JPH0366504A - Tool turret unit - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To ensure smooth and quick operation and high dividing accuracy in a simple structure by performing the dividing operation of a turret table, clamp operation and clutch operation of spindle rotation by a roller gear cam, a grooved cam and an outside diameter cam. CONSTITUTION:When an input shaft 18 is rotated, with a spindle stopped, a shaft 52 of a clutch main body 50 is retreated through an arm 55 engaged with a liner 54 by an outside diameter cam 56, and a clutch tooth 51 is separated from a clutch tooth of a spindle. Next an arm 13 is moved by a grooved cam 17 to push out a sleeve 5 through a shift guide 15 and a shift block 10, so that a claw coupling 6 is disconnected and the central shaft 3 is turned in a designated degree arc through a follower roller 26 by a roller gear cam. When a turret table 2 reaches a dividing position, the shaft 52 of the clutch main body 50 is returned to the engagement position with a clutch tooth of the spindle through the arm 55 by the outside diameter cam 56 and the sleeve 5 is drawn back through the arm 13 by the grooved cam 17 to connect the claw coupling 6. Thus, the rotation of the turret table 2 is restrained to transit to a cutting work by the next cutting tool.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a tool turret unit employed in a lathe or the like.

(Prior technology) Machine tools that are responsible for factory automation, such as numerically controlled lathes, milling machines, and machining centers, are equipped with a turret with multiple spindles arranged on the main shaft of the main body, and are used for various drilling and milling operations. There are some that perform processing etc. continuously.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, in such a device, when indexing, the turret is raised above the base as an indexing mechanism, such as a partially toothed gear, a pawl type, Geneva, etc. In the one using
Because it was not possible to completely eliminate backflash and the acceleration was discontinuous, the motion characteristics, stopping accuracy, and indexing accuracy were unsatisfactory.

Note that there are systems in which the indexing and clamping operations of the turret are performed by a hydraulic mechanism, but this requires a complicated structure and increases the size of the device.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve these problems, the present invention includes a turret table that can rotate on a base surface via a central axis, and a predetermined interval on the same circumference of the turret table. A plurality of spindles arranged through the turret table, a sleeve that can freely slide on the central axis of the turret table, a mating joint formed on the opposing circumferential surfaces of the sleeve, the base, and the turret table, and a sleeve that can freely slide on the stepped small diameter part of the sleeve. A ring-shaped shift block,
a spring means interposed between the shift block and biasing the sleeve so that the meshing joint meshes with the shift block; and a coupling cam that drives the sleeve so that the meshing joint separates via an arm that engages with the shift block. A plurality of follower rollers arranged around the outer periphery of the center axis of the turret table, a roller gear cam that engages with these rollers and rotates the turret table by a predetermined angle when the meshing joint is separated, and the rear end of the spindle of the turret table. a clutch body having clutch teeth formed in the shape and clutch teeth opposing the clutch teeth at a predetermined position;
A liner that can be moved in the axial direction together with the shaft of the clutch body, and an outer diameter cam that drives the shaft of the clutch body in the direction of connection with the clutch teeth of the spindle when the meshing joint is engaged, through an arm that engages the liner. The cam, roller gear cam, and outer diameter cam are mounted on the same input shaft.

(Operation) When the input shaft rotates with the spindle stopped rotating, the shaft of the clutch body moves backward via the arm that engages the liner with the outer diameter cam, and its clutch teeth separate from the clutch teeth of the spindle. .

Next, the sleeve slides along the central axis in a direction that is lifted above the base surface via the arm that engages with the shift block by the cam, and the meshing joint between the base and the turret table is separated. In this state, the central shaft is rotated by a predetermined angle by the roller gear cam via the follower roller. and,
When the turret table reaches a predetermined index position, the shaft of the clutch body is returned to the engagement position with the clutch teeth of the spindle by the outer diameter cam via the arm, and the sleeve is pulled back via the arm by the grooved cam and engaged. The fittings join together.

<Embodiment> In FIG. 1.2, 1 is a box-shaped base, 2 is a turret table, and the turret table 2 is rotatably supported on the surface of the base 1 via a central axis 3.

A sleeve 5 is fitted onto the outer periphery of the central shaft 3 of the turret tape 2 via a stroke bearing 4 so as to be able to freely slide in the axial direction, and the sleeve 5 engages with the opposing circumferential surfaces of the turret table 2 and the base in a ring gear-like manner. A joint 6 is formed.

A stroke bearing 7 that freely supports the sleeve 5 and a guide pin 8 that prevents the sleeve 5 from rotating are provided between the sleeve 5 and the base 1.

A ring-shaped shift block 10 that can freely slide is fitted on the outer periphery of the sleeve 5 in a stepped small diameter portion 9 located inside the base 1, and the shift block 1o and a nut 11 at the rear end of the sleeve 5 are fitted.
A disc spring 12 is interposed between the sleeves 5 and 6 to draw the sleeve 5 in the direction in which the meshing joint 6 engages.

A pair of arms 13 are disposed on both sides of the central axis 3, and each arm 13 is rotatably supported at one end by the base 1 via a pin 14. Reference numeral 15 denotes a semi-cylindrical shift guide surrounding the lower outer periphery of the central shaft 3. One end of the shift guide 15 is connected to the middle part of each arm 13, and the other end is connected to both sides of the shift block 10 via pins 15A and 15B, respectively. be done.

A roller 16 is attached to the other end of each arm 13, and a grooved cam 17 for clamping that engages with the roller 16 and swings the arm 13 is attached to an input shaft 18 arranged perpendicular to the central axis 3. keyed.

As the input shaft 18 rotates, the grooved cam 17 moves the arm 13 in the direction of the arrow in FIG.
, the sleeve 5 is pushed out via the shift block 10, and the meshing joint 6 is spaced apart.

20 is a bearing plate provided at the bottom of the base 1, 21 is a disc spring that regulates the sliding movement of the center shaft 3, 22 is a nut that adjusts the gap l between the turret table 2 and the base 1, and the bearing plate 20 and the disc A thrust bearing 23 is interposed between the spring 21 and the nut 22, respectively.

On the other hand, a plurality of follower rollers 26 are arranged on the outer periphery of the boss portion 25 on a concentric circle at equal intervals on the central shaft 3, and these rollers 2
A roller gear cam 59 that engages with the input shaft 18 and rotates the turret table 2 intermittently at a predetermined number of indexes via the central shaft 3 is keyed to the input shaft 18 between the grooved cams 17 .

The cam shape of the roller gear cam 59 is formed by the lead 27 and rotates the follower roller 26 once with one revolution of the input shaft 18.
While the roller 26 is fed out by a pitch, the roller 26 is kept stationary for a predetermined period of time.

By the way, as shown in FIG. 3, on the turret table 2, a plurality of spindles 28, bite holders 29, and hole bar holders 30 are arranged at equal angular intervals. In addition, FIG. 4 is a front view of the turret table 2, where 32 is a mounting hole for the spindle 28 arranged on the same circumference, and 33 is a mounting hole located inside the mounting hole 32 for the spindle 28 and also on the same circumference. Figure 5.6 shows the mounting holes for the tool holder 29 and boring bar holder 30 arranged above, and also shows the straight type and right angle type spindles 28A, 2.
8B, FIG. 7.8 is a side view of the horizontal and vertical tool holders 29A and 29B, and FIG. 9 is a sectional view of the boring bar holder 30. A boss portion 36 is provided to protrude and fit into.

Then, insert the boss parts 36 of the spindle 28, the two tool holders, and the boring bar holder 30 into the mounting holes 32 and 33 of the turret table 2, insert the key 41 into the key hole 40 on the outer periphery of the table 2, and tighten the bolt 42. It can be removed by stopping it. In addition, boss part 3
Positioning tooth surfaces 43 that mesh with each other are formed on a part of the outer periphery of the key 6 and the key 41.

Here, the straight spindle 28A has one shaft passing through the casing 44, and the right angle spindle 28B has three shafts connected via a gear 45, and the tips of these spindles 28 are equipped with a drill or the like. A collet chuck 46 is provided for mounting tools.

A clutch tooth 47 is formed at the rear end of each spindle 28, and a clutch main body 50 that is selectively connected to the spindle 28 at a predetermined position is disposed in the base 1 (opposed to the clutch tooth 47).
See Figures 1 and 2>.

The clutch body 50 has a shaft 52 with clutch teeth 51 connected to its tip, which is interposed in a liner 54 through a bearing 53.The liner 54 is supported through a rail 69 so as to be movable over a predetermined stroke integrally with the shaft 52. Ru.

One end of an arm 55 is engaged with a hole on the outer periphery of the liner 54,
A roller 57 that swings on an outer diameter cam 56 is attached to the other end of the arm 55. Note that the arm 55 is rotatably supported by the base 1 at an intermediate portion via a pin 58.

The outer diameter cam 56 moves the liner 54 via the arm 55 so that the clutch teeth 51 of the clutch body 50 mesh with the clutch teeth 47 of the spindle 28 when the meshing joint 6 is engaged. It is formed on the outer periphery of the wheel of the grooved cam 17.

A pulley 63 is attached to the rear end of the shaft 52 of the clutch body 50 and is connected to a pulley 61 of an electric motor 60 via a belt 62. When the clutch teeth 47 and 51 are engaged, the electric motor 60
rotation is transmitted to the spindle 28.

In addition, the lecture cam 17, the roller gear cam 59, the outer diameter cam 56
rotates together with the input shaft 18, but rotates the turret table 2 when the meshing joint 6 is in the separated state, and moves the clutch body 50 to the engaged position when the meshing joint 6 is in the engaged state. Thus, the lift period of the rear cam 17 and the outer diameter cam 56 and the dwell period of the roller gear cam 59 are set. FIG. 10 shows a characteristic diagram of the cam 17.59.56.

Further, a step motor or the like that rotates once in response to a single human power signal is connected to the input shaft 18 via a pulley 65, and a predetermined notch 66 is formed on the outer circumference of the wheel of the grooved cam 17.
is formed, and a sensor 67 for detecting one rotation of the input shaft 18 is provided correspondingly. 68 is a bearing, and 7o is a seal that closes the gap between the turret table 2 and the base 1.

With this configuration, for example, when drilling is finished and the input shaft 18 rotates with the electric motor 60 stopped and the rotation of the spindle 28 stopped, the outer diameter cam 56 first engages the liner 54 via the arm 55. clutch body 5
0 shaft 52 moves backward, and its clutch teeth 51 separate from the clutch ff147 of the spindle 28 (see Fig. 10).Next, the arm 13 is moved by the gear cam 17, and the shift guide 15 and shift The sleeve 5 is pushed out in the direction of floating from the base 1 surface via the block 10, and the meshing joint 6 is separated.Furthermore, the Rollei cam 5
9, the central shaft 3 is rotated by a predetermined angle (30 degrees) via the follower roller 26. And turret table 2
When the clutch body 50 reaches a predetermined index position, the shaft 52 of the clutch body 50 is moved to the spindle 2 by the outer diameter cam 56 via the arm 55.
At the same time, the sleeve 5 is pulled back by the grooved cam 17 via the arm 13, and the meshing joint 6 is connected to restrain the rotation of the turret table 2. In this state, the cutting process is started using the next cutting tool.

In this way, the indexing operation and clamping operation of the turret table 2 and the clutch operation of the rotation of the spindle 28 are performed. Therefore, the five roller gear cams, the groove cam 17, and the outer diameter cam 56 provide accurate and smooth operating characteristics. can get.

By the way, in this case, the turret table 2 mainly uses the disc spring 2.
1 restricts the movement in the axial direction and allows the sleeve ridge to float even during indexing, making it possible to perform clean machining with various tools and reducing the load on the drive unit.

In addition, the device does not become more complicated or larger than when the indexing operation is performed using a hydraulic machine, and in particular, the roller gear cam 59, the rear cam 17, and the outer diameter cam 56 are arranged on the same shaft 18. This not only makes the device more compact, but also has the advantage of being easier to assemble and maintain.

Further, since the spindle 28 and the like can be removed from the turret table 2, the arrangement state can be changed to some extent depending on the processing purpose.

Note that since the sensor 67 for detecting the rotation of the input shaft 18 is provided, this detection signal can also be used to perform automatic control such as indexing.

(Effects of the Invention) In summary, according to the present invention, the indexing operation and clamping operation of the turret table, and the clutch operation for rotation of the spindle are performed by the roller gear cam, groove cam, and outer diameter cam, so that the operation is smooth and quick. characteristics are obtained,
High indexing accuracy can be ensured.

In addition, a freely sliding sleeve is provided on the center axis of the turret table, and the sleeve is driven by a clamping cam when the turret table is indexed, making it possible to restrict the turret table from moving in the axial direction. Since this is possible, the reliability and durability of the machine tool can be improved.

Furthermore, since each operation is performed by the cam mechanism, the structure can be simplified and miniaturized.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line A-A, and FIG.
Figure 4 is a front view of the turret table, Figures 5 and 6 are cross-sectional views of the straight spindle and straight spindle, respectively.
FIG. 7.8 is a side view of a horizontal tool holder and a vertical tool holder, FIG. 9 is a sectional view of a boring bar holder, and FIG. 10 is a characteristic diagram of a roller gear cam, a groove cam, and an outer diameter cam. 1...Base, 2...Turret table, 3...
Center shaft, 5...Sleeve, 6...Meshing joint, 9...
・Stepped small diameter part, 10...Shift block, 12...
Disc spring, 13.5... Arm, 16.57... Roller, 17... Wei cam, 18... Input shaft, 26...
・Following roller, 28...Spindle, 47.51...
・Clutch tooth, 50...Clutch body, 52...Shaft, 54...Liner, 56...Outer diameter cam, 59...
roller gear cam

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A turret table that can rotate on the base surface via a central axis, a plurality of spindles arranged at predetermined intervals on the same circumference of the turret table, and a sleeve that can freely slide on the central axis of the turret table. , a meshing joint formed on the opposing circumferential surfaces of the sleeve, base and turret table, a ring-shaped shift block that can freely slide on the stepped small diameter part of the sleeve, and a meshing joint interposed between the shift block. A spring means that urges the sleeves to mesh, a grooved cam that drives the sleeves so that the meshing joints are separated via an arm that engages with the shift block, and a plurality of grooves arranged around the outer periphery of the center axis of the turret table. A follower roller, a roller gear cam that engages with these rollers and rotates the turret table by a predetermined angle when the meshing joint is separated, a clutch tooth formed on the rear end of the spindle of the turret table, and a clutch tooth at a predetermined position. A clutch body with opposing clutch teeth, a liner that is movable in the axial direction integrally with the shaft of the clutch body, and an arm that engages the liner to connect the clutch to the clutch teeth of the spindle when the meshing joint is engaged. A tool turret unit characterized by being provided with an outer diameter cam that drives the shaft of the main body, and having a grooved cam, a roller gear cam, and an outer diameter cam attached to the same input shaft.