JPH0355561B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to protective clothing made of wire or fiber strands and coated with an elastomer.

Cut-resistant clothing made of steel wire and aramid fibers has been proposed. The cut-resistant knitted glove consists of a core of two stainless steel strands and one aramid fiber strand covered in opposite directions by a plurality of aramid fiber strands or one aramid strand and a covering strand of nylon polyamide. Made of yarn with. Aramid fibers are strong and cut resistant, making gloves made from such materials extremely effective and useful in protecting against injuries from sharp tools, such as those used to cut and handle meat. Moreover, aramid yarn is somewhat abrasive (self-abrasive property causes wear and is rough to the touch), and is resistant to dust,
It easily absorbs fat, blood or other fluids and cannot be cleaned as desired. Moreover,
Detergents, light and water tend to destroy aramid fibers. Additionally, the aramid fibers that provide much of the glove's strength and cut resistance are relatively expensive. Although the use of coated nylon strands to form the yarn eliminates the above disadvantages, even greater improvements are desired. For example, such gloves still lack liquid tightness, moisture resistance, slip resistance or heat resistance. Each or a combination of these drawbacks present current gloves with their own limitations in use. The glove industry has long sought the development of gloves that are particularly lightweight, comfortable to use, have acceptable liquid tightness, are cut resistant, and are heat resistant at a reasonable price.

This invention provides improved cut-resistant, high-strength, flexible materials that are moisture-resistant, oil-resistant, non-absorbent, slip-resistant, durable, comfortable to wear and use, and economically manufacturable. Provide relatively lightweight clothing.

A garment according to the invention has wire and fiber strands that are at least partially interwoven and are at least partially covered with an adhesive elastomer coating. In embodiments of the invention, the coating is cured in situ.

Preferably, the wire and fiber strands are combined into a single yarn from which the garment is made. Garments are knitted with this yarn so that they are comfortable to wear and have great flexibility. The yarn has a core of one or more wire strands, preferably stainless steel wire, parallel fiber strands of synthetic fibers, preferably polyester fibers, and synthetic fibers in the form of a single thread or strand, preferably polyester fibers. It is constructed of at least two fibrous jackets that are wrapped around the core in opposite directions, one outside the other.

The garment is knitted with yarn and is coated with a suitable elastomeric material by dipping the garment and curing the coating material, in order to coat one side, for example the outer surface of a glove. The coating material has flexibility, a certain degree of elongation, toughness, strength,
It must be moisture resistant, slip resistant and have good wearability. Nitrile rubber is particularly good. Slip resistance can be improved by depositing an abrasive substance in or on the coating material.

The garment made as described above will have substantially improved cut resistance due to this coating. What is most surprising here is that uncoated garments knitted with aramid and steel wire yarns have greater cut resistance than uncoated garments similarly made using other synthetic or natural fibers. However, when such clothing is covered,
It does not maintain any advantages over yarn garments using polyester fibers. Moreover, it is difficult to adhere suitable coatings onto aramid and polyamide yarns.

Preferably, the garment incorporates a fabric liner that is adhered to the knitted yarns by a coating that is transparent to the knitted yarns when applied, as is generally accomplished by dipping.

A preferred article and yarn according to the invention is a protective glove consisting of a knitted yarn having a cloth liner covered with a coating of cured elastomeric material and bonded to the portion with this coating, the yarn having a diameter of approximately 0.076 mm. It has a core consisting of four strands of stainless steel of mm (0.003in) and one parallel synthetic polymer fiber of 800-1500 denier, and the total diameter of the core wire is less than 0.51mm (0.020in). Not large, this yarn has two strands of 210-630 denier polyester fibers wrapped over each other and in opposite directions around a core, with a total yarn diameter not exceeding 1.27 mm (0.050 in); These gloves have high cut resistance, are non-absorbent to dust, fat, blood, etc., have high slip resistance, and are easy to wear.
It is lightweight, stretchable and flexible.

These and other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description with reference to the drawings.

The protective glove 10, which is an embodiment of the protective clothing according to the present invention, is widely used when handling materials with sharp or rough edges, such as cutting metal or glass, and when handling materials with sharp or rough edges, such as cutting metal or glass. Used to prevent injury. Glove 10 is particularly suitable for use by meat handlers where sharp hand-held knives are used. The invention also applies to other articles of clothing such as wrist protectors, protective sleeves, gaiters, etc.

The glove 10 has a third knitted part as the glove body 13.
It has the yarns 12 shown in the figure. This glove 10
has a knitted fabric liner 14 which is separately manufactured and inserted within the body 13. The elastomeric sheath 16 is secured to the glove at the edge of the arm portion 18 by overseams 20. Coating 16
the body 13 and liner are immersed and deposited in a suitable liquid coating material and removed therefrom;
It is formed by curing the coating in place. This coating material passes through the knitted fabric to the liner 14.
in place, but does not penetrate the liner itself. This is shown in FIG.

The yarn 12 has a plurality of parallel wire strands 24 extending along the length of the yarn, one parallel fiber strand 26, and two fiber strand outer wraps 28, 30 spirally wound in opposite directions. The strands 28 are wound directly around the core 22 and the strands 30 are outer strands that are spirally wound around the strands 28 in the opposite direction.

Preferably, the wire strand 24 is flexible, has high strength, and has high corrosion resistance. Fermentless steel is a particularly suitable wire strand material, and annealed stainless steel wire is also suitable. Although four wire strands are used in the yarn core 22 of the illustrated embodiment, the number of wire strands can vary from 1 to 20 strands, and is typically 2.
~6 strands are used. The diameter of the wire strand 24 ranges from 0.025 to 0.25 mm (0.001 to 0.010 in), preferably from 0.051 to 0.15 mm (0.002 to 0.006 in), and most preferably from 0.076 mm (0.0031 in). The preferred material is fully annealed No. 304 stainless steel. Wire diameters smaller than 0.051 mm (0.002 in) have a short lifespan, are expensive, and do not offer any advantages over larger diameter wires. 0.15mm
Wire diameters larger than (0.006 in) are substantially less flexible. The single wire strand or wire strands for forming the core material 22 is 0.51 mm, ignoring the fiber strands 26.
(0.02in) and 0.25in to facilitate relatively small overall diameters of yarn for knitting applications.
Preferably smaller than mm (0.01in). Rustless steel is the preferred wire material, particularly for clothing used in the food industry where corrosion and food contamination must be avoided and where cleaning operations are often required, but other materials are also suitable for various uses. It is used for purposes such as steel, titanium, and other materials that are flexible and strong enough to be knitted into yarn and used in clothing.

The parallel fiber strands 26 preferably have high tensile strength, are relatively non-attractive, and have a thickness of 800 to 1500 denier. Suitable core fibers include polyester, aramid (aromatic polyamide), and polyamide multilayer fibers. The preferred fiber is approximately 1000 denier polyester, which avoids the disadvantages of aramid.

Multiple fiber strands 26 within the core material have advantages. The multifilament fibers are continuous rather than spun and slip or flow with the rest of the core material during assembly and subsequent use of the garment product made from the yarns. The high strength, multi-fiber core strands carry much, if not most, of the tensile loads that the yarn is subjected to during knitting and use. The fiber core strands also increase the flexibility of the core portion of the yarn over an all-metal core. The fiber core strands also improve the basic quality of the yarn to an even greater degree even in the case of so-called external winding of the yarn. Over-wrapping refers to wrapping the cover strand over the core material. For wire cores, the first winding or outer winding 28 exhibits a tendency to slip longitudinally, and one fiber core strand exhibits close spacing or contact between adjacent turns of the windings around the core. Gives greater uniformity to the situation. Additionally, the presence of fiber strands within the core material acts as a buffer and aids in the cut resistance of the wire.

Outer wrappers 28, 30 are preferably synthetic polymer fibers in the form of threads or strands, each made of twisted fibers. Suitable fibers for the outer wrapper are multifilament or spun polyester or polyamide. Each strand 26, 28
210-630 denier, in this example approximately
It is 440 denier. The outer wrapping materials 28 and 30 are
Preferably it is polyester. Although aramids and polyamides are effective in knitting high-strength, cut-resistant gloves that are used in uncoated form, these materials exhibit drawbacks when the gloves are coated, as is the case with this invention. Ta. Aramids and polyamides are difficult to coat, and aramids in particular are more expensive than polyesters.

Multi-fiber outer wrapping materials 28, 30 are preferred, but 1-
Spun fibers with a cotton count of 60, preferably from 15 to 35, can also be used. Monofilament type fibers are preferred over spun fibers because they are stronger and less abrasive when knitted, and because their tensile strength is greater for a given denier, they are more cut resistant.

The outer wraps 28 and 30 are wound adjacently and sequentially as shown. Each outer wrap is wound in opposite directions. Two outer wraps are preferred, but more are possible. However, in order to balance the tension, it is preferred to provide an even number of outer wraps. To facilitate the use of the yarn on common knitting machines and to preserve the flexibility of the final product, it is preferred that the total diameter of the yarn does not exceed 1.27 mm (0.050 in).

The body 13 is not made by known methods but is made of knitted fabric for reasons of flexibility, comfort, seamless construction and manufacturing efficiency. Preferably, it is knitted with a single yarn strand 12. The preferred yarns 12 include 30 yarns each having a diameter of 0.076 mm (0.003 in).
A core material 22 of 4 strands of stainless steel, one parallel strand 26 of 1000 denier multifilament polyester, and two outer wrappings of 440 denier multifilament fiber strands spirally wound in opposite directions. 28, 30. The total diameter of the preferred yarn is approximately 0.64mm
(0.025in).

Instead of one yarn, the body 13 can also use two yarns (ie, knitted from two yarns 12, although smaller diameter yarns are preferred to reduce the weight of the glove). Gloves knitted from a single yarn are advantageous in this invention because the strength and cut resistance of the garment is obtained to a greater extent from the core metal strands and coating 16 than from the fibrous outer wrapping 28,30. is even more desirable. Thus, the use of a slightly larger core material with four metal strands, and thus a larger diameter yarn, is more effective than using thinner yarns and two-yarn knitting techniques for making single-yarn gloves. It is. In the case of uncovered gloves using substantially high strength, cut resistant outer wrapping materials such as aramid, the opposite configuration is used. A single-yarn glove of this construction is also more flexible and less expensive than a two-yarn glove.

A second preferred construction of the body 13 uses a core of 1500 denier aramid fiber 26 and three instead of four pieces of stainless steel, each of which is 0.10 mm thick.
(0.004 inch) diameter or the same as the preferred embodiment.

Other suitable fabric liners 14, such as cotton or polyester, are comfortable due to their softness and sweat-wicking properties. During construction of glove 10, liner 14 is placed on the pattern to ensure a proper fit. The body 13 is then placed over the liner and the liner and body are immersed in the liquid elastomeric coating material in a patterned manner. This immersion material is the main body 1
Preferably, it is transparent to the braided yarns of 3, but not to the lyra 14. However, once the coating material has hardened, it contacts the liner 14 and pulls it into the body 13.
Glue it in place inside. The coated body and adhered liner are removed from the model after curing and the liner and body are then sewn around the arm with a stitch 20.

Nitrile rubber is a suitable elastomeric coating material because it has flexibility, extensibility, durability, oil resistance, moisture resistance, toughness, cut resistance, and slip resistance even at low temperatures. Nitrile rubbers include acrylonitrile rubber, acrylonitrile butadiene rubber, nitrile silicone rubber that combines the properties of silicone with the oil resistance of nitrile rubber, acrylonitrile butadiene rubber, and nitrile butadiene rubber. A suitable nitrile rubber is Rycold
Carboxylized butadiene acrylonitrile copolymer latex manufactured by Chemical Co. and containing zinc sulfide butyl thimate, clay filler and pigment. Nitrile rubber is preferred, but other synthetic polymers (including plastisols and organosols), and natural rubber (polyisoprene)
Other elastomers can also be used, such as. The coating material is cured after the woven body 13 is immersed in and removed from the bath of coating material. The technique of coating cloth gloves with elastomeric materials is known per se and is familiar to those skilled in the art.

In a preferred embodiment, the glove 13 is dipped to deposit a continuous (ie, no exposed yarn) coating over the entire surface of the glove. The thickness of the coating is sufficient to completely cover the fabric, thereby retaining maximum flexibility and ensuring the patterned surface obtained by the coated body yarns disposed on the loosely woven underside. It is preferable to use the minimum necessary thickness. The coating thickness is sufficient to make the glove impermeable to liquids, provide good wearability, and be thick enough to add cut resistance to the glove. If nitrile rubber is used as the covering 16 and the glove has the construction shown in Figure 1, the dry weight of the covering material for a medium-sized glove is approximately 37.2 g.
(0.082lb). The weight of the main unit is approximately 54.9g
(0.121lb), liner is 47.7g (0.1051lb),
The entire glove is quite lightweight for its strength, cut resistance, and other attributes.

After the glove has been dipped into and withdrawn from the coating material, drying of the nitrile rubber coating is carried out by heating the coating on the body for a sufficient period of time.

Slip resistance during grasping is obtained by dosing or adding a friction agent to the surface of the glove before the coating material is dried to increase the coefficient of friction between the palm and fingers of the glove. Such materials include, for example, pumice. Additionally or alternatively, natural rubber or cotton lint is used for the surface and a pattern is applied onto the glove in the palm and finger areas.

U.S. Patent No. 4004295, U.S. Patent Application No. 99092,
Compared to the known aramid fiber glove disclosed in WO 891611, this glove presents a different solution to cut resistance and offers many advantages of the coating material. For example, aramid requires chemical adhesion to facilitate coating, and the adhesives that provide this adhesion are generally hazardous to food, limiting the use of this glove. The abrasive nature of the aramid within the coating material also causes yarn degradation. The use of even larger numbers of wire strands 24 is made possible by using polyester rather than aramid in the knitted product. Aramid does not stretch, so
Yarns with four or more wire strands are
When knitted and aramid is used as a core material and an outer wrapping material, it becomes too stiff for primary use. By using the current construction and the more extensible polyester, the large diameter additional wire provides high cut resistance without undesirable stiffness. Regarding strength, when the yarn is subjected to strain,
The flexibility and strength of the core fibers allows for increased tensile strength of the steel utilized for cut resistance. The flexibility of the yarn also allows the use of elastomer coatings without exceeding the allowable stiffness in the final product.

From the above, it is clear that a new and improved protective garment is provided which is liquid-tight, does not absorb dust, fat, oil, blood or other fluids, is cut resistant, comfortable to wear, lightweight, Flexible, non-self-abrasive objects or fabrics that come into contact with them (unless the fabric is intentionally modified to increase friction)
Non-abrasive clothing is provided. It also provides protection against heat. When the garment is in the form of a glove, it has good feel and grip. . While the glove industry has traditionally used layered materials to provide cut resistance and protection, this garment provides a highly cut resistant unitary construction. Its combined properties suit a wide range of applications.

Although the embodiments of the invention have been described in detail above, it is clear that various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the claims of the invention.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of an embodiment of the invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a portion of the structure shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a front view of a portion of the constituent material of the structure shown in FIG. be. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10... Protective gloves, 12... Yarn, 13... Glove body, 16... Elastomer material coating, 22... Core material, 24
... stainless steel strand, 26 ... multiple filament strand, 28, 30 ... outer wound strand.

Claims (1)

Claims: 1. one or more strands of flexible wire;
Protective garment, characterized in that it has a yarn consisting of a core material having a coating of three or more fiber strands, and an outer jacket made of an elastomeric material that is cured on at least a portion of the yarn. 2. The protective garment of claim 1, wherein the core has fiber strands extending parallel to the one or more wires, and the one or more fiber strands are spirally wound around the core. 3. Protective clothing according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the core comprises 2 to 20 annealed stainless steel wire strands with a diameter of 0.025 to 0.25 mm. 4. The protective clothing according to any one of the above claims, wherein the total diameter of the yarns does not exceed 1.27 mm. 5. 2 to 6 strands of annealed stainless steel wire at least partially tubular and at least partially made of yarn, the yarn having a diameter of 0.051 to 0.15 mm and a thickness of 800 to 1500 denier. 210 having one parallel synthetic polymer fiber strand with a core material having a total wire strand diameter not greater than 0.51 mm and wound in opposite directions around the core material, one on top of the other. 5. A protective garment according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising at least two strands of polyester fibers having a thickness of ~630 denier. 6. The protective clothing according to claim 5, wherein the core material has four strands of stainless steel with a diameter of 0.076 mm, and the clothing comprises protective gloves. 7. The protective clothing according to any one of the above claims, wherein the fiber strands are made of polyamide or polyester fibers. 8. Protective clothing according to any one of the above claims, wherein the elastomeric material coating is made of nitrile rubber. 9. Protective clothing according to any one of the claims above, wherein the clothing is a knitted fabric. 10. Any one of the preceding claims comprising a cloth liner adhered to the garment by a covering material.
Protective clothing as described in section.