JPH037369B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH037369B2 JPH037369B2 JP25788087A JP25788087A JPH037369B2 JP H037369 B2 JPH037369 B2 JP H037369B2 JP 25788087 A JP25788087 A JP 25788087A JP 25788087 A JP25788087 A JP 25788087A JP H037369 B2 JPH037369 B2 JP H037369B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- probe
- probe body
- sound
- sound guide
- dynamic characteristics
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 210000000613 ear canal Anatomy 0.000 claims description 20
- 210000000959 ear middle Anatomy 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 210000003454 tympanic membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007779 soft material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
Description
「産業上の利用分野」
本発明は中耳動特性の微細な変化を測定するこ
とのできる中耳動特性測定用プローブに関するも
のである。
「従来の技術」
従来、この種中耳動特性測定用プローブは外耳
道に挿入される外耳道挿入部の内部に３本のステ
ンレスのパイプを貫通固着し、これらのパイプの
突出端にそれぞれシリコンチユーブを連結し、そ
れぞれマイクロホン、プローブ用イヤホン、刺激
用イヤホンに連通し、また、刺激用イヤホンに連
通されたチユーブには圧力チユーブが分岐連通さ
れて構成されていた。
「発明が解決しようとする問題点」
しかるに、従来のプローブは外耳道挿入部から
マイクやイヤホンまでの間に15〜22cmのかなり長
いチユーブが使用されていた。一方端が閉じられ
た音響管での音圧の理論的特性は第３図実線特性
A1のように、周波数の変化に対し略平担で、ま
た位相差の理論的特性は第４図実線特性A2のよ
うに周波数の変化に対し直線的に増加することが
望ましい。ところが、前記従来のような長いチユ
ーブを連結したものでは、チユーブ内の音響的共
振が低いことにより音圧測定曲線は第３図の点線
特性C1のように、また位相差特性は第４図の点
線特性C2のように、可聴範囲内で周波数ととも
に大きく変化するという問題があつた。また、従
来、チユーブの長さを数cmまで短かくしたものも
一部見受けられるが、それでもチユーブの長さが
長いこと、チユーブがビニール等の軟質の材料で
あること、チユーブの肉厚が薄いこと、プローブ
本体がプラスチツクなどの軟質材であることなど
の理由から機械的共振点が低く、可聴周波数の範
囲で依然として音圧特性、位相差特性に大きなピ
ーク値がみられるという問題点があつた。したが
つて、従来のプローブでは、人間の鼓膜の微細な
周波数特性を測定することができなかつた。
「問題点を解決するための手段」
本発明は上述のような問題点を解決するために
なされたもので、プローブ本体内の２つの音導孔
のうちいずれか一方にエアポンプを結合して外耳
道を加圧または減圧し、可聴範囲の発振信号をイ
ヤホンで一定音圧の音に変換して前記プローブ本
体内の一方の音導孔を通り外耳道に供給し、プロ
ーブ本体内のマイクロホンにより外耳道の音圧変
化と、マイクロホンとイヤホンの位相差とを測定
するようにした中耳動特性測定用プローブにおい
て、前記プローブ本体は、硬質で、かつ肉厚の厚
い材料を用い、長さを外耳道に装着できる範囲内
で可及的に短かく形成し、このプローブ本体に直
接音導孔を穿設してなるものである。
「作用」
周波数0.1〜2.0KHzの範囲で変化する発振器か
らの正弦波の信号はアンプで増幅され、プローブ
本体内のイヤホンで一定音圧の音に変換され一方
の音導孔を通り外耳道内に導かれる。また、エア
ポンプをプローブ本体の一方また他方の音導孔を
通り外耳道内に連通して＋20dapa〜−200dapaの
範囲で加圧または減圧する。そしてプローブ本体
内のマイクロホンにより外耳道内の音圧変化を測
定するとともに、イヤホンとマイクロホンの位相
差を測定する。
「実施例」
以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基づき説明す
る。
第１図において、１はプローブ本体で、このプ
ローブ本体１は、金属、セラミツクなどの硬質材
料からなり、先端の外耳道挿入部２が円筒形で、
途中から円錐部３となる形状をなし、全体で約19
mmの長さである。前記外耳道挿入部２の外径は、
約３〜４mmφをなし、内部に中心壁４で隔離され
た半円形の２個の音導孔５，６が形成され、この
音導孔５，６の内径は約２〜３mmφである。一方
の音導孔５は長さ約14mmの位置で、直角に屈折
し、円錐部３のマイクロホン取付孔７と連通し、
このマイクロホン取付孔７はマイクロホン８を取
付けた後、樹脂、ガラス等でモールド９される。
他方の音導孔６は基端部まで貫通してイヤホン１
０に連通するとともに、途中の円錐部３でエア孔
１１が分岐穿設され、音響フイルタ１５入りのエ
ア管１２が連結されている。なお、エア孔１１は
一方の音導孔５でもよい。
前記イヤホン１０は全体をカバー１３で被覆
し、かつモールド１４されている。また、イヤホ
ン１０とマイクロホン８は第５図にに示した音圧
と位相差の測定回路に接続され、エア管１２はエ
アポンプに結合されている。
以上のように構成されたプローブ１６は、外耳
道挿入部２の外周に耳詮１７を取付け、被検者の
外耳道１８に挿入されて測定する。１９は鼓膜で
ある。測定するには、まず、第５図に示す測定回
路の発振器２０から周波数ｆを調整手段（21）に
て0.1〜2.0KHzの範囲で変化せしめた正弦波形の
信号がパワーアンプ２２を通してプローブ本体１
内のイヤホン１０に送られ、このイヤホン１０で
一定音圧の音に変換されプローブ本体１の一方の
音導孔６を通り外耳道１８内に導びかれる。ま
た、エアポンプ２３からのエアがエア管１２、音
響フイルタ１５、プローブ本体１内の音導孔６を
通して外耳道１８へ供給され、この外耳道１８内
部を＋200dapaから−200dapaの範囲で加圧した
り減圧したりする。そして、プローブ本体１内の
マイクロホン８により外耳道１８内の音圧変化を
検出し、プリアンプ２４、フイルタ２５を介して
容積検出回路２６で測定するとともに、イヤホン
１０とマイクロホン８の位相差を位相差計２７で
測定する。これらの情報は一旦デジタルストレー
ジオシロスコプ２８に記憶され、その後Ｘ−Ｙレ
コーダ２９にに出力される。
なお、第５図中、３０は圧力計、３１は絶対音
圧変化（SPL）表示部、３２は周波数表示部、３
３は圧力表示部、３４は容積検出値表示部、３５
は位相差表示部である。
つぎに、本発明によるプローブ本体１が何故第
１図に示すような形状で、かつ硬質の材料で形成
しなればならないか、この理論的裏付について説
明する。
外耳道挿入部であるプローブ本体１を、片持染
と考えると、この場合の固有１次周波数f1は、
となる。ここに、ｌ、Ａ、Ｉはそれぞれプローブ
本体１の長さ、断面積、断面２次モーメントであ
り、Ｅ、ρはそれぞれ材料のヤン率、密度であ
る。
上記式において、
とすると、ｋは定数であるから、f1が少なくとも
測定周数以上、具体的に2000Hz以上となるよう
に、
"Industrial Application Field" The present invention relates to a probe for measuring middle ear dynamic characteristics that can measure minute changes in middle ear dynamic characteristics. ``Prior art'' Conventionally, this type of probe for measuring middle ear dynamic characteristics has three stainless steel pipes inserted into the external auditory canal, which are inserted into the external auditory canal. They were connected and communicated with a microphone, a probe earphone, and a stimulation earphone, respectively, and a pressure tube was branched and communicated with the tube connected to the stimulation earphone. ``Problems to be Solved by the Invention'' However, conventional probes use a fairly long tube measuring 15 to 22 cm between the insertion part of the ear canal and the microphone or earphone. The theoretical characteristics of sound pressure in an acoustic tube with one end closed are the solid line characteristics in Figure 3.
It is desirable that the theoretical characteristic of the phase difference increases linearly with respect to frequency changes, as shown by the solid line characteristic A 2 in FIG . However, in the case of the conventional type in which long tubes are connected, the acoustic resonance inside the tubes is low, so the sound pressure measurement curve is as shown by the dotted line C1 in Figure 3, and the phase difference characteristic is as shown in Figure 4. There was a problem in that the dotted line characteristic C 2 of C 2 changes significantly with frequency within the audible range. In addition, some tube lengths have been shortened to several centimeters, but the length of the tube is still long, the tube is made of a soft material such as vinyl, and the wall thickness of the tube is thin. In addition, because the probe body is made of soft material such as plastic, the mechanical resonance point is low, and there is a problem that large peak values are still seen in the sound pressure characteristics and phase difference characteristics in the audible frequency range. . Therefore, conventional probes have not been able to measure the minute frequency characteristics of the human eardrum. "Means for Solving the Problems" The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and includes connecting an air pump to either one of the two sound guide holes in the probe body to connect the air pump to one of the two sound guide holes in the probe body. The oscillation signal in the audible range is converted into sound at a constant sound pressure using an earphone, and the sound is supplied to the external auditory canal through one of the sound guide holes in the probe main body. In a probe for measuring middle ear dynamic characteristics that measures pressure changes and phase differences between a microphone and an earphone, the probe body is made of a hard and thick material and has a length that can be attached to the ear canal. The probe body is formed to be as short as possible within the range, and a sound guide hole is directly drilled in the probe body. ``Operation'' The sine wave signal from the oscillator, which varies in the frequency range of 0.1 to 2.0 KHz, is amplified by an amplifier, converted into sound with a constant sound pressure by the earphone inside the probe body, and passes through one sound guide hole into the ear canal. be guided. Further, an air pump is communicated into the external auditory canal through one or the other sound guide hole of the probe body to pressurize or reduce the pressure in the range of +20 dapa to -200 dapa. The microphone inside the probe body measures changes in sound pressure within the ear canal, and also measures the phase difference between the earphone and the microphone. "Example" Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. In FIG. 1, 1 is a probe body, and this probe body 1 is made of a hard material such as metal or ceramic, and the external auditory canal insertion part 2 at the tip is cylindrical.
It has a shape that becomes a conical part 3 from the middle, and the total length is about 19
The length is mm. The outer diameter of the external auditory canal insertion portion 2 is:
Two semicircular sound guide holes 5 and 6 are formed inside the sound guide hole 5 and 6, which have a diameter of about 3 to 4 mm and are separated by a center wall 4, and the inner diameter of the sound guide holes 5 and 6 is about 2 to 3 mm. One sound guide hole 5 is bent at a right angle at a position of about 14 mm in length, and communicates with the microphone mounting hole 7 of the conical part 3.
After the microphone 8 is attached to the microphone attachment hole 7, it is molded 9 with resin, glass, or the like.
The other sound guide hole 6 penetrates to the base end and connects the earphone 1.
0, and an air hole 11 is branched at the conical portion 3 in the middle, and an air pipe 12 containing an acoustic filter 15 is connected thereto. Note that the air hole 11 may be one of the sound guide holes 5. The earphone 10 is entirely covered with a cover 13 and molded 14. Further, the earphone 10 and the microphone 8 are connected to a sound pressure and phase difference measurement circuit shown in FIG. 5, and the air pipe 12 is connected to an air pump. The probe 16 configured as described above has an ear cuff 17 attached to the outer periphery of the external auditory canal insertion portion 2, and is inserted into the external auditory canal 18 of the subject for measurement. 19 is the eardrum. To perform the measurement, first, a sinusoidal waveform signal whose frequency f is varied in the range of 0.1 to 2.0 KHz by the adjusting means (21) is sent from the oscillator 20 of the measurement circuit shown in FIG. 5 to the probe body 1 through the power amplifier 22.
The sound is sent to the earphone 10 inside the earphone 10, where it is converted into sound at a constant sound pressure, and guided into the ear canal 18 through the sound guide hole 6 on one side of the probe body 1. Also, air from the air pump 23 is supplied to the external auditory canal 18 through the air tube 12, the acoustic filter 15, and the sound guide hole 6 in the probe body 1, and pressurizes or depressurizes the inside of the external auditory canal 18 in the range of +200 dapa to -200 dapa. do. Then, a change in sound pressure in the ear canal 18 is detected by the microphone 8 in the probe body 1, and measured by a volume detection circuit 26 via a preamplifier 24 and a filter 25, and the phase difference between the earphone 10 and the microphone 8 is measured by a phase difference meter. Measure at 27. This information is temporarily stored in the digital storage oscilloscope 28 and then output to the XY recorder 29. In Fig. 5, 30 is a pressure gauge, 31 is an absolute sound pressure change (SPL) display section, 32 is a frequency display section, and 3
3 is a pressure display section, 34 is a volume detection value display section, 35
is a phase difference display section. Next, the theoretical basis for why the probe body 1 according to the present invention must have the shape shown in FIG. 1 and be made of a hard material will be explained. If we consider the probe body 1, which is the insertion part of the ear canal, to be cantilevered, the natural primary frequency f 1 in this case is: becomes. Here, l, A, and I are the length, cross-sectional area, and second moment of area of the probe body 1, respectively, and E and ρ are the Young's modulus and density of the material, respectively. In the above formula, Then, since k is a constant, so that f 1 is at least the number of measurement cycles or more, specifically 2000Hz or more,
【式】をできるだけ大きい値 とすることが必要である。このことから、 (1) １／l2が大きいこと、つまり長さができるだけ 短かいこと、 (2)It is necessary to set [Formula] to a value as large as possible. From this, (1) 1/l 2 is large, that is, the length is as short as possible, (2)
【式】が大きいこと、つまり密度ρが小
さく、かつヤング率Ｅが大きい硬質の材料であ
ること、
(3)(3)
【式】が大きいこと、つまり肉厚が厚い
こと、が要求される。
これらの要求を満足するように本発明のプロー
ブは構成されているものである。
「発明の効果」
本発明は上述のように構成したので、連続加振
周波数に対する人間の鼓膜の微細なな絶対音圧変
化を絶対位相差を測定できる。ちなみに、本発明
によるプローブの一方端が閉じられた音響管での
動特性は第３図の鎖線で示す音圧特性B1および
第４図の鎖線で示す位相差特性B2から明らかな
ように、理論値と極めてよく一致している。
また、第６図は、本発明のプローブを用いて正
常な鼓膜を有する人間の耳を測定した場合におけ
る音圧特性、第７図は同じく位相差特性である。[Formula] is required to be large, that is, the wall thickness is required to be thick. The probe of the present invention is constructed to satisfy these requirements. "Effects of the Invention" Since the present invention is configured as described above, it is possible to measure minute absolute sound pressure changes in the human eardrum with respect to continuous excitation frequencies by measuring the absolute phase difference. Incidentally, the dynamic characteristics of the probe according to the present invention in an acoustic tube with one end closed are as clear from the sound pressure characteristic B 1 shown by the chain line in Fig. 3 and the phase difference characteristic B 2 shown by the chain line in Fig. 4. , which is in excellent agreement with the theoretical value. Further, FIG. 6 shows the sound pressure characteristics when a human ear with a normal eardrum is measured using the probe of the present invention, and FIG. 7 similarly shows the phase difference characteristics.
第１図は本発明による中耳動特性測定用プロー
ブの一実施例を示す断面図、第２図は同上Ａ−Ａ
線断面図、第３図は音圧の片端が閉じられた音響
管での特性図、第４図は片端が閉じられた音響管
での位相差の特性図、第５図は測定回路図、第６
図は人間の耳での音圧特性図、第７図は人間の耳
での位相差特性図である。
１……プローブ本体、２……外耳道挿入部、３
……円錐部、４……中心壁、５，６……音導孔、
７……マイクロホン取付孔、８……マイクロホ
ン、９……モールド、１０……イヤホン、１１…
…エア孔、１２……エア管、１３……カバー、１
４……モールド、１５……音響フイルタ、１６…
…プローブ、１７……耳栓、１８……外耳道、１
９……鼓膜。
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the probe for measuring middle ear dynamic characteristics according to the present invention, and FIG.
Line sectional view, Figure 3 is a characteristic diagram of sound pressure in an acoustic tube with one end closed, Figure 4 is a characteristic diagram of phase difference in an acoustic tube with one end closed, Figure 5 is a measurement circuit diagram, 6th
The figure is a sound pressure characteristic diagram for the human ear, and FIG. 7 is a phase difference characteristic diagram for the human ear. 1... Probe body, 2... Ear canal insertion part, 3
... Conical part, 4 ... Center wall, 5, 6 ... Sound guide hole,
7...Microphone mounting hole, 8...Microphone, 9...Mold, 10...Earphone, 11...
...Air hole, 12...Air pipe, 13...Cover, 1
4...Mold, 15...Acoustic filter, 16...
...Probe, 17...Earplugs, 18...Earth canal, 1
9... Eardrum.
Claims (1)
か一方にエアポンプを結合して外耳道を加圧また
は減圧し、可聴範囲の発振信号をイヤホンで一定
音圧の音に変換して前記プローブ本体内の一方の
音導孔を通り外耳道に供給し、プローブ本体内の
マイクロホンにより外耳道の音圧変化とマイクロ
ホンとイヤホンの位相差とを測定するようにした
中耳動特性測定用プローブにおいて、前記プロー
ブ本体は、硬質で、かつ肉厚の厚い材料を用い、
長さを外耳道に装着できる範囲内で可及的に短か
く形成し、このプローブ本体に直接音導孔を穿設
してなることを特徴とする中耳動特性測定用プロ
ーブ。 ２ イヤホンに連通する音導孔とマイクロホンに
連通する音導孔とは中央に隔壁をもつて対向する
半円孔からなる特許請求の範囲第１項記載の中耳
動特性測定用プローブ。 ３ プローブ本体は、ステンレススチール、鉄ま
たはセラミツクからなる特許請求の範囲第１項記
載の中耳動特性測定用プローブ。 ４ プローブ本体は、音導孔の長さを10〜30mmと
した特許請求の範囲第１項記載の中耳動特性測定
用プローブ。[Claims] 1. An air pump is connected to either one of the two sound guide holes in the probe body to pressurize or depressurize the external auditory canal, and an oscillation signal in the audible range is converted into sound at a constant sound pressure using earphones. for measuring dynamic characteristics of the middle ear. In the probe, the probe body is made of a hard and thick material,
A probe for measuring dynamic characteristics of the middle ear, characterized in that the length is as short as possible within a range that can be installed in the external auditory canal, and a sound guide hole is directly bored in the probe body. 2. The probe for measuring middle ear dynamic characteristics according to claim 1, wherein the sound guide hole communicating with the earphone and the sound guide hole communicating with the microphone are semicircular holes facing each other with a partition wall in the center. 3. The probe for measuring middle ear dynamic characteristics according to claim 1, wherein the probe body is made of stainless steel, iron, or ceramic. 4. The probe for measuring middle ear dynamic characteristics according to claim 1, wherein the probe body has a sound guide hole having a length of 10 to 30 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25788087A JPH0199531A (en) | 1987-10-13 | 1987-10-13 | Probe for measuring dynamic behavior of auris media |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25788087A JPH0199531A (en) | 1987-10-13 | 1987-10-13 | Probe for measuring dynamic behavior of auris media |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0199531A JPH0199531A (en) | 1989-04-18 |
| JPH037369B2 true JPH037369B2 (en) | 1991-02-01 |
Family
ID=17312466
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25788087A Granted JPH0199531A (en) | 1987-10-13 | 1987-10-13 | Probe for measuring dynamic behavior of auris media |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0199531A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112816940B (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2023-06-06 | 中国船舶重工集团有限公司第七一0研究所 | Target distance estimation method and device based on sound pressure and particle vibration velocity |
-
1987
- 1987-10-13 JP JP25788087A patent/JPH0199531A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0199531A (en) | 1989-04-18 |
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