JPH0355726B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Technical Field] The present invention relates to an automatic ventilation system equipped with a ventilation fan control means that detects the degree of contamination of indoor air and automatically operates a ventilation fan. This article relates to an automatic ventilation system that can change according to the environment and improve comfort, as well as help save energy.

[Background technology]

Traditional Japanese houses generally had natural ventilation, but in recent years houses have become significantly more airtight due to the adoption of window frame sashes with improved airtightness. Furthermore, with the spread of heating and cooling equipment, so-called air conditioners, windows and doors are closed, making it increasingly difficult to expect natural ventilation. Against this background, in order to forcefully ventilate indoor air,
Automatic ventilation systems are used that detect the degree of indoor air pollution and automatically operate ventilation fans. However, in the conventional device, as shown in Fig. 6, the degree of contamination detected by the detection means exceeds the ventilation start contamination value A, which can be adjusted using the sensitivity adjustment knob but remains constant regardless of the surrounding environment. I turned on the ventilation fan.

On the other hand, when the ventilation fan operates, the contaminated air inside the room is exhausted, and in its place, air flows in from outside, from the next room, the hallway, etc., and the degree of indoor pollution decreases. However, here, if there is no large difference between the degree of contamination of the incoming outdoor air and the ventilation start contamination value A, the rate of decrease in the degree of contamination is slow, and therefore the operating time of the ventilation fan becomes longer, especially when heating and cooling is not performed. When running, its effectiveness is significantly reduced and it becomes a waste of energy rather than a measure of reduced comfort. This can be prevented by constantly adjusting the sensitivity adjustment knob, but this is very cumbersome and practically impossible.

[Purpose of the invention]

The present invention provides a ventilation start pollution value that takes into account the pollution level of the surrounding environment, that is, the incoming outdoor air, by feeding back the pollution level of the indoor air after ventilation to the ventilation start pollution value that starts the operation of the ventilation fan. The object of the present invention is to provide an automatic ventilation system that can automatically set the temperature and solve the above-mentioned problems.

[Disclosure of the invention]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

In the figure, an automatic ventilation system 1 includes a ventilation fan 2 for ventilating indoor air and a ventilation fan control means 3, and the ventilation fan control means 3 detects the degree of contamination of the indoor air and generates a contamination signal 11 representing the degree of contamination. a detecting means 4 for outputting a signal; and a detecting means 4 that receives the contamination signal 11 and holds a contamination signal with a smaller degree of contamination among the received contamination signals as a reference signal 12, and clears the reference signal by receiving an update signal 13. holding means 5 for holding the new reference signal;
and the reference signal 12 held by the holding means 5.
a calculation means 6 which receives the pollution signal 11 and the ventilation start pollution value 14 and calculates the ventilation start pollution value 14 of the degree of pollution at which the operation of the ventilation fan 2 is started according to the reference signal; An on signal 15 is outputted to operate the ventilation fan when the represented pollution degree exceeds the ventilation start pollution value 14, and an off signal 16 is outputted to stop the ventilation fan 2 when the ventilation start pollution value 14 exceeds the pollution degree represented by the pollution signal 11. and a comparison means 7 for outputting an update signal 13 for updating the reference signal 12 of the holding means 5.

As illustrated in FIG. 5, for example, the ventilation fan 2 is attached to an opening provided on a wall surface W facing indoors and leading to the outdoors, and its operation can ventilate the indoor air. Moreover, the ventilation capacity of about 60 to 80 m ² /h per 6 tatami mats (volume 23.3 m ² ) is preferably used. If the ventilation capacity is excessive, there will be excessive ventilation, which will reduce the heating and cooling effect and increase energy loss. Also, if the ventilation capacity is too small, there will be no significant difference from natural ventilation.

The ventilation fan control means 3 is mounted indoors, for example, on a wall surface, and on the front thereof there are a power lamp that indicates energization, an operation lamp L that indicates the operation of the ventilation fan, and an adjustment switch for the sensitivity adjustment means 9, which will be described later. Further, a ventilation hole for the detection means 4 and the like are formed.

In this embodiment, the detection means 4 uses a gas sensor that detects gas that is a pollutant in the air. In addition, in this example, this gas sensor is
Hot-wire metal oxide semiconductor gas sensors are used that can detect reducing gases such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and alcohol, and oxidizing gases such as nitrogen oxides. The gas sensor is connected, for example, in a bridge, and the pollution signal 11 is taken out so that the voltage increases as the gas concentration increases, that is, the degree of pollution increases. Therefore, the voltage of the contamination signal 11 represents the degree of contamination.

The holding means 5, the calculating means 6, and the comparing means 7
In this embodiment, it is configured using a one-chip microcomputer that includes a CPU, ROM, RAM, IO, etc., and these are time-shared as each means by a program written in the ROM. It will function.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the ventilation fan 2 is connected to the IO through a switch means 8, the detection means 4 is connected to the AD conversion circuit AD, and sensitivity adjustment means 9, etc. are connected to the IO. There is.

The switch means 8 receives the ON signal 15 or the OFF signal 16 to switch the AC power source E.
It supplies or stops the supply of electric power received from the ventilation fan 2 to the ventilation fan 2, and consists of a so-called solid relay circuit or a mechanical contact type relay using semiconductor elements such as thyristors and triaxes.

The sensitivity adjustment means 9 is for setting calculation conditions when the calculation means 6 calculates the ventilation start pollution value 14 based on the reference signal 12, and in this example, the sensitivity adjustment means 9 is connected to the input port of the IO. three switches
Consists of SH, SM, and SL. Additionally, indicator lamps LH, LM, and LL that display the setting status of each switch are connected to the IO output port.

Next, the functions of each means configured as described above and the operation of the ventilation fan control means 3 will be explained based on the functional block diagram of FIG.

When the ventilation fan control means 3 is supplied with power, it is reset by the power-on reset circuit, and the
The program written to the ROM is run and initialized.

The holding means 5 compares the reference signal 12 of the reference signal storage part (set to a sufficiently large value by initialization) provided in the RAM by the CPU with the contamination signal 11 outputted by the detection means 4, The one with the smaller degree of contamination is stored as the reference signal 12 in the reference signal storage section.

The calculation means 6 calculates the ventilation start contamination value 14 between the reference signal 12 stored in the reference signal storage section and the upper limit value 17 stored in advance in the upper limit storage means 10 consisting of the ROM. In this example, from the reference signal 12, when the switch H of the sensitivity adjustment means 9 is set, it is 1/4, when the switch M is set, it is 1/2, and when the switch L is set, the A ventilation start pollution value 14 corresponding to the three-quarters position is calculated. Note that the sensitivity adjustment means 9 has four stages and five stages in addition to the three stages mentioned above.
It may be adjustable in multiple stages such as stages, or it may be continuously adjustable steplessly using a variable resistor or the like.

In the comparison means 7, the CPU compares the pollution signal 11 and the ventilation start pollution value 14, and compares the pollution signal 11 with the ventilation start pollution value 14.
When the degree of contamination represented by does not exceed the ventilation start contamination value 14, the process returns to the previously mentioned step of comparing the contamination signal and the reference signal and storing the smaller one as the reference signal, and then repeats the steps described above. repeat.

Therefore, the holding means 5 stores the minimum degree of contamination up to that point. Also, the calculation means 6
The ventilation start contamination value 14 can be automatically increased or decreased in direct proportion to the reference signal 12, and can also be increased or decreased artificially by the sensitivity adjustment means 9.

Further, in the comparison by the comparison means 7, when the degree of contamination represented by the contamination signal 11 exceeds the monitoring start contamination value 14, the CPU sends an ON signal 15 to the switch means 8 to operate the ventilation fan 2 via the output port of the IO. Output. This allows ventilation fan 2
is activated and ventilation begins.

As the ventilation progresses, the degree of contamination of the indoor air decreases, and when the degree of contamination represented by the contamination signal 11 becomes below the ventilation start contamination value 14, an off signal 16 for stopping the ventilation fan 2 and an update signal 13 are output.

Note that in this specification, outputting a signal includes not only a general meaning but also the meaning of writing or setting various data or control flags.

Further, in this embodiment, the off signal 16 outputted from the comparing means 7 is input to the switching means 8 after being delayed by a timer 19. This delay time is set to about 5 to 10 minutes. Therefore, as shown by the hatching in FIG. 3, the ventilation fan 2 continues to be turned on for about 5 to 10 minutes by the timer 19 even after the degree of indoor air pollution has decreased below the ventilation start pollution level. Operate.

By providing this timer 19, it is possible to prevent the ventilation fan 2 from repeatedly turning on and off at intervals of several tens of seconds to one minute due to local unevenness of contamination, and to more accurately measure the degree of contamination of the outdoor air. This can be reflected in the ventilation start pollution value.

Further, when the CPU receives the update signal 13 output from the comparison means 7, the holding means 5 forcibly writes the contamination signal 11 output from the detection means 4 at that time into the reference signal storage section, regardless of its size, and sets a new standard. Signal.

As a result, the reference signal 12 is updated from the previous reference signal 12A to a new reference signal 12B that reflects the surrounding environment, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B.
FIG. 4A shows that the degree of contamination of the incoming outdoor air is low, and as the ventilation fan operates, the degree of contamination of the indoor air decreases rapidly, and finally the new reference signal 1
2B is smaller, and the ventilation start pollution value 14 is also reduced accordingly. Further, FIG. 4B shows a case where the outdoor air is contaminated and does not decrease easily even after the ventilation fan 2 is activated, and in this example, the reference signal 12B is larger than the previous reference signal 12A. Also, the part indicated by arrow B in Figure 3 shows a case where the contamination level decreased due to the operation of the ventilation fan 2, and then started to increase again, but due to natural ventilation, it decreased before reaching the ventilation start contamination value. .

In addition to the comparison between the contamination signal 11 and the ventilation start contamination value 14, the comparison means 7 also directly compares the contamination signal 11 and the upper limit value 17 in order to further improve safety, so that the contamination signal 11 exceeds the upper limit value 17. When it exceeds the limit, the ventilation fan 2 is operated unconditionally to perform forced ventilation while the limit is exceeded, and the alarm 20 is operated to emit an alarm sound.

Note that the switch means 8 is connected to the ventilation fan control means 3.
Therefore, as shown in FIG.
Alternatively, the switch means 8 may be arranged on the side of the ventilation fan 2, and the on signal 15 and off signal 16 may be electrically transmitted using a wireless transmitter/receiver using light such as infrared rays, radio waves, sound waves, etc. It can also be configured as follows.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The automatic ventilation system of the present invention automatically starts ventilation when the degree of contamination of the indoor air exceeds the ventilation start pollution value, and can reflect the degree of contamination of the indoor air after ventilation in the ventilation start contamination value. , for example, can automatically eliminate substances harmful to health, such as combustion gas from a heater or smoke from smoking, which is useful for improving health. In addition, when the surrounding environment, that is, the incoming outdoor air is contaminated, and cleaning cannot be expected much even if ventilation is continued, the ventilation start pollution value is automatically increased to prevent excessive ventilation. Therefore, it prevents a decrease in heating and cooling efficiency and is also useful for energy saving. Conversely, when the degree of contamination is low compared to the outdoor air, the ventilation start contamination value automatically decreases, and the degree of contamination of the indoor air becomes lower, resulting in many effects such as health and comfort.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an outline of the embodiment circuit, FIG. 3 and FIGS. 4A and 4B are diagrams showing its operation, and FIG. 5 6 is a diagram showing an example of the usage state of the present device, and FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the operation of the conventional device. 2... Ventilation fan, 3... Ventilation fan control means, 4...
Detection means, 5... Holding means, 6... Calculation means, 7
... Comparison means, 8 ... Switch means, 11 ... Contamination signal, 12 ... Reference signal, 13 ... Update signal,
14... Ventilation start pollution value, 15... On signal, 1
6...Off signal.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The ventilation fan control means includes a ventilation fan that ventilates indoor air and a ventilation fan control means, and the ventilation fan control means includes a detection means that detects the degree of contamination of the indoor air and outputs a contamination signal representing the degree of contamination, and a detection means that receives the contamination signal and Holding means capable of holding a contamination signal with a smaller degree of contamination among the received contamination signals as a reference signal, and clearing the reference signal by receiving an update signal and holding a new reference signal; a calculation means for receiving the reference signal held and calculating a ventilation start pollution value of a degree of pollution for starting the operation of the ventilation fan according to the reference signal; receiving the pollution signal and the ventilation start pollution value and representing the pollution signal; outputting an on signal for operating the ventilation fan when the degree of pollution exceeds a ventilation start pollution value; and an off signal for stopping the ventilation fan when the ventilation fan start pollution value exceeds the pollution degree represented by the pollution signal; and a reference signal for the holding means. An automatic ventilation system characterized by comprising an update signal for updating and a comparison means for outputting.