium. The optical fingerprint verification device according to claim 6. (8) the input means comprises means for emitting a position signal when positioned by at least two adjacent fingers of a certain individual, the recording medium comprises a memory, and further,
7. The optical fingerprint verification device according to claim 6, further comprising means for encoding said position signal in said memory. (9) the input means comprises means for emitting a position signal when positioned by at least two adjacent fingers of an individual; the recording medium comprises a memory;
8. The optical fingerprint verification device according to claim 7, further comprising means for encoding said position signal in said memory. (10) using at least two fingerprints instead of the at least one fingerprint, and positioning the at least two fingerprints on the input means according to reference data regarding finger widths and relative positions of the fingers. 6. The optical fingerprint verification method according to claim 5. (11) The reflection hologram recorded in advance is
A frequency multiplexed reflection hologram, characterized in that in the step of irradiating the input means with incoherent light, incoherent light having a frequency spectrum that includes each frequency is irradiated within the frequency multiplexed reflection hologram. The optical fingerprint verification method according to claim 10.