JPH0352772A - Arc welding monitor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To evaluate through monitoring the fusion and transfer of metal within the range of a metallographic reaction by separately and connectedly monitoring a numerical value of a welding parameter and moreover installing an arc welding monitoring means wherein these numbers are simultaneously increased for a correcting circuit. CONSTITUTION: This device is provided with a welding power source 5, a unit 8 which generates a signal proportional to a welding current, a unit 10 which generates a signal proportional to a welding voltage, and an audible sound signal generator 6 which feeds an audible signal responding to an arc welding parameter. A limit value element 12, which has its input connected to an output of the unit 8 generating the signal proportional to the welding current and its output connected to an input of the audible sound signal generator 6, is provided. An arc welding monitoring device, which includes an information recorder 7 and a helmet 15 having a playback means 16 for a welding worker receiving the audible sound signal from the audible sound signal generator 6 so as to monitor the audible sound in a welding process, is prepared.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to arc welding equipment, particularly an arc welding monitoring device, and the arc welding monitoring device of the present invention can be used in manual, mechanical, and automatic arc welding. , mainly with consumable electrodes, used in power technology, oil and gas transmission pipe laying, nuclear power technology and shipbuilding.

[Conventional technology]

Known welding quality monitoring devices include welding current, voltage and speed sensors, comparators that compare each welding current, voltage and speed signal with limit values corresponding to best conditions, as well as heat input, weld geometry and cooling rate. It includes a calculator that utilizes the welding current, voltage and speed signals to generate a signal indicative of the welding current, voltage and speed.

During welding operations, the above-mentioned monitoring device monitors the welding current, voltage and speed by comparing the monitored quantities with reference values. An alarm is activated when a preselected variation in the measured quantity and the reference quantity occurs. The monitored quantities are also used to calculate secondary welding parameters, including heat input, weld geometry and cooling rate, which are also compared against limit values to monitor weld quality. Ru. The sensors used to measure welding parameters are selected to exhibit minimal interference with the welding process.

For example, Hall effect transducers are used for current measurements, whereas unique photoelectric non-contact sensors are used for welding speed measurements (see US Pat. No. 4,375,026).

In known monitoring devices, the welding speed is indirectly monitored by means of a constant temperature difference over a constant weld length, which is not essentially speed monitoring. This is because the indirect parameters indicating the temperature difference depend not only on the welding speed but also on the welding current, voltage and other parameters. Additionally, any sporadic changes in current, voltage, speed and other welding parameters will not result in variations in temperature differential, although the quality of the weld will be adversely affected. Variation of the welding speed from the limit value is therefore not considered a penalty that substantially reduces the monitoring accuracy of a given parameter.

As a result of the above, the monitoring accuracy of the general welding parameters determined by the calculator, and more specifically by the heat input, weld geometry and cooling rate, is also reduced due to its relationship to the speed monitoring accuracy. I will do it.

In conventional monitoring devices, provision is not made to monitor parameters such as electrode tilt, electrode feed rate disturbances in semi-automatic gas-protected arc welding, and supply line voltage disturbances in e.g. manual and semi-automatic consumable electrode arc welding. These disturbances substantially affect weld quality.

Moreover, the known monitoring devices can only be used for continuous step-by-step welding monitoring, since selective activation of alarms in response to the particular quantities being monitored is not possible. The above limitations are primarily related to variations in welding speed when alarm activation is generally ambiguous. This is because fluctuations in the speed signal are indirectly monitored by changes in the temperature difference, although such fluctuations are caused by changes in other parameters other than speed, more specifically by changes in the welding current voltage. It is.

With known welding quality monitoring devices, therefore, the accuracy and reliability in monitoring the quality of welds is rather low, and another disadvantage is the uncertainty in monitoring the welding process.

Devices for providing useful audible feedback to the user of arc welding equipment are also known, in which the user is provided with an audible feedback signal that conveys useful information about the output current and voltage of the welding machine (U.S. Pat. 4.471,
No. 207〉.

The known monitoring device includes a welding power source, a unit generating a signal proportional to the welding current, a unit generating a signal proportional to the welding voltage, the above-mentioned unit coupled to the above-mentioned welding power source, an audible sound corresponding to the welding parameters. an audible signal generator for generating a current-voltage proportional signal, a limit value element having its input coupled to the output of the unit generating the current-proportional signal and its output coupled to the input of the audible signal generator; a recorder coupled to the output of the unit for generating the arc welding process, and a welder's helmet with headphones from which an audible signal arrives simultaneously with the recorder to enable audible monitoring of the arc welding process.

The device described above operates in the following manner. An audible tone is generated and frequency modulated by a signal corresponding to the welding voltage. The tone is amplitude-modulated by a signal corresponding to the welding current. The user is thus provided with a combined feedback signal having a pitch proportional to voltage and a capacitance proportional to current.

Secondary modulation means are disclosed for introducing a wobble proportionate to the current into the tone.

The feedback signals obtained in monitoring with such devices are frequency and amplitude modulated, which allows quality assessment of the welding process but prevents reliable and accurate quantitative monitoring of the welding parameters (current and voltage).

Multiparametric welding processes cannot legitimately be monitored by the use of information related to weld quality, which is related to changes in current and voltage. Although the welding process is evaluably influenced by changes in voltage and current, its stability ensures a high-quality weld with the desired properties and dimensions over its entire length, but a fairly large number of parameters are maintained within the best limits. When it is done, it is possible to get it. These are, for example, welding speed, electrode inclination, and the aforementioned welding current and voltage. The reason we need stabilization of the welding speed is that fluctuations in it interfere with the metallurgical reactions, which are caused by irregular inputs of heat, molten metal, and additives, and from air along with gases or other protectors. This is because it is an unfavorable condition that also causes metal segregation and changes in the shape and depth of the weld.

When speed fluctuations are large, undercuts and porous areas exist within the weld due to unstable hydraulic conditions within the weld pool. Metal transfer within the arc and melting of the base metal is appreciably affected by variations in electrode tilt. By keeping it within predetermined limits, for example in manual arc welding of groove joints, the layer of molten slag on the molten metal is uniformly arranged within the bead so that the weld metal does not melt. You can prevent it from reaching the top.

In mechanical gas-protected arc welding, undesired changes in electrode tilt θ increase sputtering, which also changes the heat, electrode and filler metal, and other condition inputs and increases the probability of defects in the weldment. This is a factor that increases the

Changes in welding speed and electrode inclination are not taken into account in known equipment, and this change is due to impaired welding conditions.
Disadvantages occur, for example, when the user is unskilled and prevent the monitoring of individual quantities or parameter sets. As a result, the reliability of welding process monitoring is considerably reduced.

Moreover, the known device uses only two interrelated parameters (welding current and voltage) and does not take other welding parameters into account. This prevents effective monitoring of the welding process, which is why the user cannot By changing the audible sound frequency in the headphones, in case of any variation of the amplitude and other parameters, for example of the welding voltage and current, with a corresponding simultaneous change in the welding speed. feedback signal, which has little effect on the conditions for obtaining a high-quality weldment, so the welder receives unnecessary audible feedback signals that unintentionally impair the quality of welding. As a result of the foregoing, the known device does not allow continuous step-by-step monitoring of the welding process, the first step of which is to monitor one predetermined quantity, such as the welding voltage or current, speed, electrode. The second step involves the monitoring of the slope, while the second step is to evaluate the interrelationships between the measured values and one or more of the best parameters adapted to meet the requirements for actual high-quality welding. It is concluded that considering different combinations of it should be monitored by comparing with reference data.

Furthermore, the reason why the known device does not allow effective monitoring of the welding process is that it only requires two welding parameters (current and voltage).
This is because the relationship between is exploited by the generation of tones with variable characteristics, such as the amplitude depending on one parameter, for example the welding current, and the frequency depending on another parameter, for example the welding voltage. This disadvantage is due to the fact that it typically takes a long time for the welder to become attuned to the frequency and amplitude of the audible tonal characteristics of high quality welds under individual welding conditions. The reason why adaptation to tone amplitude requires more time is that the frequency characteristics of the worker's auditory organs are more sensitive and persistent than the amplitude characteristics, which are highly dependent on the physiological characteristics of each person.

The perception of the amplitude of special tones is therefore more quickly influenced by factors such as audible welding characteristics, such as noise originating from the arc. Another factor to consider is
Involuntary misalignment of the headphones from the welder's auditory system, which significantly affects the perception of tonal amplitude, but less so the tonal frequency.

The welder's ability to recognize an individual's best tonal frequency indicative of a high quality weld is hampered by the use of different frequencies in known equipment to adapt to the individual welding parameters determined by the welding conditions. In order to obtain high quality welds under different welding conditions, the above welding parameters should be varied appropriately. Therefore, the welder should
The quality of the weldment under different welding conditions cannot be directly monitored by known devices in which the current value is set depending on other welding parameters.

The accuracy of monitoring the welding process and therefore its effectiveness depends on the wide use of amplitude modulation of the signal proportional to the welding parameters and of these frequency modulations without significantly changing the parameters in order to obtain high-quality welds in different welding conditions. Therefore, it decreases considerably.

Furthermore, the qualitative monitoring of varying welding parameters is such that the known devices determine with a fairly high accuracy the numerical values of the above-mentioned welding parameters that correspond to a high-quality weld, and that these are used for the generation of audible tones indicative of a high-quality weld. Prevents use of the device.

In manual and mechanized arc welding, (28) the operation of the known device is adversely affected by supply line voltage disturbances. Such effects result in sudden fluctuations in welding current and voltage from predetermined values, thereby causing a pseudo-audible feedback signal to be heard in the welder's headphones, interfering with normal monitoring.

Also, in mechanized gas-protected arc welding, the operation of the aforementioned equipment is adversely affected by disturbances in the electrode feed rate, which occur primarily due to changes in the feeder drive speed. This results in sudden fluctuations in the welding current from a predetermined value, thereby causing a marginal pseudo-audible feedback signal to be heard in the welder's headphones, which impairs the monitoring process.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

The object of the invention is to provide an arc welding monitoring device in which the values of welding parameters are monitored separately and in conjunction and in which these values are simultaneously increased due to a correction circuit.

[Means to solve the problem]

The above-mentioned challenges include a welding power source, a unit that generates a signal proportional to the welding current, a unit that generates a signal proportional to the welding voltage (the above two units are coupled to the above power source), and a unit that responds to the arc welding parameters. an audible signal generator for supplying an audible signal to produce a signal proportional to the welding current, with its input coupled to the output of the unit generating a signal proportional to the welding current and its output coupled to the input of the audible signal generator; Arc welding welding monitoring device comprising a value element, an information recorder and a welder's helmet with playback means for receiving an audible signal from an audible signal generator simultaneously with the information recorder for audible monitoring of the welding process. According to the invention, the present invention includes a welding current comparator and a welding voltage comparator, where one input of each comparator has an output of a unit generating a signal proportional to the welding current and a signal proportional to the welding voltage, respectively. The output of the above comparator is coupled to the output of the signal generating unit, the second input of which receives the welding current and voltage setting signals respectively, while the output of the above comparator responds to the input of the information recorder and variations in the monitored parameter. a signal switch with an input coupled to the output of the welding current and voltage comparator,
A signal switch responsive to incremental changes in the monitored parameter is coupled to the inputs of a monitoring sequence logic analyzer including current and voltage adders, with one input of each adder each generating a signal proportional to the welding current. the second input of the above adder is combined with the respective second input of the welding current and voltage comparator, while , its output is coupled to the input of a signal switch responsive to incremental changes in the above parameters, while the outputs of both switches serve as outputs of the logic analyzer and coupled to the inputs of an audible signal generator. It is resolved by

Preferably, the monitoring device according to the invention comprises a unit which generates a signal proportional to the welding speed and is connected to an input of an information recorder, one input of which is connected to a unit which generates a signal proportional to the welding current. a welding speed comparator, and having its output coupled to the input of the welding speed comparator;
The logic analyzer generates a signal proportional to the welding speed between the output of the unit and the output of the welding speed setting circuit, while its output includes a welding speed setting circuit whose output is coupled to an audible signal generator and an input of an information recorder. a signal subtractor circuit having its input coupled to an audible signal generator, with its output coupled to an input of an audible signal generator.

For the monitoring of mechanized consumable electrode arc welding, the proposed monitoring device preferably comprises a consumable electrode feed rate sensor, a unit generating a signal proportional to the consumable electrode feed rate, and one input of which is the welding current. It includes a consumable electrode feed rate comparator that receives the set signal and whose output is coupled to an input of an information recorder.

Advantageously, the logic analyzer includes a circuit used to determine the effect of varying consumable electrode feed rates, including a consumable electrode feed rate switch coupled to the output of the unit generating a signal proportional to the welding current; a first adder, one input of which receives a welding current setting signal, while another input of it is coupled to the output of the unit generating a signal proportional to the consumable electrode feed rate, and a first adder; and has its input coupled to the output of the consumable electrode feed rate switch, while its output is coupled to the input of said switch, and the output of said switch is coupled to the input of the welding current comparator. A second summer is included, where the output of the consumable electrode feed rate switch is preferably coupled to the input of the current summer.

Also advantageously, the monitoring device according to the invention comprises a supply line voltage converter connected to the supply line of the welding power source, an input thereof connected to the supply line voltage converter and an output thereof connected to an information recorder. a second limit value element with a second limit value element, in which the output of the supply line voltage converter advantageously includes a second summer included in the circuit used to determine the influence of the varying consumable electrode feed rate. is connected to the input of

Further advantageously, the logic analyzer is used to determine the effect of the power line voltage on a circuit incorporating a supply line voltage adder, the input of which is coupled to a supply line voltage converter, and proportional to the welding voltage. a supply line switch coupled to the output of the unit generating the signal and the output of a supply line voltage adder, the output of said switch being coupled to the input of said adder and the output of a welding voltage comparator; Meanwhile, the output of a switch included in the circuit used to determine the effect of the supply line voltage is preferably coupled to the input of the welding voltage summer.

Preferably, a monitoring device consistent with the invention is configured to generate a signal proportional to the welding energy per unit and whose input is coupled to the output of the unit generating a signal proportional to the welding current, proportional to the welding voltage. a unit that generates a signal proportional to the welding speed, and a unit that generates a signal proportional to the welding speed, the output of which is a logic analyzer, one input of which is a unit that generates a signal proportional to the welding energy per unit. The output of the welding energy per unit comparator is coupled to the input of the information recorder and the output of the welding energy per unit comparator, while another input thereof receives a per unit welding energy setting signal. a welding energy per unit comparator coupled to the input of the logic analyzer including a welding energy per unit switch with its input and its output serving as the output of the logic analyzer, and one input of which is the welding energy per unit switch; and another input of it is connected to a per-unit welding energy adder that receives a per-unit welding energy setting signal, while its output is simultaneously coupled to a logic analysis and is connected to the input of the audible signal generator in conjunction with the output of the per unit welding energy switch.

In order to combine the functions of the unit generating a signal proportional to the welding energy per unit with the other units of the monitoring device, a logic analyzer is preferably coupled to the input of the unit generating a signal proportional to the welding energy per unit. the output of which is connected to each unit 1 which generates signals proportional to the welding current and voltage and to a circuit used to determine the effect of varying consumable electrode feed rates and the effect of supply line voltage. Includes a monitor mode switch with an input for it.

Furthermore, the monitoring device forming an object of the invention advantageously includes a unit for generating the welding parameter setting signals to be monitored, while the logic analyzer switches the setting signal for each parameter to be monitored and outputs it. means serving as an output of a logic analyzer, a setting signal switching unit having an output coupled to an input of a setting signal switch and an input coupled to an output of a unit generating a monitored welding parameter setting signal; comprises a signal switching unit coupled to the unit generating signals proportional to the welding current, voltage and energy per unit, while the output thereof is coupled to the input of the unit generating the welding parameter setting signals to be monitored. be done.

The monitoring device according to the invention preferably includes a transducer for measuring the inclination between the electrode axis and the normal to the surface of the workpiece, the inclination measuring transducer being connected via its input to the output of the inclination transducer. , and is connected to a logic analyzer having a tilt switch which is connected via its output to an audible signal generator and an information recorder.

More preferably, the logic analyzer includes a write signal switch, one input of the switch is coupled to the output of the slope converter, another input is coupled to the write signal setting element, and the output of the switch is coupled to the output of the slope converter, and the output of the switch is coupled to the write signal setting element. It acts as an output and is coupled to an input of the unit which generates a signal setting signal to be monitored.

Also preferably, the monitoring device according to the invention comprises a welding timer, the control input of which is coupled to the output of a unit generating a signal proportional to the welding speed, and one input of which is coupled to the output of the welding timer and of which Another input includes a gate element coupled to the output of the first limit value element, the output of the gate element and the weld timer being an information recorder, and a logic comprising an AND gate whose numbers correspond to the numbers of the monitored parameter. one input of each gate is connected to the input of the analyzer, one input of each gate is connected to each comparator, another input of each AND gate is connected to the output of the gate element, while its output is connected as the output of the logic analyzer. useful and coupled to an information recorder.

Advantageously, the audible signal generator uses frequency and amplitude modulation and according to the invention means for converting a voltage corresponding to an increment in the monitored parameter into an audio frequency, the input of which is the monitored parameter. The output of the signal switch is coupled to the input of the voltage comparator, while the output of the signal switch is coupled to the input of the voltage comparator, which is responsive to increasing changes in the monitored parameter and the output of the signal subtraction circuit. a monitored parameter selection circuit coupled via its input to the output of the responsive signal switch and the output of the welding speed comparator and via its output to the control input of the monitored parameter augmentation signal switch; , and coupled via its input to the output of the multiplex piebreak and the output of the voltage converter, and via its control input to the output of the monitored parameter selection circuit and the output of the first limit value element. includes an audible signal modulation circuit,
Its output acts as the output of the audible signal generator (38
) and coupled to playback means.

Also advantageously, the logic analyzer has a modulation mode switch, which switch is responsive to increases in the monitored parameters, with that one coupled to the output of the welding current, voltage, and energy per unit adder. The parameter selection circuit to be monitored has its output coupled to the input of the voltage converter, while the input of it serves as the input of the audible signal generator, first and second AND gates, AND
a selected parameter transfer switch having its output coupled to the output of the gate and the power line transfer logic signals 0 and 1; a flip-flop whose input is coupled to the output of the selected parameter transfer switch; One input is coupled to the output of the flip-flop, and the second input is coupled to the output of a signal switch responsive to variations in the monitored parameter, while the second input of the second output AND gate is coupled to the output of the flip-flop. a first and second output AND gate coupled to the output of the speed comparator and an OR gate whose inputs are coupled to the outputs of the first output AND gate and the second output AND gate, while its output is , and at the same time the output of the parameter selection circuit which is monitored, the audio signal modulation circuit preferably comprising two AND gates.

Advantageously, the output of the audible signal modulation circuit is coupled to the input of two secondary frequency modulation OR gates, another input of which is coupled to the output of an electrode gradient multiplexed piebreak; is coupled to the output of the tilt switch.

The monitored parameter selection circuit preferably includes two OR gates for selecting a signal indicative of the welding energy per unit, the first input of each gate being coupled to the output of a flip-flop, and the first input of said gate being coupled to the output of a flip-flop. The second input is connected to the output of the per unit welding energy switch, which switch is also connected to the input of the first and second output AND gate 1, while the output of the above signal selection OR gate is the parameter to be monitored. Serves as the output of the selection circuit,
The input of the monitored parameter increase signal switch is connected to the output of the welding energy per unit adder.

Further advantageously, the audible signal generator is coupled to the output of a signal switch whose input is responsive to variations in the monitored parameter and to the output of the welding speed comparator. Monitored parameters with outputs coupled to the output selection switch, the output of the monitored parameter selection switch, the output of the welding energy per unit switch, the output of the slope switch, the output of the welding speed comparator and the output of the logic analyzer an address switch, the supplementary inputs and outputs of which are coupled to the control outputs and control inputs of the address switch, respectively; a monitored parameter address counter, which stores the code of the monitored parameter; and whose inputs The output of the monitored parameter address switch and the monitored parameter address counter are connected to a storage device, which converts the code into a voltage corresponding to the monitored parameter, and the input of the above code voltage converter is connected to the storage device a transducer coupled to the output of the
and gate the output signal, one input of this gate is coupled to the output of the code voltage converter, and another input of it is coupled to the output of the first limit value element, while it includes an AND gate; The output of acts as the output of the audible signal generator.

Also preferably, the unit for generating the monitored parameter setting signal comprises a monitored parameter comparator, one input of which is coupled to a logic analyzer, for recording the variation of the monitored parameter from a preset value; These clock inputs are connected to the clock pulse generator from the first flip-flop and the second flip-flop, from preset values, while the data inputs of the above flip-flops are coupled to the output of the monitored parameter comparator. , whose input is recorded at the output of a first variation recording flip-flop and a second variation recording flip-flop, and whose clock input is coupled to the output of a clock pulse generator. The input of the code voltage converter is coupled to the output of the variable counter (42), the output of which generates the parameter setting signal to be monitored. a second converter serving as the output of the unit, each input of it is coupled to the output of the second converter converting the code into a voltage corresponding to the parameter being monitored; two amplifiers coupled to the second input of the comparator, and its data input coupled to the output of the variation counter, its control input combined with the control input of the second code voltage converter, and a logic It includes a set signal indicating circuit coupled to the output of the analyzer.

Advantageously, the unit generating a signal proportional to solution velocity comprises a radiation sensor arranged along the weld to be monitored, a radiation signal switch whose data input is coupled to each radiation sensor, a first of which a radiated signal gating element whose second inputs are respectively coupled to the output of the radiated signal switch and the output of the pulse generator; The output comprises means for forming a signal indicative of the radiation serving as the output of the unit generating a signal proportional to the welding speed, and means for addressing the radiation sensor (43), the input of said signal form rll means being indicative of the radiation. The pair of signal shaping means is coupled to the output of the signal shaping means, the output of which is in turn coupled to each control input of the radiated signal switch, while the control output thereof is coupled to the input of the radiated signal gating element.

〔Example〕

The arc welding monitoring device according to the invention comprises a welder's room 1 (F
) includes a welding power source 5 electrically coupled to the electrode 4, an audible signal generator 6 for generating an audible signal indicative of welding parameters, and an information recorder 7. The proposed monitoring device further comprises a unit 8 for generating a signal proportional to the welding current, which unit is coupled via an input 9 to the output of the power source 5 and for generating a signal proportional to the welding voltage at the electrode 4. unit 10 which is connected via an input 11 to the output of the power supply 5, and to a limit value element 12.

Limit value element 12 has its input connected to the output of unit 8 and its output connected to input 14 of generator 6.

The welding monitoring signal is simultaneously applied to the information recorder 7 and as an audible tone from the generator 6 to the welder's helmet 15 with playback means 16.

Consistent with the invention, the monitoring device also includes a welding current comparator 17 and a welding voltage comparator 18 whose inputs 19 and 20 are coupled to the outputs of units 8 and 10, respectively.

Inputs 21 and 22 of comparators 17 and 18 are connected to resistor 2, respectively.
3 and 24 are welding current and voltage setting signals. The outputs of comparators 17 and 18 are respectively connected to unit 7
at the inputs 25, 26 of the monitor sequence logic analyzer 3
The signal switch 29 is connected to the input 27.28 of the switch 29, which responds to variations in the monitored parameter compared within 0.

Logic analyzer 30 also includes a signal switch 31 responsive to incremental changes in the monitored parameter, and welding current and voltage summers 32,33. Inputs 34 and 3 of adders 32 and 33
5 are connected to the output of unit 8 and the output of unit 10, respectively. Inputs 36 and 37 of adders 32 and 33 are respectively combined with input 2l of comparator 17 and with input 22 of comparator 18, while their outputs are respectively
It is coupled to inputs 38 and 39 of switch 31.

The outputs of switches 29 and 31, which serve as outputs of logic analyzer 30, are coupled to inputs 40 and 41 of generator 6, respectively.

Furthermore, the proposed monitoring device includes a unit 42 coupled to an input 43 of the unit 7 and generating a signal proportional to the welding speed.

The monitoring device according to the invention also includes a welding speed comparator 44;
Its input 45 is connected to the unit 42 and the welding speed setting circuit 46.
connected to. Welding speed setting circuit 46 has its output coupled to input 47 of comparator 44 .
The output of is coupled to the input 48 of the generator 6 and the input 49 of the unit 7. Logic analyzer 30 includes a signal subtraction circuit 50 whose inputs 51 and 52 are coupled to the output of unit 42 and to the output of circuit 46, respectively, while its output is coupled to input 53 of generator 6. be done. Welding torch 54 with a feeding mechanism 55 for the consumable electrode 4 representing the electrode wire
In mechanized arc welding carried out by the use of FIG. a feed mechanism 55, a unit 57 which generates a signal proportional to the feed rate of the consumable electrode 4 and is coupled to the output of the sensor 56, and a consumable electrode feed rate comparator 58 whose input 59 receives the welding current setting signal.
while its output is connected to the input 60 of the information recorder 7.

Furthermore, the logic analyzer 30 includes a circuit 61 used to determine the effect of varying consumable electrode feed rates, whose inputs 63 and 64 are coupled to the output of the unit 8. Consumable electrode feed rate switch 6
Contains 2. The circuit 61 includes a summer 65 in which an input 66 receives the welding current setting signal taken from the movable contact of the resistor 23 and an input 67 in which a switch whose input 69 is coupled to the output of the unit 57 68 while its input 70 accepts a welding current setting signal taken from the movable contact of resistor 23. The output of the adder 65 is the input 71 of the adder 72 whose input 73 is coupled to the output of the switch 62 (47).
while its output is connected to the input 74 of the same switch 62, whose input 75 is grounded.

The output of switch 62 is also coupled to input 34 of adder 32.

A monitoring device which further forms the object of the invention includes a supply line voltage converter 76 (FIG. 3), the input 7 of which converter 76
7 is connected to the supply line of the welding power source 5 and a limit value element 78 with its input 79 connected to the supply line voltage converter 76 and its output connected to the input 80 of the unit 7.

Additionally, the output of converter 76 is coupled to an input 81 of adder 72 included within logic analyzer 30.

Logic analyzer 30 includes a circuit 82 used to determine the effects of the supply line voltage, which circuit 82 connects via input 84 to converter 76 and supply line voltage switch 85 (inputs 86 and 87 of unit 10). The input 88 is connected to the output of the adder 83 while the input 89 is connected to ground. The outputs of the switches 8 are respectively connected to the inputs 90 of the adders 83.
and the input 20 of the welding voltage comparator 18.

Additionally, the output of switch 85 is coupled to input 35 of adder 33.

The preferred embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 4 is used for monitoring welding energy per unit.

It includes a unit 91 generating a signal proportional to the welding energy per unit, the inputs 92, 93 and 94 of which are coupled to the outputs of units 8.10 and 42, respectively. The output of unit 91 is coupled to an input 95 of a welding energy per unit comparator 96 , where input 97 of comparator 96 receives a welding energy per unit setting signal provided by resistor 98 . Comparator 9
The output of 6 is coupled to the input 99 of unit 7. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, logic analyzer 30 includes a per unit welding energy switch 100, in which input 1 (H
is coupled to a per unit welding energy setting signal taken from the movable contact of resistor 98. The output of adder 105, which serves as the output of logic analyzer 30, is coupled to input 108 of generator 6.

For coupling between unit 91 and the other units of the monitoring system, logic analyzer 30 further includes a monitoring mode switch 109 (FIG. 5) whose output is coupled to inputs 92 and 93 of unit 91. Input 1 of switch 109
10 and 111 are respectively coupled to the outputs of units 8 and 10, while their inputs 112 and 113 are respectively
The output of switch 62 is connected to input 19 of comparator 17 (FIG. 1), and the output of switch 85 (FIG. 5) is connected to input 20 of comparator 18 (FIG. 1).

FIG. 6 is another embodiment of a monitoring device including a unit 114 for generating monitored welding parameter setting signals. In the illustrated example, the logic analyzer 30 has a welding current,
Voltage and per unit energy setting signal switch 1
15. 116 and 117, resistance 23.24 and 9
Input 118. of the above-mentioned switch receives a configuration signal derived from 8. 119 and 120, respectively. Switch 115. The outputs of 116 and 117 are simultaneously the outputs of the logic analyzer 30 and the outputs of the comparator 17, respectively.
．． 18 and 96 are connected to inputs 21 , 22 and 97 . Furthermore, the logic analyzer 30 includes a configuration signal switching unit 121 whose output is connected to a switch 115 . 116 and 117 input 1
22, 123 and 124, its input 125 being coupled to the output of unit 114. Logic analyzer 30 also has its inputs 127, 128 and 129 connected to units 8 . Current signal switching unit 12 coupled to the outputs of 10 and 91
Contains 6.

In the embodiment of FIG. 7, a transducer 131 is coupled to a monitoring device to measure the slope between the electrode axis and the normal to the workpiece surface. In the illustrated example, the logic analyzer 30 is an inverter 13
2, the input 133 of this inverter 132 is connected to the converter 131 and to the inverter 132 via an input 135.
to the output of and via the output of the generator 6 input 13
6 and the output of a tilt switch 134 which is connected to an input 137 of unit 7. Input 13 of switch 134
8 is grounded.

Furthermore, the logic analyzer 30 includes a signal writing switch 139, the input 140 of which is coupled to the output of the converter 131, while the input 141 thereof is coupled to the output of the signal writing configuration element 142, in which case the logic signal 1 is generated therein by the use of resistor 143. The output of switch 139, which serves as the output of logic analyzer 30, is coupled to input 144 (FIG. 6) of unit 114. Element 1
42's input 145 (FIG. 7) is grounded.

FIG. 8 shows the connected state of the welding timer 146; in the illustrated example, the control input 147 of the timer 146 is connected to the output of the unit 142, and the output of the timer 146 is connected to the unit 7.
is connected to an input 148 of the gate element 150 and an input 149 of a gate element 150 whose input 151 is connected to the limit value element 1
2, while its output is connected to the input 152 of unit 7. Logic analyzer 30 includes AND gates 153-157 whose inputs 158-162
is connected to the output of element 150, while inputs 163-1
67 are respectively coupled to the current comparator 17, voltage ratio comparator 18, speed comparator 44, per unit, welding energy comparator 96 and inverter 132 by the use of switches 168-172, with AND gate 153 The outputs 157 to 157 serve as the outputs of the logic analyzer 30 and the inputs 17 of the unit 7.
3 to 177.

In the proposed monitoring device, the audible signal generator 6 (FIG. 9) comprises means 178 for converting a voltage corresponding to an increase in the monitored parameter into an audible frequency and a monitored parameter increase signal switch 179. , the inputs 180 and 181 of this switch are coupled to the output of switch 31 and the output of circuit 50, respectively, while its output is coupled to input 182 of converter 178. Generator 6 is also connected to the output of switch 29 via input 184 and to input 185.
includes a monitored parameter selection circuit 183 coupled to the output of comparator 44 via a circuit 183 , while the output of circuit 183 is coupled to input 186 of multiple pie break 187 . Furthermore, the generator 6 connects inputs 191 . 192 to the output of converter 178, control input 193. 194
via the circuit (53> 183 (this is the control input 195, 1 of the switch 179)
96 ), and the control input 197
includes an audible signal modulation circuit 188 coupled to the output of limit value element 12 via 198;

The output of circuit 188 serves as the output of generator 6 and is coupled to playback means 16. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, logic analyzer 30 includes a supervisory mode selection switch in which inputs 200 and 201 are combined and adapted to receive logic signal 1 derived from resistor 202 and input 203 is adapted to receive logic signal 1 derived from resistor 202. and 204 are combined and suitably grounded, and the output serving as the output of logic analyzer 30 is coupled to inputs 205 and 206 of circuit 183.

Logic analyzer 30 further includes inputs 208, 209, 2
10 to the outputs of the current, voltage, and energy per unit summers 32, 33 and 105, and via its output to the input 211 of the voltage converter 178.

Within the audible signal generator 6, the monitored parameter selection circuit 183 (FIG. 10) includes AND gates 212 and 213.
, the inverting input 21 of gate 213 coupled to the direct input 214 of gate 212 and to the input 184 of circuit 183.
5, while the inverting input 216 of gate 212 and the direct input 217 of gate 213 are coupled to input 185 of circuit 183.

Circuit 183 also includes a switch 218 whose control inputs 219 and 220 are coupled to inputs 205 and 206 of selected parameter transfer circuit 183, with data inputs 221 and 222 of switch 218 coupled to AND gates 212 and 213. while the switch 21
8 data inputs 223 and 224 are coupled together to a power line carrying a logic signal 0, while data inputs 225 and 226 of switch 218 are coupled to a power line carrying a logic signal 1. The output of switch 218 is coupled to inputs 227 and 228 of flip-flop 229, whose output is coupled to output AND gate 232.
and 233 to inputs 230 and 231, respectively, with inputs 234 and 235 of said gates respectively being connected to AN
Directly connected to inputs 214 and 217 of D gates 212 and 213. The outputs of AND gates 232 and 233 are respectively coupled to inputs 236 and 237 of an OR gate 238 whose output serves as the output of circuit 183 and is coupled to input 186 of multiple pie break 187.

Additionally, circuit 188 included within generator 6 includes AND gates 239 and 240. The input and output of AND gate 239 are simultaneously connected to inputs 189, 191, and 191 of circuit 188.
193. 197 and serves as an output. The input and output of AND gate 240 are simultaneously connected to input 1 of circuit 188.
90, 192, 194, 198 and serves as output.

Inputs 241 and 242 of OR gates 243 and 244 are also coupled to the output of circuit 188 in generator 6, and its input 24
5 and 246 whose input 248 is the tilt switch 134
The electrode slope is connected to the output of the multiple pie break.

Additionally, circuit 183 of generator 6 includes OR gates 249 and 250 that select a signal indicative of welding energy per unit.
, in which inputs 251 and 252 are coupled to the output of flip-flop 229, while inputs 253 and 25
4 is connected to the output of the per unit energy switch 100 which is also connected to the outputs 255 and 256 of the output AND gates 232 and 233.

The outputs of OR gates 249 and 250 serve as outputs of circuit 183 and control inputs 195 and 19 of switch 179.
6. The output of adder 105 is connected to input 257 of switch 179 .

Another embodiment of the audible signal generator 6 is shown in FIG. Referring to the figure, it includes a monitored parameter selection switch 258 in which inputs 259 and 260 are coupled to the output of switch 29, inputs 261 and 262 are coupled to the output of comparator 44, and inputs 263 and 264 are coupled to the output of comparator 44. is grounded and control inputs 265 and 266 are connected to switch 199.
is concatenated to the output of Furthermore, the generator 6 includes a monitored parameter address switch 267, which switch 2
67 is an input 268 connected to the output of switch 258;
269, input 27 coupled to the output of switch 100
0, an input 271 coupled to the output of the switch 134, an input 272 coupled to the output of the comparator 44, and an input 273 coupled to the output of the signal switch 274 (57) indicating a variation signal of the parameter being monitored. and then input 27 of the above switch
5 and 276 are coupled to the outputs of comparators 17 and 18, respectively. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, generator 6 includes a monitored parameter address counter 277 whose supplementary input 278 and output are each coupled to a control input 279 of switch 267. Furthermore, the generator 6 includes a memory 280 holding the code of the parameter to be monitored, which is coupled via its input 281 to the output of the switch 267 and to the output of the counter 277, while the output of the memory 280 is Input 2 of means 283 for converting the code into a voltage corresponding to the monitored parameter
82. The output of code-to-voltage converter 283 is coupled to the input 284 of audio signal filter 285.

The output of filter 285 is coupled to an input 286 of an output signal gating element 287 whose input 288 is coupled to the output of limit value element 12 . The output of element 287, which simultaneously serves as the output of generator 6, is coupled to playback means 16.

A preferred embodiment of the unit 114 for generating the configuration signal is shown in FIG. Referring to the figure, unit 114 includes a monitored parameter comparator 289 whose input 290 is coupled to the output of logic analyzer 30 through input 130 of unit 114. The output of the comparator 289 is coupled to the data inputs 291 and 292 of respective flip-flops 293 and 294 which record the variation of the monitored parameter from a predetermined value, with the clock input 295 of said flip-flop and 296 are coupled to the output of clock pulse generator 297. The generator 297 is
It includes a pulse generator 298 and a delay element 299. The output of pulse generator 298 is coupled to the output of clock pulse generator 297.

The output of generator 298 is coupled to the input 300 of delay element 299, the output of which is connected to flip-flops 293 and 294.
is connected to the remaining inputs 301 and 302 of. Furthermore, the unit 114 includes a counter 303 for storing the variation of the monitored parameter from a preset value, the inputs 304 and 305 of said counter being coupled to the outputs of flip-flops 293 and 294, respectively; Clock input 306 is coupled to the output of generator 298. The output of counter 303 is input 3 of means 308 for converting the code into a voltage corresponding to the monitored parameter.
07, the output of the code-to-voltage converter mentioned above being at the same time the output of unit 114.

Furthermore, unit 114 includes amplifiers 309 and 310;
These amplifiers have inputs 311 and 312 thereof coupled to the output of converter 308, and input 3 of comparator 289.
13 and 314.

Unit 114 also includes a set signal indicating circuit 315, whose data input 316 is coupled to the output of counter 303, while its control input 317 is connected to converter 30.
8 is coupled to the output of the logic analyzer 30.

FIG. 13 shows a preferred embodiment of a unit 42 for generating a signal proportional to welding speed. Referring to the figure, unit 4
2 is a radiation sensor (31'9-1, 319-2, . . . 319-n) arranged along the welded part to be monitored.
) and its data input (321-1. 321-2,
...321-n) include a radiation signal switch 320 coupled to a respective radiation sensor 319. Further unit 4
2 includes a radiated signal gating element 322 and its input 3
23 and 324 are coupled to the output of switch 320 and the output of pulse generator 325, respectively. Unit 42 also
Means 3 for forming a signal indicative of radiation, including a counter 327
26, its clock input 328 is coupled to the output of element 322, while its complementary output is coupled to the data input 329 of a flip-flop 330, whose clock input 311 is coupled to the output of generator 325. Concatenated.

The output of the flip-flop 330 is coupled to the remaining input 332 of a counter 327 whose supplementary output serves as the output of the unit 42 and which is connected to the sensor 3
19 is connected to an input 333 of a means 334 for forming an address. The output of the address forming means 334 is the switch 3
20 , while its control output is coupled to an input 336 of element 322 . The control inputs 337 and 338 of the address forming means 334 and the flip-flop 330 are respectively coupled and unit 4
2 configuration input.

The welder's room 1 may be constructed in any known manner.

(61) The articles 2 to be welded are workpieces suitable for butts, fillets and lap joints.

The electrode holder 3 is any device suitable for manual consumable electrode arc welding.

The consumable electrode 4 is any suitable electrode for manual arc welding. Welding power source 5 is any power source suitable for consumable electrode arc welding.

Means 178 for converting a voltage indicating an incremental change in the monitored parameter to an audible frequency is arranged as shown in FIG. Referring to the figure, the means 178 described above includes a voltage-to-frequency converter 339, the input 340 of which is coupled to the output of the switch 207, the output of the converter 339 being combined with an amplifier 342; Control input 343 of 342 is input 34 of converter 339
Combined with 0. The output of amplifier 342 is sent to adder 34
5, whose input 346 is simultaneously the input 182 of converter 178, while its output is connected to input 347 of voltage-to-frequency converter 348. The output of converter 348, which serves as the output of converter 178, is coupled to the input of circuit 188.

Voltage-to-frequency converters 339 and 348 are constructed in a known manner.

Amplifier 342 uses a known controlled gain amplification circuit. Adder 345 can use a known analog adder circuit. Switch 179 is a known analog signal switch. Switch 199 uses a known circuit including two independent two-position switches.

Switch 218 is a known digital signal switch.

Switches 258 and 267 are known digital signal switches. Switch 274 is a known three-position switch.

Counter 277 is a binary device. Storage device 28
0 is a well-known multi-address storage device.

The code/voltage converter 283 is a known digital/analog converter.

Output signal gating element 287 is a well-known AND gate.

(63> Information recorder 7 is any digital or analog recorder.

The unit 8 that generates a signal proportional to the welding current includes a first
It is constructed as shown in FIG. Referring to the figure, unit 8 is a resistive current converter 34 inserted into the welding circuit.
9, the first lead of said converter being connected to input 9 of said unit and the first lead of resistor 350, the second lead of resistor 350 being connected to the direct input 351 of differential amplifier 352; and resistance 353, variable resistance 354
and resistor 355, and the above resistors are placed in series.

The second lead of transducer 349 is combined with the lead of resistor 356, and the second lead of resistor 356 is combined with the lead of resistor 356.
, is combined with resistor 357 and inverting input 358 of amplifier 352. The output of amplifier 352 is combined with the second lead of resistor 357 and the input 359 of low pass filter 360. The output of filter 360 simultaneously serves as the output of unit 8 and is coupled to the input of comparator 1B and to the input of limit value element 12.

The resistive current converter 349 is a known device, more particularly a shunt.

Differential amplifier 352 is any known amplifier.

A unit 10 for generating a signal proportional to the welding voltage is constructed as shown in FIG. Referring to the figure,
Unit 10 includes a variable resistor 361 whose first lead is coupled to input 11 of unit 10, while its second lead is grounded. A movable contact of variable resistor 361 is coupled to input 362 of low-pass filter 363. The output of filter 363, which serves as the output of unit 10, is coupled to the input of comparator 18.

The limit value element 12 is a known element, more particularly a Schmitt trigger.

The welder's helmet 12 is any standard helmet for welders. The playback means 16 is a headphone with a separate interlocking insert.

Welding current, voltage, consumable electrode feed rate and energy per unit comparators 17, 18, 58 and 96, respectively, are configured as shown in FIG. More particularly, the comparator 7 according to the invention includes a limit value element 364;
The direct input 365 of this element 364 is coupled to the input of unit 8 which receives the current welding current signal, while its inverting input 366 receives input 21 which receives the welding current setting signal.
connected to. Connected to the input 21 of the comparator 17 is the direct input 367 of a limit value element 368, whose inverting input 369 is combined with the input 365 of the limit value element 364, the output of which is then connected to the input 367 of the limit value element 368. Serves as an output and is coupled to unit 7 and switch 274.

The limit value elements 364 and 368 are connected to the inputs 370 and 371 of an OR gate 372, the output of which simultaneously serves as the output of the comparator 17 and is connected to the input of the unit 7 and to the input of the switch 29.

Limit elements 364 and 368 are known analog signal limit elements. Switches 29 and 31 are known externally operated two-position switches. Adders 32 and 33 are known analog adders.

The radiation sensor 319 is a known device, more particularly a photodiode. Switch 320 is a known analog switch. The radiated signal gating element 322 is a conventional AND
It is a gate. Counter 327 and forming device 334 are conventional binary counters.

Welding speed comparator 44 is constructed as shown in FIG. Comparator 44 includes a pulse former 373 having its input 374 coupled to input 45 of comparator 44 and its output coupled to input 375 of delay element 376. The output of the former 373 and the output of the delay element 376 are connected to respective inputs 377 of the OR gate 379.
and 378, and the output of OR gate 379 is connected to AN
It is connected to an inverting input 380 of a D gate 381 . The output of pulse generator 383 is coupled to a direct input 382 of AND gate 381.

Comparator 44 further includes a decoder 384 in which input 385 is coupled to input 47 of comparator 44 and input 386 is coupled to the output of former 373, while the output of decoder 384 is coupled to counters 389 and 390. are connected to their respective data inputs 387 and 388.

The clock inputs 391 and 392 of each counter 389 and 390 are combined and coupled to the output of AND gate 381.

Control inputs 393 and 394 of counters 389 and 380, respectively, are coupled to the output of OR gate 379. A set input 395 of counter 389 is coupled to the output of former 373 . Setting input 396 of counter 390 is delay element 3
76 output. The carrier outputs of counters 389 and 390 are coupled to set inputs 397 and reset inputs 398 of flip-flops 399 and 400, respectively, whose reset inputs 401 and set inputs are combined to the output of delay element 403. Concatenated. An input 404 of delay element 403 is coupled to an input 45 of comparator 44 . The inverted outputs of flip-flops 399 and 400 are coupled to inputs 405 and 406 of OR gate 407.

Consistent with the present invention, comparator 44 includes flip-flop 40
8 and 409, and these data inputs 410 and 41
1 are connected to the output of OR gate 407 and the inverted output of flip-flop 399, respectively. Clock inputs 412 and 413 of flip-flops 408 and 409, respectively, are combined and coupled to input 45 of comparator 44. The outputs of flip-flops 408 and 409 are simultaneously the output of comparator 44. Pulse former 373 can use any known circuit. Generator 383 is a known square wave pulse generator. Decoder 384 is a known digital signal decoder. counters 389 and 39
0 is a known preset type upper and lower binary counter.

Welding speed setting circuit 46 is designed as shown in FIG. It includes a multi-pole, multi-position switch 414 in which the poles 414(1)..., 414(k-1) control the digital welding speed at its output which is coupled to the input 47 of the comparator 44. The configuration signal is used to develop the set signal by grounding the input 415 of each of the (K-1) poles and connecting the above output to the power supply line through a resistor 416, with the pole 414 (K ) is utilized to obtain an analog welding speed setting signal by placing a resistor 418 between the above pole input 417 and the power line. The output of pole 414 (K) of switch 414 is coupled to input 52 of circuit 50 .

The signal subtraction circuit 50 is configured as shown in FIG.
9〉 It is measured. Referring to the figure, the above circuit is implemented by integrator 419
, the input 420 of this integrator receives a signal derived from a resistor 421 , wherein the resetting input 422 of the integrator 419 is a delay element 423 with its input 424 coupled to the output of the unit 42 . is concatenated to the output of The output of integrator 419 is input 4 of storage and retrieval element 426.
25, the storage retrieval element 426 has its control input 427 connected to the input 51 and the input 42 of the adder 429.
It has its output connected to 8. Input 430 of adder 429 serves as input 52 (FIG. 1) of circuit 50;
and pole 414 of switch 414 included within circuit 46 (
K), while its outputs act simultaneously, and the output of the circuit 50 is connected to the input 53 of the generator 6.

Integrator 419 is an analog resetting integrator, and adder 42
6 is a known analog adder.

The storage retrieval element 429 can use a known circuit.

Welding torch 54 is any standard torch suitable for gas protected consumable electrode arc welding. Consumable electrode feeding mechanism 5
5 is formed by a known method. The sensor 56 measuring the feed rate of the consumable electrode 4 is any angular velocity sensor, more particularly a tacho-generator.

Unit 5 that generates a signal proportional to the consumable electrode feed rate
7 is a known collective amplifier. As the switch 62, a known circuit including two externally operated two-position switches can be used.

Adders 65, 72 and 83 are known analog adders. Switch 68 is a known two-position switch. The supply line voltage converter 76 has a three-phase voltage drop transformer.
It is a phase rectifier. The switch 85 is a known circuit including an externally operated two-position switch.

A unit 91 generating a signal proportional to the welding energy per unit is designed as shown in FIG. Referring to the figure, unit 91 has its input 432
and 433 include multiplication elements 431 coupled to inputs 92 and 93 of unit 91, respectively. The output of element 431 is coupled to the input 434 of integrator 435 , whose reset input 436 is coupled to the output of delay line 437 . Element 4
37 input 438 is control input 4 of memory retrieval element 440.
39 and connected to the input 94 of the unit (71> }91. The input 44 of the element 440
1 is coupled to the output of integrator 435, while unit 9
Its output, which serves as the output of 1, is coupled to the input of a per unit welding energy comparator 96.

The multiplication element 431 is a known analog signal multiplier and integrator 4.
35 is an analog resetting integrator, switch 100 is a known two-position switch, adder 105 is an analog adder, and switch 109 can use a circuit including two two-position switches. Comparator 290 is a two-level comparator,
Generator 298 is a square wave pulse generator.

A counter 303 that stores the variation of the monitored parameter from a preset value is designed as shown in FIG. Referring to the figure, the above counter is connected to generator 29
8 includes an element 442 for gating the pulses produced by the generator 298, the input 443 of said element being coupled to the output of the generator 298, while the output thereof controls the formation of the pulses that control the operation of the counter 303. It is coupled to an input 444 of means 445.

Additionally, counter 303 includes a flip-flop 446 whose output is coupled to an input 447 of element 448 for gating clock pulses. Input 449 of gating element 448 is coupled to the output of element 442, while its output is coupled to supplementary inputs 450 and 451 of addition counter 452 and subtraction counter 453, respectively. counter 4
52 resetting input 454 is coupled to a second output of pulse former 445 . Control input 455 for counter 453
is combined with the set input 456 of flip-flop 446 and coupled to the -th output of shaper 445. The carrying output of counter 453 is coupled to a reset input 457 of flip-flop 446 . Counter 303 also includes a reversible counter 458 whose addition input 459 and subtraction input 460 are inputs 304 and 3 of counter 303, respectively.
05 to the outputs of flip-flops 293 and 294. A control input 461 of counter 458 is coupled to a third output of pulse former 445 in combination with an inverting input 462 of element 442 . The data inputs 463(1),..., 463(Z) of the counter 458 are
The output of counter 458 is concatenated in small increments to the more important characters at the output of counter 452.
53 data input 464 to serve as the output of the counter 303, said output also being coupled to the input of the converter 308.

Former 445 is a known dividing counter, gate element 442
and 448 are known AND gates and code/voltage converters 3
08 is a known digital-to-analog converter, and amplifiers 309 and 310 are known analog signal amplifiers.

The configuration signal indicating circuit 315 is designed in a known manner, more specifically based on opto-electrical indicating characteristics.

Switches 115 and 116 (FIG. 6) are conventional two-position switches. Switching units 121 and 126 are conventional three-position switches.

A transducer 131 measuring the slope between the electrode axis and the normal to the surface of the weldment is designed as shown in FIG. Referring to the figure, the converter 131 is a light emitting diode 4
65, one lead of which is grounded and a second lead connected to the power supply line through a resistor 466.

(74) Additionally, the transducer 131 includes a photodiode 467, one lead of which is grounded and a second lead of which is connected to a resistor 467.
It is connected to the power line through 68. The second lead above serves as the output of converter 131 and the inverter 1
32 inputs.

Furthermore, a light emitting diode 465 and a light diode 469
are axially aligned so that the light emitted by diode 465 is directly incident on the sensitive element (not shown) of photodiode 467.

On the emission emission axis there is a transparent screen 469 fixed in the conical recessed surface within the opaque material of the spacer 470 provided in the case of the transducer 131 .

The indentation accommodates the sphere 471 aligned with the luminous emission axis when the variation in inclination is within predetermined limits.

Switches 134 and 139 are conventional two-position switches. Signal writing configuration element 142 is a known brake unipolar self-resetting switch. Gate element 150 is a known gate.

[For production]

The arc welding monitoring device (FIG. 1) according to the present invention operates as follows. Prior to the welding operation, units 42 (FIG. 1), 91 (FIG. 4), 114 (FIG. 5) and each assembly are set to their initial positions. Current (I〉, voltage (
U) and the required values of welding energy per unit (Q), respectively, via switch 115. 116 and 117
is set in the logic analyzer 30 by The corresponding signals are detected by the welding current, voltage and energy per unit comparator 17. 18 and 96 configuration signal inputs 21.22
and 97, respectively. If necessary, welding current, voltage and per unit energy setting signals are supplied by the setting signal generating unit H14 and selected by the setting signal switching unit 121. The welding speed setting signal is generated by circuit 46 and applied by input 47 of switch 44.

When the arc is drawn at the beginning of the welding process, the limit value element 12 is actuated, so that when the output signal of the unit 8 exceeds the actuation limit value of the element 12, a signal indicating arcing is provided.

The above-mentioned signal indicating the occurrence of an arc is sent to the input 14 of the signal generator 6, which enables the generator 6 to generate a feedback signal for the playback means (FIGS. 9i and 10).

Unit 4 arranged along the monitored part of the weld
2 (FIGS. 1, 13) is the axis which generates the first pulse and in which the welding arc receives radiation from the sensitive element (not shown in FIG. 13) of the first sensor 319 of said unit. , the timer 146 (FIG. 8) is activated.

As the welding process continues, the monitoring device monitors the current (I), voltage (
U〉, velocity (V), energy per unit (Q〉), slope between the electrode axis and the normal to the surface of the article to be welded (θ)
, consumable electrode feed rate (V1), and supply line voltage fluctuation (
receive a signal proportional to welding parameters such as U+),
Transform and generate (Figures 1, 4 and 7)
. The monitoring device according to the invention also generates a signal that is proportional to the above-mentioned welding parameters and constant to changes in the consumable electrode feed rate ΔV and the supply line voltage ΔU1 (FIGS. 2 and 3).

The generated signal is the changed welding current i, which is influenced by the fluctuations ΔV l(t) and ΔUt(t). (t〉, variation Δ
The changed welding voltage Uo(
t〉, and is proportional to the changed per unit welding energy QO(t) influenced by the fluctuations ΔV I(t) and ΔU,(t). Since ΔV and ΔU1 linearly affect the welding parameters, the changed values can be expressed as follows.

io(t) = i(t) −[+ Δi {ΔV. (t
)) ±Δ1 {ΔV, (t)}] (1) Un(t)
=U(t)−[±ΔV(ΔV+(t))
(2)QQ(t)=Ro(1)−[±ΔRo(
t, i(t), Va(t))]
(3) In the monitoring device according to the invention, the corresponding comparators 24, 25 . 75 and 56 are the obtained values of welding parameters I (t) , U (t) , Q (t
)”io(t) .uo(t),Q0(t)l v+(
t) can be obtained by calculating the unit [14
Comparing with those of the set signals prepared by (by checking the welding conditions in the process of experimental selection of the best production) it allows numerical monitoring of the welding parameters.

A signal indicating the variation of welding parameters from the preset value (
Signals indicative of the presence and manifestation of such fluctuations are obtained in the comparison and, through the use of a logic analyzer 30, are fed to a generator 6 which provides an audible tone to the playback means 16 to determine the welding parameters. Provide information about numbers.

The information recorder 7 records current (I), voltage (U), speed (V
〉, welding energy per unit (Q), slope〈θ〉,
the consumable electrode feed rate (V1), the supply line voltage (Ul), the moment activated by the radiation from the welding arc in which the radiation sensor 319 of the unit 42 is formed, the radiation sensor 319 used to provide the necessary indications. The pulse supplied by 1, the total time tΣi1 during which changes in U・V, Q・θ exist during the welding process, the welding time <t>, and the duration of the arc generation instruction signal induced from the limit value element 12. The variation of the corresponding arc onset time (t1) is recorded.The parameters t·t,·tΣi are controlled by the timer 146 and the signal from the timer 146 by the limit value (79〉) by the signal from the element 12 and by the comparator 17. ,184
4.96 and the output signal of the slope converter 131 (FIG. 8).

Depending on the parameter to be monitored, corresponding switches of the unit 30 in the monitoring device are used to provide different monitoring states that essentially compare two stages. The preliminary stage includes the generation by unit 114 of a set-up signal responsive to specific welding parameters.

The initial monitoring phase includes:

(a) Monitoring the welding process at preset values for each parameter.

(b) Monitoring the welding process at preset values of several parameters.

(C). (d) Monitoring the procedure in items (a) and (b) without taking into account changes in the monitored parameters due to variations ΔVI, ΔU1, respectively.

The second monitoring step involves monitoring the welding process as indicated in items (a) to (d) at a constant value of welding energy per unit.

Furthermore, the switch 207 of the logic analyzer 30 is used to obtain the necessary conditions for changing the parameters of the audible tone by the generator 6 (modulation mode).

The switch 139 of the logic analyzer 30 is connected to the unit 414
is used for the selection of the method of controlling the recording of the setting signal generated by the electrode holder 3, and more particularly such control is carried out by the use of the tilt transducer 131 or by the setting element 142 arranged on the handle of the electrode holder 3. This is done manually.

In different monitoring modes, depending on the design of the generator 6, at its output an audible tone or acoustic signal is generated in the form of a verbalized instruction. When the generator 6 generates an audible tone, the variation in the parameters (frequency and amplitude) of the audible tone in each channel of the playback means 16 depends on the numerical variations of the particular welding parameters. Playback Changes in the audible tonal parameters within the means 16 depend on the welding current or voltage in the first channel, the welding speed in the second channel, and the inclination of the electrode axis in both channels.

When the welding current, voltage and speed are within preset limits, the playback means 16 provides equal tonal frequencies in the corresponding channels to provide information regarding the values of the above-mentioned welding parameters. When the abovementioned welding parameters exceed permissible limits, the acoustic vibrations carrying information regarding the abovementioned parameters are frequency modulated discontinuously at the same frequency. The acoustic vibrations carrying information about the slope are amplitude modulated discontinuously at a higher carrier frequency.

In a second embodiment of the generator 6 (FIG. 11), verbalized instructions are combined to modify specific parameters;
The abovementioned instructions then define the characteristics of the fluctuations that cause the parameters to exceed the permissible limits. More specifically, the verbalized instructions that have been precepted are as follows. “Increase length”, “Decrease length”, “Increase speed”, “Decrease speed”, “Maintain slope” (of the arc or electrode proportional to the welding voltage and current signals, respectively).

In a preferred embodiment of the generator 6, the generator 6 is
generates an audible signal only when the energy is not constant. In the case of welding voltage and current changes accompanied by simultaneous variations in the welding speed, no feedback is formed for the user by changing the audible sound parameters in the channels of the playback means 16, so that this improves the monitoring quality of the weld. appreciably increases the accuracy of the process and does not essentially interfere with the constancy of welding energy per unit, which provides high quality welds.

Let us now consider the operation of a unit that generates a signal proportional to a welding parameter.

Unit 8 (15th unit) that generates a signal proportional to welding current
Figure 3) shows a converter 34 that converts the welding current signal into a voltage signal by means of a resistive current converter 349 arranged in the welding circuit.
Due to the welding current present at the output of the resistor 350. The signals 353 to 356 pass through a resistor network and are supplied to the input of a differential amplifier 352.

The operational amplifier 352 amplifies the operational voltage ΔU to a preset level. The gain of the resistor network is selected such that the input of differential amplifier 352 receives a voltage that is less than its supply voltage.

The proposed monitoring device operates satisfactorily over the entire range of welding voltage variations equal to the voltage between the input 3 of the unit 8 and the ground terminal of the power supply 5. The output voltage of differential amplifier 352 depends only on common mode voltage variations caused by changes in the output voltage of current converter 349.

A low pass filter 360 is coupled to the output of the working transformer 352, the cutoff frequency of which is selected to be lower than the frequency of expected interference that would affect the useful welding current signal at arcing. Ru.

Unit 10 (first unit) that generates a signal proportional to welding voltage
6) is applied by means of a voltage divider (variable resistor 36) to the above welding voltage (i.e. input 11 of unit 10 and power supply 5).
Prepare the necessary gain by converting the voltage between the ground terminal of A low pass filter 363 coupled to resistor 361 is similar to filter 360.

Unit 42 (first unit) that generates a signal proportional to the welding speed
3), a time interval Δt proportional to the welding speed V is prepared. This is accomplished by positioning the radiation sensors 319 at equal distances Δ1 from each other along the weld being monitored and providing an indication of arc passage through the sensitive zone of each transducer 319. Since the interval Δ1 is constant, the time interval between the signals provided by the radiation sensor 319 conveys information about the welding speed V, as is clear from the equation:

Δt=Δ1/V' (4) Before the welding operation, a signal is applied to the setting input 339 of the unit 42, while the flip-flop 330 and the counter 334
is settled to zero. The stage of counter 334 is also set to zero. As a result, the switch 320 selects the first switching address and selects the first input 321-1.
and the output of sensor 319-1 can be switched to that output. Since no arc is occurring, sensor 3
19-1 receives no radiation and its output signal is zero. The above signal is passed through switch 320 to gate element 3.
22 input 323 (85〉), thereby input 328 of counter 327
The pulses of generator 325 at are blocked.

When the arc is struck and drawn along the weld, the first sensor 319-1 receives its radiation and is closed at its output to the input 323 of the gate element 322 on the input 321-1. counter 327
The replenishment input 328 of is released. Counter 327 is enabled. When counter 327 stores 2 to 1 pulses (where M is the output stage of counter 327 and 2M-1 is the selected number of average clocks of generator 325),
Its output develops a logic signal 1 marking the start of the time interval Δt.

A logic signal 1 derived from the output of counter 327 is simultaneously applied to supplement input 333 of counter 334 and data input 329 of flip-flop 330. Counter 334 is passed to the next stage and at its output:
and as a result, since sensor 319-2 has not yet received radiation from the welding arc, the control input of switch 320 switches its output to second input 321-2 to receive a logic signal of 0. At 335, the information is changed.

A logic signal 0 is provided through the output of switch 320 to input 323 of gating element 322, thus blocking it repeatedly.

When the above logic signal 1 is applied from the output of the counter 327 to the data input 329 of the flip-flop 330, it is carried by a pulse, and this pulse
Refill input of flip-flop from 25, counter 32
7 is set to zero to become the output of flip-flop 330 which completes the pulse generation of first radiation sensor 319-1.

When the welding arc stimulates the second radiation sensor 319-2, its output is sent to the unit 42 at its output to the second radiation sensor 319-2 in the same way as the logic signal 1 of the first radiation sensor 319-1. Develop a logic signal 1 that generates a second pulse of 2.

The unit 42 is configured such that the welding arc is connected to other radiation sensors 31.
9-3,... It continues to function in a manner similar to stimulating 319-n. Since the last pulse of the radiation sensor 319-n is generated by the unit 42, said unit, in addition to the functions described above, blocks the input 336 of the gating element 322 by a logic signal 1 from the counter 334. The above signal is transmitted by switch 320 (sensor 3
19-n> occurs after selecting input 321-n, ie, after counter 334 is set to the last state.

Gating element 322 is released by removing the carrier signal of counter 334 upon the addition of another signal to set input 339 .

A unit 5 that generates a signal proportional to the degree of discharge of the consumable electrode.
7 converts the signal of the consumable electrode feed rate sensor 56 into a voltage signal whose proportionality coefficient corresponds to the gain of the unit 8.

Welding current■. is linearly dependent on the consumable electrode feed rate V1, the dependence varying for different diameters of the electrode.

I=a+b-V. (5) Here, a and b are constants depending on the electrode diameter.

The above relationship is realized in the unit 57, which receives at its input a signal proportional to the rate of consumable electrode transport (88). The signal from the above input has a gain of constant b
is supplied to the output of unit 57 proportional to . The configuration input of unit 57 receives a signal proportional to a constant a. Unit 57 develops at its output a signal proportional to the welding current according to equation (5).

The supply line voltage converter 76 is proportional to the variation in the supply line voltage.
The following signal U (t) is provided.

U(t)=K[U. (t) −Ur]=ΔU+(t)
- Kts (6) where Ul(t) is the current value of the supply line voltage, U is the normalized value of the supply line voltage, and K7B is the gain of the converter 76.

Unit 57 and converter 76 are used in circuits 61 and 82 to obtain varied values of current, voltage and welding energy per unit according to equations (1) to (3).

Speed fluctuation ΔV+ (in mechanical arc welding, shown in Fig. 2) and supply line voltage fluctuation Δu r (Fig. 3 (89)
〉 in manual and mechanical arc welding) depending on the welding current i. The changed value of (1) is closed by switching switch 62 to a position where its output is closed on input 63,74, and the switching output of switch 68 is closed on input 69. The adder 65 is
a signal indicating a welding speed variation due to the changed speed V1;
That is, a signal Δi{ΔL (t) ) is generated. The signal of the converter 76, which is proportional to this signal and the variation ΔU, reaches the inputs 73 and 81 of the adder 72, the gain of which ensures the proportionality of said signal with respect to the selected current signal gain.

Considering the linear dependence on fluctuations due to bad behavior of the welding operator, the welding current signal i (t) can be expressed as:

i(t)=i'±Δi (c)±Δl (tl) -l
o (t) ± Δi (b) (7) where io is the current welding current, Δi (c) is the welding current fluctuation due to bad behavior of the welder, mainly due to changes in electrode length, and Δi (b ) is the welding variation caused by the changes ΔV1 and ΔU1.

Referring to equation (7), the monitoring device according to the invention provides a welding current signal i with variations introduced by the welding operator due to changes in the electrode length in the output of the adder 72. (1) is supplied. This allows monitoring of both the welding current and the welder's actions.

The variation in welding voltage (2) depends on the variation of the supply line voltage ΔU, and on the arc length which is varied by the operator in manual arc welding. Similarly, adder 83 outputs a welding voltage signal U that accounts for the fluctuations introduced by the welding operator due to changes in arc length at its output. Expand (1).

In the monitoring device according to the invention, the different conditions for generating a signal proportional to the welding energy per unit allow the utilization of different types of changed welding energy per unit. Switch 109 of logic analyzer 30 is used to select a particular type of welding energy per unit of change. The (9l) possibility of obtaining different forms of welding energy per unit varied in the proposed monitoring device increases the working accuracy of the welder.

A unit 91 (FIG. 20), which generates a signal proportional to the welding energy per unit, is used to multiply the signals proportional to the welding current and voltage.

The above signals are fed from inputs 92 and 93 of unit 91 to inputs 432 and 433 of multiplier 432. The voltage proportional to the product causes the integrator 435 to store more information during the new time interval Δt as the signal from each sensor 319 is input until time 1+1 when the corresponding signal from the next sensor 319 arrives. It is stored by the integrator 435 after the time t which is cleared to zero so as to be possible. Integrator 43
The voltage at which 5 is generated is given by the following equation.

u,35=f,V (V(t)) ・V(i(t)
) dt (8) Here Δt=tl+1 j
＋． 1 is an arbitrary number from 1 to n determined by the number of sensors 319.

Voltage U 435 is applied to memory retrieval element 440 over time Δt.
remembered by. Integrator 435 and element 440 (92
> is the radiation sensor 3 arriving at the input 94 of the unit 191
It is controlled by a signal from 19.

The above signal is the control input 439 of flip-flop 446.
The voltage of the integrator 435 is applied to the storage retrieval element 440
and arrives at the resetting input 436 of the integrator 435 with a delay of τ,3, introduced by the delay element 435 to settle it to zero. Prior to the welding operation, the configuration inputs (not shown) of integrator 435 and element 440 receive a configuration signal that sets integrator 435 and element 440 to zero. The transducer 131, which measures the slope between the electrode axis and the normal to the surface of the article to be welded, produces a logic signal 0 when the continuous slope exceeds the preset value and when the continuous slope is less than the preset value. and generates a logic signal 1. The monitored tilt limit is set by the use of a spacer 470 with a special recessed hole angle resembling a truncated cone.

Transducer 131 (FIG. 22) operates in the following manner.

In the normal position (with an inclination within tolerance), the ball rests on the bottom of the recess under the action of gravity, leading from the light-emitting diode 465 to the sensitive element of the photodiode 467 (second
(not shown in Figure 2). The photodiode is disabled and the logic signal 1 from its cathode is applied to the output of converter 131.

If the continuous slope is above a predetermined limit, the ball 471 will roll out of the recess, thereby causing the luminescent radiation from the light-emitting diode 465 to reach the photodiode 4.
67 sensing elements. photodiode 467
The resistance of , decreases sharply, and the logic signal 0 developed at its cathode is fed to the output of converter 131 .

As an example, consider the operation of the welding current comparator 17 (FIG. 17), and consider the welding current, voltage, energy per unit and consumable electrode feed rate comparators 17.1896 and 5.
The functions of 7 will be explained based on the respective figures. Comparator 1
The input 19 of 7 receives a current signal proportional to the welding current, while its input 21 receives a set signal proportional to the current value of the welding current .

When the signal proportional to the welding current exceeds the upper (94〉) limit of its set signal, that is, when I(t)>I+ΔI,
A logic signal 1 is developed at the output of limit value element 364, and the output of limit value element 368 develops a logic signal 0.

The upper and lower limits of the set signal are set by selecting appropriate values of the limit value elements 364 and 368 circuitry.

The output signals of limit value elements 364 and 368 are OR gate 37
2, the output of this OR gate, i.e. the first output of comparator 17, outputs a logic signal 1 when the signal proportional to the welding current is above the permissible limit, and a logic signal 1 of the above signal proportional to the welding current. When the current value is below the allowable limit, a logic signal 0 is developed.

The second output of the comparator 17 develops a logic signal 1 when the input signal is below the lower limit of the setting signal, and develops a logic signal 0 when the input signal is above the lower limit of the setting signal.

Comparators 18.58 and 96 operate in exactly the same way.

The welding speed comparator 44 (FIG. 18) calculates the time interval Δt proportional to the average welding speed within the range of the time interval Δ1 using the formula (4).
) is compared with the upper and lower limit values of the preset time interval Δt0, which corresponds to a predetermined value of the welding speed.

Comparator 44 operates in the following manner.

Before starting the welding process, switch 414 of logic analyzer 30
is used to obtain the required value of the digital welding speed setting signal (time interval code), said signal being applied via input 47 of comparator 44 to input 385 of decoder 384. Counts 386 and 390 are cleared to zero, and flip-flop 399. 400 is set across the initialization circuitry (not shown) of comparator 44.

When the welding arc excites the first sensor 319-1, unit 42 generates a signal for sensor 319-1 coming from the current welding speed input 45 of comparator 44 to pulse former 373. A pulse with a predetermined duration τ is obtained at the output of the former 373 as soon as the signal of the sensor 319-1 arrives.

The above pulses affect input 386 of decoder 384;
and a preset time interval Δt at its output
A lower limit code of 0 is set, and this time interval is input into counter 389 when the above pulse reaches input 395.

The above pulse passes through delay element 376 and after a time delay τ 376 ≧τ the output of decoder 384 is written into counter 390 . The code of decoder 384 is
It corresponds to the upper limit of the preset time interval Δt0 (since it occurs after the pulse at input 386 has ended).

During the time (τ3f6+τ) during which the code of decoder 384 is recorded, the logic signal 1 at the output of OR gate 379
are clock inputs 391 and 3 of counters 389 and 390.
92, thereby preventing the pulse from passing through the AND gate to counter 38! J. 390 control input 3
93. 394 and counters 389, 390
are not read during time intervals τ and τ 376 even if they are not present at the inputs 395, 396 of . When logic signal 0 is set to the output of OR gate 379 (time interval τ
AND gate 381 is enabled (after ten τ 376) and the presence of a logic 0 signal at inputs 393 and 394 indicating the subtraction mode of counters 389 and 390 generates the contents of counters 389 and 390 at inputs 391 and 393. vessel 38
The pulse from 3 makes it possible to read.

The pulse of the sensor 319-1 is also connected to the flip-flop 40.
8 and 409 to clock inputs 412 and 413.

Since flip-flops 399 and 400 are initially present, a logic 0 signal is written into flip-flops 408 and 409 by data inputs 410 and 411.

The above signal conveys information to the output of the comparator 44 regarding the coincidence of the current value of the time interval Δt with the preset time interval Δt0, which indicates that there is no welding speed error.

Sensor 31 delayed by τ403 due to delay element 403
The signals at 9-1 are applied to reconfiguration input 401 and configuration inputs 402 of flip-flops 399 and 400, respectively, thus reconfiguring and configuring flip-flops 399 and 400 and setting the carrier pulses from counters 389 and 390. These are provided for the reception of an input 397 and a reset input 398 (98), in which the above-mentioned pulses are used to mark the end of a time interval equal to the upper and lower limits of the preset time interval Δt0.

The agreement of the current value of the time interval Δt with the tolerance is recorded by a signal from the sensor 319-2 which stores the state in the next sensor 319, for example the flip-flops 408 and 409, among which the flip-flops 399 and 409 exists at the time the second signal of sensor 319 arrives. The states of flip-flops 399 and 400 reflect the relationship between the current value of the obtained time interval Δt and the preset time interval Δt0 as follows.

48 is obtained at the first and second inputs of the comparator 44, which is connected to the input 272 of the switch 267 of the generator 6.

In addition to recording information in flip-flops 408 and 409, the pulses of sensor 319-2 are output to counters 389 and 39.
To preset zero and read information therefrom, the current time interval is subsequently compared to the preset time interval.

Information regarding the correspondence of the measured value of welding speed with the preset value within each interval Δl is stored in flip-flops 389 and 390 throughout subsequent intervals.

The monitoring sequence logic analyzer 30 selects a monitoring mode to match the monitoring stages described above.

The required monitoring mode is selected by setting the switches of logic analyzer 30 to the appropriate state.

The table below lists the switches of logic analyzer 30 and gives the functions and states in which they should be found to ensure the desired monitoring conditions.

same Up welding voltage monitoring same Up welding voltage monitoring same soil Formation of 0 The audible signal generator 6 performs the following functions.

- Within each channel of the playback means 16, upon numerical variation of the specific welding parameters, the generation of an audible tone with variable parameters depending on each channel; -The solution energy per unit only when said energy is not constant; Generation of an audible tone in a monitoring mode including checks on the constancy of the generation of an audible tone with frequency modulation parameters depending on the variations of the particular welding parameters Now within a given channel of the playback means 16 Consider the operation of the audible tone generator 6 in generating an audible tone. When an audible tone occurs in the monitoring of the welding process at a preset value of a parameter (welding current or voltage, or welding speed), the logic analyzer 3
The generator 6 controlled by the playback means 16
Select the required channels and generate therein audible tones with different parameters (FIG. 9).

This is done by setting or resetting flip-flop 229 to connect its inputs 227 and 228 to logic 1 and logic 0 lines. Thus, in monitoring only welding current or voltage, a logic signal 0 generated at the output of flip-flop 229 disables AND gate 233 after it is set to one state. Thus, multiple pie break 187 is only triggered in response to an error signal from input 40 of generator 6, which passes through AND gate 232 when it is disabled. The output signal of the flip-flop 229 coming to the switch 179 sends to the converter 17B the welding current or voltage fluctuation signal from the generator 60 input 41, i.e. the error at which the generator 6 should trigger the multiplexer 187 at its input 40. In response to receiving the signal, a signal indicating a change in the welding parameter is received. Changes in welding voltage and current from preset values are processed by adders 32 and 33 contained within logic analyzer 30.

Welding speed variations are controlled by circuit 50 (first
9). Upon receiving a pulse from any sensor 319 at input 51 of circuit 50, integrator 41
The signal provided from 9 is input 4 of the storage retrieval element 426.
stored by the circuit at 25. The above signal is proportional to the minute time Δt between the moments when the welding arc passes two adjacent sensors 319. The signal of the sensor 319 delayed for τ,23 is fed to the input 422 of the integrator 419 to set it to zero and to repeatedly activate it so that the welding arc passes through another adjacent sensor 319. A signal proportional to the minute time Δt between instants is generated.

The output signal of element 426 is applied to a summer 429 which develops at its output a signal indicative of the change in the current value of the welding speed signal with respect to the preset value, wherein said output signal This occurs during a minute time Δt between the moments when the signal passes through two adjacent sensors 319. The above signal is applied to a second input 430 of adder 429. Integrator 419 is set to zero before starting the welding operation.

Flip-flop 2 coming to AND gates 239 and 240
The output signal of 29 is applied to the AN in a manner similar to that described above.
Disable one of these for D-gates 232 and 233, and more specifically for AND-gate 239 under given monitoring conditions. As a result, the output of generator 6 coupled to AND gate 239 is selected to generate an audible tone under the given conditions. In other words, a selection is made for each channel of the playback means 16 in response to errors in the welding current or voltage.

Two further AND gates 239 and 240 connect the generator 6
is disabled by an arcing indication signal which comes to input 14 of the circuit and goes to logic 0 to disable AND gates 239 and 240 when the current value does not cause arcing.

In addition to the signals that disable AND gates 239 and 240, these inputs 189. 190 and 191, 1
92 are multiplex pie break 187 and converter 17, respectively.
8, where said signal is used to generate an audible tone. Tonal parameters (
frequency and amplitude) depend on the values of the welding parameters being monitored. In the presence of an error signal, e.g. For example, at input 40, i.e. by the current value of the welding current or voltage above and below a particular numerical limit, a multiple pie break 187 is triggered to output a square wave pulse to AND gate 23.
9 and 240 to provide discontinuous vibrational modulation to AND gates 239 and 240.
Add to the humming tone of the signal from the output of 8. The parameters of the signal produced by transducer 178 (FIGS. 1 and 4) also depend on the value of the welding parameter being monitored.

Transducer 178 operates in two signal generation modes. In the first mode, the signal frequency is proportional to the amplitude of the monitored parameter variation from the preset value, the signal being generated and provided by the logic analyzer 30 . To enable operation in the first mode, switch 207 of logic analyzer 30 connects input 211 of converter 178 to the ground bus. This sets the gain of amplifier 342 to zero and subsequently creates a condition in which the output of adder 345 is proportional to the signal indicative of the variation of the monitored parameter, with the latter signal being at input 346 of adder 345. exist. Transducer 348 therefore generates a signal proportional to the above variation.

In the second signal generation mode of the transducer 178, the generator 6 generates an audible tone, which has a frequency modulation parameter that depends on the magnitude of the change in the particular welding parameter, and which has a frequency modulation parameter that depends on the magnitude of the change in the particular welding parameter and Switch 207 is set to the required position, thereby applying a signal to input 21 of transducer 17B indicative of a change in one of the welding parameters (current, voltage or welding energy per unit). The above fluctuating signal is sent to the voltage/frequency converter 339 and the amplifier 3 at the same time.
Added to 42. It generates a signal with constant amplitude and frequency that is proportional to its level at the output of converter 339. The above variation signal also sets a gain of amplitude 342 proportional to the module (absolute value) of its level, for which the amplitude and frequency of the output signal of the above amplifier is indicative of the variation of the selected welding parameter. Proportional to signal level. The signal of amplifier 342 is indicative of a change in the parameter monitored by summer 345 and sent to switch 179.
is added to the signal coming from the output of The signal of summer 345 produces a combined signal at the output of converter 348, the initial frequency of which varies continuously in proportion to the level of change in the variation of the monitored parameter. , the second frequency of the above-mentioned combined signal varies rapidly at different rates and secondarily varies in proportion to the level of change in the variation of the selected welding parameter.

In different monitoring conditions, i.e. by frequency modulation including the magnitude of the selected welding parameter, the transducer 17
In order to make the 8 second operating modes available, each switch of the logic analyzer 30 is required to be set to the required position to generate a signal indicative of the variation of the respective welding parameters. .

Furthermore, a feature of the operation of the transducer 178 is that the frequency of the audible tones generated by said transducer is independent of the welding parameter values and in all welding conditions, i.e. at different brisset values of the welding parameters. , remains constant when a high quality weld is made. The frequency of transducer 178 depends solely on changes in the monitored parameters. This increases the accuracy of monitoring the welding process and significantly reduces adaptation time so that the welder can more easily recognize the best current frequency that indicates a high quality weld.

Consistent with the present invention, one or more weld monitoring modes at a preset value of one parameter, i.e. electrode tilt (
Figure 10> is prepared. In this mode, used in conjunction with one of the weld monitoring modes described above with preset values of welding current, voltage, or speed, variations in electrode tilt that exceed preset limits can occur at the outputs of AND gates 239 and 240. The auditory tones are combined by multiple pie breaks 247 in OR gates 243 and 244 with signals of increased frequency generated in response to an error signal fed from sensor 131 through logic analyzer 30 to input 136 of generator 6. Occurs when combined. The circuit for generating a signal indicative of slope variations operates analogously in any monitoring mode.

Consider now the monitoring of welding with preset values of several parameters, namely welding current, voltage and speed. In this mode, switch 218 is
The outputs of the D gates 212 and 213 are connected to the flip-flop 22.
9 inputs 227 and 228, respectively. The flip-flop 229 is randomly set to one of its stable states depending on the time at which one of the two error signals occurs, said error signal being fed to the generator input 40 or 48. The flip-flop remains within the stable state described above until the given source of error is removed.

The other functions of generator 6 are generally similar to those described above.

The aforementioned monitoring modes do not take into account the correlation between some welding parameters. In the monitoring device according to the invention, the relationship between welding current, voltage and speed is accounted for by generating a signal proportional to the welding energy per unit, as shown in the equation below.

Q (t) = kUI/V (13) where k is a proportionality coefficient.

Keeping the magnitude Q (t) within preset limits ensures the desired quality of the weld. In the proposed monitoring device, the above conditions are obtained by checking the constancy of the welding energy per unit as follows:

Q (t)EQ0±ΔQ (14) where Q[1 is the preset value of welding energy per unit, ΔQ is the permissible variation limit of welding energy per unit, and ε is the equivalent symbol.

In the monitoring mode, which includes a check regarding the constancy of the welding energy per unit, a logic signal 0 is present at the input 104 of the generator 6 when no errors occur in the welding energy per unit. The above logic signal 0 disables AND gates 232, 233 (thus disabling multiple pie breaks) and AND gates 239,
240 and causes switch 179 to apply a signal from input 108 of generator 6 to converter 178 indicating a change in welding energy per unit. The above transducer produces an audible tone, which is an active AND game}
239, 240 and OR gate 243. 244 to both channels of the playback means 16.

When there is an error in the welding energy per unit, the logic signal 1 from the input 104 of the generator 6 is
32, 233, 239. 240 and OR gate 24
9. 250 to provide for the operation of the generator 6 in the conditions described above for the monitoring mode, without consideration of the constancy of the welding energy per unit.

In a monitoring device that embodies the purpose of the present invention, a signal Q (
The occurrence of t) and checking of condition (14) makes it possible to exclude the production of audible tones that indicate welding current, voltage and speed and do not interfere with the process of obtaining a high quality weld. Therefore, the welding operator will never get any false information regarding the welding operation and the need to change certain welding parameters.

Furthermore, the skill of the welder is checked more precisely by the fact that the value of Q (t) is obtained with respect to the numerical variations of the welding current and voltage. If the welder maintains the energy per unit set considering the welding current and voltage values not taken into account for ΔV+ and ΔU1 within predetermined limits and there is no error in the changes in welding current and voltage, then Variations in welding parameters such as current, voltage, and welding energy per unit do not indicate operator error in manual or mechanical arc welding, but do provide evidence to disturbances affecting the welding process. In the same monitoring mode, there is an error in the current and voltage changes contrary to evidence to ΔV1 and ΔU+, which is due to the welding operator
1 and ΔU1 are compensated for. When the operator's actions are correct, the monitoring device will not record the occurrence of an error in the welding energy per unit set based on the unchanged welding current and voltage, which indicates that the operator is skilled in the welding operation. Show that.

The audible sound signal generator 6 shown in FIG.
It is used to provide an audible feedback signal in the form of verbalized instructions. The desired monitoring state is created by switching the switches of logic analyzer 30 to the required positions.

Comparator, 17. 18, 44. 95 and converter 131
The appearance at the inputs 46, 48, 104 and 136 of the generator 6 of error signals indicative of each welding parameter (logical signal 1) derived from 1 indicates that there are errors in the individual parameters. Input 2 of switch 267 of generator 6
The presence of logic signals 1 and 0 at 72 and 273 indicates that the variation in the monitored parameter is below or above the preset limits, respectively.

The combination of error signals indicative of the welding parameters is communicated to a switch 267 which, at its output, forms the address of a selected region of the storage device 280 corresponding to the above combination of error signals indicative of the welding parameters, and Signal 1 is formed at the control output of switch 267, with said signal being fed to supplementary input 278 and triggering address counter 277. The above counter is
Read the contents of the selected location in storage device 280. The code combination is read out from the output of the storage device 280.
At its output it is applied to a code-to-voltage converter 283 which develops an analog signal which is limited in the high and low frequency range by an audible signal filter 285 and is supplied to the playback means 16 through an AND gate 287.

Successive generation of such signals (corresponding to the number of code combination readings) makes it possible to achieve a combined linguistic instruction. Such an indication is given by the AN when a logic signal 0 indicating an extinguished arc is present at the input 14 of the generator 6.
Blocked by D gate 287.

Completion of the counting operation is indicated by a logic signal 1 formed at the supplement output of counter 277 after the last address code has been asserted. The above signal is applied to the control input 279 of the switch 267 which resets its input, transmitting it to its initial state. If the error is not corrected and a logic signal l is present at the individual inputs of the generator 6, the above verbal instructions are repeatedly combined. If there is no error, the switch 267 is reset and there are no acoustic vibrations in the playback means 16. If other errors occur, a different code is formed at the output of switch 267 and a different language instruction is combined.

Special language instructions are provided for each type of in-parameter error that is monitored. For changes in welding voltage or current that are primarily due to changes in arc length in manual arc welding or electrode length in mechanized arc welding, e.g. When the arc length or electrode length is below a specified limit), language such as "Reduce length" (when the arc length or electrode length is above a specified limit) is accepted.

The words "increase speed" or "decrease speed" are used, for example, in the case of a change in welding speed. A "maintain tilt" command is issued when the tilt of the electrode changes.

In the proposed monitoring device, individual welding parameters (
I, U or Q) setting signals are connected to the individual resistors 23.24
98 or by the setting signal generating unit 114. The operation of the above unit is discussed below.

The unit 114 (FIGS. 7 and 12) automatically generates a setting signal characterizing the parameters to be monitored corresponding to the best welding process and sets its value for the required time period. Remember. When the setting signal is automatically generated,
The zero signal is present at the input 144 of the unit 114, with said signal being provided by the element 142 or the converter 131 (FIG. 7).

Upon receiving the above signal, the converter 308 continuously receives the information from the counter 303 and converts it into a voltage proportional to the obtained setpoint signal of the monitored parameter, and converts it into an amplifier 309 and 310.

The actual value of the monitored parameter, e.g. the welding current, is determined by an individual unit, e.g. unit 8, by a comparator 28.
9 into an electrical signal applied to input 290 of 9. Inputs 313 and 314 of comparator 289 are respectively connected to amplifier 3.
09 and 310, said signals being equal to the upper and lower values of the set signal of the monitored parameter.

When the actual value of the monitored parameter representing the voltage at the input 290 of the comparator 289 exceeds the upper value of said monitored parameter, the input 291 of the flip-flop 293 Receive a signal. Under the effect of the input 295 and the pulses of the generator 298 coming through the element 299 to the input 301 of the flip-flop 293, said flip-flop has a period at its output equal to the repetition period of the pulses of the generator 298. and develops a stable pulse sequence with a duration equal to the time delay introduced by delay element 299.

The pulse from flip-flop 293 is sent to counter 303.
is summed at the input 304 of , so its content increases. As a result, the output voltage of converter 308 increases,
The value of the monitored parameter signal ultimately supplied to the input 290 of the comparator 289 indicates the parameter being monitored and the setting signal supplied to the comparator 289 from the output of the converter 308 through amplifiers 309 and 310. between the upper and lower values of . A zero signal then appears at the output of comparator 289, and the preset value of the monitored parameter setting signal appears at the output of converter 308 and amplifiers 309 and 31.
Count 303 stops after zeros are recorded at inputs 311 and 312.

In another operation, the actual value of the monitored parameter may be less than or equal to the lower value of the monitored parameter setting signal. A single signal appears at the output of comparator 289. Said signal has a duration exceeding the repetition period of the pulses of generator 298 and flip-flop 29
Generates a stable pulse sequence at the output of 4,
This is supplied to counter 303. The above counter decrements its contents, which results in converter 308
results in a decrease in voltage at the output.

This corresponds to inputs 311 and 312 of amplifiers 309 and 310.
In order to reduce the voltage values above and below the setting signal, the comparator 289 is again disabled.

Therefore, after a number of fluctuations relative to the upper and lower values of the monitored parameter setting signal, the contents of counter 303 will be the statistical average value of the monitored parameter maintained by the welder during the selected time interval. corresponds to Check welding conditions are best throughout a predetermined period;
And if the welder decides that the steady state of the monitored parameter setting signal should be automatically recorded for continuous use, he can determine that one signal is generated at the input 144 of the unit 114. Caution is required. this is,
interrupting the contact of the element 142 or tilting the transducer 131 above the tilting tolerance limit, i.e. unit 114 through the inverter 132 at its output.
This is done by generating a zero signal that is applied to the input 144 of the . One signal is sent from input 144 to converter 3
08, thereby incapacitating it. An indication of the parameter setting signal to be monitored is provided to a counter 303 (FIG. ). Before check welding, counter 452. 453
, 458, former 445 and flip-flop 44
6 is set to zero. Generator 298 is triggered when the welding process begins. The generator described above provides output pulses at the outputs of flip-flops 293 and 294, which pulses are at the input 459 of counter 458.
and 460. Pulses derived from the generator 298 described above are applied to the generator 445 through the counter 303 and the input 306 of the actuating element 442. Period t2,
As soon as it receives the kth pulse of generator 298 with 8, the former 445 has k at its first output
' At the moment of t2911, the period j4, s-+ = k・t2
, 8 and input the output code of counter 458 into counter 453 at input 455. A pulse from the first output of shaper 445 transfers flip-flop 446 to one state. This enables element 448 so that the pulses of generator 298 are summed in counter 452 and
The 53 codes are reduced by the number of pulses mentioned above. When a zero code is set in counter 453, its carrier output develops the single signal setting flip-flop 446 to zero and blocks the summing process in counter 452.

When successive pulses occur at the first output of the former 445, the summing process in the counter 452 is continuous.

The Nth pulse having a period t44s-1 is generated by the generator 44.
After being obtained at the first output of 5, it has a period t44s-2= at the instant of N't445, at its second output.
Developing a pulse with N-t4<s-+, this pulse clears counter 452 to zero. Period t44s-2
After the Zth pulse having Z is obtained at the second output of the former 445, it has Z
'i44! At the moment of i-1, the period ta, s-3=Z-
t, , s-2, which disables element 442 and prevents generator 298 from adding pulses to counter 452.

The above pulse is also applied to input 461 of counter 458 and writes the average output code of counter 452 at the output of counter 458 through its input 463. The output code of counter 458 is the code of the monitored parameter setting signal and corresponds to the statistical average value of the monitored parameter maintained by the welding operator during the last time interval:

Δt=k−N−t2.8(15>) where t2.8 is the repetition period of the pulse of the generator 298.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The arc welding monitoring device according to the invention makes it possible to:

(1) Evaluating the metallurgical reactions occurring, more specifically the variable heat input, the input of molten filler metal, the isolation of the metal within the gas or arc protection by monitoring the welding speed.

(2) Evaluating the transfer of metal within the arc and melting range of the base metal by monitoring the electrode tilt.

(3) The entire welding process, more specifically the metal transfer within the arc, the melting of the base metal, the metallurgical reaction, by changes in energy per unit, welding current, voltage, speed electrode inclination, electrode feed rate and be evaluated by monitoring supply line voltage fluctuations.

The proposed monitoring device is characterized in that it allows automatic generation of monitored parameter setting signals so that the welding process results in a high-quality weld and the storage of its value for the required time period.

The monitoring device according to the invention prevents the occurrence of extreme acoustic vibrations when the welding current, voltage and speed change, and also when the controlled feed rate and supply line voltage change.

In high quality welding in any welding mode, the monitoring device generates an audible tone that is dependent on the variation but independent of the frequency of the welding parameter being monitored. The proposed monitoring device gives suggestions to the welding operator regarding performing the welding process at preset values of arc and electrode length, welding speed and electrode inclination.

Increased reliability of welding process monitoring, and more particularly the accuracy of recording the fluctuations of welding voltage, current and speed in high-quality welds, as well as the setting of welding current, voltage and energy per unit corresponding to these parameters Signal values are used.

Furthermore, the effectiveness of the welding process monitoring is confirmed, more particularly, by checking the welder's skill during welding at preset values of arc length (electrode length), welding speed and electrode inclination, in which case separate checks are common. Increased due to the fact that it is performed with respect to the welder's proficiency in welding technology. The above elements enable a continuous stepwise weld monitoring process. In the first stage, the above process consists of monitoring the welding operation at a preset value of one parameter (arc or electrode length, welding speed, electrode inclination) and welding at a preset value of several parameters (a combination thereof). Includes monitoring of the welding operation.In a second step, the above process includes monitoring of the welding operation at a preset value of one or more parameters, provided the energy per unit is maintained at a constant level.

Moreover, the adaptation process takes little time, so the welder quickly recognizes the best frequency of the audible tones, while another benefit is more efficient use of power, materials, and welding equipment.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 shows an arc welding monitoring device according to the invention; FIG. 2 shows the same monitoring device with a consumable electrode feed rate monitoring device according to the invention; FIG. 3 shows the same monitoring device with a feed line monitoring device according to the invention; 4 shows the same monitoring device with a welding energy per unit monitoring device according to the invention; FIG. 5 shows the same monitoring device ensuring different conditions for generating a signal proportional to the welding energy per unit according to the invention; FIG. 7 shows the connection of a unit according to the invention for generating a setting signal, FIG. 7 shows a connection of a transducer according to the invention for measuring the inclination between the electrode axis and the normal to the surface of the workpiece, and FIG. 8 shows the connection of the unit according to the invention. Connection of a welding timer according to the invention, FIG. 9 shows an audible signal generator according to the invention, FIG. 10 shows the same generator providing an electrode tilt and per unit energy monitoring signal according to the invention, FIG.
FIG. 12 shows the same generator for providing verbalized feedback to the welder according to the invention; FIG. 12 shows a unit for generating the setting signal according to the invention; FIG. 13 shows a signal proportional to the welding speed according to the invention. 14 shows a voltage conversion means for converting a voltage corresponding to an increase in the parameter monitored according to the invention to an audible frequency; FIG. 15 shows a unit for generating a signal proportional to the welding current according to the invention; FIG. Fig. 16 shows a unit that generates a signal proportional to welding voltage according to the present invention, Fig. 17 shows a welding current comparator, Fig. 18 shows a welding speed comparator, Fig. 19 shows a signal subtraction circuit, and Fig. 20 shows a welding unit per unit. a unit for generating a signal proportional to the energy, FIG. 21 a counter for storing the variation of the monitored parameter from a predetermined value;
The figure shows a transducer that measures the inclination between the electrode axis and the normal to the surface of the article to be welded. (Explanation of symbols) 1... Welding operator's room, 3... Electrode holder, 5... Welding power source, 7... Information recorder, 8... Unit that generates a signal proportional to welding current, 2... Article to be welded, 4... Consumable electrode, 6... Audible signal generator, 9... Input of unit 8, 10... Sweat, generates a signal proportional to the contact voltage. 11... Input of unit 10, 12... Limit value element, 13... Input of limit value element 12, 14... Input of generator 6, 15... Welder's helmet, 16... Playback means, 17... Welding current comparator, 18... Welding voltage comparator, 19... Comparator 1
Input of 7, 20...Input of comparator 18, 2l...
Input of comparator 17, 22... Input of comparator 18, 2
3.24...Resistance, 25.26...Input of unit 7, 27. 28... Input of switch 29, 29...
a signal switch responsive to a corresponding variation in the monitored parameter; 30... monitoring sea. 31...signal switch responsive to incremental changes in monitored parameters; 32...welding current adder; 33...welding voltage adder; 34...input of adder 32; , 35...Input of adder 33, 36...Input of adder 32, 37...
- Wood power of adder 33, 38.39... Input of switch 31, 40.41... Input of generator 6, 42... Unit that generates a signal proportional to welding speed, 43... Input of unit 7, 44... Welding speed comparator, 45... Input of comparator 44, 46... Welding speed setting circuit, 47... Input of comparator 44, 48...
- Generator 6 input, 49...Unit 70 input, 50
... Signal subtraction circuit, 51.52... Input of circuit 50, 53... Input of generator 6, 54... Welding torch, 55... Feeding mechanism for consumable electrode 4, 56... a sensor for measuring the feed rate of the consumable electrode 4;
7... A unit that generates a signal proportional to the consumable electrode feed rate, 58... A comparator for the feed rate of the consumable electrode 4, 59...
Input of comparator 58, 60... Input of unit 7, 6
1...Circuit used to determine the effect of variable feed rate of the consumable electrode, 62...Consumable electrode feed rate switch, 63.64...
・Switch input, 65...Adder, 66.67...Adder input, 68...Switch, 69.70...Switch 68 input, 7■...Adder 72 input , 72... Adder, 73... Input of adder 72, 74.75... Input of switch 62, 76... Supply line voltage converter, 77... Input of converter 75, 78・・・
- Limit value element, 79...Input of limit value element 77, 80...Input of unit 7, 81...Input of adder 72, 82...Used to determine the influence of supply line voltage 83... Supply line voltage adder, 84... Input of adder 83, 85... Supply line voltage switch, 86. 87. 88. 89... Input of switch 85, 90... Input of adder 83, 91... Unit that generates a signal proportional to welding energy per unit, 92, 93.94... Input of unit 91 , 95...
- Input of comparator 96, 96... Welding energy comparator per unit, 97.
...Input of comparator 96, 98...Resistance, 99...
Input of unit 7, 100...Welding energy comparator per unit, 10
1, 102... Input of switch 100, 103...
・Resistance, 104...Input of generator 6, 10
5... Welding energy adder per unit, 106.
107...Input of adder 105, 108...Input of generator 6, 109...Monitoring mode switch, 110, 111, 112, 113...Input of switch 109, 114...Monitored unit for generating parameter setting signals, 115, 116. 117...Welding current, respectively
Voltage and per unit energy setting signal switches, 118, 119, 120...inputs of switches 115, 116, 117, respectively, 121...setting signal switching unit, 122,
123, 124...switches 115, respectively
Inputs of 116 and 117, 125... Input of unit 121, 126... Current signal switching unit, 127
, 128, 129...Input of unit 126, 1
30... Input of unit 114, 131... Transducer for measuring the inclination between the electrode axis and the normal to the surface of the article to be welded, 132... Inverter, 133... Input of inverter 132 , 134... Tilt switch, 135... Input of switch 134, 136... Input of switch 6, 137... Input of unit 7, 138... Input of switch 134, 139... Signal writing switch, 140. 141... Input of switch 139, 142
...Signal writing setting element, 143...Resistor, 144...Input of unit 114, 145...Input of element 142, 146...Welding timer, 147...Control unit of timer 146, 148・・・
- Input of unit 7, 149... Input of element 150, 150... Gate element, 151... Input of element 150, 152... Input of unit 7, 153-157... AND gate, 158 ~162...AND gates 153 to 1, respectively
570 inputs, 163 to 167...AND gates 153 to 1, respectively
57 input, 168-172... switch, 173-177... unit 7 input, 178...
a converter used to convert the voltage corresponding to the monitored parameter to an audible frequency; 179...monitored parameter increase signal switch;
180. 181... Input of switch 179, 182
...input of converter 178, 184, 189, 193, 195, 197, 200, 203, 205, 208, 212, 214, ...monitored parameter selection circuit, 185...input of circuit 183, ...Input of multiple pie break 187, ...multiple pie break, ...audible sound signal modulation circuit, 190, 191. 192...Input of circuit 188,
194... Control input of circuit 188, 196... Control input of switch 179, 198...
Control input of circuit 188, ... Monitoring mode selection switch, 201... Input of switch 199, ... Resistor, 204... Input of switch 199, 206... Input of circuit 183, ... Modulation Mode switch, 209. 210... Switch 207... Input of converter 178, 213... AND gate, 216... AND gate 212 power, input of, direct and inverted input of 215, 219, 22l, 227, 230, 232 , 234, 236. 239, 241, 243, 245, 217...Direct and inverted inputs of AND gate 213,...Selected parameter transmission switch, 220...
- Control input for switch 218, 222, 223, 2
24, 225. 226...Data input of switch 218, 228...Input of flip-flop 229,...flip-flop, 231...Output AND gates 232 and 233, respectively.
input, 233...output AND gate, 235...AND gate}232. 233 7 inputs,
237...Input of OR gate 238,...OR gate, 240...AND gate, 242...OR gate 243. 244 inputs, 24
4...OR gate, 246...OR gate input,...electrode tilt multiple pie break,...multiple pie break input, 249, 251, 253, 255, 259, 265, 268, 250・...OR gate, 252...respectively ○R game}249, 250 input, 254...OR gate 249, 250 respectively
input, 256...respectively output AND gate 232
, 233 input, ... switch 179 input, ... monitored parameter selection switch, 260,
261, 262, 263. 264...Input of switch 258, 266...Control input of switch 258, 269, 2
70, 271, 272. 273...Input of switch 274,...Signal switch indicating change signal of monitored parameter, 276...Input of switch 274,...Monitored parameter address counter,...
Supplementary input, ...control input of switch 267, ...storage device, ...input of storage device 281, 282...input of converter 283, 283...corresponds to the parameter whose code is monitored Converter used for converting into voltage, 284... input of filter 285, 285... audio signal filter, 286... input of element 287, 287... output element gate element, 288. ...Input of element 287, 289...Monitored parameter comparator, 290...
- Input of comparator 289, 291. 292...Data input of comparator 289, 2
93. 294...Flip-flop for recording deviations of monitored parameters from preset values; 295. 296...each flip-flop 29
3. 294 clock input, 297... clock pulse generator, 29B... pulse generator, 299... delay element,
300... Input of element 300, 301. 302...each flip-flop 29
3. Resetting input of 294, 303... Counter for storing the deviation of the monitored parameter from the preset value, 304, 305... Input of counter 303, 306
... clock input of counter 303, 307 ... input of converter 308, 30B ... converter used to convert the code into a voltage corresponding to the monitored parameter, 309, 31
0...Amplifier, 311. 312...Amplifiers 311, respectively. 31
2 input, 313. 314... Input of comparator 289, 315... Setting signal instruction circuit, 316... Data input of circuit 315, 317... Control input of circuit 315, 318... Control input of converter 308, 319 (319
-1, 319-2, 319-3. ...319-n
)... Radiation sensor 320... Radiation signal switch, 321... Data input of switch 320, 322...
- Radiation signal gate element, 324...Input of element 322,...Pulse generator,...Signal forming means for instructing radiation,...Counter,...Clock input of counter 327,... Flip-flop data input,...flip-flop,...flip-flop data input,...counter 327 reset input,...former 334 input,...converter address type controller, ...control input of switch 320, ...input of element 322, ...control input of former 334 and flip-flop 330, respectively, ...voltage-frequency converter, ...input of converter 339 ,...Input of amplifier 342,...Amplifier,...Control input of amplifier 342, 344...Input of adder 345, 345...Adder, 346...Input of adder 346, 347...Input of converter 348, 348...Voltage/frequency converter, 349...Resistance/current converter, 350...Resistor, 351...Direct input of amplifier 352, 352... operational amplifier, 353...resistance, 354...variable resistor, 355, 356. 357...Resistance, 3
58... Inverting input of amplifier 352, 359... Input of filter 360, 360... Low pass filter, 361... Resistor, 362... Input of filter 363, 363... Low pass Filter, 364... Limit value element, 365. 366... Direct and inverted input of element 364, 367... Direct input of element 368, 368... Limit value element, 370, 377. 385, 387. 389, 391, 393, 395. . . . Inverting input of element 368, 371 . . . Input of OR gate 372, . . OR game}, 373 . . .
Input of element 376, 376... Delay element, 37
8...Input of OR gate 379,...OR gate,...Inverting input of AND gate 371,...AND gate,...Direct input of AND gate 381,...Pulse generator, 384 . . . decoder, 386 . . . input of decoder 384, 388 . . . counter 389. 390 data input, 390...counter, 392...counter 389. 390 clock inputs, 394 . . . respectively counters 389 . 390 control inputs, 396...respectively counters 389. 390 setting inputs, 397, 398... each flip-flop 39
9. 400 setting and resetting input, 399, 400... flip-flop, 401,
402... each flip-flop 399. 40
0 reset and setting input, 403...Delay element, 404...Element 403
input, 405. 406...Input of OR gate 407, 407...OR gate, 408. 409...Flip-flop, 410,
411... each flip-flop 408. 4
09 data input, 412. 413...40 flip-flops each
8, 409 clock input, 414,...414(1) . ...414(K)・
...Multi-pole multi-position switch, 415...Switch 414
(K-1) pole input of, 416...Resistor, 417...K-th pole input of switch 414, 41
8...Resistance, 419...Integrator, 420
...input of integrator 419, 421...resistance, ...resetting input of integrator 419, ...delay element, ...input of element 423, 425...input of element 426,... ...Storage device for search elements, ...Control input for element 426, ...Input for adder 429, ...Adder, ...Input for adder 429, ...Multiplier, 433. ...input of multiplier device, ...input of integrator 435, ...integrator, ...resetting input of integrator 435, ...delay element, 438...input of element 437, ... ...control input of element 440, ...memory and retrieval element, ...input of element 440, ...element for gate pulse of generator 298, ...input of element 442, ...shape weapon 445 input, 452, 459, 463, ... control pulse forming means of counter 303, ... flip-flop, ... input of one element 448, ... clock pulse gate element, ... gate element 448 Input, 451... Replenishment input of counters 452, 453 respectively, 453... Addition and subtraction counter,... Resetting input of counter 452,... Control input of counter 453,... Flip-flop 446 Setting input, ... resetting input of flip-flop 446, ... upper and lower counters, 460 ... each addition and subtraction input of counter 458, ...
...Control input of counter 458, ...Inverting input of flip-flop 446, 464...
・Kaunk 458 each. 453 data input, ... light emitting diode, ... resistor, 467 ... photodiode, 468 ... resistor, 469 ... transparent screen, 470 ... spacer on the case of converter 131, 471...ball,

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Welding power source (5), unit (8) that generates a signal proportional to welding current, unit (10) that is connected to welding power source 5 and generates a signal proportional to welding voltage, arc welding an audible signal generator (6) that generates an audible signal indicative of the parameters, the input of which is coupled to the output of a unit (8) that generates a signal proportional to the welding current; ) a limit value element (12) connected to the input of
a welding operator having an information recorder (7) and playback means (16) for simultaneously receiving an audible signal from an audible signal generator (6) to perform audible monitoring of the arc welding operation; In an arc welding monitoring device including a helmet (15), said arc welding monitoring device includes a welding current comparator (17) and a welding voltage comparator (18), one input of each comparator is proportional to the welding current, respectively. a unit (8) that generates a signal proportional to the welding voltage, and a unit (8) that generates a signal proportional to the welding voltage.
10), while the second inputs respectively receive the welding current and voltage setting signals, the outputs of both said comparators being responsive to the input of the information recorder (7) and variations in the monitored parameter. Its input is the welding current comparator (17)
and a signal switch (29) coupled to the output of the welding voltage comparator (18), a signal switch (31) responsive to incremental changes in the monitored parameter, and a welding current and voltage adder (3).
2, 33), one input of each adder is connected to the inputs of a monitoring sequence logic analyzer (30) comprising, respectively, a unit (8) generating a signal proportional to the welding current and a signal proportional to the welding voltage. while the second input of each adder is connected to a welding current comparator (10).
17) and a welding voltage comparator (18), the outputs being coupled to the inputs of a signal switch (31) responsive to incremental changes in the monitored parameter, while both switches ( The output of 29, 31) is sent to the logic analyzer (
30) and serves as the output of the audible signal generator (6)
An arc welding monitoring device characterized in that it is connected to an input of. 2. The arc welding monitoring device further comprises a unit (42) for generating a signal proportional to the welding speed and connected to the input of an information recorder (7). arc welding monitoring device. 3. The arc welding monitoring device also includes a welding speed comparator (
44), one output of which is connected to a unit (42) generating a signal proportional to the welding speed, and whose output welding speed setting circuit (46) is an audible signal generator (6).
and a second input of a welding speed comparator 44 having its output coupled to an information recorder (7), while the logic analyzer (30) includes a signal subtraction circuit 50; The input of is coupled to the output of the unit (42) generating a signal proportional to the welding speed and the welding speed setting circuit (46), the output of which is coupled to the input of the audible signal generator (6). An arc welding monitoring device according to claim 2 characterized by: 4. In monitoring mechanized consumable electrode arc welding operations, the arc welding monitoring device includes a consumable electrode feed rate sensor (56), a unit (57) for generating a signal proportional to the consumable electrode feed rate, and a consumable electrode feed rate. Comparator (5
8), one input of which receives a welding current setting signal;
Arc welding monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the output is connected to the input of an information recorder (7). 5. The logic analyzer (30) includes a circuit (61) used to determine the effect of varying consumable electrode feed rates, the circuit (61) being connected to the unit (8) for generating a signal proportional to the welding current. A consumable electrode feed rate switch connected to the output (
62), a first adder (57) connected to the output of the unit (57), one input receiving the welding current setting signal, while another input generates a signal proportional to the consumable electrode feed rate;
65) and a second adder (72) with its input coupled to the output of the first adder (65) and the output of the consumable electrode feed rate switch (62), whereas the output is The output of the above-mentioned consumable electrode feed rate switch (62) is connected to the welding current comparator (62).
17) The arc welding monitoring device according to claim 4, wherein the arc welding monitoring device is connected to the input of (17). 6. The arc welding monitoring device as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the output of the consumable electrode feed rate switch (62) is connected to the input of the current adder (32). 7. The arc welding monitoring device further includes a supply line voltage converter (76) connected to the supply line of the welding power source (5) and an input and information recorder (7) connected to the supply line voltage converter (76). Claim 1 characterized in that it comprises a second limit value element (78) with its output being concatenated.
The arc welding monitoring device according to any one of items 6 to 6. 8. The output of the supply line voltage converter (76) is connected to a circuit (61) used to determine the effect of varying consumable electrode feed rates.
8. Arc welding monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that it is connected to the input of a second adder (72) included in the second adder (72). 9. A logic analyzer (30) is used to determine the effect of the supply line voltage, and its input is connected to the supply line voltage converter (7).
a supply line voltage adder (83) connected to the supply line voltage adder (83) and a supply line voltage switch connected to the output of the unit (10) generating a signal proportional to the welding voltage and the output of the supply line voltage adder (83); Circuit (82) incorporating (85) inside
Claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the output of said switch is coupled to the input of said supply line voltage adder (83) and the input of said welding voltage comparator (18). Arc welding monitoring device as described in section. 10. Circuit used to determine the effect of supply line voltage (
Arc welding monitoring device according to claim 9, characterized in that the output of the supply line voltage switch (85) included in the welding voltage adder (33) is connected to the input of the welding voltage adder (33). 11. The arc welding monitoring device further includes a unit (9) that generates a signal proportional to the welding energy per unit.
1), whose inputs are the outputs of a unit (8) that generates a signal proportional to welding current, a unit (10) that generates a signal proportional to welding voltage, and a unit (42) that generates a signal proportional to welding speed. while the output is coupled to the input of the logic analyzer (30), a welding energy per unit comparator (96), one input of which comparator (96) carries a signal proportional to the welding energy per unit. The output of the welding energy per unit comparator (96) is coupled to the output of the generating unit (91) and another input of this comparator (96) receives the welding energy per unit setting signal, while the output of the welding energy per unit comparator (96) is connected to the information recorder 7. a welding energy per unit switch (100) and a welding energy per unit summation device coupled to the input of the welding energy per unit comparator (96) and having its output serving as the input thereof and the output of the logic analyzer (30); one input of this adder (105) is connected to the input of a logic analyzer (30) containing a unit (91) that generates a signal proportional to the welding energy per unit.
), and another input of which receives the per-unit welding energy setting signal, while its output is simultaneously the output of the logic analyzer (30) and the per-unit welding energy setting signal. Energy switch (100)
in conjunction with the output of the audible signal generator (6).
The arc welding monitoring device according to any one of Item 0. 12. A logic analyzer (91) for generating signals proportional to the welding energy per unit and units (8, 10, 42) for generating signals proportional to current, voltage and speed. 30) includes a monitoring mode switch 109 having an output coupled to an input of the unit (91) generating a signal proportional to the welding energy per unit, and an output connected to an input of each unit (91) generating a signal proportional to the welding current voltage. 8, 10) and an input connected to the circuit (61, 82) used to determine the influence of varying consumable electrode feed rates and supply line voltages. arc welding monitoring device. 13. The arc welding monitoring device further includes a unit (114) for generating the above-mentioned welding parameter setting signals, while a logic analyzer (30) switches the setting signals of each parameter to be monitored, and its output is a logic Analyzer (30)
means (115-117) serving as outputs of, having an output coupled to an input of a setting signal switch (115-117) and an input coupled to an output of a unit (114) for generating a monitored welding parameter setting signal. comprising a set signal switching unit (121) and a signal switching unit (126) whose inputs are coupled to a unit (8, 10, 42) generating signals proportional to the welding current, voltage and energy per unit; Arc welding monitoring device according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that its output is coupled to the input of a unit (114) for generating a monitoring welding parameter setting signal. . 14. The arc welding monitoring device further includes a transducer (131) for measuring the inclination between the electrode axis and the normal to the workpiece surface.
, which inclination measurement transducer (131) is coupled via its input to the output of the transducer (131) and via its output to an audible signal generator (6) and an information recorder (7). a logic analyzer (3) with a tilt switch (134)
0) Claim 1 characterized in that it is connected to
The arc welding monitoring device according to any one of items 1 to 13. 15, the logic analyzer (30) is connected to the write signal switch (1
39), one input in this switch (139) is coupled to the output of the slope converter (131), another input is coupled to the write signal setting element (142), and its output is coupled to the output of the logic analyzer (142). (30) and is coupled to an input of a unit (114) for generating a signal setting signal to be monitored.
The arc welding monitoring device according to item 4. 16. The arc welding monitoring device further comprises a welding timer (146) whose control input is coupled to the output of the unit (42) generating a signal proportional to the welding speed; a gate element (150) coupled to the output and another input of which is coupled to the output of the first limit value element (12);
0) and the output of the welding timer (146) are input to an information recorder 7 and a logic analyzer (30) comprising AND gates (153) to (157) whose numbers correspond to the numbers of the parameters to be monitored. one input of each gate is connected to each welding current, voltage, speed and energy per unit comparator (17, 18, 44, 96) and another input of each AND gate (153) to (157). the input is coupled to the output of the gate element (150), while
Its output serves as the output of the logic analyzer (30);
The arc welding monitoring device according to any one of claims 2 to 15, wherein the arc welding monitoring device is connected to an information recorder 7. 17. Means (178) for the audible signal generator (6) to convert a voltage corresponding to the increment in the monitored parameter to an audible frequency; the input is an incremental change in the monitored parameter and a signal subtraction circuit (50); a monitored parameter augmentation signal switch (179), the output of which is coupled to the input of a voltage comparator (178)), the output of which is coupled to the output of a signal switch (31) responsive to the output of the monitored parameter via the output of the signal switch (29) responsive to the output of the welding speed comparator (41) and its input to the output of the welding speed comparator (41) and the monitored parameter increase signal switch (1
a monitored parameter selection circuit (183) connected via its output to the control input of 79), and via its input to the output of the multiplex vibrator (187) and the output of the voltage converter (178); and the output of the parameter selection circuit (183) and the first limit value element (12) to be monitored.
comprises an audible signal modulation circuit (188) coupled via its control input to the output of the audible signal generator (6), the output of which acts as the output of the audible signal generator (6) and 17. Arc welding monitoring device according to any of claims 3 to 16, characterized in that the audible signal generator (6) is coupled to an audible signal generator (6) using frequency and amplitude modulation. 18, the logic analyzer (30) switches the modulation mode switch (20
7), the switch has its inputs coupled to the outputs of the welding current, voltage and energy per unit summers (32, 33, 105) and a voltage converter (32, 33, 105) responsive to increases in the monitored parameters. 178) having its output coupled to the input of
The arc welding monitoring device according to item 7. 19. A monitored parameter selection circuit (183) whose inputs are first and second AND gates (212, 213) serving as inputs of the audible signal generator (6), the outputs of the AND gates (212, 213); a selected parameter transfer switch (218) with its output coupled to power line transfer logic signals 0 and 1; a flip-flop 229 whose input is coupled to the output of the selected parameter transfer switch (218); The first input of is coupled to the output of a flip-flop 229 and the second input is coupled to the output of a signal switch (29) responsive to variations in the monitored parameter, while the second output AND gate (233
) the second input of the first and second output AND gate (232, 23) is connected to the output of the welding speed comparator (44).
3), and its input is the first output AND gate (23
2) and an OR gate (238) coupled to the output of a second output AND gate (233), while its output is
The arc welding monitoring device according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the output of the parameter selection circuit (183) is simultaneously monitored. 20. The arc welding monitoring device according to any one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that the audible signal modulation circuit (188) includes two AND gates (239, 240). 21. The output of the audible signal modulation circuit (188) is coupled to the input of two additional frequency modulation OR gates (243, 244), another input of this OR gate is the output of the electrode tilt multiple vibrator (247). Claims 17 to 20, characterized in that the input of the vibrator is connected to the output of the tilt switch (134).
The arc welding monitoring device according to any of paragraphs. 22. The monitored parameter selection circuit (183) includes two OR gates (249, 250) for selecting the signal indicative of the welding energy per unit, the first input of each gate being a flip-flop (229). In the output of
and the second input of said gate is connected to the output of a per unit welding energy switch (100), said switch (100) being connected to the input of a first output AND gate (232) and a second output AND gate (233). while the output of the signal selection OR gate (249, 250) serves as the output of the monitored parameter selection circuit (183) and the monitored parameter increase signal switch (179).
) indicates the welding energy adder (105) per unit.
22. The arc welding monitoring device according to claim 19, wherein the arc welding monitoring device is connected to the output of the arc welding monitoring device. 23. An audible signal generator (6) is coupled to the output of the signal switch (29), the input of which is responsive to variations in the monitored parameter and the output of the welding speed comparator (44); selection switch (258), output of monitored parameter selection switch (258), output of welding energy per unit switch (100), output of tilt switch (134), output of welding speed comparator (44) and logic analyzer. (30) A monitored parameter address switch (267) with an output coupled to an output of (30)
), a monitored parameter address counter (277) whose supplementary inputs and outputs are coupled to the control output and control input of the monitored parameter address switch (267), respectively, and stores the code of the monitored parameter. , and the output of the monitored parameter address switch (267) via its input and the storage device (277) coupled to the monitored parameter address counter (277).
280), converting the code into a voltage corresponding to the parameter being monitored, the input of said code voltage converter being coupled to the output of the storage device (280), and gating the output signal. , one input of this gate is connected to the output of the code voltage converter (283) and the other input of it comprises an AND gate (287) connected to the output of the first limit value element (12). , the output of which serves as the output of an audible signal generator (6). 24. Monitored parameter setting signal generation unit (1
4) A monitored parameter comparator (289), one input of which is coupled to the logic analyzer (30), records the variation of the monitored parameter from the preset value and records the data of the above-mentioned flip-flops. These clock inputs are connected to a first flip-flop (293) and a second flip-flop ( 294), storing the variation of the monitored parameter from a preset value, the input being recorded at the output of the first variation recording flip-flop (293) and the second variation recording flip-flop (294), the clock input thereof A counter (303) is coupled to the output of the clock pulse generator (297), converting the code into a voltage corresponding to the monitored parameter, and the input of said code voltage converter is connected to the output of the fluctuation counter (303). coupled to a second transducer (114) whose output serves as the output of the unit (114) generating the parameter setting signal to be monitored.
308), each input is coupled to the output of a second converter (308) that converts the code to a voltage corresponding to the monitored parameter, while the output is connected to a monitored parameter comparator (
two amplifiers (30
9, 310), and its data input is coupled to the output of the fluctuation counter (303), its control input is combined with the control input of the second code voltage converter (308) and the logic analyzer (30) 24. The arc welding monitoring device according to any one of claims 13 to 23, characterized in that it includes a setting signal indicating circuit (315) connected to the output of the arc welding monitor. 25. A unit that generates a signal proportional to the welding speed (4
2) a radiation sensor (319) placed along the weld to be monitored, the data input of which is connected to each radiation sensor (319);
), a radiated signal gating element (322) whose first and second inputs are respectively coupled to the output of the radiated signal switch (320) and the output of the pulse generator (325); The input is a radiated signal gate element (3
22) and to the output of the pulse generator (325), the output of which serves as the output of the unit (42) generating a signal proportional to the welding speed (326) , and radiation sensor (319)
means (334) for the addressing of a signal, the input of said signal forming means being a means (326) for forming a signal indicative of radiation.
and the output is connected to the output of the radiated signal switch (320).
according to any of claims 2 to 24, characterized in that the control output thereof is coupled to the input of the radiated signal gating element (322). arc welding monitoring device.