JPH0361017A - Control method and its device for injection pressure of injection molding machine - Google Patents
Control method and its device for injection pressure of injection molding machineInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0361017A JPH0361017A JP19558489A JP19558489A JPH0361017A JP H0361017 A JPH0361017 A JP H0361017A JP 19558489 A JP19558489 A JP 19558489A JP 19558489 A JP19558489 A JP 19558489A JP H0361017 A JPH0361017 A JP H0361017A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- filling
- injection
- mold
- time
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C45/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C45/77—Measuring, controlling or regulating of velocity or pressure of moulding material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C45/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C45/77—Measuring, controlling or regulating of velocity or pressure of moulding material
- B29C2045/776—Measuring, controlling or regulating of velocity or pressure of moulding material determining the switchover point to the holding pressure
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は射出成形機の射出圧力制御方法およびその装置
に関し、特に、ゴムなど比較的粘度の高い材料の射出成
形を行う際の射出圧力を充填工程に合わせて制御するの
に好適な射出成形機の射出圧力制御方法およびその装置
に関するものである。Detailed Description of the Invention [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an injection pressure control method and device for an injection molding machine, and in particular to a method for controlling injection pressure in injection molding of relatively high viscosity materials such as rubber. The present invention relates to an injection pressure control method for an injection molding machine suitable for controlling according to the filling process, and an apparatus therefor.
射出成形機において、従来、ゴムなど比較的粘度の高い
材料の射出成形を行う場合、粘度の低い樹脂などを射出
成形するのと異なり充填過程においても射出圧力制御を
行なっている。In an injection molding machine, conventionally, when injection molding a relatively high viscosity material such as rubber, injection pressure is controlled even during the filling process, unlike when injection molding a low viscosity resin or the like.
すなわち、充填開始時には高い射出圧力（−次射出圧力
）によって充填を行い、その後、射出圧力（二次射出圧
力）を低くして充填する制御が行われている。That is, control is performed to perform filling at a high injection pressure (secondary injection pressure) at the start of filling, and then to perform filling at a lower injection pressure (secondary injection pressure).
このような射出圧力の制御を行う場合には、射出成形時
の型締力を低（するために、充填完了時点はより低い射
出圧力で充填を完了させることが望まれている。When such injection pressure is controlled, it is desirable to complete filling at a lower injection pressure at the time of completion of filling in order to reduce the mold clamping force during injection molding.
これは、必要型締力（Ｆ）−射出圧力（Ｐ）×製品投影
面積（Ｓ）でおおむね見積もられることに起因する。This is due to the fact that it is roughly estimated by the required mold clamping force (F) - injection pressure (P) x product projected area (S).
しかし、従来の射出圧力制御では、充填完了時点を正確
に検出することが困難であり、充填完了時点に低い射出
圧力とするには、充填完了時点よりもかなり早い時点か
ら低い射出圧力としなければならない。However, with conventional injection pressure control, it is difficult to accurately detect the point at which filling is completed, and in order to achieve a low injection pressure at the point at which filling is completed, the injection pressure must be set to be low from a point much earlier than the point at which filling is completed. It won't happen.
このような射出圧力制御を採用すると、充填速度が指数
関数的に遅くなり、射出圧力の切替精度や材料粘度のロ
ット間の変動があることを考慮すると、充填完了時の射
出圧力を横端に変更することは困難である。When such injection pressure control is adopted, the filling speed slows down exponentially, and taking into consideration the injection pressure switching accuracy and the variation between lots of material viscosity, it is necessary to adjust the injection pressure at the end of filling to the side edge. Difficult to change.
本発明の目的は、充填完了時点に射出圧力を要求圧力に
変更することができる射出成形機の射出圧力制御方法お
よびその装置を提出することにある。An object of the present invention is to provide an injection pressure control method and device for an injection molding machine that can change the injection pressure to the required pressure at the time of completion of filling.
前記目的を達成するためにこの発明は、充填指令により
規定の射出圧力を創出成形機に与え、その後、成形型内
の圧力を監視して、ゲートに達する以前の所定の位置の
型内圧力と、この位置よりも前記ゲート側の位置の型内
圧力との差が充填完了時点に相当する圧力になったとき
に、射出成形機に対する射出圧力を充填完了時点の要求
圧力に変更する制御方法を採用したものである。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention applies a prescribed injection pressure to the creation molding machine according to a filling command, and then monitors the pressure inside the mold to compare it with the pressure inside the mold at a predetermined position before reaching the gate. , a control method for changing the injection pressure to the injection molding machine to the required pressure at the time of completion of filling when the difference between the in-mold pressure at a position closer to the gate than this position becomes a pressure corresponding to the time of completion of filling. This is what was adopted.
また、制御装置として成形壁のランナー内の型内圧力を
検出する圧力センサーと、これよりもゲート側の圧力を
検出する圧力センサーと、前記側圧カセンサの検出出力
を比較し、両者の差が充填完了時点に相当する圧力にな
ったときに切替指令を出力する切替指令回路と、充填指
令により規定の射出圧力を射出成形機に与え、この射出
圧力を切替指令により充填完了時点の要求圧力に変更す
る圧力調整回路とを具えた制御装置を構成したものでる
。In addition, as a control device, a pressure sensor that detects the pressure inside the mold in the runner of the molding wall, a pressure sensor that detects the pressure on the gate side from this, and the detection output of the side pressure sensor are compared, and the difference between the two is calculated. A switching command circuit outputs a switching command when the pressure reaches the point of completion, and a filling command gives the specified injection pressure to the injection molding machine, and the switching command changes this injection pressure to the required pressure at the time of filling completion. The controller is equipped with a pressure regulating circuit.
本発明は前記の構成を有しているので、成形型内の圧力
を検出する複数の圧力センサの検出出力を基に充填完了
時点を検出し、充填完了時点に射出圧力を要求圧力に変
更するようにしたため、充填速度を遅くすることなく充
填完了時点の射出圧力を要求圧力に変更することが可能
となる。Since the present invention has the above configuration, the filling completion point is detected based on the detection outputs of the plurality of pressure sensors that detect the pressure inside the mold, and the injection pressure is changed to the required pressure at the filling completion point. This makes it possible to change the injection pressure at the time of completion of filling to the required pressure without slowing down the filling speed.
〔実施例］ 以下、本発明の一実施例を図面に基づいて説明する。〔Example] Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.
第１図において、成形製１０は上型１１、下型１２を有
しており、これら上型１１と、下型１２との間にはディ
スク状のランナ１３、およびゲート１４が形成され、上
型１１にはスプル１５が形成されている。In FIG. 1, the molding product 10 has an upper mold 11 and a lower mold 12, and a disk-shaped runner 13 and a gate 14 are formed between the upper mold 11 and the lower mold 12, and the upper mold 10 has an upper mold 11 and a lower mold 12. A sprue 15 is formed in the mold 11.
そして上型１１の上部には射出成形機１６が配置されて
いる。An injection molding machine 16 is arranged above the upper mold 11.
この射出成形ｌ！１６は射出筒１７と射出シリンダ１８
から構成されている。This injection molding l! 16 is an injection tube 17 and an injection cylinder 18
It consists of
また、前記下型１２には複数の圧カセンサエ９．２０が
配置されている。Further, a plurality of pressure sensors 9 and 20 are arranged in the lower mold 12.
前記圧力センサ１９は成形製１ｏのランナ１３内のうち
の所定の位置の型内圧力を検出し、圧力センサ２０は、
前記圧力センサ１９よりもゲート１４例の型内圧力を検
出し、側圧カセンサ１９．２０の各検出出力は比較設定
器２１へ供給されるようになっている。The pressure sensor 19 detects the pressure inside the mold at a predetermined position within the runner 13 of the molded product 1o, and the pressure sensor 20
The pressure sensor 19 detects the pressure inside the mold at the gate 14, and the detection outputs of the side pressure sensors 19 and 20 are supplied to a comparison setting device 21.
前記比較設定器２１は、圧力センサＩ９．２゜からの検
出出力を取り込み、これら圧力センサ１９．２０の差が
充填完了時点に相当する圧力になったとき、例えば、側
圧カセンサ１９．２゜の検出出力が略等しくなったとき
に、充填完了時点として切替指令をアンプ２２へ出力す
る切替指令回路として構成されている。The comparison setting device 21 takes in the detection output from the pressure sensor I9.2°, and when the difference between these pressure sensors 19.20 reaches a pressure corresponding to the time of completion of filling, the comparison setting device 21 receives the detection output from the lateral pressure sensor 19.2°, for example. It is configured as a switching command circuit that outputs a switching command to the amplifier 22 as the filling completion point when the detected outputs become substantially equal.
すなわち、第２図および第３図に示されるように、成形
型１０による製品がランナ１３を介して充填され、射出
成形機１６の射出圧力を一次射出圧力、二次射出圧力と
して充填を行った場合、型内圧力は充填が完了するまで
は射出圧力（二次射出圧力）の１／２程度と低く、充填
が完了すると型内圧力は急激に射出圧力に近づくように
増加する。That is, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the product from the mold 10 was filled through the runner 13, and filling was performed using the injection pressure of the injection molding machine 16 as the primary injection pressure and the secondary injection pressure. In this case, the pressure inside the mold is as low as about 1/2 of the injection pressure (secondary injection pressure) until the filling is completed, and once the filling is completed, the pressure inside the mold rapidly increases to approach the injection pressure.
そして充填完了時点において、圧力センサ１９の検出出
力が圧力センサ２０の検出出力に近づき、その後圧力の
レベルが逆転することが％Ｉ １ｆｆｌされた。At the time of completion of filling, the detection output of the pressure sensor 19 approaches the detection output of the pressure sensor 20, and thereafter the pressure level is reversed.
このことから、本実施例においては、圧力センサ１９．
２０の出力が略等しくなった時点を充填完了時点として
圧力制御を行うこととしている。For this reason, in this embodiment, the pressure sensor 19.
The pressure control is performed with the point in time when the outputs of the pumps 20 become approximately equal as the point in time when filling is completed.
そして、前記アンプ２２は切替指令を増幅し、増幅した
信号を方向切替弁２３へ出力するようになっている。The amplifier 22 amplifies the switching command and outputs the amplified signal to the direction switching valve 23.
この方向切替弁２３は射出シリンダ１８の油圧回路中に
挿入されておりモータ２４の作動による油圧ポンプ２５
からの油圧が供給されるようになっている。This direction switching valve 23 is inserted into the hydraulic circuit of the injection cylinder 18 and is driven by a hydraulic pump 25 operated by a motor 24.
Hydraulic pressure is supplied from
そして油圧ポンプ２５と方向切替弁２３とを結ぶ油圧回
路中には一次圧力設定用電磁すリーフ弁２６が設けられ
ており、方向切替弁２３と射出シリンダ１８とを結ぶ油
圧回路中には方向切替弁２７と二次圧力設定用電磁リリ
ーフ弁２８とが設けられている。A primary pressure setting electromagnetic leaf valve 26 is provided in the hydraulic circuit connecting the hydraulic pump 25 and the direction switching valve 23, and a direction switching valve 26 is provided in the hydraulic circuit connecting the direction switching valve 23 and the injection cylinder 18. A valve 27 and a secondary pressure setting electromagnetic relief valve 28 are provided.
これらは射出成形機１６の射出圧力を調整する圧力回路
として構成されている。These are configured as a pressure circuit that adjusts the injection pressure of the injection molding machine 16.
以上の構成において、充填指令により方向切替弁２３に
励磁信号が出力されるとソレノイド２３Ａが励磁され、
切替弁２３のボートの切替が行われる。In the above configuration, when an excitation signal is output to the direction switching valve 23 in response to a filling command, the solenoid 23A is energized,
The boat of the switching valve 23 is switched.
この切替により油圧ポンプ２５からの油圧がリリーフ弁
２６により一次圧力に調整され、調整された圧ノｊが射
出シリンダ１８に与えられる。By this switching, the hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic pump 25 is adjusted to the primary pressure by the relief valve 26, and the adjusted pressure nozzle j is applied to the injection cylinder 18.
この圧力により射出シリンダ１８のピストン１８Ａが射
出筒１７側へ移動し、成形型１０内の圧力が一次射出圧
力に調整される。This pressure moves the piston 18A of the injection cylinder 18 toward the injection tube 17, and the pressure inside the mold 10 is adjusted to the primary injection pressure.
このとき方向切替２７はオフになっているため、この切
替え弁２７は油圧ポンプ２５と射出シリンダ１８とを結
ぶ油圧回路から除かれる。At this time, since the direction switch 27 is off, the switch valve 27 is removed from the hydraulic circuit connecting the hydraulic pump 25 and the injection cylinder 18.
充填の進行に伴って、予め設定したスクリュー位置ある
いは設定時間に達すると、方向切替弁２７が励磁され、
切替弁２７のポートの切替が行われる。As the filling progresses, when a preset screw position or preset time is reached, the direction switching valve 27 is energized.
The ports of the switching valve 27 are switched.
すなわち、油圧ポンプ２５からの油圧が方向切替弁２７
を介してリリーフ弁２８に供給される。That is, the hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic pump 25 is applied to the direction switching valve 27.
is supplied to the relief valve 28 via.
これにより油圧ポンプ２７から射出シリンダ１８へ供給
される油圧が二次射出圧力に調整される。Thereby, the hydraulic pressure supplied from the hydraulic pump 27 to the injection cylinder 18 is adjusted to the secondary injection pressure.
その後さらに成形型１０への充填が進み、圧力センサ１
９．２０の出力が略等しくなると比較設定器２１から切
替指令が出力され、アンプ２２へ供給される。After that, the filling into the mold 10 further progresses, and the pressure sensor 1
9. When the outputs of 20 become substantially equal, a switching command is output from the comparator and setter 21 and supplied to the amplifier 22.
これによりアンプ２２は励磁信号の出力を停止し、方向
切替弁２３のソレノイド２３Ａをオフにする。As a result, the amplifier 22 stops outputting the excitation signal and turns off the solenoid 23A of the direction switching valve 23.
このソレノイド２３Ａがオフになると、油圧ポンプ２５
と油圧シリンダ１８とを結ぶ油圧回路が遮断され、射出
が完了する。When this solenoid 23A is turned off, the hydraulic pump 25
The hydraulic circuit connecting the and hydraulic cylinder 18 is cut off, and injection is completed.
すなわち、射出完了時点には、成形型１０には二次射出
圧力よりも極めて低い射出圧力を型１０内へ与えること
ができる。That is, at the time of completion of injection, an injection pressure that is extremely lower than the secondary injection pressure can be applied to the inside of the mold 10.
この結果、充填速度を遅くしなくても、充填完了時点に
射出圧力を要求圧力に変更することができる。As a result, the injection pressure can be changed to the required pressure at the time of completion of filling without slowing down the filling speed.
また、充填完了後も保圧が必要な底形を行う場合には、
比較設定器２１からの出力で射成形機１６の出力を保圧
に切替るような回路を組むこ可能である。In addition, when performing a bottom shape that requires holding pressure even after filling is completed,
It is possible to construct a circuit that switches the output of the injection molding machine 16 to pressure holding based on the output from the comparator and setting device 21.
さらに、方向切替弁２３．２７に応答遅れが、見込まれ
る場合には、圧力センサ１９の出力が圧力センサ２０の
出力よりもわずかに小さいとき、たとえば、ｌ Ｏｋｇ
ｆ ／ ｃｔＲになったときに切替信号が出力されるよ
うに比較設定器２Ｉの設定植を調整すれば、充填完了時
点に型内圧力をより低くすることができる。Furthermore, if a response delay is expected in the directional control valves 23, 27, when the output of the pressure sensor 19 is slightly smaller than the output of the pressure sensor 20, for example, l Okg.
If the setting of the comparator setting device 2I is adjusted so that the switching signal is output when f/ctR is reached, the pressure inside the mold can be lowered at the time of completion of filling.
以上説明したように、本発明によれば、充填完了時点を
正確に検出して射出圧力を充填完了時点の要求圧力に変
更するようにしたため、充填速度を遅くしなくても、充
填完了時点の型内圧力を要求圧力にすることができ、成
形品の品質の向上及び成形特の型締力を小さくすること
が可能となる。As explained above, according to the present invention, since the filling completion point is accurately detected and the injection pressure is changed to the required pressure at the filling completion point, there is no need to slow down the filling speed. The pressure inside the mold can be set to the required pressure, making it possible to improve the quality of the molded product and reduce the mold clamping force required for molding.
第１図は本発明の一実施例を示す全体構成図、第２図は
成形型の要部構成図、第３図は射出圧力と圧力センサの
検出出力との関係を示す線図である。
１０・・・・・・成形型
１１・・・・・・上型
１２・・・・・・下型
１３・・・・・・ランナ
１４・・・・・・ゲート
１５・・・・・・スプル
１６・・・・・・射出成形機
１７・・・・・・射出筒
１８・・・・・・削出シリンダ
Ｉ９．２０・・・・・・圧カセンザ
２１・・・・・・比較設定値
２２・・・・・・アンプ
２３．２７・・・・・・方向切替弁
２３Ａ山・・・ソレノイド
２５・・・・・・油圧ポンプ
２６．２８・・・・・・リリーフ弁FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of essential parts of a mold, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between injection pressure and detection output of a pressure sensor. 10...Molding die 11...Upper die 12...Lower die 13...Runner 14...Gate 15... Sprue 16... Injection molding machine 17... Injection cylinder 18... Cutting cylinder I9.20... Pressure sensor 21... Comparison settings Value 22...Amplifier 23.27...Direction switching valve 23A mountain...Solenoid 25...Hydraulic pump 26.28...Relief valve
Claims (2)
６）に与え、その後、成形型（１０）内の圧力を監視し
て、ゲート（１４）に達する以前の所定の位置の型内圧
力と、この位置よりも前記ゲート（１４）側の位置の型
内圧力との差が充填完了時点に相当する圧力になったと
きに、射出成形機（１６）に対する射出圧力を充填完了
時点の要求圧力に変更することを特徴とする射出圧力制
御方法。(1) Apply the specified injection pressure to the injection molding machine (1
6), and then monitor the pressure inside the mold (10) to determine the pressure inside the mold at a predetermined position before reaching the gate (14) and at a position closer to the gate (14) than this position. An injection pressure control method characterized by changing the injection pressure to the injection molding machine (16) to the required pressure at the time of completion of filling when the difference between the pressure in the mold and the pressure in the mold reaches a pressure corresponding to the time of completion of filling.
検出する圧力センサ（２０）と、これよりもゲート（１
４）側の圧力を検出する圧力センサ（１９）と、前記両
圧力センサ（１９）（２０）の検出出力を比較し、両者
の差が充填完了時点に相当する圧力になったときに切替
指令を出力する切替指令回路（２１）と、充填指令によ
り規定の射出圧力を射出成形機（１６）に与え、この射
出圧力を切替指令により充填完了時点の要求圧力に変更
する圧力調整回路（２２）（２３）（２５）（２６）（
２７）（２８）とを具えたことを特徴とする射出圧力制
御装置。(2) A pressure sensor (20) that detects the pressure inside the mold (13) of the mold (10) and a gate (1) that detects the pressure inside the mold (10).
Compare the detection outputs of the pressure sensor (19) that detects the pressure on the 4) side with the detection outputs of both pressure sensors (19) and (20), and issue a switching command when the difference between the two reaches a pressure corresponding to the time of completion of filling. a switching command circuit (21) that outputs a pressure, and a pressure adjustment circuit (22) that applies a specified injection pressure to the injection molding machine (16) according to a filling command, and changes this injection pressure to the required pressure at the time of filling completion according to a switching command. (23)(25)(26)(
27) An injection pressure control device characterized by comprising (28).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1195584A JP2815182B2 (en) | 1989-07-28 | 1989-07-28 | Injection pressure control method and device for injection molding machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1195584A JP2815182B2 (en) | 1989-07-28 | 1989-07-28 | Injection pressure control method and device for injection molding machine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0361017A true JPH0361017A (en) | 1991-03-15 |
| JP2815182B2 JP2815182B2 (en) | 1998-10-27 |
Family
ID=16343572
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1195584A Expired - Fee Related JP2815182B2 (en) | 1989-07-28 | 1989-07-28 | Injection pressure control method and device for injection molding machine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2815182B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0887171A1 (en) * | 1997-04-23 | 1998-12-30 | K.K. Holding AG | Process to define the switch-over pointduring the production of an injection-molded part |
| WO2019158339A1 (en) * | 2018-02-13 | 2019-08-22 | Kistler Holding Ag | Pressure sensor |
-
1989
- 1989-07-28 JP JP1195584A patent/JP2815182B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0887171A1 (en) * | 1997-04-23 | 1998-12-30 | K.K. Holding AG | Process to define the switch-over pointduring the production of an injection-molded part |
| US5993704A (en) * | 1997-04-23 | 1999-11-30 | K.K. Holding Ag | Process for determining the switchover point in the production of a die casting |
| WO2019158339A1 (en) * | 2018-02-13 | 2019-08-22 | Kistler Holding Ag | Pressure sensor |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2815182B2 (en) | 1998-10-27 |
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