JPH0357766A - Brake device for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To eliminate the danger for a vehicle from being largely rebounded or sprung out because of the trouble on a rail, even if the vehicle is put into the adsorption contact with the rail in the high speed traveling by installing the right and left movable iron cores in pairs which are restriction-guided in vertically movable manners for an iron core body through a connecting means and whose top edge part slide-contacts the rail. CONSTITUTION:The top edges of the right and left movable iron cores 16 and 16 are adsorbed onto the upper surface of a rail 15 by a strong adsorbing force, and a control power is generated by the large adsorbing force and a contact frictional force. The control power is transmitted to the right and left magnetic pole pieces 13a and 13a of an iron core body 13 from the ribs 21 of the right and left movable iron cores 16 and 16, and further transmitted to a vehicle side member 23 through a rod receiving part 29, anchor rod 31, and a rod receiving part 30, and the vehicle is decelerated. In this case, even if a trouble is generated on the rail 15, only the right and left movable iron cores 16 and 16 turning-shift vertically, and follow, and since each mass of the movable iron cores 16 and 16 is small, the stable following is permitted even in the high speed traveling, and brake application from high speed is permitted.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a braking device for a vehicle that brakes a high-speed railway vehicle or the like by using the adhesion frictional force between an electromagnet and a rail.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, as brake devices for high-speed railway vehicles, there are those that obtain braking force by pressing brake shoes against the wheels, and those that apply braking force to the wheels using a motor as a generator.

All of these brake devices must operate by suppressing the braking force within the expected adhesive force between the wheels and the rail. In other words, if the braking force is applied to a wheel to the full extent of the adhesion that can be exerted between the wheel and the rail while driving at high speed, there is a risk that the wheel will lock up and become skidded, and once the wheel is skidded, It cannot be expected to return to the sticky state again, and effective braking force for the vehicle cannot be obtained.

For this reason, the braking force applied to the wheels cannot exceed a limit in relation to the speed of the vehicle, and the braking distance of the vehicle is approximately determined as a function of the traveling speed. Therefore, even if an attempt was made to increase the running speed of the vehicle, the braking distance would not be within the legal limit of 800 m or less, so the speed could not be increased beyond that limit.

Therefore, as a brake device that does not rely on the adhesive force between the wheels and the rail, there is a vehicle brake device (generally called a rail brake) that uses the adhesion friction force between an electromagnet and the rail to brake the low-speed vehicle. Or used in industrial vehicles. This is a configuration using an electromagnet 1 as shown in FIG. 7, and the left and right magnetic pole pieces 3a, 3a of the iron core 3 around which the coil 2 is wound are reinforced with a non-magnetic material 4.
In this state, when the lower ends of the left and right magnetic pole pieces 3a, 3a are brought into sliding contact with the upper surface of the rail 5 and a current is passed through the coil 2, the left and right magnetic pole pieces 3a
a. The lower end of 3a becomes the NS pole and attracts to the rail 5, and the braking force of the vehicle is generated by the attraction force and contact friction force with the rail 5 at that time.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) By the way, if the brake device uses the adhesion friction force between the electromagnet 1 and the rail 5 described above, it is independent of the conventional adhesion force between the wheel and the rail, so the control It is thought that it is possible to shorten the braking distance of a vehicle by increasing the power, but
However, this brake device is only for low-speed vehicles or industrial vehicles, and the weight of the electromagnet 1 including the coil 2 and iron core 3 is extremely large. As a result, there was a risk of the brakes bouncing or being thrown off due to irregularities in the rails, making it impossible to secure the desired braking force, and making it difficult to implement for high-speed vehicles.

The present invention was developed in view of the above circumstances, and although it is a brake device that utilizes the adhesion friction force between an electromagnet and a rail, even if it is brought into adhesion contact with the rail at high speed, there is a risk of it bouncing or being thrown off due to irregularities in the rail. To provide a vehicular brake device which can secure a stable braking force without any friction, and can maintain the braking distance within a legally specified braking distance even if the speed of the vehicle is increased.

[Structure of the invention]

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention causes an iron core to be attracted to a rail by the magnetic force of an electromagnet provided on the vehicle side, and by the attraction force and contact friction force between the iron core and the rail at that time. In a vehicle braking device that obtains braking force for a vehicle, the electromagnet is restrained and guided through an iron core body around which a coil is wound and can be moved up and down through a connecting means, and each tip portion slides on a rail. It is composed of a pair of left and right movable cores that can be in contact with each other, and each of the left and right movable cores has a magnetic flux passage surface portion facing the left and right NS poles of the core body with a small gap on the base end side, and a rail. The rail is characterized in that it has a structure in which it has magnetic pole tips that face each other so that each tip that comes into sliding contact with the rail constitutes a magnetic circuit that partially passes through the rail.

It is desirable that the magnetic pole tips of the left and right movable iron cores have a comb-teeth shape that mesh with each other with a small gap.

The connecting means is a pin that pivotally connects the left and right movable cores to brackets projecting left and right from the core body so as to be able to rotate up and down, and the magnetic flux passage surface portions on the proximal ends of the left and right movable cores are centered around the pin. It is desirable to have a configuration in which the left and right NS poles of the core body face each other with a small gap at all times.

(Function) In the vehicle brake system having the above configuration, the left and right magnetic pole tips that contact the rails of the electromagnet core are made of movable cores that are separate members from the core body, so both the left and right movable cores The low weight allows for better high-speed tracking of the rail. Moreover, the left and right movable cores are mutually connected so that the magnetic flux can easily pass between the left and right NS poles of the core body than the magnetic flux passage surfaces, and each tip part forms a magnetic circuit that partially passes through the rail. Because it has opposing magnetic pole tips, stable adsorption operation is possible even at high speeds even when the rail is uneven, ensuring high braking force, and even if the vehicle speeds up, it stays within the braking distance specified by law. You can do it like this.

In other words, when braking a vehicle, the electromagnets supported on the vehicle side are lowered by a certain stroke so that the tips of the left and right movable cores can contact the rail, and in this state, the coils of the electromagnets are energized and excited. As a result, the left and right movable iron cores are attracted to the rail, and the braking force of the vehicle is obtained by this attraction force and the contact friction force. At that time, even if there is an irregularity in the rail, only the left and right movable cores will displace up and down to follow, and since the movable cores have a small mass, they will not bounce or be thrown off significantly even when running at high speed. This allows for stable tracking and makes it possible to apply the brakes from high speeds. In addition, the left and right movable cores have magnetic flux passing easily between the left and right NS poles of the core body than the magnetic flux passage surfaces, and have magnetic circuits that partially pass through the rail with magnetic tips facing each other. Because of this structure, it is possible to reliably attract the rail and obtain high braking force stably.

By using a braking device that utilizes the adhesion friction force between an electromagnet and a rail together with a conventional braking device that utilizes the adhesion force between a wheel and a rail, it becomes possible to further shorten the braking distance from high speeds. It becomes possible to significantly increase the regular speed of the vehicle.

(Example) An example of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5.

First, in FIG. 1, reference numeral 11 indicates the entire electromagnet. This electromagnet 11 includes an iron core body 13 around which a coil 12 is wound,
Each core body 13 is restrained and guided so as to be movable up and down through connecting means 14, and each tip end is connected to a rail 15.
It is composed of a pair of left and right movable cores 16 and 16 that can be slid on the upper surface.

The core body 13 has an inverted U-shape in cross section, substantially similar to a conventional core, and is elongated from front to back as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and has a coil 12 wound around its upper piece.

The left and right magnetic pole pieces 13a 13a of this core body 13 include
As the connecting means 14 of the movable iron core 16, brackets 17 with pin holes 17a are provided at the front and rear ends and at the intermediate portion, respectively, protruding outward from the left and right. A total of four movable cores 16.16, one pair at the front and the other, are pivotally mounted, and each of these movable cores 16.16 connects to the left and right magnetic pole pieces 13.
a, 13a can be rotated up and down at the lower side.

Note that an escape groove 19 for allowing rotation of the movable iron core 16 is formed in a notch between the pair of brackets 17, 17 at the intermediate portions of the left and right magnetic pole pieces 13a, 13a. A stopper 20 is provided on each of the movable iron cores 20 to prevent the movable iron core 16 from hanging downward more than necessary.

Further, at the lower ends of the left and right magnetic pole pieces 13a, 13a of the core body 13, magnetic pole tips 13b, 131) of NS poles are formed in a circular arc shape centered on the pin 18.

On the other hand, each of the left and right movable cores 16 has a form as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, and is provided with ribs 21 with pin holes 2la at the front and rear ends of the base end (upper end), and these ribs 21
The pin 18 is attached to the bracket 17 in a state in which the pin 18 is in sliding contact with the front and rear end surfaces of the left and right magnetic pole pieces 13a, 13a of the core body 13 and the inside of the intermediate relief 19 to enable transmission of braking force in the front and rear direction.
It is pivoted by. Note that the rib 21 of each movable core 16 is provided with a protrusion 22 that abuts against the stopper 20.

Also, these left and right movable cores 16.16 are on the base end side (upper end side)
A magnetic flux passage portion 16a is provided in each of the magnetic flux passage portions 16a. This magnetic flux passage surface portion 16a always leaves a small gap with respect to the lower NS pole magnetic tips 13b, 13b in order to facilitate the passage of magnetic flux between the left and right magnetic pole pieces 13a of the core body 13. The magnetic pole pieces 13a, 13 are arranged so as to face each other.
The pin 18, which is the center of rotation of the movable iron core 16, as in a
It is said to be an arc surface centered on .

Furthermore, the left and right movable iron cores 16, 16 have magnetic tips 16 facing each other so that the lower surfaces of the respective tips slide in sliding contact with the rail 15 and constitute a magnetic circuit that partially passes through the rail 15.
b, 16b.

In addition, the left and right movable iron cores 16.16 mutual magnetic pole tips 16b
and 1♂b= have a comb-like shape that meshes with each other with a gap as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.

As shown in FIG. 2, the electromagnet 11 having such a brake configuration is attached and supported via an elevating support mechanism 24 to a vehicle side member 23, such as a vehicle bogie or a front and rear axle box connecting beam, in which the distance from the rail 15 does not vary greatly. There is. That is, projecting portions 25 with support holes 25a extend from the front and rear ends of the left and right magnetic pole pieces 13a, 13a of the core body 13, respectively, and these projecting portions 25 extend from the lower ends of the front and rear support arms 26 hanging from the vehicle side member 23. The electromagnet 11 is supported above via a push-up spring 27, and is held floating at a predetermined height so that the electromagnet 11 does not come into contact with the rail 15. Further, the lower ends of piston rods 28a of the front and rear cylinders 28 hanging down from the vehicle side member 23 are connected to the support holes 25a of the overhanging portions 25 at the front and rear ends thereof, and the entire electromagnet 11 is lowered by a predetermined distance by the downward movement of the cylinders 28. The left and right movable iron cores 16, 16 tips can be brought into sliding contact with the rail 15 body.

Further, the left and right magnetic pole pieces 13 of the iron core body 13 of the electromagnet 11
Rod receivers 29 and 30 are provided on the upper surfaces of the rods a and 13a and on the lower surface of the vehicle side member 23, spaced apart from each other in the front and rear, and an anchor rod 31 for transmitting braking force is connected between these.

Now, to describe the operation of the vehicle brake system having the above-mentioned configuration, in order to apply brakes while the vehicle is running at high speed, pressurized air is sent from a pressure source (not shown) to the cylinder 28 of the lifting support mechanism 24. The piston rod 28a is pushed down to lower the electromagnet 11 by a certain stroke.

Now the tips of the left and right movable cores 16, 16 are attached to the rail 15.
The upper surface can be contacted, and in this state, the coil 12 of the electromagnet 11 is energized to excite it. With this, the iron core body 1
The left and right magnetic pole pieces 13a, 13a of No. 3 are magnetized, and the magnetic flux flows from the lower end NSI magnetic pole tips 13b, 13b to the magnetic flux passage surface portion 16a, which always faces with a small gap therebetween.
a to the left and right movable iron cores 16, 16, and then further passes through the magnetic pole tips 16b, 16b, which face each other in a meshing state with a gap between their tips, and the upper surface portion of the rail 15 between them. It begins to configure the magnetic circuit.

As a result, the left and right movable iron cores 16, 16 end portions stick to the upper surface of the rail 15 with a strong adsorption force, and a braking force is generated by the large adsorption force and contact friction force.

This braking force is transmitted from the ribs 21 of the left and right movable cores 16, 16 to the left and right magnetic pole pieces 13a, 13a of the core body 13, and from there to the vehicle side member 23 via the rod receiver 29, anchor rod 31, and rod receiver 3o. , the vehicle will slow down.

At that time, even if there is an irregularity in the rail 15, only the left and right movable cores 16, 16 will rotate up and down to follow it, and since the movable cores 16, 16 have small mass, they will be large even when running at high speed. This allows for stable tracking without bouncing or being thrown off, making it possible to apply the brakes from high speeds. Moreover, the left and right movable iron cores 16
, 16 are the core body 1 from the magnetic flux passage surface portions 16a, 16a.
The magnetic flux easily passes between the left and right NS poles of 3, and the pole tips 16b, 15! are opposite to each other's tips. ) to constitute a magnetic circuit that partially passes through the rail, it is possible to reliably attract the rail and obtain a high braking force stably.

In addition, the coil l2 of the electromagnet l1 is structurally weak and can be damaged and short-circuited, leading to a major accident. However, since this part is not exposed to excessive acceleration and is supported by the vehicle side member 23, reliability is improved. This will help you improve your skills.

By using such a braking device that utilizes the adhesion friction force between the electromagnet 11 and the rail 15 in combination with a conventional braking device that utilizes the adhesion force between the wheels and the rail, it is possible to further shorten the braking distance from high speeds. This makes it possible to significantly increase the regular speed of vehicles.

In the above embodiment, the cylinder 28 is provided in the lifting support mechanism 24.
However, since the protruding parts 25 at the front and rear ends of the left and right magnetic pole pieces 13a, 13a of the iron core body 13 of the electromagnet 11 also act as magnetic poles, the support arm 26 facing them is used to push down the electromagnet 11. By providing a magnetic material at the lower end of the magnet 11, it is possible to pull down the electromagnet 11 by mutual attraction.

In addition, although the braking force is transmitted to the vehicle side through the anchor rod 31, the tips of the overhanging portions 25 at the front and rear ends of the left and right magnetic pole pieces 13a, 13a of the core body 13 are simply brought into sliding contact with the support arm 26, and the braking force is controlled from there. The power may be transmitted to the vehicle side.

Furthermore, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 6, spring seats are provided on the stopper 20 at the top of the tip of the bracket 17 on the side of the core body 13 and on the projections 22 of the ribs 21 of the left and right movable core 16 so as to protrude further outward. 32 and 33 are provided, and a spring 34 is provided between them.
By providing this, when no current is applied, the left and right movable cores 16, 16 are sprung up and rotated by the spring 34 and stop against the stopper step 35, so that the distance from the rail 15 can be increased. This eliminates the need to raise the entire electromagnet 11 too much.

〔Effect of the invention〕

Since the present invention is constructed as described above, although it is a braking device that utilizes the adhesion friction force between an electromagnet and a rail, even if it is brought into adhesion contact with the rail during high-speed running, it will not bounce or be thrown off due to irregularities in the rail. To provide a very practical vehicle brake device that can secure stable braking force without the risk of causing damage, and can maintain the vehicle speed within the braking distance specified by law even if the vehicle speeds up.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the main parts of the embodiment in a braking state, FIG. 2 is a side view of the embodiment in a state where it is mounted and supported on a vehicle side member, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a single movable core in the same embodiment; FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the arrangement of four movable cores in the same embodiment; 6th
The figure is a sectional view of a main part showing another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a conventional example. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11... Electromagnet, 12... Coil, 13... Iron core body, 14... Connection means, 15... Rail, 16...
...Moving iron core, 16a...Flux passage surface part, 16b...
・Magnetic tip, 17...Bracket, 18...Pin, 2
3...Vehicle side member.

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) In a vehicle brake system, an iron core is attracted to a rail by the magnetic force of an electromagnet provided on the vehicle side, and the braking force of the vehicle is obtained by the adhesion force and contact friction force between the iron core and the rail at that time. It consists of an iron core body wound with a core body, and a pair of left and right movable cores that are constrained and guided so as to be movable up and down through connecting means, respectively, with respect to the core body, and whose tips can slide into rail contact. The core has a magnetic flux passage face part on the base end side facing the left and right NS poles of the core body with a small gap, and each tip part that slides on the rail carries a magnetic circuit that partially passes through the rail. What is claimed is: 1. A brake device for a vehicle, characterized in that the brake device has a structure having magnetic pole tips facing each other so as to constitute a vehicle. (2) The vehicle brake system according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic pole tips of the left and right movable iron cores have a comb-teeth shape that mesh with each other with a small gap. (3) In the vehicle brake device according to claim 1, the connecting means is a pin that pivotally connects the left and right movable iron cores to brackets projecting left and right from the core body so that the left and right movable iron cores can rotate vertically. A brake device for a vehicle, characterized in that the magnetic flux passage surface portion on the base end side is an arcuate surface centered on the pin, and is configured to face the left and right NS poles of the iron core body with a small gap always therebetween.