JPH0375529B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH0375529B2
JPH0375529B2 JP57056690A JP5669082A JPH0375529B2 JP H0375529 B2 JPH0375529 B2 JP H0375529B2 JP 57056690 A JP57056690 A JP 57056690A JP 5669082 A JP5669082 A JP 5669082A JP H0375529 B2 JPH0375529 B2 JP H0375529B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
tnf
solution
albumin
activity
gelatin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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JP57056690A
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Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS58174330A (en
Inventor
Hajime Sakamoto
Takao Kyota
Hiroshi Hayashi
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Asahi Kasei Corp
Original Assignee
Asahi Kasei Kogyo KK
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Publication date
Application filed by Asahi Kasei Kogyo KK filed Critical Asahi Kasei Kogyo KK
Priority to JP57056690A priority Critical patent/JPS58174330A/en
Priority to HU83981A priority patent/HU189251B/en
Priority to US06/477,866 priority patent/US4447355A/en
Priority to EP83301740A priority patent/EP0091258B2/en
Priority to AT83301740T priority patent/ATE29666T1/en
Priority to DE8383301740T priority patent/DE3373628D1/en
Priority to CA000424749A priority patent/CA1187412A/en
Priority to IT67372/83A priority patent/IT1162845B/en
Priority to FR8305540A priority patent/FR2530472B1/en
Priority to ES521266A priority patent/ES8505546A1/en
Priority to BE0/210494A priority patent/BE896383A/en
Priority to KR1019830001415A priority patent/KR860000842B1/en
Priority to CH1885/83A priority patent/CH656534A5/en
Publication of JPS58174330A publication Critical patent/JPS58174330A/en
Publication of JPH0375529B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0375529B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/30Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
    • A61K47/42Proteins; Polypeptides; Degradation products thereof; Derivatives thereof, e.g. albumin, gelatin or zein
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K38/00Medicinal preparations containing peptides
    • A61K38/16Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K38/17Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
    • A61K38/19Cytokines; Lymphokines; Interferons
    • A61K38/191Tumor necrosis factors [TNF], e.g. lymphotoxin [LT], i.e. TNF-beta

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
  • Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明は、ガン壊死因子(以下、TNFと略記
する)の安定化法、詳しくは保存時、分離精製、
凍結乾燥などの操作を行なう際のTNFの安定化
法に関するものである。 本発明におけるTNFとは、「網内系賦活化作用
を有する物質の1種または2種以上を哺乳動物に
投与し、次いでグラム陰性菌由来のエンドトキシ
ンを注射することによつて、または哺乳動物由来
の活性化マクロフアージを含む組織培養系にグラ
ム陰性菌由来のエンドトキシンを加えることによ
つて誘発される生理活性物質で、担ガン動物に接
種することにより、ある種のガンを壊死せしめる
因子」と定義される物質である。TNFの特徴と
しては、ある種のガンを壊死せしめることの他
に、その作用が種特異的でないことが知られてい
る。たとえば、ウサギより得られたTNFがマウ
スのガンを壊死せしめることができる。さらに、
TNFはin vitroで正常細胞にはほとんど有害な
作用を及ぼさず、ある種のガン細胞(たとえば、
マウスのガンに由来するL−M細胞)を殺す能力
をもつことが知られている。このようにTNFは
制ガン作用を有し、種非特異的で、正常細胞に作
用しないことから制ガン剤として期待される。 従来から、動物あるいは組織培養系中に誘発さ
れるTNFの量は、非常に微量であることが知ら
れている。TNFを制ガン剤として広く安全に使
用するためには、分離精製することが重要であ
り、また溶液あるいは凍結状態で長期保存した
り、凍結乾燥を行なうことは、TNFを大量に工
業的に製造する際に必須の操作である。ところが
本発明者らは、高純度のTNF溶液を保存したり、
凍結あるいは凍結乾燥を行なうと、活性が著しく
低下することを見いだした。また、高純度の
TNFの安定性について検討した報告もない。こ
のような現状では、その制ガン効果にもかかわら
ず、高純度のTNFを効率よく安定的に工業的規
模で提供することは不可能である。 本発明者らは、TNFの安定化のために鋭意研
究を重ねた結果、アルブミンまたはゼラチンを添
加すると長期保存しても、また、分離精製、凍結
乾燥などの操作を行つても、TNFの活性が保持
されることを見いだした。本発明は、この知見に
基づくものである。 本発明は、TNFにアルブミンまたはゼラチン
を添加することを特徴とするTNFの安定化法に
関するものである。 本発明に用いられるTNF原料は、公知の方法
で生産される。そのようなものとしては、たとえ
ば、Matthewsら,Br.J.Cancer,42(1980)416
や、Greenら,J.Natl.Cancer Inst.,59(1977)
1519の方法が挙げられる。以下、その方法を説明
する。 すなわち、哺乳動物(たとえば、マウス、ウサ
ギ、モルモツトなど)に網内系賦活化作用を有す
る物質の1種または2種以上を静脈内または腹腔
内に注射する。網内系賦活化作用を有する物質と
しては、通常グラム陽性菌、原生動物または酵母
が用いられ、生菌状態、死菌状態(たとえば、熱
処理やホルマリン処理後)または菌体抽出成分と
して投与される。 ここでグラム陽性菌としては、たとえば、
Propionibacterium acnes(Corynebacterium parvum)、
Propionibacterium granulosum
(Corynebacterium granulosum)のような
Propionibacteria、Bacillus Calmette−Gue´rin
(BCG)、Mycobacterium smegmatisのような
Mycobacterria、Nocardia erythropolis、
Nocardia gardneriのようなNocardiasが挙げら
れる。原生動物としては、たとえばマラリア原
虫、トキソプラズマが挙げられる。酵母の場合、
通常Saccharomyces cerevisiaeなどから抽出し
たZymosanが用いられる。また、ピランコーポ
リマーのような合成高分子化合物を用いることも
できる。 網内系賦活化作用を有する物質の投与後7〜14
日後にグラム陰性菌より得られたエンドトキシ
ン、たとえば、大腸菌、緑膿菌、チフス菌由来の
リポポリサツカライドを該哺乳動物の静脈内に注
射する。注射後1.5〜2時間後に該哺乳動物の体
液(たとえば、腹水、リンパ液など)および/ま
たは血清もしくは血漿を得るか、または該動物の
肝臓、脾臓等の臓器を均一に破砕し、生理食塩水
で抽出してTNF原料を得る。 本発明に用いられるTNF原料の生産方法は、
上記に限られるものではない。すなわち、細胞培
養法のようなTNF原料生産法も採用できる。 このようにして生産されたTNF原料は、通常
の生化学的分離精製方法を組合せて分離精製され
る。そのようなものとして、たとえば、硫酸アン
モニウムによる塩析法、陰イオン交換樹脂による
イオン交換クロマトグラフイー、ゲル過法、電
気泳動法などが挙げられる。これらの方法を組合
せて、分離精製工程を進めて精製度を上げていく
と、TNFは次第に不安定となる。たとえば比活
性(1mgの総蛋白質中に含まれるTNFの活性、
活性の単位は後述)50万単位/mgまで精製した
TNF試料は、実施例に示すように非常に不安定
である。比活性がこれにより低いTNF試料も程
度の差はあるが、保存したり、凍結、凍結乾燥な
どの操作により、その活性が低下する。本発明の
対象となるものは、このように精製度が上がり不
安定となつたTNFであり、溶液および粉末のい
ずれでもよいが、特にTNFを含有する溶液であ
る。 本発明で用いられるTNFを含有する溶液のPH
は5〜10に保たれていることが好ましく、適当な
緩衝液で調整されていることがより好ましい。そ
のような緩衝液としては、たとえば、リン酸緩衝
液、トリス〔tris(hydroxymethyl)
aminomethane〕−塩酸緩衝液などが挙げられる。
目的によつては塩を加える場合もある。用いられ
る塩としては、塩化ナトリウム、塩化カリウムな
どがあり、その濃度は目的によつて決定される。
たとえば、注射用として用いる場合には、塩化ナ
トリウムを0.15Mになるように加え等張液とす
る。 本発明で用いられるアルブミンとしては、たと
えば、ウシアルブミン、ヒトアルブミン、卵アル
ブミン、ラクトアルブミンなどが挙げられ、いず
れも安定化効果に大差はないが、注射用製剤とし
て用いる場合には、ヒトアルブミンが最も好まし
い。 本発明で用いられるゼラチンは、公知の方法に
したがつて精製されたものを使用し、分子量の範
囲は特に限定されないが、なるべく均一な成分で
あることが好ましい。 アルブミンおよびゼラチ
ンの添加濃度は、TNFを含有する溶液1mlあた
り1μg以上、より好ましくは10μg以上、さらに
好ましくは100μg以上である添加濃度の上限は常
識的、経済的観点から決められ、同溶液1mlあた
り50mgである。なお、TNFを含有する粉末に添
加する場合の、アルブミンおよびゼラチンの添加
量は、該粉末を溶解した際に、上記の溶液濃度に
なるように選ばれる。 添加方法は特に限定されないが、たとえば、ア
ルブミンおよびゼラチン粉末を直接TNF含有溶
液に添加する方法、あらかじめ同粉末を水あるい
は適当な緩衝液に溶解して添加する方法、または
同粉末をTNF含有粉末と混合せしめて添加する
方法が挙げられる。添加時期は、分離精製過程で
あつても、製剤化工程であつてもよい。 アルブミンおよびゼラチンを共に添加する方法
もまた本発明の方法に含まれる。その場合、両物
質の合計量が、先に述べた添加濃度および量にな
るように調整すればよい。 このようにアルブミンまたは/およびゼラチン
を添加してTNFを含有する溶液は、溶液状態の
ままでは0〜30℃、より好ましくは0〜10℃で保
存あるいは分離精製、製剤化操作をすることが好
ましい。また、同溶液を凍結状態で保存する場合
は0℃以下、より好ましくは−20℃以下とするこ
とが望ましい。本発明におけるアルブミンまた
は/およびゼラチンを添加したTNFを含有する
溶液では、溶液状態または凍結状態での保存中あ
るいは分離精製、製剤化操作中にもTNFの活性
は保持される。 また、本発明の方法は、凍結乾燥操作に対して
も有効である。すなわち、TNFを含有する溶液
を常法により凍結乾燥を行なうと(特に高純度の
場合)、その活性は低下するが、両溶液にアルブ
ミンまたは/およびゼラチンを添加することによ
つてTNFの活性は低下しない。また、凍結乾燥
後にアルブミンまたは/およびゼラチンを添加し
てもよい。粉末状態での保存は、室温あるいは室
温以下が好ましい。 TNFの活性測定には、in vivoで腫瘍壊死効果
を測定する方法と、in vitroでガン細胞を殺す効
果を測定する方法がある。 in vivo法としては、たとえば、Carswellらの
方法,Proc.Nat.Acad.Sci.USA,72(1975)
3666が挙げられる。この方法は、移植したMeth
A sarcomaによる腫瘍をTNFが壊死させる効
果を測定するものである。すなわち、BALB/
c×C57BL/6)F1マウスの腋下部皮内に2×
105コのMeth A sarcoma細胞を移植する。7
日後、移植した腫瘍の大きさが直径7〜8mmとな
り、出血性壊死などがなく良好な血行状態にある
マウスを選び、尾静脈より生理食塩水で希釈した
0.5mlのTNF試料を注射し、24時間後に次の判定
基準により判定を行なう。 (−):変化なし (+):かすかな出血性壊死 ():中程度の出血性壊死(移植ガン表面の
真中から50%以上にわたつて壊死) ():顕著な出血性壊死(移植ガンの中央部
が重度に壊死し、周囲のガン組織がわずか
に残つた状態) in vitro法によるTNF活性測定は、たとえば、
Ruffら〔Lymphokine Reports Vol.,ed.by
E.Pick,Academic Press,N.Y.(1980)235〕、
あるいはKullら〔J.Immunol.,126(1981)
1279〕の方法が挙げられる。 本発明者らが用いている方法は、これらを各良
したものであり、TNFがL−M細胞(アメリカ
ン・タイプ・カルチヤー・コレクシヨン,
CCL1.2)を殺す効果を測定するものである。す
なわち、順次培地で希釈したTNF試料0.1mlと
105コ/mlの濃度のL−M細胞の培地懸濁液0.1ml
を96穴の組織培養用マイクロプレート(フロー・
ラボラトリー社)に加える。培地は10v/v%の
ウシ胎児血清を含むイーグルのミニマム・エツセ
ンシヤル培地(その組成は、たとえば、「組織培
養」中井準之助他編集、朝倉書店、1967年に記載
されている)を用いる。マイクロプレートを5%
の炭酸ガスを含む空気中、37℃で48時間培養す
る。培養終了後、グルタルアルデヒド20μを加
え細胞を固定する。固定後、マイクロプレートを
洗浄、乾燥して、0.05%メチレンブル−溶液を
0.1ml加え、生き残つた細胞を染色する。余分な
メチレンブルーを洗い流し乾燥した後、残つたメ
チレンブルーを3%塩酸溶液で抽出し、その
665nmにおける吸光度をタイターテツク・マルチ
スキヤン(フロー・ラボラトリー社)で測定す
る。この吸光度は、生き残つた細胞数に比例す
る。TNF試料を加えない対照の吸光度の50%の
値に相当するTNF試料の希釈率を、グラフある
いは計算によつて求め、その希釈率を単位
(U)/mlと定義する。以下、本発明における
TNFのin vitro活性は、すべてこの単位で表示
される。 本発明の方法によれば、制ガン剤として期待さ
れているTNFを溶液、凍結、凍結乾燥状態での
保存や、分離精製、製剤化操作の際にもその活性
は保持されるので、高純度のTNFを効率よく安
定的に工業的規模で提供することが可能となる。
また、安定化剤としてヒトアルブミンまたはゼラ
チンを用いる場合には、人体に投与しても安全
で、TNFを制ガン剤として用いる際にきわめて
有利である。 次に、実施例によつて本発明をさらに詳細に説
明する。 実施例 1 比活性500000U/mgであるウサギ由来のTNF
を用いて、1200U/mlの活性を有するTNF溶液
(0.15M塩化ナトリウムを含む0.1Mリン酸緩衝液
PH7.0)を調製した。該TNF溶液に各種濃度のヒ
ト血清アルブミンおよびウシ血清アルブミンを添
加し、4℃で保存し、経時的(2日,7日,30日
目)に、本明細書中に記載したin vitroおよびin
vivo評価法で残存活性を測定した。in vitro法の
場合は、得られた測定値より残存活性率(%)を
算出した。結果は他の実施例の結果と共に表1に
示す。また図面にヒト血清アルブミンの各種添加
濃度に対する7日間保存後のTNF残存活性率を
示す。なお、in vivo評価では、該処理溶液を限
外過濃縮装置,ミニモジユールNM−3(旭化
成工業製,フナコシ薬品販売)にて20倍濃縮し、
1匹当り0.5mlを尾静脈に投与し、投与後24時間
目の壊死の程度を5匹1群で観察した。 実施例 2 実施例1と同様の活性濃度を有するTNF溶液
を調製し、該TNF溶液に各種濃度のヒト血清ア
ルブミンを添加し、凍結(−70℃)と融解を繰り
返し(1回,3回)、その残存活性をin vitro評
価法で測定した。また、該溶液を−70℃に凍結
後、凍結乾燥機で凍結乾燥を行ない、次いで、該
凍結乾燥品を1週間室温で放置後、滅菌蒸留水を
加えて溶解し、残存活性率をin vitro評価法で求
めた。なお、該凍結乾燥品は、実施例1と同様に
in vivo評価を行ない、制ガン効果についても確
認をした。結果を表1に示す。 実施例 3 実施例1と同様な方法で、アルブミンの代りに
ゼラチンを用いてその安定化効果を調べた。結果
を表1に示す。 実施例 4 実施例2と同様の操作で、アルブミンの代りに
ゼラチンを用いてその安定化効果を調べた。結果
を表1に示す。 比較例 実施例1と同様の活性濃度を有するTNF溶液
に、通常の生理活性物質の溶液安定化剤としてよ
く知られている各種アミノ酸、金属塩類およびキ
レート剤を添加し、4℃で保存し、7日間保存後
のTNF残存活性率をin vitro評価により求めた。
結果を表2に示す。
The present invention provides a method for stabilizing cancer necrosis factor (hereinafter abbreviated as TNF), specifically, during storage, separation and purification,
This paper relates to a method for stabilizing TNF during operations such as freeze-drying. In the present invention, TNF is defined as "a method that can be carried out by administering one or more substances having a reticuloendothelial system activation effect to a mammal, and then injecting endotoxin derived from Gram-negative bacteria, or A physiologically active substance that is induced by adding endotoxin derived from Gram-negative bacteria to a tissue culture system containing activated macrophages, and is defined as a factor that causes necrosis of certain cancers when inoculated into tumor-bearing animals. It is a substance that is In addition to causing necrosis in some types of cancer, TNF is known to have non-species-specific effects. For example, TNF obtained from rabbits can kill cancers in mice. moreover,
TNF has little harmful effect on normal cells in vitro and has been shown to be effective against certain types of cancer cells (e.g.
It is known to have the ability to kill cancer-derived LM cells in mice. As described above, TNF has an anticancer effect, is non-species specific, and does not act on normal cells, so it is expected to be an anticancer agent. It has been known that the amount of TNF induced in animals or tissue culture systems is extremely small. In order to widely and safely use TNF as an anticancer agent, it is important to separate and purify it, and long-term storage in a solution or frozen state, as well as freeze-drying, are important when producing TNF industrially in large quantities. This is an essential operation. However, the present inventors have been able to store high-purity TNF solutions and
It was found that freezing or freeze-drying significantly reduces the activity. In addition, high purity
There are no reports examining the stability of TNF. Under these circumstances, despite its anticancer effect, it is impossible to efficiently and stably provide highly purified TNF on an industrial scale. As a result of extensive research into the stabilization of TNF, the present inventors have found that the addition of albumin or gelatin does not inhibit the activity of TNF even after long-term storage or through operations such as separation and purification and freeze-drying. was found to be retained. The present invention is based on this knowledge. The present invention relates to a method for stabilizing TNF, which is characterized by adding albumin or gelatin to TNF. The TNF raw material used in the present invention is produced by a known method. Such, for example, Matthews et al., Br.J.Cancer, 42 (1980) 416
, Green et al., J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 59 (1977)
There are 1519 methods. The method will be explained below. That is, one or more substances having a reticuloendothelial system activating effect are injected intravenously or intraperitoneally into a mammal (eg, mouse, rabbit, guinea pig, etc.). Gram-positive bacteria, protozoa, or yeast are usually used as substances that activate the reticuloendothelial system, and are administered in a live state, a dead state (for example, after heat treatment or formalin treatment), or as a bacterial cell extract component. . Here, examples of Gram-positive bacteria include:
Propionibacterium acnes (Corynebacterium parvum),
Propionibacterium granulosum
(Corynebacterium granulosum)
Propionibacteria, Bacillus Calmette−Gue´rin
(BCG), Mycobacterium smegmatis-like
Mycobacterria, Nocardia erythropolis,
Examples include Nocardias such as Nocardia gardneri. Examples of protozoa include malaria parasites and toxoplasma gondii. In the case of yeast,
Zymosan extracted from Saccharomyces cerevisiae etc. is usually used. Moreover, synthetic polymer compounds such as pyran copolymers can also be used. 7-14 after administration of a substance that activates the reticuloendothelial system
After a day, endotoxin obtained from Gram-negative bacteria, such as lipopolysaccharide derived from Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella typhi, is intravenously injected into the mammal. 1.5 to 2 hours after injection, the mammal's body fluids (e.g., ascites, lymph, etc.) and/or serum or plasma are obtained, or the liver, spleen, and other organs of the animal are homogenized and soaked in physiological saline. Extract to obtain TNF raw material. The method for producing the TNF raw material used in the present invention is as follows:
It is not limited to the above. That is, a TNF raw material production method such as a cell culture method can also be adopted. The TNF raw material produced in this manner is separated and purified using a combination of conventional biochemical separation and purification methods. Examples of such methods include salting out using ammonium sulfate, ion exchange chromatography using anion exchange resin, gel filtration, and electrophoresis. When these methods are combined and the separation and purification steps are carried out to increase the degree of purification, TNF gradually becomes unstable. For example, specific activity (activity of TNF contained in 1 mg of total protein,
(Activity units are described below) Purified to 500,000 units/mg
TNF samples are very unstable as shown in the examples. TNF samples with low specific activity also have their activity reduced to varying degrees by storage, freezing, freeze-drying, and other operations. The object of the present invention is TNF which has become unstable due to the increased degree of purification, and may be either a solution or a powder, but particularly a solution containing TNF. PH of the solution containing TNF used in the present invention
is preferably maintained at 5 to 10, and more preferably adjusted with an appropriate buffer. Such buffers include, for example, phosphate buffer, tris (hydroxymethyl
aminomethane]-hydrochloric acid buffer, etc.
Depending on the purpose, salt may be added. Examples of the salts used include sodium chloride and potassium chloride, and the concentration thereof is determined depending on the purpose.
For example, when used for injection, add sodium chloride to 0.15M to make an isotonic solution. Examples of the albumin used in the present invention include bovine albumin, human albumin, egg albumin, and lactalbumin.Although there is no major difference in the stabilizing effect of any of them, when used as an injectable preparation, human albumin Most preferred. The gelatin used in the present invention is purified according to a known method, and although the molecular weight range is not particularly limited, it is preferable that the gelatin is as uniform as possible. The concentration of albumin and gelatin added is 1 μg or more, more preferably 10 μg or more, and even more preferably 100 μg or more per ml of the solution containing TNF. The upper limit of the added concentration is determined from common sense and economical viewpoints. It is 50mg. The amounts of albumin and gelatin to be added to the TNF-containing powder are selected so that the above-mentioned solution concentration is obtained when the powder is dissolved. The method of addition is not particularly limited, but for example, albumin and gelatin powders may be added directly to a TNF-containing solution, the same powders may be dissolved in water or an appropriate buffer beforehand, or the same powder may be added to a TNF-containing powder. An example is a method of mixing and adding. The addition time may be during the separation and purification process or during the formulation process. Methods of adding albumin and gelatin together are also included in the method of the invention. In that case, the total amount of both substances may be adjusted so that the added concentration and amount are as described above. It is preferable that a solution containing TNF by adding albumin and/or gelatin is stored, separated, purified, and formulated at 0 to 30°C, more preferably 0 to 10°C, in its solution state. . Furthermore, when storing the same solution in a frozen state, it is desirable to keep it at 0°C or lower, more preferably at -20°C or lower. In the solution containing TNF added with albumin and/or gelatin in the present invention, the activity of TNF is maintained even during storage in a solution state or frozen state, or during separation and purification and formulation operations. The method of the invention is also effective for freeze-drying operations. In other words, when a solution containing TNF is freeze-dried using a conventional method (especially in the case of high purity), its activity decreases, but by adding albumin and/or gelatin to both solutions, the activity of TNF can be reduced. Does not decrease. Alternatively, albumin or/and gelatin may be added after lyophilization. Preferably, the powder is stored at room temperature or below room temperature. There are two ways to measure the activity of TNF: one is to measure the tumor necrosis effect in vivo, and the other is to measure the cancer cell killing effect in vitro. In vivo methods include, for example, the method of Carswell et al., Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA, 72 (1975).
3666 is mentioned. This method uses the transplanted Meth
This test measures the effect of TNF on necrosis of tumors caused by A sarcoma. That is, BALB/
c×C57BL/6) 2× intradermally in the axillary region of F1 mice.
Transplant 10 5 Meth A sarcoma cells. 7
After a day, mice were selected in which the size of the transplanted tumor was 7 to 8 mm in diameter, there was no hemorrhagic necrosis, and there was good blood circulation, and the mice were diluted with physiological saline from the tail vein.
Inject 0.5 ml of TNF sample, and judge after 24 hours according to the following criteria. (-): No change (+): Faint hemorrhagic necrosis (): Moderate hemorrhagic necrosis (necrosis extending from the center of the transplanted cancer surface to more than 50%) (): Significant hemorrhagic necrosis (necrosis extending from the center of the transplanted cancer surface) The central part of the body is severely necrotic, with only a small amount of surrounding cancerous tissue remaining).
Ruff et al. [Lymphokine Reports Vol., ed.by
E. Pick, Academic Press, NY (1980) 235],
Or Kull et al. [J. Immunol., 126 (1981)
1279] method. The method used by the present inventors is an improvement of each of these methods, in which TNF is isolated from LM cells (American Type Culture Collection,
It measures the effectiveness of killing CCL1.2). i.e. 0.1 ml of TNF sample diluted in sequential medium and
0.1 ml of medium suspension of LM cells at a concentration of 105 cells/ml
into a 96-well tissue culture microplate (flow/
Laboratory, Inc.). Eagle's minimum essential medium containing 10 v/v% fetal bovine serum (its composition is described, for example, in "Tissue Culture" edited by Junnosuke Nakai et al., Asakura Shoten, 1967) is used as the medium. 5% microplate
Incubate at 37℃ for 48 hours in air containing carbon dioxide gas. After culturing, add 20μ of glutaraldehyde to fix the cells. After fixation, wash and dry the microplate and add 0.05% methylene blue solution.
Add 0.1ml and stain the surviving cells. After rinsing away excess methylene blue and drying, extract the remaining methylene blue with a 3% hydrochloric acid solution and extract the remaining methylene blue.
The absorbance at 665 nm is measured using Titertech Multiscan (Flow Laboratory). This absorbance is proportional to the number of surviving cells. The dilution rate of the TNF sample corresponding to 50% of the absorbance of the control without the TNF sample is determined by graph or calculation, and the dilution rate is defined as units (U)/ml. Hereinafter, in the present invention
All in vitro activities of TNF are expressed in this unit. According to the method of the present invention, the activity of TNF, which is expected to be an anticancer agent, is maintained even when it is stored in a solution, frozen, or lyophilized state, and during separation and purification and formulation operations. can be provided efficiently and stably on an industrial scale.
Furthermore, when human albumin or gelatin is used as a stabilizer, it is safe to administer to the human body, and is extremely advantageous when using TNF as an anticancer agent. Next, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples. Example 1 Rabbit-derived TNF with specific activity 500000 U/mg
A TNF solution (0.1M phosphate buffer containing 0.15M sodium chloride) with an activity of 1200U/ml was prepared using
PH7.0) was prepared. Various concentrations of human serum albumin and bovine serum albumin were added to the TNF solution, stored at 4°C, and subjected to in vitro and in vitro treatment as described herein over time (days 2, 7, and 30).
Residual activity was measured using an in vivo evaluation method. In the case of the in vitro method, the residual activity rate (%) was calculated from the measured values obtained. The results are shown in Table 1 together with the results of other Examples. The figure also shows the residual activity of TNF after 7 days of storage for various added concentrations of human serum albumin. In the in vivo evaluation, the treated solution was concentrated 20 times using an ultra-concentrator, Minimodule NM-3 (manufactured by Asahi Kasei Kogyo, sold by Funakoshi Yakuhin).
0.5 ml per animal was administered into the tail vein, and the degree of necrosis was observed 24 hours after administration in groups of five animals. Example 2 A TNF solution having the same active concentration as in Example 1 was prepared, human serum albumin at various concentrations was added to the TNF solution, and freezing (-70°C) and thawing were repeated (once and three times). , and its residual activity was measured using an in vitro evaluation method. In addition, after freezing the solution to -70°C, lyophilize it with a freeze dryer, and then leave the lyophilized product at room temperature for one week, dissolve it by adding sterile distilled water, and measure the residual activity in vitro. Obtained using an evaluation method. In addition, the freeze-dried product was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.
An in vivo evaluation was conducted to confirm the anticancer effect. The results are shown in Table 1. Example 3 In the same manner as in Example 1, gelatin was used instead of albumin to examine its stabilizing effect. The results are shown in Table 1. Example 4 In the same manner as in Example 2, gelatin was used instead of albumin to examine its stabilizing effect. The results are shown in Table 1. Comparative Example Various amino acids, metal salts, and chelating agents, which are well known as usual solution stabilizers for physiologically active substances, were added to a TNF solution having the same active concentration as in Example 1, and the solution was stored at 4°C. The residual activity rate of TNF after 7 days of storage was determined by in vitro evaluation.
The results are shown in Table 2.

【表】【table】

【表】【table】

【表】 以上の実施例、比較例から明らかなように、本
発明の安定化法によれば、溶液状態での保存、凍
結、融解、凍結乾燥などの操作時において、
TNFの活性を安定的に保持することが可能であ
り、TNF製造時の精製工程、製剤化工程などへ
の応用はもちろんのこと、製品化した際の製品安
定性をも保証するものである。
[Table] As is clear from the above examples and comparative examples, according to the stabilization method of the present invention, during operations such as storage in a solution state, freezing, thawing, and freeze-drying,
It is possible to stably maintain the activity of TNF, and it not only can be applied to the purification process and formulation process during TNF production, but also guarantees product stability when commercialized.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

図面はヒト血清アルブミンの添加濃度に対する
4℃7日間保存後のTNF in vitro残存活性率との関係を示すグラフであ
る。
The figure is a graph showing the relationship between the concentration of human serum albumin added and the residual activity rate of TNF in vitro after storage at 4°C for 7 days.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 ガン壊死因子にアルブミンまたはゼラチンを
添加することを特徴とするガン壊死因子の安定化
法。
1. A method for stabilizing cancer necrosis factor, which comprises adding albumin or gelatin to cancer necrosis factor.
JP57056690A 1982-04-07 1982-04-07 Stabilization of cancer necrotizing factor Granted JPS58174330A (en)

Priority Applications (13)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP57056690A JPS58174330A (en) 1982-04-07 1982-04-07 Stabilization of cancer necrotizing factor
HU83981A HU189251B (en) 1982-04-07 1983-03-23 Process for stabilizing tumor necrosis factor
US06/477,866 US4447355A (en) 1982-04-07 1983-03-23 Method for stabilizing a tumor necrosis factor and a stable aqueous solution or powder containing the same
EP83301740A EP0091258B2 (en) 1982-04-07 1983-03-28 Method for stabilizing tumor necrosis factor and a stable aqueous solution or powder containing said factor
AT83301740T ATE29666T1 (en) 1982-04-07 1983-03-28 METHOD FOR STABILIZING A NECROSIS-INDUCING FACTOR OF TUMORS AND STABLE AQUEOUS SOLUTION OR POWDER CONTAINING SUCH FACTOR.
DE8383301740T DE3373628D1 (en) 1982-04-07 1983-03-28 Method for stabilizing tumor necrosis factor and a stable aqueous solution or powder containing said factor
CA000424749A CA1187412A (en) 1982-04-07 1983-03-29 Method for stabilizing a tumor necrosis factor and a stable aqueous solution or powder containing the same
IT67372/83A IT1162845B (en) 1982-04-07 1983-04-05 PROCEDURE FOR STABILIZING A FACTOR WITH A NECROTIZING EFFECT ON CANCERS AND A STABLE WATER SOLUTION OR POWDER CONTAINING IT
FR8305540A FR2530472B1 (en) 1982-04-07 1983-04-05 PROCESS FOR STABILIZING A TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR AND STABLE AQUEOUS OR POWDER SOLUTION CONTAINING THE FACTOR
ES521266A ES8505546A1 (en) 1982-04-07 1983-04-06 Method for stabilizing tumor necrosis factor and a stable aqueous solution or powder containing said factor.
BE0/210494A BE896383A (en) 1982-04-07 1983-04-06 PROCESS FOR STABILIZING A TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR AND STABLE AQUEOUS OR POWDER SOLUTION CONTAINING THE FACTOR
KR1019830001415A KR860000842B1 (en) 1982-04-07 1983-04-06 A method for stabilizing a tumor nectrosis factor
CH1885/83A CH656534A5 (en) 1982-04-07 1983-04-07 METHOD FOR STABILIZING A TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR AND STABLE AQUEOUS OR POWDER SOLUTION CONTAINING THE SAME.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP57056690A JPS58174330A (en) 1982-04-07 1982-04-07 Stabilization of cancer necrotizing factor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS58174330A JPS58174330A (en) 1983-10-13
JPH0375529B2 true JPH0375529B2 (en) 1991-12-02

Family

ID=13034438

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP57056690A Granted JPS58174330A (en) 1982-04-07 1982-04-07 Stabilization of cancer necrotizing factor

Country Status (2)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS58174330A (en)
BE (1) BE896383A (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60126217A (en) * 1983-12-14 1985-07-05 Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd Long-term sustained release pharmaceutical preparation
JP2629000B2 (en) * 1986-07-18 1997-07-09 中外製薬株式会社 Stable granulocyte colony stimulating factor-containing preparation
EP0395765A4 (en) * 1988-01-13 1991-09-25 Dainippon Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Oozing-proof liposome preparation

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS55108821A (en) * 1979-02-14 1980-08-21 Kanebo Ltd Preparation of antitumor agent
JPS5716823A (en) * 1980-07-03 1982-01-28 Green Cross Corp:The Live mumps vaccine pharmaceutical and stabilizing method

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS55108821A (en) * 1979-02-14 1980-08-21 Kanebo Ltd Preparation of antitumor agent
JPS5716823A (en) * 1980-07-03 1982-01-28 Green Cross Corp:The Live mumps vaccine pharmaceutical and stabilizing method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS58174330A (en) 1983-10-13
BE896383A (en) 1983-08-01

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