JPH0367883B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) This invention relates to a spiked tire, and more particularly, when a car is normally running, the spike pins are pushed into the tire by being pressed against the road surface, causing it to suddenly stop. Sudden acceleration, such as when starting suddenly or starting on a slope,
To provide a spiked tire capable of exhibiting a spike effect by keeping the tips of the spike pins protruding from the tread surface due to resistance with the road surface during braking.

(Prior art and its problems) Spiked tires are snow tires or the like with spikes installed in order to ensure safe driving performance of automobiles on snowy roads and ice-covered roads.

However, when a car equipped with spiked tires is driven on a road where the snow or ice has melted and the road surface is exposed, a problem arises in that the spike pins scrape the road surface. This scraped dust flies into the atmosphere and causes air pollution.

Further, the dust contains harmful heavy metals such as cadmium and lead, which are harmful to the human body. Furthermore, road markings such as crossing strips drawn on the road surface are scratched off by spike pins, making them unclear and dangerous, and when the snow melts, the markings need to be redrawn, which requires a huge amount of money. .
In addition, the road surface is scraped, tire treads are created, and other damage occurs to the road, resulting in high repair costs and becoming a major social problem.

Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventor invented and filed Japanese Patent Application No. 58-62540 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 59-186704). This invention allows the tip of the spike pin to remain protruding from the tread surface due to resistance from the road surface only when the spike pin is about to slip on a frozen road, such as when suddenly stopping, starting suddenly, or starting on a slope. On the other hand, under normal driving conditions, the spike pins are pressed against the road surface and immersed into the tire.

That is, as shown in FIG. 8, an elastic body 3 made of a material such as rubber is arranged inside the cylinder 2, and a hole 3a formed in the center of the elastic body 3 is inserted into the spike pin 5.
The shaft 5a passes through it. The rear end of the spike pin 5 is fixed to the bottom surface 2a of the cylinder 2 to prevent it from coming off. Further, an enlarged-diameter neck portion 6 is formed at the tip of the spike pin 5, and this enlarged-diameter neck portion 6 is positioned to protrude beyond the tip opening of the cylinder 2. For this reason, when a deforming force is applied to the tire surface, the enlarged diameter neck portion 6 of the spike pin 5 engages with the open edge of the cylinder 2 and becomes in a protruding state.

Therefore, in the invention shown in FIG. 8, when a sudden stop occurs, the enlarged diameter neck of the spike pin swings and engages the opening edge of the cylinder, and when it returns to normal running, the spike pin moves to the center of the cylinder ( It is important to return to and exit from the position (along the axis of the cylinder). However, since the weight of the vehicle acts in the direction in which the spike pin 5 moves in and out, and the kinetic energy and thrust of the vehicle body act in the direction in which the spike pin 5 swings, a large force is applied, making it important to adjust the direction in which the spike pin 5 swings. However, when adjusting the swing of the spike pin 5 using rubber as an elastic body as in the past, the rubber gets caught between the jaws of the enlarged diameter neck and the opening edge of the cylinder, causing problems in terms of durability and stability. There is a point.

Therefore, in this invention, the spike pin engages and maintains the protruding state when stopping suddenly, starting suddenly, or starting on a slope, and when the vehicle returns to normal driving, the spike pin returns to the center of the cylinder. In order to allow the spike pin to move in and out, only the coil spring is used as an elastic body to allow the spike pin to move in and out and swing.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a spiked tire that can reliably perform two exercises.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above problems, the present invention includes the following configuration.

That is, a cylinder is embedded in the tire so that one end is open on the tire ground contact surface, an inwardly extending portion extending in the axial direction of the cylinder, an enlarged diameter neck portion is formed at the tip end in the direction of the ground contact surface, and a rear end is formed. A spike pin is formed with an enlarged portion at the rear end portion, the enlarged portion at the rear end portion is fixed to the inwardly extending portion to prevent it from coming off, and the spike pin is configured to move freely forward and backward and swing within the cylinder. A biasing means is provided for biasing the diameter-enlarged neck portion to protrude from the open edge of the cylinder, and the spike pin located at the ground-contacting portion during normal driving resists the biasing force of the biasing device due to the weight of the vehicle and the cylinder. When a horizontal component of force is applied to the spike pin that is about to be pushed into the cylinder due to braking and acceleration, the spike pin swings and the jaws of the enlarged diameter neck engage with the opening edge of the cylinder. In a spike tire in which the neck portion with an enlarged diameter is held in a state protruding from the ground contact surface of the tire, the biasing means is a conical coil spring 30.
The large diameter side of the coil spring 30 is provided so as to come into contact with the inwardly extending portion (extending portion 16) and the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder, and the small diameter side is provided so as to contact the enlarged diameter neck portion 22 of the spike pin 32. It is characterized in that it comes into contact with the jaw portion 22a.

(Embodiments) Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the spike.

The overall reference numeral 10 is a spike. A flange portion 14 is formed at the upper end of a cylindrical cylinder 12 constituting this spike 10. A flange-shaped inwardly extending portion 16 extending toward the axis of the cylinder 12 is formed in the middle of the inner side of the cylinder 12 . Then, the shaft 18 penetrates through the hole 16a formed in the center of this extending portion 16,
At the upper end of the shaft 18, an enlarged portion 20 is formed to prevent the shaft from coming off. Further, a large diameter enlarged neck portion 22 is formed at the lower end of the shaft 18, and a protrusion 24 is further formed at the center of the lower surface of this diameter enlarged neck portion 22. In addition, the enlarged portion 2 to the upper end of the shaft 18
0 may be attached by screwing or welding.

The lower surface of the extension portion 16 and the jaw portion 2 of the enlarged diameter neck portion 22
A coil spring 30 is arranged between the top surface of the spring 2a and the top surface of the spring 2a. The coil spring 30 is formed into a conical shape, the outer diameter of the upper end is approximately equal to the inner diameter of the cylinder 12, and the coil spring 30 is in contact with the lower surface of the extending portion 16 and the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder 12. Also, coil spring 3
0 is formed so as to be in contact with the inner wall surface of the cylinder 12 from the upper end to the middle part. On the other hand, the inner diameter of the small diameter portion at the lower end of the coil spring 30 is approximately equal to that of the shaft 18, and is wound around the jaw of the enlarged diameter neck portion 22 of the spike pin 32. Further, the jaw portion 22a of the enlarged diameter neck portion 22 is located slightly below the opening edge 12a of the cylinder 12.

The shaft 18, the enlarged portion 20, and the enlarged diameter neck portion 22
and the protrusion 24 constitute a spike pin 32.

The spikes 10 are provided so as to be recessed into the tire 34. A large number of tires are mounted so that a part of the enlarged diameter neck portion 22 and the protrusion 24, or only the protrusion 24, protrudes from the trest surface of the tire 34.

Next, the operation of the spiked tire of the present invention will be explained.

In normal running conditions, as shown in FIG. 2, when the spike pin 32 is located at the lowest end,
The spike pin 32 sinks into the cylinder 12 against the biasing force of the coil spring 30 due to the weight of the vehicle body.

In this case, since the coil spring 30 is formed to have approximately the same inner diameter as the cylinder 12 up to the middle portion, the shaft 18 of the spike pin 32 is always urged to be located at the center of the coil spring 30. Moreover, the spike pin 32 is pushed into the cylinder 12 smoothly. That is, the shaft 18 is positioned along the axis of the cylinder 12 by the coil spring 30, and the spike pin 32 can be moved in and out in this state.

When the spike pin 32 is released from contact with the road surface, it is urged by the coil spring 30 and protrudes from the tread surface.

On the other hand, a state in which the brakes are applied while driving on a road covered with ice and snow will be explained with reference to FIG. This drawing shows a state in which the brakes are applied while the vehicle is traveling from right to left in the drawing.

When the brakes are applied to a car, the rotation speed of the tires suddenly decreases, and at the same time the tread surface of the tire is pushed backwards and the spike pin 3 is deformed.
A horizontal component force is added to 2. Along with this, the coil spring 30 is also pressed by the shaft 18 and deforms. At the same time, the jaw portion 22 of the enlarged diameter neck portion 22
a is engaged with the opening edge 12a of the cylinder 12, and the enlarged diameter neck portion 22 and protrusion portion 24 slightly protrude from the tread surface of the tire and bite into the frozen road surface or snow-packed surface to prevent slipping (see FIG. 3).

When the normal running condition returns, the force exerted by the spike pin 32 on the ice and snow surface is released, and the restoring force of the deformed coil spring 30 quickly returns the shaft 18 to the center.

That is, in a normal running condition, the spike pin 32 when not in contact with the road surface is biased by the coil spring 30, and the protrusion 24 at the tip of the spike pin 32 protrudes from the tread surface of the tire. On the other hand, when the spike pin 32 is in contact with the road surface, the protrusion 24 of the spike pin 32 is pressed against the road surface and sinks into the cylinder 12 against the biasing force of the coil spring 30.

FIG. 4 shows a modification of the above embodiment.

In this modification, the coil spring 30 is formed into a truncated cone shape. The other configurations are the same as those of the above embodiment.

Moreover, FIG. 5 shows another embodiment.

In this embodiment, the opening edge 12a of the cylinder 12
A bulging portion 13 is formed by bulging out in the outer circumferential direction. This configuration prevents the opening edge 12a of the cylinder 12 from tilting due to the horizontal component force applied to the opening edge 12a of the cylinder 12 when the jaw portion 22a of the enlarged diameter neck portion 22 engages with the opening edge 12a of the cylinder 12. This is to prevent The other configurations are the same as those of the above embodiment, and the same operations and effects are achieved.

Furthermore, FIG. 6 shows a modification of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 above.

That is, the stepped portion 1 is formed on the inner edge of the portion formed by the opening edge 12a and the bulging portion 13 of the cylinder 12.
3a is formed. And this stepped portion 15
When the brake is applied, the jaw portion 22a of the expanded diameter neck portion 22 engages with the stepped portion 15a, and the expanded diameter neck portion 22
The aim is to protect the The other configurations are the same as those of the above embodiment, and the same operations and effects are achieved.

FIG. 7 shows another embodiment.

In this embodiment, the lower end of the coil spring 30 is positioned to engage with the middle part of the shaft 18. That is, a receiving part 18a is formed in the middle part of the shaft 18 in the outer circumferential direction of the shaft 18, and this receiving part 18a
The lower end of the coil spring 30 is engaged with a. In this case, the outer diameter of the cylinder 12 can be made small. The other configurations are the same as those of the above embodiment, and the same operations and effects are achieved.

In addition, in each of the above embodiments, the spike pin 3
Although the protrusion 24 is integrally provided at the tip of the tip 2, a hard tip may be provided separately instead of the protrusion 24.

Although various preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. It goes without saying that many modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, the large diameter side of the conical coil spring is engaged with the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder, and the small diameter side is engaged with the jaw of the enlarged diameter neck of the spike pin. Since the swinging of the spike pin is adjusted through engagement, the spring structure allows the spike pin to be positioned at the center of the spike during normal driving conditions, allowing the spike pin to be pushed smoothly into the tire.

On the other hand, when a horizontal component of force is applied to the enlarged diameter neck of the spike pin due to braking or acceleration such as when stopping suddenly, starting suddenly, or starting on a slope, the enlarged diameter neck of the spike pin engages with the opening edge of the cylinder. It becomes a protruding state and can exert a spike effect.

Further, there is a significant effect that an elastic body such as rubber is not pinched between the jaw of the enlarged diameter neck and the opening edge of the cylinder as in the conventional case.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the spike, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the normal running condition with the spike attached to the tire, and Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional explanatory view showing the operation of the spike when the brake is applied while driving. , FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a spike showing a modified example, FIGS. 5 to 7 are longitudinal sectional views of spikes showing other embodiments, and FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing a conventional spiked tire. 10...Spike, 12...Cylinder, 14...
...Flange part, 16... Extension part, 18... Shaft, 20... Enlarged part, 22... Expanded diameter neck part, 26...
...Regulation member, 30...Spring, 30...Coil spring, 32...Spike pin, 34...
tire.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A cylinder embedded in the tire so that one end is open on the tire ground contact surface, an inwardly extending portion toward the axis of the cylinder, and an enlarged diameter neck portion formed at the tip end in the direction of the ground contact surface. a spike pin, which has an enlarged portion formed at its rear end portion, and which locks the enlarged portion of the rear end portion to the inwardly extending portion to prevent it from slipping out, and freely moves back and forth and swings within the cylinder; The spike pin is provided with a biasing means for biasing the spike pin so that the diameter-enlarged neck portion protrudes from the open edge of the cylinder, and the spike pin located at the ground contact portion during normal driving is affected by the biasing force of the biasing device due to the weight of the vehicle or the like. When a horizontal force is applied to the spike pin that is about to be pushed into the cylinder due to braking and acceleration, the spike pin swings and the jaws of the enlarged diameter neck are pushed into the cylinder. In a spike tire that engages with an opening edge and is held in a state in which the enlarged diameter neck protrudes from the tire ground contact surface, the biasing means is a conical coil spring,
The large diameter side of the coil spring is provided so as to come into contact with the inwardly extending portion and the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder,
A spike tire characterized in that the small diameter side of the spike pin is brought into contact with the jaw of the enlarged diameter neck of the spike pin.