JPH0357576B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0357576B2 JPH0357576B2 JP56022784A JP2278481A JPH0357576B2 JP H0357576 B2 JPH0357576 B2 JP H0357576B2 JP 56022784 A JP56022784 A JP 56022784A JP 2278481 A JP2278481 A JP 2278481A JP H0357576 B2 JPH0357576 B2 JP H0357576B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- arc tube
- metal halide
- tube
- diameter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 35
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium iodide Chemical compound [Na+].[I-] FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HUIHCQPFSRNMNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K scandium(3+);triiodide Chemical compound [Sc+3].[I-].[I-].[I-] HUIHCQPFSRNMNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Chemical compound [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 scandium halide Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000295 emission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009518 sodium iodide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZCUFMDLYAMJYST-UHFFFAOYSA-N thorium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Th]=O ZCUFMDLYAMJYST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003452 thorium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/84—Lamps with discharge constricted by high pressure
- H01J61/88—Lamps with discharge constricted by high pressure with discharge additionally constricted by envelope
Landscapes
- Discharge Lamp (AREA)
- Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は250W級のメタルハライドランプに関
する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a 250W class metal halide lamp.
メタルハライドランプは発光管内に封入した金
属ハロゲン化物特有の発光スペクトルを利用する
ものであり、高圧水銀灯に比べて発光効率および
演色性において著しく優れている。上記金属ハロ
ゲン化物は通常２種以上を使用しており、たとえ
ばハロゲン化スカンジウム（ScI3など）とハロゲ
ン化ナトリウム（NaIなど）を組合せたメタルハ
ライドランプは特に優れた効率と良好な演色性を
呈するものである。 Metal halide lamps utilize the unique emission spectrum of metal halides sealed within the arc tube, and are significantly superior to high-pressure mercury lamps in terms of luminous efficiency and color rendering. Two or more types of the above metal halides are usually used; for example, a metal halide lamp that combines scandium halide (ScI 3 , etc.) and sodium halide (NaI, etc.) exhibits particularly excellent efficiency and good color rendering properties. It is.
しかしながら一般的にメタルハライドランプは
高圧水銀灯に比べて、始動電圧が高いので始動が
困難であり、また寿命中の光束維持率の低下が大
きい不具合がある。始動電圧が高い原因は、発光
管内に金属ハロゲン化物が封入されていることの
ために電子放射性物質として高圧水銀灯に使用さ
れている酸化バリウムのごとき電子放射性に優れ
たアルカリ土類金属酸化物が使用できないこと、
および消灯中に金属ハロゲン化物が電極に付着し
て初期電子の放出が妨げられること等が挙げられ
る。また寿命中における光束維持率の低下は、電
極物質と金属ハロゲン化物との反応や発光管内不
純ガスによる電極先端部の浸蝕変形および電極形
状の不適正にもとづく電極温度の過度な上昇など
により、電極の主材料であるタングステンの飛散
を生じ、これが発光管内壁に付着して黒化を招
き、よつて光を遮蔽することが原因となる。 However, in general, metal halide lamps have a higher starting voltage than high-pressure mercury lamps, making them difficult to start, and they also suffer from a large drop in luminous flux maintenance rate during their lifetime. The reason for the high starting voltage is that metal halides are sealed in the arc tube, which uses alkaline earth metal oxides with excellent electron emissivity, such as barium oxide, which is used in high-pressure mercury lamps as an electron emissive substance. Things impossible,
Another problem is that metal halides adhere to the electrodes while the lights are off, preventing initial electron emission. In addition, the luminous flux maintenance rate decreases during the life of the electrode due to reactions between the electrode material and metal halides, erosion and deformation of the electrode tip due to impure gas in the arc tube, and an excessive rise in electrode temperature due to inappropriate electrode shape. This is caused by the scattering of tungsten, the main material of the arc tube, which adheres to the inner wall of the arc tube and causes blackening, thereby blocking light.
発光効率は電極形状に非常に影響され、電極形
状を小形にすると電極自身の温度が上昇するので
電極後方の発光管内端部に発生する最冷部の温度
が上昇し、この最冷部に存在している金属ハロゲ
ン化物の蒸発を促すため効率が向上する。しかし
ながら電極を過度に小形化すると電極温度が上昇
しすぎて電極材料のスパツターを生じ易くなり、
発光管の早期黒化を招くので光束維持率の低下を
進行させることになる。 Luminous efficiency is greatly affected by the shape of the electrode, and if the electrode shape is made smaller, the temperature of the electrode itself increases, which increases the temperature of the coldest part that occurs at the inner end of the arc tube behind the electrode, and the temperature of the coldest part that occurs at the inner end of the arc tube increases, and Efficiency is improved by promoting the evaporation of metal halides. However, if the electrode is made too small, the electrode temperature will rise too much and spatter of the electrode material will easily occur.
This leads to early blackening of the arc tube, leading to a further decline in the luminous flux maintenance factor.
また、発光効率は発光管バルブの形状、大きさ
にも影響される。すなわち、点灯中においては発
光管内で蒸発した金属ハロゲン化物の対流が生じ
ているが、この蒸発および対流が活発であればあ
る程発光効率は向上する。金属ハロゲン化物蒸気
の蒸発および対流を促すには、発光管バルブの形
状を端部の温度があがりやすくかつ蒸気の流れが
円滑となるように球形、または球形に近い形状、
例えば楕円球にする等の対策が考えられる。ま
た、発光管バルブの形状が円筒形、またはこれに
近い形状の場合は、バルブ径を大きくするとガス
の動きを阻害しなくなるので対流が円滑に行われ
る。さらに、ガスの蒸発を活発にするには、管壁
負荷を高くして最冷部温度を上げ、これにより金
属ハロゲン化物の蒸発を促す手段も知られてい
る。 Furthermore, the luminous efficiency is also affected by the shape and size of the arc tube bulb. That is, during lighting, convection of evaporated metal halides occurs within the arc tube, and the more active this evaporation and convection, the more the luminous efficiency will improve. To promote evaporation and convection of metal halide vapor, the shape of the arc tube bulb should be spherical or nearly spherical so that the temperature at the end can easily rise and the vapor can flow smoothly.
For example, one possible countermeasure is to use an elliptical sphere. Further, when the shape of the arc tube bulb is cylindrical or similar, increasing the bulb diameter will not impede the movement of gas, so that convection will occur smoothly. Furthermore, in order to activate the evaporation of gas, there is also known a method of increasing the tube wall load to raise the temperature of the coldest part, thereby promoting the evaporation of metal halides.
ところで現状においては、メタルハライドラン
プの中にあつて250W入力定格の普及率が最つと
も高く、したがつてこの種250W級の一層の改善
が望まれている。 By the way, at present, among metal halide lamps, the 250W input rating has the highest penetration rate, and therefore further improvement of this type of 250W class is desired.
従来の250W級メタルハライドランプは、発光
管の形状が略円筒形状をなしており、その入力に
対する発光管径の割合が、400W級以上の大電力
タイプに比べて小さいものであり、たとえば発光
管内径は13mm程度であつた。しかしながら発光管
内径が小さいと、上記した通り発光管内の対流を
抑止して封入金属ハロゲン化物の蒸発を制限して
しまうので発光効率は低くなる傾向を示す。この
発光効率を高めるために、管壁負荷を他の大電力
タイプのランプより高くする手段を採用している
が管壁負荷を高めると発光管バルブの石英とハロ
ゲンとが反応して光束維持率の低下を招く。 In conventional 250W class metal halide lamps, the shape of the arc tube is approximately cylindrical, and the ratio of the arc tube diameter to the input is smaller than that of high power types of 400W class or higher.For example, the arc tube inner diameter The diameter was about 13mm. However, if the inner diameter of the arc tube is small, as described above, convection within the arc tube is suppressed and evaporation of the enclosed metal halide is restricted, so the luminous efficiency tends to decrease. In order to increase this luminous efficiency, we have adopted a method of increasing the tube wall load compared to other high power type lamps, but when the tube wall load is increased, the quartz and halogen of the arc tube bulb react, resulting in a reduction in luminous flux maintenance. This results in a decrease in
また上記250W級メタルハライドランプは、そ
の発光管バルブの内径が細いにも拘らず、相対的
に大きな電極を用いている。これは上記管壁負荷
が高いためにスパツター等を未然に防止すること
等を配慮したものであるが、電極が大きいと熱容
量が増し電極自身が充分な発熱をせず最冷部の温
度上昇を促進させなくなるので、発光効率が低く
なるものである。 Furthermore, the above 250W metal halide lamp uses a relatively large electrode even though the inner diameter of its arc tube bulb is small. This was done to prevent spatter, etc. due to the high load on the tube wall, but if the electrode is large, the heat capacity increases, and the electrode itself does not generate enough heat, causing a temperature rise in the coldest part. Since it is no longer promoted, the luminous efficiency becomes low.
また、電極が大きいことは電極の熱容量および
電極表面からの熱の放散によるエネルギーロスが
増し、アーク放電に移転するに足りる充分な電子
を放出することができず、始動電圧が高くなる原
因となる。 Additionally, if the electrode is large, the heat capacity of the electrode and energy loss due to heat dissipation from the electrode surface will increase, making it impossible to emit enough electrons to transfer to the arc discharge, which will cause the starting voltage to increase. .
本発明はこのような事情にもとづきなされたも
ので、その目的とするところは、250W級メタル
ハライドランプにおいて発光管バルブの大きさお
よび電極の大きさを改善し、始動電圧の低下、発
光効率の向上および光束維持率の向上を可能にし
たメタルハライドランプを提供しようとするもの
である。 The present invention was made based on the above circumstances, and its purpose is to improve the size of the arc tube bulb and the size of the electrode in a 250W class metal halide lamp, reduce the starting voltage, and improve the luminous efficiency. The present invention also aims to provide a metal halide lamp that enables improved luminous flux maintenance.
すなわち本発明は、略円筒形状の発光管を有す
る250W級メタルハライドランプにおいて、発光
管の内径を従来より大きくすることにより管内の
対流を促して発光効率を向上させるようにし、し
かしながら管内の対流が過度になると最冷部温度
が上昇し過ぎて金属ハロゲン物が管内の中央部に
せり上がるので光を吸収することになり発光効率
を低下させる不具合があるから管壁負荷を規制す
ることにより対流を抑制し、しかもこのように管
壁負荷を規制することにより電極に過度な負担を
掛けないようにし、よつて電極を従来よりも小形
にして始動電圧を引き下げるとともに光束維持率
を高めるようにしたものである。 In other words, the present invention improves luminous efficiency by increasing the inner diameter of the arc tube in a 250W class metal halide lamp having a substantially cylindrical arc tube than before, thereby promoting convection within the tube. When this happens, the temperature of the coldest part rises too much and the metal halide rises to the center of the tube, absorbing light and reducing luminous efficiency, so convection is suppressed by regulating the load on the tube wall. Moreover, by regulating the load on the tube wall in this way, it is possible to avoid placing an excessive burden on the electrodes, and the electrodes are therefore made smaller than before, lowering the starting voltage and increasing the luminous flux maintenance factor. be.
この目的を実現するため本願は、250W級メタ
ルハライドランプにおいて、発光管の内径を15〜
17mmにするとともに、管壁負荷を15〜22W／cm2と
し、かつ上記電極の電極軸外径を0.5〜0.7mm、電
極コイル部の外径を1.7〜3.0mmとしたことを特徴
とする。 In order to achieve this objective, the present application proposes to increase the inner diameter of the arc tube in 250W class metal halide lamps from 15 to 15.
17 mm, the tube wall load is 15 to 22 W/cm 2 , the outer diameter of the electrode axis of the electrode is 0.5 to 0.7 mm, and the outer diameter of the electrode coil portion is 1.7 to 3.0 mm.
以下本発明の詳細を図面にもとづき説明する。
図中１は石英ガラスからなる発光管バルブを示
し、略円筒形に形成されており、その両端に主電
極２，３を配置してあるとともに、一方の主電極
２に近接して補助電極４を設けてある。なお５…
は金属箔導体、６は保温膜を示す。 The details of the present invention will be explained below based on the drawings.
In the figure, reference numeral 1 indicates an arc tube bulb made of quartz glass, which is formed into a substantially cylindrical shape, with main electrodes 2 and 3 arranged at both ends, and an auxiliary electrode 4 adjacent to one of the main electrodes 2. is provided. Note 5...
6 indicates a metal foil conductor, and 6 indicates a heat insulating film.
上記主電極２，３はその一方を第２図に拡大し
て示す通り、酸化トリウムを含有したタングステ
ンからなる電極軸７に、タングステンからなる素
線を内側および外側ともにたとえば10ターン巻回
してなる巻戻し形二層コイルによつて構成された
コイル部８を形成してある。そして上記発光管バ
ルブ１内には所定量の水銀と、金属ハロゲン化物
および始動用希ガスが封入されている。 As one of the main electrodes 2 and 3 is shown on an enlarged scale in FIG. 2, the main electrodes 2 and 3 are made by winding a tungsten wire around an electrode shaft 7 made of tungsten containing thorium oxide, for example, 10 turns both inside and outside. A coil portion 8 is formed of an unwound two-layer coil. The arc tube bulb 1 is filled with a predetermined amount of mercury, a metal halide, and a starting rare gas.
しかして本発明者は250W入力定格のメタルハ
ライドランプにおいて、発光管バルブ１の内径Ｄ
を16mm、電極間距離ｌを28mm、発光管内容積をほ
ぼ７c.c.とし、かつ主電極２，３の電極軸７の外径
d1を0.6mm、全長11mmおよび電極コイル部８は線
径0.4mmの素線を全体の外径d2が2.1mmになるよう
に巻装して、この発光管バルブ１内に水銀52mg、
沃化スカンジウム（ScI3）を3.3mg（0.47mg／c.c.）、
沃化ナトリウム（NaI）を16.5mg（2.36mg／c.c.）
および始動用希ガスとして、アルゴン（Ar）を
１％含有したネオン（Ne）ガスを50torr封入し
た。 However, in a metal halide lamp with an input rating of 250W, the inner diameter D of the arc tube bulb 1
is 16 mm, the distance between the electrodes l is 28 mm, the internal volume of the arc tube is approximately 7 c.c., and the outer diameter of the electrode shaft 7 of the main electrodes 2 and 3 is
d 1 is 0.6 mm, the total length is 11 mm, and the electrode coil part 8 is wound with a wire with a wire diameter of 0.4 mm so that the overall outer diameter d 2 is 2.1 mm.
3.3 mg (0.47 mg/cc) of scandium iodide (ScI 3 ),
16.5mg (2.36mg/cc) of sodium iodide (NaI)
As a starting rare gas, 50 torr of neon (Ne) gas containing 1% argon (Ar) was sealed.
このランプを点灯試験してみると、ランプ電圧
130V、ランプ電流2.1A、始動電圧170V、発光効
率98ｍ／Ｗ、3000時間後における光束維持率は
88％であつた。 When testing this lamp, the lamp voltage was
130V, lamp current 2.1A, starting voltage 170V, luminous efficiency 98m/W, luminous flux maintenance rate after 3000 hours.
It was 88%.
第３図は上記と同条件でありながら電極軸径d1
とコイル外径d2とを種々変えた250Wメタルハラ
イドランプについて、各始動電圧を測定したもの
である。 Figure 3 shows the electrode shaft diameter d 1 under the same conditions as above.
The starting voltages were measured for 250W metal halide lamps with various coil outer diameters d2 and d2 .
また、第４図は同じく電極軸径とコイル部外径
d2とを種々変えたランプについて、各々その3000
時間点灯後の光束維持率を測定した結果を示す。 Figure 4 also shows the electrode shaft diameter and coil outer diameter.
3000 of each of the lamps with various variations of d and 2 .
The results of measuring the luminous flux maintenance factor after lighting for a certain period of time are shown.
始動電圧は200V以下であることが要求され、
かつ3000時間後の光束維持率は85％以上を必要と
しているので、第３図および第４図の測定結果か
ら、電極軸径d1＝0.5〜0.7mm、電極コイル部外径
d2＝1.7〜3.0mm、の範囲に規制すると、良好な特
性のランプが得られることが判る。 Starting voltage is required to be below 200V,
In addition, the luminous flux maintenance rate after 3000 hours needs to be 85% or more, so from the measurement results in Figures 3 and 4, the electrode axis diameter d 1 = 0.5 to 0.7 mm, the outer diameter of the electrode coil part.
It can be seen that a lamp with good characteristics can be obtained by regulating d 2 to a range of 1.7 to 3.0 mm.
なお始動電圧200V以下ということは、格別な
パルス発生装置を使用しなくても水銀灯用安定器
を用いて点灯可能ということを意味し、水銀灯と
交換して使用できるメタルハライドランプが提供
できることになる。 Note that the starting voltage of 200 V or less means that the lamp can be lit using a mercury lamp ballast without the use of a special pulse generator, making it possible to provide a metal halide lamp that can be used in place of a mercury lamp.
第３図においてd1およびd2が大きな値に近づく
と始動電圧が上昇することが判り、これは電極が
大形化することにより電極の熱容量が増しかつ電
極表面からの熱の逃げが大きくなるので、アーク
放電に移行するための充分な電子が放出され難く
なるからである。 In Figure 3, it can be seen that the starting voltage increases as d 1 and d 2 approach large values, and this is because the larger the electrode, the larger the electrode's heat capacity, and the greater the escape of heat from the electrode surface. Therefore, it becomes difficult to emit sufficient electrons for transition to arc discharge.
また第４図においてd1およびd2が小さな値に近
づくにつれて光束維持率が低下するのは、電極材
料のスパツターによる黒化現象に起因するもので
ある。 Furthermore, the reason why the luminous flux maintenance factor decreases as d 1 and d 2 approach small values in FIG. 4 is due to the blackening phenomenon caused by sputtering of the electrode material.
つぎに電極軸径d1を0.6mm、コイル部外径d2を
2.1mmとした主電極２，３を両端に封着した発光
管バルブ内に、沃化スカンジウム（ScI）を0.47
mg／c.c.、沃化ナトリウム（NaI）を23.6mg／c.c.と
し、アルゴン１％を混入したネオンガス50torr、
およびランプ電圧が130Vとなるに足りる水銀を
それぞれ封入し、発光管内径Ｄと管壁負荷を各々
変化させたときの発光効率について測定したとこ
ろ、第５図のごとき結果を得た。発光効率は
250Wメタルハライドランプにおいて従来70
ｍ／Ｗ以上が一応の合格値とされていたが、本発
明においてはこの点の改善も目的としているた
め、90ｍ／Ｗ以上を要求するものであり、した
がつて第５図から、Ｄ＝15〜17mmおよび管壁負荷
は15〜22（Ｗ／cm2）に規制すれば良いことが判る。 Next, set the electrode shaft diameter d 1 to 0.6 mm, and the coil outer diameter d 2 to
0.47 mm of scandium iodide (ScI) is placed inside the arc tube bulb with main electrodes 2 and 3 of 2.1 mm sealed at both ends.
mg/cc, 23.6 mg/cc of sodium iodide (NaI), 50 torr of neon gas mixed with 1% argon,
and mercury sufficient to make the lamp voltage 130V, and the luminous efficiency was measured when the inner diameter D of the arc tube and the tube wall load were varied, and the results shown in FIG. 5 were obtained. Luminous efficiency is
Conventional 70% in 250W metal halide lamps
m/W or more was considered to be a passing value, but since the present invention aims to improve this point, it requires 90 m/W or more. Therefore, from Fig. 5, D= It can be seen that it is sufficient to limit the tube wall load to 15 to 17 mm and 15 to 22 (W/cm 2 ).
なおd1＝0.5〜0.7mmおよびd2＝1.7〜3.0mmの範囲
においてこれらd1およびd2を種々変えても同様な
結果を得た。 Similar results were obtained even when d 1 and d 2 were varied in the ranges of d 1 =0.5 to 0.7 mm and d 2 =1.7 to 3.0 mm.
上記のようにＤ＝15〜17mmおよび管壁負荷を15
〜22（Ｗ／cm2）に規制すれば、発光管内の対流が
充分に行われて金属ハロゲン化物の蒸気圧が高ま
ると考えられる。 D=15~17mm and tube wall load 15 as above
22 (W/cm 2 ), it is thought that sufficient convection within the arc tube will occur and the vapor pressure of the metal halide will increase.
なお各発光管内径において、管壁負荷を下げる
と効率が低下するのは、有効発光領域、つまり電
極間距離が長くなることにより最冷部温度が低下
するためであり、また逆に管壁負荷が上がり過ぎ
ても効率が下がつてくるのは、対流が活発になり
過ぎて有効発光領域が短かくなることおよび最冷
部温度が上昇しすぎて金属ハロゲン化物が管壁の
中央部にせり上がつて光を吸収してしまうためと
推察される。 Note that for each arc tube inner diameter, the efficiency decreases when the tube wall load is reduced because the effective light emitting area, that is, the distance between the electrodes increases, and the temperature at the coldest part decreases. The reason why the efficiency decreases even if the temperature rises too much is because convection becomes too active and the effective light emitting area becomes short, and the temperature of the coldest part rises too much and metal halides build up in the center of the tube wall. It is assumed that this is because it rises and absorbs light.
そして上記原因による効率の低下は電極形状と
も密接な関係があるけれども、電極軸径d1を0.5
〜0.7mmコイル部外径d2を1.7〜3.0mmの範囲に規制
しておけば効率90ｍ／Ｗ以上が得られるもので
ある。 The decrease in efficiency due to the above causes is closely related to the electrode shape, but if the electrode shaft diameter d 1 is set to 0.5
~0.7mm If the outer diameter d2 of the coil portion is restricted to a range of 1.7 to 3.0mm, an efficiency of 90m/W or more can be obtained.
以上詳述した通り本発明は、250W級メタルハ
ライドランプにおいて発光管内径Ｄを15〜17mmと
して管壁負荷は15〜22W／cm2とし、かつ電極にお
ける電極軸径d1を0.5〜0.7mmおよび電極コイル部
外径d2を1.7〜3.0mmとしたので、略円筒形状の発
光管であるにも拘らず、発光管の内径が大きくな
るので管内の対流が促され、しかしながら管壁負
荷を規制したので管内の対流が過度になるのを防
止して金属ハロゲン物が管内の中央部にせり上が
るのを防止し光の吸収を軽減し、発光効率を90
ｍ／Ｗ以上に向上させることができる。そして、
管壁負荷を規制したことから電極に過度な負担を
掛けないようになり、よつて電極を従来よりも小
形にして始動電圧を200V以下に引き下げること
ができるとともに、3000時間点灯後の光束維持率
を85％以上に高めることができ、ランプ特性が向
上する。 As detailed above, the present invention provides a 250W class metal halide lamp with an arc tube inner diameter D of 15 to 17 mm, a tube wall load of 15 to 22 W/ cm2 , an electrode shaft diameter d1 of 0.5 to 0.7 mm, and an electrode shaft diameter d1 of 0.5 to 0.7 mm. Since the outer diameter d2 of the coil part was set to 1.7 to 3.0 mm, the inner diameter of the arc tube became large despite the fact that it was a substantially cylindrical arc tube, which promoted convection inside the tube, but also regulated the load on the tube wall. This prevents excessive convection within the tube and prevents metal halides from rising to the center of the tube, reducing light absorption and increasing luminous efficiency by 90%.
m/W or more. and,
By regulating the load on the tube wall, it is no longer possible to place an excessive burden on the electrodes, which makes it possible to make the electrodes smaller than before, lowering the starting voltage to 200V or less, and improving the luminous flux maintenance rate after 3000 hours of lighting. can be increased to over 85%, improving lamp characteristics.
図面は本発明の一実施例を示し、第１図はメタ
ルハライドランプの発光管を示す図、第２図はそ
の電極の拡大図、第３図ないし第５図は各各実験
結果を示す特性図である。
１…発光管バルブ、２，３…主電極、７…電極
軸、８…電極コイル部。
The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the arc tube of a metal halide lamp, FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of its electrodes, and FIGS. 3 to 5 are characteristic diagrams showing the results of each experiment. It is. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Arc tube bulb, 2, 3... Main electrode, 7... Electrode shaft, 8... Electrode coil part.
Claims (1)
対設するとともに水銀と金属ハロゲン化物および
始動用希ガスを封入した250W級メタルハライド
ランプにおいて、 上記発光管の内径を15〜17mmにするとともに、
管壁負荷を15〜22W／cm2とし、かつ上記電極の電
極軸外径を0.5〜0.7mm、電極コイル部の外径を1.7
〜3.0mmとしたことを特徴とするメタルハライド
ランプ。[Scope of Claims] 1. A 250W class metal halide lamp in which a pair of electrodes are disposed opposite each other in a substantially cylindrical arc tube and mercury, a metal halide, and a starting rare gas are sealed, the inner diameter of the arc tube being 15 In addition to making it ~17mm,
The tube wall load is 15 to 22 W/ cm2 , and the electrode axis outer diameter of the above electrode is 0.5 to 0.7 mm, and the outer diameter of the electrode coil part is 1.7 mm.
A metal halide lamp characterized by ~3.0mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2278481A JPS57136758A (en) | 1981-02-18 | 1981-02-18 | Metal halide lamp |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2278481A JPS57136758A (en) | 1981-02-18 | 1981-02-18 | Metal halide lamp |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS57136758A JPS57136758A (en) | 1982-08-23 |
| JPH0357576B2 true JPH0357576B2 (en) | 1991-09-02 |
Family
ID=12092295
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2278481A Granted JPS57136758A (en) | 1981-02-18 | 1981-02-18 | Metal halide lamp |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS57136758A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050194908A1 (en) * | 2004-03-04 | 2005-09-08 | General Electric Company | Ceramic metal halide lamp with optimal shape |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5463567A (en) * | 1977-07-05 | 1979-05-22 | Gen Electric | High pressure metallic vapor arc discharge lamp |
| JPS55115258A (en) * | 1979-02-27 | 1980-09-05 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Electrode for discharge lamp |
-
1981
- 1981-02-18 JP JP2278481A patent/JPS57136758A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5463567A (en) * | 1977-07-05 | 1979-05-22 | Gen Electric | High pressure metallic vapor arc discharge lamp |
| JPS55115258A (en) * | 1979-02-27 | 1980-09-05 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Electrode for discharge lamp |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS57136758A (en) | 1982-08-23 |
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