JPH0351360Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Industrial field of application) This invention relates to wallpaper having moisture permeability. More specifically, a coating layer of moisture-permeable urethane polymer is provided on the surface of the decorative paper that is mainly applied to the indoor side.
The present invention relates to a structure of wallpaper having a breathing function capable of appropriately breathing and dissipating indoor moisture.

(Prior art) Wallpaper is generally a sheet made of materials such as paper, fiber, plastic, and metal foil that is pasted mainly on the walls and ceilings of buildings as a finishing material. It is a common name for something that has a certain degree of flexibility.

Recent architectural styles have become more westernized with panels, prefabricated concrete, and reinforced concrete, and the development of metal sash for windows has improved the airtightness between indoors and outside air, but as a result of the phenomenon that indoor ventilation has completely disappeared, walls The problem of condensation has been occurring. In other words, the problem of condensation on the walls of closed rooms is not only the above-mentioned problem of the airtightness of the window sash, but also the increase in the amount of water used in daily life due to improved living standards, and the generation of moisture due to the use of heating appliances such as kerosene stoves and gas stoves. This is thought to be one of the causes.

(Problem that the invention aims to solve) By the way, this problem can be solved by inserting a heat insulating material inside the wall as a wall to prevent condensation so that the temperature of the indoor wall does not drop below the dew point. As a countermeasure to this problem, materials with moisture permeability and air permeability have recently been attracting attention in order to maintain the performance of the insulation materials and wood inside the walls and to prevent stuffiness due to moisture inside the walls. Other requirements for wall materials include, of course, resistance to staining from condensed water, but even if condensed water does get on the wall, it must be made of a material that can be easily wiped off.For example, Although paper yarn wallpaper has the same moisture absorption and desorption properties as textile wallpaper, it is easily stained and has a microporous surface, which makes it prone to mold growth, and it is also difficult to wipe away adhered stains. Therefore, these materials do not have sufficient properties for the above-mentioned wallpaper. Furthermore, as an improved version of this wallpaper, a wallpaper using a microporous film as a surface layer has been developed. However, this surface film has a large number of micropores that allow moisture to pass through, but water cannot pass through, and it becomes clogged with dust, dirt, and other impurities, and is difficult to remove, and gradually The above-mentioned required properties of wallpaper, such as reduced moisture respiration, have not yet been fully satisfied.

In addition, the manufacturing method for this type of microporous film is as follows:
There is the so-called wet method, in which the solvent and water are replaced after the solution is spread, and the so-called dry method, in which micropores are created mechanically and physically, but both of these manufacturing processes are complex and require special machinery. requires equipment;
Moreover, when applying this type of film to the skin layer of wallpaper, it is necessary to laminate it to decorative paper using an adhesive.
It needs to be fixed.

The inventors focused on the above-mentioned drawbacks of conventional wallpaper, and created a three-layered composite wallpaper using a non-porous, moisture-permeable polyurethane film instead of a microporous hydrophobic film. We have been trying to develop moisture-permeable wallpaper.

However, in a structure in which a stretchable urethane film is uniformly attached to decorative paper with an adhesive, as in the case of microporous film, it is quite difficult to implement this in terms of workability. Also, once the solution is made into a film, it must be laminated onto decorative paper, which increases the number of steps.
This is extremely uneconomical in terms of processing man-hours.

(Means for solving the problem) This invention is a three-layer wallpaper in which the surface of decorative paper is coated with a moisture-permeable urethane polymer to provide a moisture-permeable layer, and a mount is laminated and fixed on the back side of the decorative paper. The moisture permeable layer made of the moisture permeable urethane polymer is formed by reacting polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 200 to 600 with a mixture of organic dicarboxylic acid and ε-caprolactone to reduce the polyoxyethylene content.
A polyester polyol with a molecular weight of 500 to 3000 and a polyoxyethylene content of 17 to 70% was synthesized, and the polyoxyethylene content was reduced to 15% by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with the polyester polyol in the presence of a chain extender.
The gist of this paper is a moisture-permeable wallpaper characterized by a non-porous moisture-permeable layer made of a urethane polymer in a range of 62% to 62%.

In the moisture permeable urethane polymer in this invention, the molecular weight of the low molecular weight polyethylene glycol used for producing polyester polyol is 200%.
If the molecular weight is less than 600, the moisture permeability is low, and if the molecular weight exceeds 600, the swelling rate upon moisture absorption increases and the mechanical strength when wet is significantly reduced, making it unsuitable as a surface layer material for wallpaper. In addition, organic dicarboxylic acids used in the production of polyester polyols include:
There are no restrictions as long as the esterification reaction with polyethylene glycol is possible, but particularly preferred is a combination system of a dicarboxylic acid such as adipic acid or isophthalic acid and ε-caprolactone. The above polyethylene glycol and organic dicarboxylic acid and ε-
Among the polyester polyols produced from caprolactone, the polyoxyethylene content is 17~
70% by weight and a molecular weight in the range of 500 to 3000 is suitable. In this case, if it is less than 17% by weight or if the molecular weight is less than 500, the former will not have sufficient moisture permeability, and the latter will only yield a hard resin. On the other hand, if the polyoxyethylene content exceeds 70% by weight or the molecular weight exceeds 3000, the swelling rate will be too large in the former case, and the resin film strength will be inferior in the latter case, making it difficult to achieve the initial objective. It becomes difficult.

There are no particular restrictions on the organic polyisocyanate used to polyurethanize the specific polyester polyol thus obtained, but
Diisocyanates such as hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), xylylene diisocyanate (XDI), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), hydrogenated MDI are preferred. Further, an adduct or prepolymer of a polyol and an isocyanate, or an organic polyisocyanate having three or more functionalities can be used in combination, if necessary. However, when using materials containing polyols in the isocyanate component, such as prepolymers and adducts,
It is necessary to take into account the effect on the final polyoxyethylene content when made into a urethane polymer. All known chain extenders can be used and there are no particular limitations, but examples include diols such as polyethylene glycol, 4,4-methylenebis-(2-chloroaniline), isophoronediamine, piperazine, and ethylenediamine. and amino alcohols such as N-methylethanolamine and monoethanolamine.

Even if the polyurethane polymer obtained by reacting the above specific polyester polyol and organic polyisocyanate in the presence of a chain extender has a polyoxyethylene content of 15 to 62 It is necessary to satisfy the weight% range, and this final polyoxyethylene content is
If it is less than 15% by weight, the moisture permeability will be poor, and if it exceeds 62% by weight, the swelling ratio against water will be large, resulting in insufficient physical properties.

To coat decorative paper with these urethane polymers, the polymer itself may be coated, or if the viscosity is too high, the polymer may be dissolved in a solvent to obtain a viscosity suitable for coating (<1
It may be diluted to 10,000 cps at 25°C).

The coating weight of the moisture-permeable urethane polymer used in this invention on decorative paper is preferably 2 to 300 g/m ² , particularly 5 to 100 g/m ² in terms of polymer solid content.

If it is less than 2 g/m ² , the strength of the coating film will be insufficient, and it will be difficult to apply it uniformly to the decorative paper surface, and the wallpaper surface will be easily stained during use.

Moreover, if it exceeds 300 g/m ² , the moisture respiration performance deteriorates and it is not economically appropriate.

In order to coat the surface of the decorative paper with the moisture permeable urethane polymer, gravure coating method,
A doctor blade method, a reverse roll coating method, etc. can be used as appropriate. In the case of solvent-based materials, drying using a drying oven is required.

During coating, the decorative paper may be partially impregnated with the urethane polymer. Further, it is preferable that the coated resin is transparent enough to allow the decorative paper to be seen through from the outer surface when the decorative paper is laminated on the back surface thereof.

Decorative paper printing is expressed as printed matter of various colors and patterns, and is printed on the surface with water-based or oil-based ink.

The material for decorative paper can be either natural or synthetic.
Pulp paper, asbestos paper, etc. are usually used, and they are used in the form of woven or non-woven fabrics. They also need to have moisture absorption and desorption properties.

The thickness of this decorative paper is appropriately selected depending on where the wallpaper will be used, but it is generally 50 to 300 microns. Decorative paper coated with urethane polymer in this way is usually embossed to emphasize the pattern, and then the embossed paper has a mount on the back side for pasting on the wall. The layers are laminated and fixed using an adhesive to form the moisture-permeable wallpaper of this invention.

Embossing may be performed after laminating the mounts. Since this mount is directly attached to a wall base material such as a wooden board, gypsum board, or concrete, it is preferable to apply an adhesive or a pressure-sensitive adhesive to the back surface of the mount in advance for convenience and convenience.

As the mount used in this invention, any material that is generally available as a mount for wallpaper can be used, but flame-retardant paper for wallpaper, which is ordinary pulp paper impregnated with aluminum hydroxide or other flame retardant, is preferable. A material with a basis weight of 50 to 400 g/m ² is used, and it must also have a certain degree of flexibility so that it can be rolled.

In addition, if a highly water-absorbing resin or an inorganic filler is added to this flame-retardant paper in order to retain dew condensation prevention performance, the added value as a moisture-permeable wallpaper is further improved, which is beneficial.

In addition, if mold is expected to occur during use, it is recommended to add an anti-mold agent to the urethane polymer or adhesive in advance, and also add flame retardant to the surface urethane polymer layer in addition to the anti-mold agent. , a weathering agent, etc. can also be mixed at the same time, and these methods are extremely effective in improving the quality of wallpaper.

(Function) In the wallpaper of this invention, a non-porous moisture-permeable layer coated with a transparent urethane polymer is provided on the surface of a hygroscopic and water-absorbing decorative paper, and a non-porous moisture-permeable layer coated with a transparent urethane polymer is provided on the back side of the decorative paper, which is also hygroscopic.・It is a so-called three-layer structure made by laminating water-absorbent mounts (usually flame-retardant paper for wallpaper). When wallpaper with such a structure is used indoors, indoor water vapor first absorbs moisture through the moisture-permeable urethane polymer layer on the surface, and then this propagates to the mount, where the moisture is temporarily absorbed. It will be stored in Then, when the generation of indoor water vapor stops, the moisture stored in the mount will gradually release moisture from the surface of the wallpaper as a reverse phenomenon, and the moisture that can closely follow the changes in indoor humidity It has a cushioning function, and as a result of this breathing action, condensation on the wall is suppressed. Therefore, even when wiping dirt off the surface of the wallpaper with a wet rag, moisture is absorbed from the moisture-permeable wallpaper surface and released sequentially, so there is no need to wipe it with a dry cloth afterwards. In addition, the back side of this transparent moisture permeable resin layer is printed as appropriate.
The patterned decorative paper is layered, so you can see through it and it has a beautiful appearance.

When installing the wallpaper of this invention on a wall base material such as wood board or concrete, it is possible to apply adhesive or pressure-sensitive adhesive to the back of the backing paper in advance and then stick it on, making installation easy. In addition to this, it can also be directly hammered into boards or riveted, making it extremely easy to construct.

Hereinafter, this invention will be described in detail based on examples, comparative examples, and the attached drawings.

Example 1 (Moisture permeable polyurethane) (a) Preparation of polyester polyol 1080 of polyethylene glycol (molecular weight 200)
0.001% by weight of tetrabutyl titanate based on the total composition was added to a combined system of 642.4 parts by weight of adipic acid and 236 parts by weight of ε-caprolactone, and heated at 200 to 210°C with stirring in a flask. An esterification reaction was performed. The reaction was continued for 20 hours and dehydrated under reduced pressure to produce a polyester polyol. The polyoxyethylene content and molecular weight in this case were 60% and 1800.

(b) Preparation of urethane polymer Polyester polyol prepared in (a) above
Using 24 parts by weight of isophorone diisocyanate as an organic polyisocyanate per 100 parts by weight,
An isocyanate-terminated prepolymer was prepared, dimethylformamide was added thereto to give a solid content of 30%, and then 8.3 parts by weight of a chain extender was added to obtain a urethane polymer with a polyoxyethylene content of 45%. A film with a thickness of 20μ made from this urethane polymer solution by the casting method has a moisture permeability of 3600g/m ² and 24H (JIS Z-0208B method), and a swelling degree of 5% or less when permeated with water. It was hot.

(Wallpaper) In Fig. 1, 1 is a non-porous moisture permeable layer (film thickness equivalent to 20μ) formed by coating the surface of decorative paper 2 with a moisture permeable urethane polymer solution (solid content 30%) prepared by the above method. It is. This layer 1 is located at the outermost surface of the wallpaper of this invention, and is in direct contact with the moisture and moisture in the room. 2 is a 180μ thick decorative paper made of natural pulp paper. 3 is a mount made of flame-retardant paper for wallpaper with a thickness of 120μ laminated and bonded to the back side of the decorative paper 2 with a urethane adhesive,
It is a lining material that absorbs moisture. This wallpaper is attached to a wall base material made of gypsum board, for example, with an adhesive.

(Dew condensation test) Using the above wallpaper, indoor temperature 24℃, indoor humidity 68℃
%, when we conducted a condensation test by installing the film on the wall of a closed room with a wall temperature of 14℃, no condensation was observed after 12 hours, and even after 24 hours, a small amount of condensation was observed on the film surface. It was barely visible.

Comparative Example 1 For comparison, a polypropylene microporous film (moisture permeability 3450 g/m ² 24H according to JIS Z-0208B method) was used instead of the coating layer made of a moisture permeable urethane polymer in the example to make decorative paper. The test piece was laminated using a moisture-permeable urethane adhesive, and the other components were exactly the same as those in the example, and the test was conducted under the same conditions. The results of the dew condensation test showed that a slight amount of condensed water was generated after 12 hours, and dripping of condensed water was observed after 24 hours.

(Stain test) As a result of applying cigarette ash on the surface of the above wallpaper and then wiping it off with a dry cloth, the wallpaper of the present invention could be removed without leaving any stains, but the wallpaper of Comparative Example 1 had dirt clogging the surface film. , I couldn't get it clean.

Example 2 and Comparative Examples 2 to 3 In the same manner as in Example 1, the polyoxyethylene content in the final polyurethane was 50% (Example 2), 14% (Comparative Example 2), and 65% (Comparative Example 3), respectively. )
The moisture permeability of the film prepared by the same method as in Example 1 was 2750, 860 and 860, respectively.
3380g/m ² ·24H, and the degree of swelling when penetrated into water was 5%, 0%, and 24%, respectively. From the above, when the polyoxyethylene content in the final polyurethane is 15 to 62%, both moisture permeability and swelling degree are excellent.

As mentioned above, the wallpaper according to this invention has a coating layer of a transparent non-porous moisture-permeable urethane polymer on its surface, and a layer of moisture-permeable decorative paper printed with various colors and patterns on the back side. Furthermore, a moisture-permeable mount is laminated on the back side of the wallpaper, so if this wallpaper is installed in a room where there is water vapor, the wallpaper itself has a moisture-breathing function, so the surface of the wallpaper is The dew condensation phenomenon has been improved, and the surface of this wallpaper is made of a dense urethane polymer that is strong and has excellent abrasion resistance, so even if the surface becomes dirty, it can be easily wiped off and the wallpaper can always be kept clean. I can do it. In addition, since decorative paper is laminated on the inner surface of the coating layer, you are free to choose the color, pattern, and design of the decorative paper, such as the uneven shape of the surface by embossing.
By looking through this from the surface, it is clearly visible on the wallpaper surface. Furthermore, a backing material mount is laminated on the back side of the decorative paper, and an adhesive that can be easily applied to wall base materials such as wood boards, gypsum boards, and concrete is applied to the back side.
Adhesive can also be applied, and construction such as boarding and riveting is easy.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an embodiment of this invention, and is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which moisture permeable wallpaper is installed. 1... Non-porous moisture permeable layer coated with a moisture permeable urethane polymer, 2... Decorative paper, 3... Mounting paper,
4...Adhesive, 5...Wall base material.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A three-layered wallpaper in which the surface of decorative paper is coated with a moisture-permeable urethane polymer to provide a moisture-permeable layer, and a mount is laminated and fixed on the back side of the decorative paper,
The moisture permeable layer made of the moisture permeable urethane polymer has a molecular weight of
A mixture of an organic dicarboxylic acid and ε-caprolactone is reacted with polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 200 to 600 to synthesize a polyester polyol having a polyoxyethylene content of 17 to 70% and a molecular weight of 500 to 3,000. It has moisture permeability characterized by being a non-porous moisture permeable layer made of a urethane polymer with a polyoxyethylene content in the range of 15 to 62% by reacting an organic polyisocyanate in the presence of an extender. wallpaper.